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Sensor Based Nitrogen Management On Non Irrigated Corn Based Systems In Nebraska
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Book Synopsis Sensor-based Nitrogen Management on Non-irrigated Corn Based Systems in Nebraska by : Samantha L. Teten
Download or read book Sensor-based Nitrogen Management on Non-irrigated Corn Based Systems in Nebraska written by Samantha L. Teten and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optimizing nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications in corn to reduce environmental impacts while maintaining producer profitability remains a challenge due to spatial and temporal variability in crop yield potential and soil N dynamics. In response to these challenges, active crop canopy sensors and imagery systems have been studied to test the performance of vegetative index-based N management, but adoption has been low. There is also a lack of field-scale research evaluating this technology in water-limiting environments. The evaluation of two sensor-based N management techniques was completed at nine non-irrigated sites in Eastern Nebraska. The first sensor-based N management technique evaluated an active crop canopy sensor and Holland-Schepers model to direct real-time, in-season N applications on corn. Compared to growers' management, active sensor management improved N use efficiency (NUE) by 16.8±8.4 kg grain kg N-1 and reduced N fertilizer inputs by 38.7±20.8 kg N ha-1 . All sites resulted in less N applied than the growers' management. Two of the nine sites resulted in significant yield losses compared to the sensor-based management with an average yield loss across all sites of 0.49±0.69 Mg grain ha-1 . Average partial profitability was $2.40±15.48 US$ ha-1 less than the growers' practices. Early season base N rates and timing influenced the NUE of active sensor N management approach. The second sensor-based management technique utilized aerial imagery and the Holland-Schepers model to develop variable-rate N prescriptions for in-season applications. The approach incorporated sub-field yield potential by varying the estimated optimum N rate used in the algorithm based on management zones (MZ). The aerial imagery-based management improved NUE compared to the growers' current management by 23.6±15.3 kg grain kg N-1 and did not result in differences in partial profit. The integration of MZs influenced the total N applied and demonstrated the potential to improve imagery-based recommendations using spatial field data. Overall, compared to grower management, active sensors improved NUE in nonirrigated sites where rainfall is a yield limiting factor. Aerial imagery-based prescriptions also improved NUE compared to grower management and provided an opportunity to further refine sensor-based management to account for sub-field variability by incorporating yield potential and soil attributes.
Book Synopsis Developing a Crop Based Strategy for On-the-go Nitrogen Management in Irrigated Cornfields by : Fernando Solari
Download or read book Developing a Crop Based Strategy for On-the-go Nitrogen Management in Irrigated Cornfields written by Fernando Solari and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Precision Agriculture by : Richard Ferguson
Download or read book Precision Agriculture written by Richard Ferguson and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Water and Nitrogen Management on Yield and Fertilizer Utilization Efficiency of Irrigated Corn by : D. G. Purdy
Download or read book Effects of Water and Nitrogen Management on Yield and Fertilizer Utilization Efficiency of Irrigated Corn written by D. G. Purdy and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Irrigation and Nitrogen Management for Corn on Sandy Soils Irrigated with Water Containing Nitrate by : Derrel L. Martin
Download or read book Evaluation of Irrigation and Nitrogen Management for Corn on Sandy Soils Irrigated with Water Containing Nitrate written by Derrel L. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nitrogen Management of Corn with Sensor Technology by : Andrew Neil Tucker
