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Self Deception And Paradoxes Of Rationality
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Book Synopsis Self-deception and Paradoxes of Rationality by : Jean Pierre Dupuy
Download or read book Self-deception and Paradoxes of Rationality written by Jean Pierre Dupuy and published by Stanford Univ Center for the Study. This book was released on 1998-01 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text considers how self-deception is one of the topics that lends itself best to the task of exploring the possibilities of cross-fertilization between continental philosophy and analytic philosophy. One of the objectives of the text is to show that bridges can be thrown over the gap between the two traditions, but also that both of them make self-deception too intrapsychic and suffer from a serious individualistic bias.
Book Synopsis Problems of Rationality by : Donald Davidson
Download or read book Problems of Rationality written by Donald Davidson and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 2004-03-25 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problems of Rationality is the eagerly awaited fourth volume of Donald Davidson's philosophical writings. From the 1960s until his death in August 2003 Davidson was perhaps the most influential figure in English-language philosophy, and his work has had a profound effect upon the discipline. His unified theory of the interpretation of thought, meaning, and action holds that rationality is a necessary condition for both mind and interpretation. Davidson here develops this theory to illuminate value judgements and how we understand them; to investigate what the conditions are for attributing mental states to an object or creature; and to grapple with the problems presented by thoughts and actions which seem to be irrational. Anyone working on knowledge, mind, and language will find these essays essential reading.
Book Synopsis Self-Deception Unmasked by : Alfred R. Mele
Download or read book Self-Deception Unmasked written by Alfred R. Mele and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-deception raises complex questions about the nature of belief and the structure of the human mind. In this book, Alfred Mele addresses four of the most critical of these questions: What is it to deceive oneself? How do we deceive ourselves? Why do we deceive ourselves? Is self-deception really possible? Drawing on cutting-edge empirical research on everyday reasoning and biases, Mele takes issue with commonplace attempts to equate the processes of self-deception with those of stereotypical interpersonal deception. Such attempts, he demonstrates, are fundamentally misguided, particularly in the assumption that self-deception is intentional. In their place, Mele proposes a compelling, empirically informed account of the motivational causes of biased beliefs. At the heart of this theory is an appreciation of how emotion and motivation may, without our knowing it, bias our assessment of evidence for beliefs. Highlighting motivation and emotion, Mele develops a pair of approaches for explaining the two forms of self-deception: the "straight" form, in which we believe what we want to be true, and the "twisted" form, in which we believe what we wish to be false. Underlying Mele's work is an abiding interest in understanding and explaining the behavior of real human beings. The result is a comprehensive, elegant, empirically grounded theory of everyday self-deception that should engage philosophers and social scientists alike.
Book Synopsis Rationality and Power by : Bent Flyvbjerg
Download or read book Rationality and Power written by Bent Flyvbjerg and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1998-02-28 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Enlightenment tradition, rationality is considered well-defined. However, the author of this study argues that rationality is context-dependent, and that the crucial context is determined by decision-makers' political power. He uses a real-world Danish project to illustrate this theory.
Book Synopsis Self-Deception's Puzzles and Processes by : Jason Kido Lopez
Download or read book Self-Deception's Puzzles and Processes written by Jason Kido Lopez and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2016-08-16 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contemporary literature on self-deception was born out of Jean-Paul Sartre’s work on bad faith—lying to oneself. As time has progressed, the conception of self-deception has moved further and further away from Sartre’s conception of bad faith. In Self-Deception’s Puzzles and Processes: A Return to a Sartrean View, Jason Kido Lopez argues that this departure is a mistake and that we should return to thinking about self-deception in a Sartrean fashion, in which we are self-deceived when we intentionally use the strategies and methods of interpersonal deception on ourselves. Since literally tricking ourselves cannot work—we will always see through our own self-deception, after all—self-deception merely consists of the attempt to trick ourselves in this way. Other scholars have rejected this notion of self-deception historically, dismissing it as paradoxical. Lopez argues first that it isn’t paradoxical, and he further suggests that moving away from this notion of self-deception has caused the contemporary literature on the topic to be littered with disparate and conflicting theories. Indeed, there are a great many ways to avoid the allegedly paradoxical Sartrean notion of self-deception, and the resulting plethora of accounts lead to a fragmented picture of self-deception. If, however, the Sartrean view isn’t paradoxical, then there was no need for the host of contradictory theories and most researchers on self-deception have missed what was originally so intriguing about self-deception: that it, like bad faith, is the process of literally trying to trick oneself into believing what is false or unwarranted. Self-Deception’s Puzzles and Processes will be of great interest to students and scholars of epistemology, philosophy of mind, psychology, and continental philosophy, and to anyone else interested in the problems of self-deception.
