Self Oriented Perfectionism And Emotional Competence Are Related To Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents

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Self-oriented Perfectionism and Emotional Competence are Related to Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents

Author : Shaktiyanshi Raundeley
Publisher : Swastikam
ISBN 13 : 9781805240105
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Self-oriented Perfectionism and Emotional Competence are Related to Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents by : Shaktiyanshi Raundeley

Download or read book Self-oriented Perfectionism and Emotional Competence are Related to Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents written by Shaktiyanshi Raundeley and published by Swastikam. This book was released on 2023-01-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the present era psychological distress becomes a major problem for adolescence. It is important to emphasize that with the advancement of science and technology everyone wants to move forward and hit the height of their success, compete with others and lead a more luxurious life for which adolescents strive around the clock. As a result, they encountered high stress levels that may adversely affect their mental, physiological, cognitive, and behavioral state. Individuals want to grow or evolve and want to become better, set their future goals and face many challenges, such as academic, financial, interpersonal and parental pressure, etc. Therefore, there is a need to increase the level of self-efficacy, enhance work performance and develop positive attitudes for achieving the goal. If individuals fail to achieve their goals due to low self-efficacy, maladaptive perfectionism or depressive style of attribution, either curbed by family or society, they experience high levels of stress that contribute to psychological distress and play an important role in the development of various types of psychological disorders, such as anxiety, depression, mood disorders or various physical problems. In this context, the suicide rate is a critical indicator of the social and psychological condition. Consequently, suicide has always been a topic of considerable interest in different geographical areas of the world, because an analysis of the suicide rate of young adults worldwide may reveal something of their well-being. Suicide is such an enigma that it's unclear why so many teenagers and young adults choose to take their own lives. Thousand of books have tried to answer why people murder themselves. To sum up in three words: "to stop pain." As Shneidman (1998) had put it "the author of suicide is pain". Often, as in chronic or terminal illness, this pain is physical; more often, it is mental, triggered by a myriad of problems. In any case, suicide is not an accidental or pointless act, but an important, if extreme, solution. Suicide offers a permanent fix to a temporary problem. In the historical perspective, no human society or time in recorded history has undoubtedly existed in which the epidemic of 'suicidal act' was non-existent (Latha, Bhat & D'Souza, 1996).

Handbook of Suicidal Behaviour

Author : Updesh Kumar
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811048169
Total Pages : 572 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Suicidal Behaviour by : Updesh Kumar

Download or read book Handbook of Suicidal Behaviour written by Updesh Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This essential reference volume in the field of suicidology brings forth leading-edge conceptualizations of suicidal behaviour by including emerging trends and recent research advances in the field across the globe. It highlights the trajectories of suicidal behaviour, emphasizing the psyche behind attempting suicide, identifying vulnerable groups, and bridging the gap between theoretical underpinnings and application for addressing the aftermath of suicide. The handbook delineates research progress on risk assessment among vulnerable groups of varied milieu. Furthermore, it introduces various avenues of change and well-being. It also addresses important concerns related to terrorism and suicide in the armed forces. This handbook is a comprehensive repository of the latest research synergized with theoretical conceptualizations that pave the way for newer approaches towards management and prevention of suicidal behaviour. It includes contributions by eminent authors across the globe, and is a must-have resource for scholars, academics and professionals in the areas of mental health and social work.

Cognition and Suicide

Author : Thomas E. Ellis
Publisher : American Psychological Association (APA)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognition and Suicide by : Thomas E. Ellis

Download or read book Cognition and Suicide written by Thomas E. Ellis and published by American Psychological Association (APA). This book was released on 2006 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although substantial resources have been expended on suicide research and prevention, suicide science remains in its infancy. This book brings together an impressive cast to bridge the gap between cognitive research and cognitive-behavioral practice relating to suicide.

Cognitive Vulnerability to Emotional Disorders

Author : Lauren B. Alloy
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135648786
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Vulnerability to Emotional Disorders by : Lauren B. Alloy

Download or read book Cognitive Vulnerability to Emotional Disorders written by Lauren B. Alloy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-04-21 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, which advances clinical science and clinical practice, experts present the broad synthesis of what we have learnt about nature, origins, and clinical ramifications of the general and specific cognitive factors that seem to play a crucial role in creating and maintaining vulnerability across the spectrum of emotional disorders.