Download or read book Nitrogen Management of Corn with Sensor Technology written by Andrew Neil Tucker and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corn (Zea mays) is an important cereal crop in Kansas primarily used as livestock feed for cattle in the feedlots, and there has been increased use of corn for ethanol production as well. According to the USDA National Agriculture Statistics approximately 1.7 million hectares of corn is planted each year in Kansas, with an average yield ranging from 5,750-7,750 kg ha[superscript]-1 within the last five years (2005-2009). With this variability in yield and volatility of crop and fertilizer prices over that same period, it seems logical that optimum nitrogen or N rates may vary. A series of 14 field experiments were conducted across Kansas from 2006 through 2009 to address this issue. Specific experiments included: evaluating optimum N rates from side-dressing nitrogen fertilizer; timing of nitrogen application, pre-plant vs. split applications and normal side-dress V-6-V-9 vs. late side-dress V-14-V-16; N response of corn to a late side-dress of nitrogen fertilizer; and the evaluation of optical sensors for making in season N recommendations. The specific objectives of this research were to: a. Determine the optimum N application rate and timing to optimize corn grain yields in different corn producing regions in Kansas. b. Confirm or revise the current K-State soil test based N recommendation system for corn. c. Evaluate N management strategies using the GreenSeeker, Crop Circle, and SPAD meter, crop sensors. d. Develop draft GreenSeeker, Crop Circle, and SPAD sensor algorithms for producers to use. Grain corn yields were responsive to N at all but 3 sites. Grain yields obtained at the sites ranged from 3,460 to 15,480 kg ha[superscript]-1. Optimum N rates varied from 0 to 246 kg N ha[superscript]-1. This work suggests that current K-State N fertilizer recommendations for corn need revisions due to over recommendation of N. Including different coefficients for irrigated and dry land corn along with N recovery terms would create a more accurate N recommendation system that more closely reflects the results obtained in these experiments, and provide a significant improvement over the current system. The optical sensors used in this study were effective at making N recommendations for corn. These sensors can be a valuable tool for producers to use and determine in season N status of corn.
Book Synopsis An Integrated Crop- and Soil-based Strategy for Variable-rate Nitrogen Management in Corn by : Darrin F. Roberts
Download or read book An Integrated Crop- and Soil-based Strategy for Variable-rate Nitrogen Management in Corn written by Darrin F. Roberts and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nitrogen in Agricultural Systems by : James Stuart Schepers
Download or read book Nitrogen in Agricultural Systems written by James Stuart Schepers and published by ASA-CSSA-SSSA. This book was released on 2008 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Review of the principles and management implications related to nitrogen in the soil-plant-water system.
Book Synopsis A Regional Investigation of In-season Nitrogen Requirement for Maize Using Model and Sensor-based Recommendation Approaches by : Laura Joy Stevens
Download or read book A Regional Investigation of In-season Nitrogen Requirement for Maize Using Model and Sensor-based Recommendation Approaches written by Laura Joy Stevens and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: N management for corn can be improved by applying a portion of the total N during the growing season, allowing for adjustments responsive to actual field conditions. This study was conducted to evaluate two approaches for determining in-season N rates: Maize-N model and active crop canopy sensor. Various sensor algorithms designed for making in-season N recommendations from crop canopy sensor data were evaluated. The effects of corn hybrid and planting population on recommendations with these two approaches were considered. In a 2-yr study, a total of twelve sites were evaluated over a 3-state region, including sites in Missouri, Nebraska, and North Dakota. In-season N recommendations were generally lower when using the sensor-based approach with Holland and Schepers (2012) algorithm than the model-based approach. This resulted in observed trends of higher partial factor productivity of N and agronomic efficiency for the sensor-based treatments. At specific sites, conditions leading to high levels of mineralized N becoming available to the crop during the growing season increased environmental and economic benefit of the sensor-based approach. The optimum N rate was estimated using a linear-plateau model. Compared to the sensor-based approach with the Holland and Schepers algorithm, the model-based approach more closely estimated the optimum N rate and erred by over-recommending N. Profit loss from the sensor with Holland and Schepers algorithm was greater when considering all sites collectively due to the greater cost of lost yield when N was under-applied, versus the lower cost of excess N when N was over-applied.
