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Separation Of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Microwave Heating Technology
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Book Synopsis Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Microwave Heating Technology by : Siti Nuurul Huda Mohammad Azmin
Download or read book Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Microwave Heating Technology written by Siti Nuurul Huda Mohammad Azmin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emulsion is a mixture of two immiscible substances which is divided into two types of emulsions either a water-in-oil emulsion or oil-in-water emulsion. Emulsion is unstable. For economic purpose, pipeline consideration and for efficient refinery operations, the produced crude oil must dewatered and necessary to separate the water completely from the crude oils before transporting them. In this study, two types of crude oil with three volume ratio of water-oil 50-50%, 30-70% and 20-80%(w/o) were used and they were added by four different types of surfactants (Triton-X-100, Tween 80, Span 80 and SDDS) in different concentration which are 0.5%, 2.5% and 4.5%. Then this water-oil volume ratio and surfactant was heating by using microwave at two different powers which are 180 watt and 720 watt. The findings from this study are microwave heating technology can be an alternative method for demulsification for water-oil emulsion. Microwave heating technology can be use for more effective, time and energy saving and low cost method for demulsification process compare to the conventional methods.
Book Synopsis Separation of Crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology by : Ser Er Chang
Download or read book Separation of Crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology written by Ser Er Chang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhancement of separation process involving liquid-liquid or solid-liquid can be achieved using microwave irradiation technology. The traditional ways of breaking emulsions include heating and chemical are disadvantageous both from economic and environmental perspectives. In this thesis, the microwave potentials in demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsions are investigated. The study began with some characterization of w/o emulsions such as formation, formulation, stabilization and breaking of emulsions to provide fundamental understanding of crude oil emulsions. The aim was to obtain optimized operating conditions as well as fundamental understanding of water-in-oil emulsions, upon which further developments on demulsification processes can be developed. The stability studies were carried out by analyzing operating condition such as stirring time, surfactant concentration, temperature, water-oil ratios (50-50% and 20-80%) and agitation speed (500rpm,1000rpm and 1500rpm). Four emulsifiers namely: Span 80, Span 83, Cocamide MEA and Triton X-100 were used for w/o stabilizations. It was found that they exist a correlations between these factors and emulsion stability. For microwave power applied (720 watts, 540 watts and 360 watts), it conclude that the microwave power was proportional to the volume rate of heat generation and rate of temperature increase. Results show that microwave radiation can enhance the demulsification rate by order of magnitude. The result obtained in this study has exposed the capability of microwave technology in demulsification of water-in-oil emulsions. Further work is nevertheless required to provide deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved to facilitate the development of optimum system applicable to the industries.
Book Synopsis Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology by : Seng Tatt Hoo
Download or read book Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology written by Seng Tatt Hoo and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional methods to separate water-in-crude oil emulsions like chemical demulsifiers are not environmentally-friendly, slow, separation not efficient, not cost effective and consume space for separation. The potentials of microwave energy in demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsions were investigated. In this study, stability tests, gravity settling, microwave heating and microwave separation were studied. Microwave demulsification was applied in 50/50 and 20/80 water-in-crude oil emulsions with microwave exposure time varied from 120-180 seconds. As the sludge is heated, viscosity is lowered, and rapid coalescence of liquid phases takes place. Once the liquid phases coalesce, separation occurs through natural gravity. No chemicals are needed to force separation. Three different parameters were being investigated on the effect of separation namely volume ratio of water-in-oil emulsions, different emulsifiers and power generations of microwave. The four emulsifiers used were SDDS, Span 83, Triton X-100 and Tween 80. The power generations were 360 and 540 watts respectively. 20/80 water-in-crude oil emulsion was the most stable among two volume ratios. Newtonian fluid was determined from stability tests. Viscosity decreased, shear stress increased and shear rate increased over rpm. Surface and interfacial tensions were determined. Water and oil separation efficiencies via gravity settling were low. Volumetric heat generation rate of microwave was high. Water and oil separation efficiencies of microwave were more efficient than gravity settling. Microwave causes molecular rotation and ionic conduction thus fast heating.
Book Synopsis Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology by : R. Sothilakshmi Rajanderan
Download or read book Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology written by R. Sothilakshmi Rajanderan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The traditional ways of breaking emulsions using heat and chemicals are disadvantageous from both economic and environmental perspectives. In this study, an alternative and cost effective technology for high frequency energy separation of oil emulsions has developed. The potentials of microwave technology in demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsions are investigated. After exposing the emulsion to the microwave electromagnetic (EM) field, molecular rotation, and ionic conduction due to the penetration of EM into the emulsion are responsible for the internal heating. In this study, microwave demulsification was applied in a 50-50 %, 30-70 % and 10-90 % water-in-oil emulsions with microwave exposure time varied from 20-200 sec. The temperature rise at a given location was almost horizontal (linear). The average rates of temperature increase of 50-50 %, 30-70 % and 10-90 % water-in-oil emulsion are 1.042, 0.582 and 0.218 oC/sec, respectively. The rate of temperature increase of emulsions decreased at higher temperature due to decreasing dielectric loss of water. Viscosity increases with amount of surfactant used, whereas, viscosity and shear stress decreases as temperature and rpm increased.