International encyclopedia of adolescence

Author : Jeffrey Jensen Arnett
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 0415966671
Total Pages : 1214 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (159 download)

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Book Synopsis International encyclopedia of adolescence by : Jeffrey Jensen Arnett

Download or read book International encyclopedia of adolescence written by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2007 with total page 1214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher description

Mental Health and Psychopathology

Author : Ami Rokach
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000536009
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Mental Health and Psychopathology by : Ami Rokach

Download or read book Mental Health and Psychopathology written by Ami Rokach and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-26 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a compilation of articles that shed light on psychopathology, how the one struggling with it experiences its implications, and how it affects everyday life. For one to be categorized as exhibiting positive mental health, an individual should not experience psychopathology, and additionally exhibit high levels of emotional well-being as well as high levels of psychological and social functioning. The dual-factor model of mental health suggests that enhancing positive mental health and alleviating psychopathology do not automatically go together and are not opposite of one another. There is accumulating evidence that psychopathology and positive mental health function along two different continua that are only moderately interrelated. However, to know what wellbeing is, understand good mental health, and enhance adaptive functioning, we need to explore and understand psychopathology, and how it affects us. The volume is divided into three conceptual sections: The Experience of Psychopathology, which is devoted to describing what it is and how it is experienced; The Effect of Psychopathology on Everyday Life, describes various effects that psychopathology has on the daily life of the sufferer; Coherence, Resilience and Recovery, which focuses on dealing with it, coping with the symptoms, and developing resilience. The chapters in this book were originally published in The Journal of Psychology.

A Relationship Among Emotional Intelligence, Stress and Suicide in Adolescents

Author : Bella Thomas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis A Relationship Among Emotional Intelligence, Stress and Suicide in Adolescents by : Bella Thomas

Download or read book A Relationship Among Emotional Intelligence, Stress and Suicide in Adolescents written by Bella Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper traces literature review of Emotional Intelligence of Adolescents and its effect on their mental health. It discusses the causes of stress that has led to suicidal thoughts and mental health issues in adolescents life. Several Emotional Intelligence training has been performed and assessed on several leaders, employees which has brought better outcome in terms of productivity and growth in individuals , teams and organisations. Very research studies have analysed the impact of emotional intelligence training on adolescents especially in India. Few of the researchers have compared Emotional Quotient of Indian students with other nations like Australia, Germany, Europe, etc. It has been identified that adolescents of India have ranked the highest in committing suicide. The collected literature reviews identifies various causes and sources of stress that has led to suicidal thoughts and action in adolescents. Stress, anxiety affects the mental health of students if not properly managed and handled. This paper ends with the concept of various emotional intelligence therapies contributed by several researchers to reduce stress and bring in positivity and happiness. Articles demonstrates that Emotional Intelligence needs to be essentially trained and introduced at an younger age to strengthen their emotional skills such that it can bring better outcome in the present and future in terms of productivity and relationship at workstation and home. Training and development of EI has generated positive outcome.

Chinese Adolescent Suicidal Ideation

Author : Lai Yuk Ching
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783838307763
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Chinese Adolescent Suicidal Ideation by : Lai Yuk Ching

Download or read book Chinese Adolescent Suicidal Ideation written by Lai Yuk Ching and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2009-08 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescent suicidal ideation appears to be an emerging social problem in Hong Kong. Previous studies have mainly focused on the impact of socio- demographic factors on adolescent suicidal ideation. However, there was a lack of a sound theoretical framework in the studies. No comprehensive and integrated study on the factors contributing to adolescent suicidal ideation in the individual, familial and social domains has been conducted. This book, therefore, provides a comprehensive and integrated theoretical framework for studying suicidal ideation among Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. The personal antecedents (emotional competence, social problem solving, hopelessness) and family antecedents (parent-adolescent communication, family functioning) of adolescent suicidal ideation are examined. The analysis should help shed some light on social work practice, particularly in enhancing adolescents' sense of hope, emotional competence and social problem solving, and in promoting parent-adolescent communication and family functioning. This should be especially useful to teachers, social workers and family counselors.

International Handbook on Giftedness

Author : Larisa Shavinina
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402061625
Total Pages : 1546 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis International Handbook on Giftedness by : Larisa Shavinina

Download or read book International Handbook on Giftedness written by Larisa Shavinina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-12 with total page 1546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook presents a panoramic view of the field of giftedness. It offers a comprehensive and authoritative account on what giftedness is, how it is measured, how it is developed, and how it affects individuals, societies, and the world as a whole. It examines in detail recent advances in gifted education. The handbook also presents the latest advances in the fast-developing areas of giftedness research and practice, such as gifted education and policy implications. In addition, coverage provides fresh ideas, from entrepreneurial giftedness to business talent, which will help galvanize and guide the study of giftedness for the next decade.