Book Synopsis Ground Based Active Remote Sensors for Precision Nitrogen Management in Irrigated Maize Production by : Timothy M. Shaver
Download or read book Ground Based Active Remote Sensors for Precision Nitrogen Management in Irrigated Maize Production written by Timothy M. Shaver and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Factors Affecting Nitrogen Management Practices of Corn Producers in Nebraska by : Benedict Juliano
Download or read book Factors Affecting Nitrogen Management Practices of Corn Producers in Nebraska written by Benedict Juliano and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Integration of Plant-based Canopy Sensors for Site-specific Nitrogen Management by : Luciano Shozo Shiratsuchi
Download or read book Integration of Plant-based Canopy Sensors for Site-specific Nitrogen Management written by Luciano Shozo Shiratsuchi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The soil's nitrogen (N) supply can vary drastically in the field, spatially as well as temporally making any soil prediction difficult even with very detailed mapping. Consequently, a plant-based approach wherein the measured canopy can indicate the N needs in a reactive and spatially-variable way can be a better approach than mapping, because integrate the soil N supply and translate the crop need on-the-go. The first experiment evaluated the performance of various spectral indices for sensing N status of corn, where spectral variability might be confounded by water-induced variations in crop reflectance. We found that water and previous crops effects on vegetation indices (VI) must be considered, and also that some VIs are less susceptible to water with good ability for N differentiation. In the second experiment, the objective was to develop an approach that relies on local soil conditions as well as on active canopy sensor measurements for real-time adjustment of N application rate. We found that local variations in plant N availability must be considered to determine the optimal N rate on-the-go, and that the localized reference incorporated the spatial variability of the N-rich plot. Next, we determined the correlation between active canopy sensors assessments of N availability and ultrasonic sensor measurements of canopy height at several growth stages for corn. We found strong correlations between both sensors and that they had similar abilities to distinguish N-mediated differences in canopy development. The integrated use of both sensors improved the N estimation compared to the isolated use of either sensor. Based on these strong correlations, we developed an N recommendation algorithm based on ultrasonic plant height measurements to be used for on-the-go variable rate N application. Lastly, we evaluated the crop water status using infrared thermometry integrated with optical and ultrasonic sensors, we concluded that the integration of sensors was beneficial to detect water-stressed zones in the field, affecting yield and possibly promising to delineate zones for N and water management.
Book Synopsis An Environmental Assessment of Sensor-based Variable-rate Nitrogen Management in Corn by : Darrin F. Roberts
Download or read book An Environmental Assessment of Sensor-based Variable-rate Nitrogen Management in Corn written by Darrin F. Roberts and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen (N) fertilizer use in agricultural production systems has increased dramatically over the past 50 years. N fertilizer unused by the crop is left to the fate of the processes of the N cycle, and can eventually lead to detrimental effects to the environment. As a result, an issue of increasing concern in the U.S. Midwest is nitrate contamination of surface and ground waters. A likely contributing factor to contamination is that crop N need varies spatially across whole fields. In order to address this problem, various methods have been used to try to account for spatial variability of N within agricultural fields. One approach to account for this variability and thereby reduce nitrate pollution is in-season site-specific N application according to economic optimal N rate (EONR). Active-light reflectance sensors have been successfully used for site-specific N applications in wheat. Recently, these sensors have been tested for mid-season, on-the-go N fertilizer application in corn. This 2004 and 2005 study was conducted on 12 Missouri producer corn fields to (1) evaluate the relationship between EONR and active-light reflectance sensor readings, and (2) evaluate the relationship between environmental measurements and EONR. N treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design at rates of 0-235 kg N ha-1 at 34 kg N ha-1 increments. Measurements included EONR, crop N yield efficiency (YE), N fertilizer recovery efficiency (NFRE), and post-harvest soil inorganic N levels. A quadratic-plateau function was used to determine EONR for 68 different treatment sets obtained from the 12 fields. Crop response to N was significant (i.e. EONR was calculable) for nearly all treatment sets in 2004 because of very good growing conditions. Nearly the opposite was found in 2005 because of a droughty growing season. In 2004, EONR was significantly related to active-light sensor indices, but with regression model coefficients of determination (r 2) ≤ 0.35 for all sensor indices evaluated. However, including soil electrical conductivity (EC) in the regression model improved the r2 to 0.47. Sensor measurements were found to be significantly related to delta yield. However, delta yield was not a good predictor of EONR (r2 = 0.34). A relationship between EONR and the indices could not be established for 2005 data. In 2004, YE at EONR was not the same between fields, and ranged from 19-47 kg grain (kg N) -1. As N rate approached EONR, both YE and NFRE declined, while post-harvest inorganic N levels increased. These preliminary results show promise for using active-light reflectance sensors to achieve EONR and reduce N loss off fields.