Book Synopsis Destabilization of Crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Assisted Ultrasonic Technology by : Khairul Azirul Muhamad Asrai
Download or read book Destabilization of Crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Assisted Ultrasonic Technology written by Khairul Azirul Muhamad Asrai and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conventional method of breaking emulsions using heat and chemicals are disadvantages from both economic and environmental aspects. Hence, the alternative method and environmental friendly are needed to alter efficiency for destabilization of crude oil emulsion. One of the alternatives that can be used to replace the existance chemical which is not enviromental friendly is by using microwave assisted ultrasonic technologies which create very high energy to break the presence of water in the crude oil. In this study, microwave assisted ultrasonic demulsification was applied in a 20-80 % and 50-50 % water-in-oil emulsions. The effectiveness of microwave assisted ultrasonic in demulsification was assessed experimentally with two different power of microwave which are 450 Watt and 600 Watt, and two different power of ultrasonic which are 3 and 9. A commercial emulsifiers used were Triton X-100, Low Sulphur Wax Residue (LSWR) and Span 83. The separation of water from crude oil is faster and efficient via using the microwave assisted by ultrasonic method compare to conventional method.
Book Synopsis Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Ultrasonic Technology by : Siti Zaleha Abdullah
Download or read book Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Ultrasonic Technology written by Siti Zaleha Abdullah and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emulsions have long been of great practical interest due to their widespread occurrence in everyday life. They may be found in important areas such as food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and agricultural industry. Emulsions are also found in the petroleum industry. Water separated from water in oil emulsion by various method such as ultrasonic, chemical or microwave demulsification. Emulsifier are surfactant used to develop high surface pressure at emulsion interface. In this research the ultrasonic technology used to break the water in oil emulsion. For stability part, about three type of crude oil used in the stability part which are include heavy and light crude oil. The emulsion prepared by mix the crude oil with the emulsifier such as Span 80.Tween 80 and SDDS and the propeller will used to mix the mixture vigorously for 5 minute. The next step pour some water slowly into the crude oil and wait until 10 minutes to ensure the mixture is completely mixing.The speed for propeller is about 1250rpm.the sample will check water in oil emulsion by filter paper or test tube test.Record the data and observed what happen occur during experiment. For the demulsification part the Masila crude oil will used to compare the ultrasonic with chemical demulsification method. The hexylamine is the chemical used to break the emulsion.The data and observation will be record and graph will be plotted to show which one give best performance to break the emulsion.In conclusion the ultrasonic is not effienct method to break the emulsion compared to the chemical method.-Author-
Book Synopsis Nanotechnology for Oil-Water Separation by : Nisar Ali
Download or read book Nanotechnology for Oil-Water Separation written by Nisar Ali and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-09-21 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology for Oil-Water Separation: From Fundamentals to Industrial Applications explores how nanotechnologically engineered solutions (modified meshes, carbon nanotubes, functionalized fabrics, textile or hybrid elements for bio-membranes, nanofibrous materials, and many more) can be used to remediate current damage to the environment for a better tomorrow. Design and fabrication of low-cost, effective and environmentally friendly micro/nanomaterials exhibiting strong wettability properties and mechanical and chemical stability are examined, along with current research developments and possible future directions, making this book an essential read for researchers, advanced students, and industry professionals with an interest in nanotechnology and sustainable (bio)technologies. The increasing amounts of industrial substances released by petrochemical, steel or gas-generating plants and food-processing factories into water poses an ever more serious environmental threat. Due to the significant adverse impact on the natural ecosystem, aquatic organisms and human health, the scientific community has made its priority to find sustainable methods to separate oil-water mixtures. - Provides an "all-in-one" reference on oil-water separation using cutting-edge, cost-effective, and environmentally-friendly nanotechnology-based solutions - Sheds light on the proper disposal, management and treatment processes of petroleum wastewater - Includes a discussion on new developments and findings, as well as challenges and concerns with an indication of where the field may move in coming years
Book Synopsis Application of Microwave and Ultrasonic Demulsification Techniques on Petroleum Based Emulsions by : Souleyman Ahmat Issaka