Academic Stress as a Predictor of Depression and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents, Family Environment and Self-esteem

Author : Rai Sumnima
Publisher : Mab-India
ISBN 13 : 9787956258983
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (589 download)

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Book Synopsis Academic Stress as a Predictor of Depression and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents, Family Environment and Self-esteem by : Rai Sumnima

Download or read book Academic Stress as a Predictor of Depression and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents, Family Environment and Self-esteem written by Rai Sumnima and published by Mab-India. This book was released on 2022-09-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INTRODUCTION Theoretical Background of the Study Adolescence marks a transitional period during which they experience emotional turmoil. The various stages can be divided into the early, middle, and late adolescence marked by significant changes in development as well as in behaviour. Adolescence is a period of extreme vulnerability to risk-taking behaviour due to the complex interaction of senses in context to immature and uncontrollable behavioural abilities typical in this developmental period. Apart from the hormonal changes that mark the beginning of puberty, various factors can affect the emotional status of an adolescent. During this stage, societal norms can cause high disapproval among adolescents and can give rise to risky health behaviours in them. Moreover, academic stress and peer pressure to excel can also affect their emotional well-being as peers play an important role in the emotional and social development of adolescents. Relationships also tend to shape the emotional status of adolescents. During puberty, family relationships undergo reorganization, as teens want independence. This tends to shift them to friendships and social interactions where they value the trust, support, and closeness experienced in romantic relationships. Therefore, the type of environment that family offers plays a crucial role in the emotional development of an adolescent. Therefore, emotional imbalances can make adolescents vulnerable to one of the most crippling disorders called depression. It is one of the major causes of morbidity among adolescents across the world prone to suicide ideation. Academic Stress, Family Environment and Self Esteem as Predictors of Depression and Suicide Ideation 2 Aristotle (1941) described the adolescent stage as being passionate and at the same time divulging in impulsions. Adolescence marks the development of selfcontrol and the capacity to make vital life decisions while transitioning from childhood to adulthood. Plato (1953) described adolescent boys as easily excitable and highly argumentative. Mohanty and Mohanty (1997) explained that adolescence in India is considered as a phase that is difficult to define based on a particular definition of age. Kundu and Basu (1998) have labelled this age of adolescence as being important as this is the period where there is psychological and physical development apart from continuous mental development. The age group for adolescence can be between 11 years to 18 years for females and 12 years to 18 years for males. However, there are other theorists like Mascarenhas (1999) who have classified the age of adolescence between 12 to 20 years and also adds that delayed adolescence can go up to the age of 21 years and in some cases 25 years. He further divides the period of adolescence into three stages: early adolescence falls in the age group of 10 to 12 years; middle adolescence ranges between 12 to 16 years, and late adolescence falls in the age group between 16 years to 19 years. Chandrasekhar (2000) explains adolescence as a period of anxiety and adjustment with the changes that occur at that age. Many factors like family problems and their actions may trigger them towards depression and resort to drugs as a means of escaping from depression and anxiety. Das (2000) in his article said that the term adolescence is derived from the Latin word "adolescere" which translates as "to grow". Das (2000) explains adolescence as a transition period where pubertal maturation can cause changes in the physical, cognitive, social, and intellectual development as well as in personality,

Emotional intelligence, self-compassion and academic motivation on the resiliency of adolescents with suicidal ideation

Author : Maria Niña M. Mariñas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (989 download)

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Book Synopsis Emotional intelligence, self-compassion and academic motivation on the resiliency of adolescents with suicidal ideation by : Maria Niña M. Mariñas

Download or read book Emotional intelligence, self-compassion and academic motivation on the resiliency of adolescents with suicidal ideation written by Maria Niña M. Mariñas and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk in suicide is more frequent for adolescents. This study aims to find out If emotional intelligence, self-compassion and academic motivation serve as pathways to resilience of adolescents with suicidal ideation. The study made use of both quantitative and qualitative methods of research. For the quantitative part, the descriptive-correlation was implemented. Five (5) standardized test were administered, analyzed and interpreted. The qualitative part, the phenomenological inquiry design was used. Result of the quantitative study appeared different from the previous studies, much as emotional intelligence, self-compassion and academic motivation showed insignificant results when correlated with adolescent’s resiliency, such that no regression analysis could be undertaken. Phenomenological inquiry resulted to severe family problem as primary risk factors to adolescent’s suicidal ideation. Thus, a enhanced guidance program was developed for the adolescent’s with suicidal ideation.