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Algorithm Thresholds for Crop Canopy Sensor-based In-season Nitrogen Application in Corn by : Brian Theodore Krienke
Download or read book Evaluation of Algorithm Thresholds for Crop Canopy Sensor-based In-season Nitrogen Application in Corn written by Brian Theodore Krienke and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing in Precision Agriculture by : Salim Lamine
Download or read book Remote Sensing in Precision Agriculture written by Salim Lamine and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-10-20 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing in Precision Agriculture: Transforming Scientific Advancement into Innovation compiles the latest applications of remote sensing in agriculture using spaceborne, airborne and drones’ geospatial data. The book presents case studies, new algorithms and the latest methods surrounding crop sown area estimation, determining crop health status, assessment of vegetation dynamics, crop diseases identification, crop yield estimation, soil properties, drone image analysis for crop damage assessment, and other issues in precision agriculture. This book is ideal for those seeking to explore and implement remote sensing in an effective and efficient manner with its compendium of scientifically and technologically sound information. Presents a well-integrated collection of chapters, with quality, consistency and continuity Provides the latest RS techniques in Precision Agriculture that are addressed by leading experts Includes detailed, yet geographically global case studies that can be easily understood, reproduced or implemented Covers geospatial data, with codes available through shared links
Book Synopsis More Corn Profits by : Clinton A. Hoover
Download or read book More Corn Profits written by Clinton A. Hoover and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Sensor-based Nitrogen Recommendation Algorithms for Cereal Crops by : Antonio Ray Asebedo
Download or read book Development of Sensor-based Nitrogen Recommendation Algorithms for Cereal Crops written by Antonio Ray Asebedo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen (N) management is one of the most recognizable components of farming both within and outside the world of agriculture. Interest over the past decade has greatly increased in improving N management systems in corn (Zea mays) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) to have high NUE, high yield, and be environmentally sustainable. Nine winter wheat experiments were conducted across seven locations from 2011 through 2013. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impacts of fall-winter, Feekes 4, Feekes 7, and Feekes 9 N applications on winter wheat grain yield, grain protein, and total grain N uptake. Nitrogen treatments were applied as single or split applications in the fall-winter, and top-dressed in the spring at Feekes 4, Feekes 7, and Feekes 9 with applied N rates ranging from 0 to 134 kg ha−1. Results indicate that Feekes 7 and 9 N applications provide more optimal combinations of grain yield, grain protein levels, and fertilizer N recovered in the grain when compared to comparable rates of N applied in the fall-winter or at Feekes 4. Winter wheat N management studies from 2006 through 2013 were utilized to develop sensor-based N recommendation algorithms for winter wheat in Kansas. Algorithm RosieKat v.2.6 was designed for multiple N application strategies and utilized N reference strips for establishing N response potential. Algorithm NRS v1.5 addressed single top-dress N applications and does not require a N reference strip. In 2013, field validations of both algorithms were conducted at eight locations across Kansas. Results show algorithm RK v2.6 consistently provided highly efficient N recommendations for improving NUE, while achieving high grain yield and grain protein. Without the use of the N reference strip, NRS v1.5 performed statistically equal to the KSU soil test N recommendation in regards to grain yield but with lower applied N rates. Six corn N fertigation experiments were conducted at KSU irrigated experiment fields from 2012 through 2014 to evaluate the previously developed KSU sensor-based N recommendation algorithm in corn N fertigation systems. Results indicate that the current KSU corn algorithm was effective at achieving high yields, but has the tendency to overestimate N requirements. To optimize sensor-based N recommendations for N fertigation systems, algorithms must be specifically designed for these systems to take advantage of their full capabilities, thus allowing implementation of high NUE N management systems.