Download or read book Application of Microwave and Ultrasonic Demulsification Techniques on Petroleum Based Emulsions written by Souleyman Ahmat Issaka and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although emulsions are very useful and desired products in cosmetic, food and soft drink industries, yet they are considered as troublesome and undesired product in petroleum industries wherein; they eventually need to be broken into pure oil and water. The current demulsification techniques that consist of mainly chemicals together with mechanical, heating and electrical methods are not very good, since chemical for instance are costly and harmful to the environment, mechanical techniques such as gravity settling tank, hydrocyclone vessel, centrifugal separators, and steam stripping are large requiring more space and cost, electrical techniques almost always work in a very high voltage that can easily cause fire via short circuit, the objective of this project is to assess the effectiveness of some other integrated techniques that have not being fully developed, namely microwave and ultrasonic techniques integrated with chemicals for the purpose of reducing or eliminating the chemical demusifiers, another objective of the current project is also to formulate a stable emulsion that resemble the natural emulsion, this in turn generated another interesting objective of decolorizing the crude oil for microscopic droplet size analysis of heavy oil. A massive screening was carried out to fix the optimal parameters in making a stable w/o emulsios these including stirring intensity, emulsifiers' types and concentration and water volume fraction, the results showed that the optimal parameters to produce w/o emulsions were 0.25% (v/v) emulsifiers concentration (Span 80) with mixing speed of 1600 rpm for 7 minutes. From the demulsification process it was observed that when chemical assisted microwave was used a demulsifiers' concentration of 0.1% with two minutes irradiation time gave the best separation efficiency for 50-50% w/o emulsions, while for 20-80 % w/o emulsions; 0.05% demulsifiers concentration and 3.5 minutes irradiation time gave the best water separation of 60%. Chemical assisted ultrasonic also was found to be very effective, when emulsions were sonicated with 0.7% (v/v) of demulsifiers. Hence ultrasonic-chemical integrated system gave the highest separation rate for water-in-crude oil emulsions which reached 97% at power level of 3, compare to microwave-chemical integrated system which gave maximum separation efficiency of 87% at the aforementioned concentration of 0.1%. However when the demulsifiers were increased to 0.7% microwave had given a maximum separation of 96%, Microwave also was tested in some other real industrial emulsions namely Slop oil emulsion and waste coolant emulsion and gave very high separation as expected. Fundamentally the basic mechanism behind the effectiveness of microwave demulsification is that the electromagnetic wave that induce the water molecules to move as trying to rearrange themselves with the wave in two distinct mechanisms known as ionic conduction and dipole rotation that would eventually convert the wave energy into heat generated within the water molecules, while for ultrasonic demulsification it is normally governed by the pressure exerted by the sound wave on the droplets as they travel through the emulsion medium, hence the compression refraction form of the wave motion would make the suspended water droplet to aggregate on the nodes and coalesce.
Book Synopsis Comparison of Microwave-assisted Chemicals in Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions by : Jun Jian Chew
Download or read book Comparison of Microwave-assisted Chemicals in Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions written by Jun Jian Chew and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demulsification (emulsion breaking or emulsions destabilizing) is important in many industry applications such as the petroleum industry, painting and waste-water treatment in environmental technology. Chemical and microwave heating demulsification is the most widely used method of demulsifying the water-in-crude oil emulsions and both methods accelerate the emulsion destabilizing process. This research combined the chemical with microwave-assisted to increase the efficiency of demulsification and reduce the chemical usage to prevent any environmental issues. The effect of chemical demulsification with microwave-assisted operations on the stability and properties of water-in-crude oil emulsions was assessed experimentally by using different types of demulsifiers which are Amine and Polymeric demulsifiers with microwave heating. By using the sample of water-in-crude oil emulsions which prepared by adding artificial emulsifiers (Span 83) which had formed the most stable emulsion after the complete screening of stability part was conducted, the chemical demulsifiers were added in the emulsions to break the emulsion with the assistant of microwave heating to increase the performance. The research found that Hexylamine and Cocoamine had the high efficiency of the demulsification with the assistant of microwave heating which was different from the conventional method but the latter was better as it was more environmental friendly. Overall results show that demulsification by microwave heating was faster as compared to the gravity sedimentation and it does not require much chemical additions to boost the breaking of the emulsion.