Emotional Status and Suicidal Ideation as a Correlate of Parental and Sibling Status Among Adolescents

Author : Chandra Puran
Publisher : Seeken
ISBN 13 : 9780362955507
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Emotional Status and Suicidal Ideation as a Correlate of Parental and Sibling Status Among Adolescents by : Chandra Puran

Download or read book Emotional Status and Suicidal Ideation as a Correlate of Parental and Sibling Status Among Adolescents written by Chandra Puran and published by Seeken. This book was released on 2022-07-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INTRODUCTION The health of the adolescents is of great importance for the future of societies. In this context, the suicide rate is a sensitive measure of psychological and social state. As a consequence, suicide has always been a topic of considerable interest in different geographical areas of the world because an examination of the suicide rate, worldwide, of young adults may reveal something of their well-being. Suicide remains such an enigma that the reasons for so many adolescents and young adults choosing to take their own life are unclear. The first act of suicide possibly happened before the beginning of written records. In order to explore the history of suicide with any understanding, one must have some conception of the prevailing taboos and attitudes toward this behavioural phenomenon. Traditionally, society's attitudes to suicide and the suicidal act divulge a wide range between a coherent one of acceptance, an irrational one of superstition and a hostile one of punishment. Realizing the gravity of the phenomenon of suicidal behaviours, the World Health Organisation (WHO) has identified suicide as an increasingly important area of public health, and has issued guidelines to member state in order to develop and implement co-ordinated, comprehensive, national and international strategies intended to halt this trend by the year 2000 (WHO, 1990). The number of suicides per 100,000 people was about 10.7 in 1998, according to the world Health Organisation. CONCEPTUAL DEFINITIONS Adolescents: Both boys and girls in the age group of 15 to 18 years were included in the study. Suicidal Ideation: Any self-reported thoughts of engaging in suicide-related behaviour. Stressful life events: In the study it refers to events or changes that happened in the adolescents' life and are perceived either positive or negative stress by the adolescents and it includes events related to family and parents, school and classes, friends and social activities. Suicidal Tendency- is the propensity for a person to have suicidal ideation or to make suicide attempts. It may also refer to suicide, crisis, suicidal ideation, Para suicides, and failed suicide attempt. Suicidal Behaviour- includes suicidal planning, suicidal attempts and completed suicide. Denotes to actions taken by one who is seeing or preparing to cause his/ her own death. Defined as an obsession or act that is attentive on causing one's own death voluntarily,

Perfectionism, Health, and Well-Being

Author : Fuschia M. Sirois
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319185829
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Perfectionism, Health, and Well-Being by : Fuschia M. Sirois

Download or read book Perfectionism, Health, and Well-Being written by Fuschia M. Sirois and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-14 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the world’s leading perfectionism researchers and theorists to present their latest findings and ideas on how and why perfectionism may confer risks or benefits for health and well-being, as well as the contexts which may shape these relationships. In addition to providing an overview of the latest research in this field, this volume explores new conceptual models that may help further our understanding of when, how, and why perfectionism may be implicated in health and well-being. After presenting an overview of the conceptual and measurement issues surrounding the concepts of perfectionism, health, and well-being, three sections address the implications of perfectionism for health and well-being. The first of these sections provides an overview of research and theory on the role of perfectionism in health and illness, health behaviors, and chronic illness. The next section of the book focuses on the cognitive and affective underpinnings of perfectionism as they relate to psychopathology, distress, and well-being, including how it applies to eating disorders, depression, and anxiety. The final section of the book explores specific contexts and how they may contour the associations of perfectionism with health and well-being, such as in the domains of interpersonal relationships, academic pursuits, and work-related settings. Perfectionism and wellbeing is a topic not just for researchers and scholars, but clinicians and practitioners as well. For this reason, chapters also include a discussion of prevention and treatment issues surrounding perfectionism where relevant. By doing so, this volume is an important resource for not only researchers, but also for those who may wish to use it in applied and clinical settings. By presenting the latest theory and research on perfectionism, health, and well-being with a translational focus, Perfectionism, Health, and Well-Being makes a unique and significant contribution to perfectionism as well as general wellness literature, and highlights the need to address the burden of perfectionism for health and well-being. .