Book Synopsis Demulsification by : Kenneth J. Lissant
Download or read book Demulsification written by Kenneth J. Lissant and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Assisted Chemicals (environmental Friendly) by : Nur Hafizah Hussin
Download or read book Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Assisted Chemicals (environmental Friendly) written by Nur Hafizah Hussin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demulsification is a process of emulsion breaking. It is important in industry application such as waste water treatment, refinery and painting industry. Microwave and chemical heating is the most widely used method of water in oil demulsification. In this research, the combination of microwave and chemical is used to increase the efficiency of water in oil demulsification. To prevent the environmental issues, natural chemical is used in this research which is Diethanolamide of coconut fatty acid. The effectiveness of microwave assisted natural chemical in demulsification was assessed experimentally with two different power of microwave which are 450 and 600, and two different concentration of Diethanolamide of coconut fatty acid which are 0.5% and 1.5%. The water in oil emulsion was prepared by using artificial emulsifier. Artificial emulsifiers used are Triton X-100, Low Sulphur Wax Residue (LSWR) and Span 83. The natural chemical (Diethanolamide of coconut fatty acid) were added in the emulsion to increase the performance before heating the emulsion with microwave. The result shows that demulsification by using microwave assisted natural chemical was faster and more environmental friendly compared to conventional method.
Book Synopsis A Novel Process for Demulsification of Coconut Oil Milk Emulsions by Microwave Radiation by : Norlia Che Saad
Download or read book A Novel Process for Demulsification of Coconut Oil Milk Emulsions by Microwave Radiation written by Norlia Che Saad and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of microwave radiation demulsification process in separation process has been increasingly important.There is several studies on demulsification using microwave radiation and the results are positive. This research aims to develop a generic but efficient and sustainable water/coconut oil separation method through process intensification and integration based on the application of microwave heating technology. This study is devided into two parts which are demulsification process and emulsion stability. The microwave is set at 720W for 5 minutes. Then the coconut milk is heated using microwave. After that the sample is taken out from microwave to 250ml measurement cylinder which is settling process is occured. The procedure mentioned above is repeated for the power 720W; 7 minutes, 540W; 5 minutes, 540W; 7 minutes. Each sample was run for 3 times per sample. Lastly the data is recorded.As a conclusion, the volume of water and oil separations for all samples were increased when the settling time was increased by increasing the power of microwave radiation. The microwave has high potential as a method to enhance the demulsification of coconut oil milk.
Book Synopsis Food Emulsions by : David Julian McClements
Download or read book Food Emulsions written by David Julian McClements and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-12-16 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food Emulsions: Principles, Practice, and Techniques, Second Edition introduces the fundamentals of emulsion science and demonstrates how this knowledge can be applied to better understand and control the appearance, stability, and texture of many common and important emulsion-based foods. Revised and expanded to reflect recent developments, this s
Book Synopsis Encyclopedic Handbook of Emulsion Technology by : Johan Sjoblom
Download or read book Encyclopedic Handbook of Emulsion Technology written by Johan Sjoblom and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-03-16 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of fundamental characteristics, theories and applications for liquid-liquid colloidal dispersions. It profiles experimental and traditional measurement techniques in a variety of emulsified systems, including rheology, nuclear magnetic resonance, dielectric spectroscopy, microcalorimetry, video enhanced microscopy, and conductivity.
Book Synopsis Petroleum Engineering Handbook by : Larry W. Lake
Download or read book Petroleum Engineering Handbook written by Larry W. Lake and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Petroleum Engineering Handbook has long been recognized as a valuable comprehensive reference book that offers practical day-to-day applications for students and experienced engineering professionals alike. Available now in 7 Volumes, Volume 1 covers General Engineering topics including chapters on mathematics, fluid properties (fluid sampling techniques; properties and correlations of oil, gas, condensate, and water; hydrocarbon phase behavior and phase diagrams for hydrocarbon systems; the phase behavior of water/hydrocarbon systems; and the properties of waxes, asphaltenes, and crude oil emulsions), rock properties (bulk rock properties, permeability, relative permeability, and capillary pressure), the economic and regulatory environment, and the role of fossil energy in the 21st century energy mix.
Book Synopsis Surfactants by : Laurier Lincoln Schramm
Download or read book Surfactants written by Laurier Lincoln Schramm and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-23 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2000 book provides an introduction to the nature, occurrence, physical properties, propagation, and uses of surfactants in the petroleum industry.
Book Synopsis Energy Revolution and Chemical Research by : Kok-Keong Chong
Download or read book Energy Revolution and Chemical Research written by Kok-Keong Chong and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-08 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary goal of the book is to promote research and developmental activities in energy, power technology and chemical technology. Besides, it aims to promote scientific information interchange between scholars from top universities, business associations, research centers and high-tech enterprises working all around the world. The conference conducted in-depth exchanges and discussions on relevant topics such as energy engineering and chemical engineering, aiming to provide an academic and technical communication platform for scholars and engineers engaged in scientific research and engineering practice in the field of energy materials, energy equipment and electrochemistry. By sharing the research status of scientific research achievements and cutting-edge technologies, it helps scholars and engineers all over the world comprehend the academic development trends and broaden research ideas. So as to strengthen international academic research, academic topics exchange and discussion, and promote the industrialization cooperation of academic achievements.