The Interpersonal Theory of Suicide

Author : Thomas E. Joiner
Publisher : American Psychological Association (APA)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Interpersonal Theory of Suicide by : Thomas E. Joiner

Download or read book The Interpersonal Theory of Suicide written by Thomas E. Joiner and published by American Psychological Association (APA). This book was released on 2009 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a theoretical framework for diagnosis and risk assessment of a patient's entry into the world of suicidality, and for the creation of preventive and public-health campaigns aimed at the disorder. The book also provides clinical guidelines for crisis intervention and therapeutic alliances in psychotherapy and suicide prevention.

The Development of the High Ability Child

Author : Erin M. Miller
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000487660
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Development of the High Ability Child by : Erin M. Miller

Download or read book The Development of the High Ability Child written by Erin M. Miller and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-22 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This valuable text will help readers to understand the physical, social, and cognitive development of high ability children. Written by experts in the fields of education and psychology, each chapter applies core principles of psychology to the development of gifted and talented children. Through the content, readers will be shown how these children are like all children as well as the ways in which their development is unique. Covering the psychology of learning and learners, personality differences, language and physical development, problem solving, and motivation of high ability children, this book provides readers with a strong foundation for supporting and developing advanced learners. The text also includes Field Notes and Eye for Diversity sections to enable readers to put into practice, and recognize, important issues being discussed. Throughout, the editors blend discussions of research with practical advice for individuals charged with nurturing children with advanced cognitive potential. It is an essential read for students, counsellors, administrators, therapists, and parents seeking to support high ability children and their needs.

The Psychology of Perfectionism

Author : Joachim Stoeber
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315536234
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (155 download)

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Book Synopsis The Psychology of Perfectionism by : Joachim Stoeber

Download or read book The Psychology of Perfectionism written by Joachim Stoeber and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-08-22 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This milestone text provides a comprehensive and state-of-the art overview of perfectionism theory, research, and treatment from the past 25 years, with contributions from the leading researchers in the field. The book examines new theories and perspectives including the social disconnection model of perfectionism and the 2 × 2 model of perfectionism. It also reviews empirical findings, with a special focus on stress, vulnerability, and resilience, and examines perfectionism in specific populations. Finally, it considers how perfectionism relates to physical health and psychophysiological processes and introduces new approaches to effective prevention and treatment. By increasing our understanding of perfectionism as a complex personality disposition and providing a framework for future explorations, this landmark publication aims to promote further research in this field. It will be invaluable reading for academics, students, and professionals in personality psychology, clinical and counseling psychology, applied psychology, and related disciplines.

The Emotion Self-confidence Model of Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents

Author : Stephanie Tamsin Deeley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 570 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (858 download)

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Book Synopsis The Emotion Self-confidence Model of Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents by : Stephanie Tamsin Deeley

Download or read book The Emotion Self-confidence Model of Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents written by Stephanie Tamsin Deeley and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emotion self-confidence model of suicidal ideation (ESC-SI Model) was developed to explain the progression from negative emotionality into suicidal ideation. Structured within Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) Stress-Coping framework, and drawing on Baumeister's (1990, 1993) theory of suicide as "escape from self," the model proposes that the extent to which an individual believes he/she can cope with or change negative emotionality (emotion self-confidence appraisals) will influence the coping response of suicidal ideation. The key hypothesis was that, in the context of strong negative emotionality, low emotion self-confidence would be associated with ideas of suicide. Three studies were conducted in adolescent samples. Study 1 (N = 136) was by questionnaire. Here, emotion self-confidence contributed unique variance beyond that of negative emotionality in explaining suicidal ideation. Study 2 replicated the patterns of relationships when participants were followed up 3 years later. This longitudinal study showed negative emotionality to be somewhat variable, emotion self-confidence highly stable, and suicidal ideation highly variable, over time. Study 3 examined the model at a state level within specific negative emotional experiences. In a quasi-experimental design involving 33 participants, 21 experiences involving suicidal ideation were contrasted with 27 experiences without. As hypothesised, emotion self-confidence proved slightly lower and hopelessness higher in experiences with suicidal ideation. Moreover, qualitative analysis revealed that for most participants the primary motivation for contemplating suicide was a desire to escape. Though additional factors are needed to explain suicidal ideation fully, overall, these 3 studies supported the ESC-SI Model. Future research should replicate the results using alternative, improved, methodologies and extend the model to incorporate other relevant belief systems.