Book Synopsis Founding Psychoanalysis Phenomenologically by : Dieter Lohmar
Download or read book Founding Psychoanalysis Phenomenologically written by Dieter Lohmar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-12 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present anthology seeks to give an overview of the different approaches to establish a relation between phenomenology and psychoanalysis, primarily from the viewpoint of current phenomenological research. Already during the lifetimes of the two disciplines' founders, Edmund Husserl (1859 - 1938) and Sigmund Freud (1856 – 1939), phenomenological and phenomenologically inspired authors were advancing psychoanalytic theses. For both traditions, the Second World War presented a painful and devastating disruption of their development and mutual exchange. During the postwar period, phenomenologists, especially in France, revisited psychoanalytic topics. Thus, in the so-called second generation of phenomenology there developed an intensive reception of the psychoanalytic tradition, one that finds its expression even today in current hermeneutic, postmodern and poststructuralist conceptions. But also in more recent phenomenological research we find projects concentrated systematically on psychoanalysis and its theses. In this context, the status of psychoanalysis as a science of human experience is discussed anew, now approached on the ‘first person’ basis of a phenomenological understanding of subjective experience. In such approaches, phenomena like incorporation, phantasy, emotion and the unconscious are discussed afresh. These topics, important for modern phenomenology as well as for psychoanalysis, are examined in the context of the constitution of the human person as well as of our intersubjective world. The analyses are also interdisciplinary, making use of connections with modern medicine, psychiatry and psychotherapy. The systematic investigations are enriched by historical analysis and research in the internal development of the disciplines involved. The volume presents recent work of internationally recognized researchers – phenomenologically oriented philosophers, psychoanalysts and psychotherapists – who work in the common field of the two disciplines. The editors hope that this selection will encourage further systematic collaboration between phenomenology and psychoanalysis
Book Synopsis Blaise Pascal on Duplicity, Sin, and the Fall by : William Wood
Download or read book Blaise Pascal on Duplicity, Sin, and the Fall written by William Wood and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blaise Pascal's account of the cognitive consequences of the Fall is clearly set out by William Wood in the first book on Pascal's theology to appear in English in more than forty years. Wood's central claim is that for Pascal, the Fall is a fall into duplicity. Pascal holds that as fallen selves in a fallen world, human beings have an innate aversion to the truth that is also, at the same time, an aversion to God. According to Pascal, we are born into a duplicitous world that shapes us into duplicitous subjects, and so we find it easy to reject God continually and deceive ourselves about our own sinfulness. Pascal's account of the noetic effects of sin has long been overlooked by theologians, but it is both traditional and innovative. It is robustly Augustinian, with a strong emphasis on the fallen will, the darkened intellect, and the fundamental sin of pride. Yet it also embraces a view of subjectivity that seems strikingly contemporary. For Pascal, the self is a fiction, constructed from without by an already duplicitous world. The human subject is habituated to deception because it is the essential glue that holds his world together. This book offers more than just a novel interpretation of Pascal's Pensées. Wood demonstrates, by exegetical argument and constructive example, that 'Pascalian' theology is both possible and fruitful.
Book Synopsis The Self-deceiving Muse by : Alan Singer
Download or read book The Self-deceiving Muse written by Alan Singer and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Focuses on the phenomenon of self-deception, and proposes a radical revision of our commonplace understanding of it as a token of irrationality. Argues that self-deception can illuminate the rationalistic functions of character"--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis Conversations on Human Action and Practical Rationality by : Susana Cadilha
Download or read book Conversations on Human Action and Practical Rationality written by Susana Cadilha and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2013-07-16 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together leading scholars in the study of practical rationality and human action – namely, Alfred Mele, Hugh McCann, Michael Bratman, George Ainslie, Daniel Hausman and Joshua Knobe. They were interviewed by the editors in a project based at the Institute of Philosophy of the University of Porto structured around the questions: 1) In your view, what are the most central (or important) problems in the philosophy of action? 2) For some or all of the following – action, agency, agent – what do they contrast with most significantly? 3) Which of these are liable to be rational/irrational? 4) In what sense is the thing to do to be decided by what is rational? Are there limits of rationality? 5) What explains action, and how? What is the role of deliberation in rationality? 6) How is akrasia possible (if you think it is)? 7) How do you think your own work has contributed to the field? What are your plans for future research? The outcome is of great interest, not only for philosophers, but also for economists, psychologists, political scientists and sociologists.
Book Synopsis Practical Rules by : Alan H. Goldman
Download or read book Practical Rules written by Alan H. Goldman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-09-06 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rules proliferate; some are kept with a bureaucratic stringency bordering on the absurd, while others are manipulated and ignored in ways that injure our sense of justice. Under what conditions should we make exceptions to rules, and when should they be followed despite particular circumstances? The two dominant models in the literature on rules are the particularist account and that which sees the application of rules as normative. Taking a position that falls between these two extremes, Alan Goldman provides a systematic framework to clarify when we need to follow rules in our moral, legal and prudential decisions, and when we ought not to do so. The book distinguishes among various types of rules; it illuminates concepts such as integrity, self-interest and self-deception; and finally, it provides an account of ordinary moral reasoning without rules. This book will be of great interest to advanced students and professionals working in philosophy, law, decision theory and the social sciences.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Mind by : Brian McLaughlin
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Mind written by Brian McLaughlin and published by Oxford University Press (UK). This book was released on 2009-01-15 with total page 833 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most authoritative and comprehensive guide ever published to the state of the art in philosophy of mind, a flourishing area of research. An outstanding team of contributors offer 45 new critical surveys of a wide range of topics.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Rationality by : Alfred R. Mele
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Rationality written by Alfred R. Mele and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-08 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rationality has long been a central topic in philosophy, crossing standard divisions and categories. It continues to attract much attention in published research and teaching by philosophers as well as scholars in other disciplines, including economics, psychology, and law. The Oxford Handbook of Rationality is an indispensable reference to the current state of play in this vital and interdisciplinary area of study. Twenty-two newly commissioned chapters by a roster of distinguished philosophers provide an overview of the prominent views on rationality, with each author also developing a unique and distinctive argument.
Book Synopsis Self-Deception by : Herbert Fingarette
Download or read book Self-Deception written by Herbert Fingarette and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2000-02-23 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a new chapter This new edition of Herbert Fingarette's classic study in philosophical psychology now includes a provocative recent essay on the topic by the author. A seminal work, the book has deeply influenced the fields of philosophy, ethics, psychology, and cognitive science, and it remains an important focal point for the large body of literature on self-deception that has appeared since its publication. How can one deceive oneself if the very idea of deception implies that the deceiver knows the truth? The resolution of this paradox leads Fingarette to fundamental insights into the mind at work. He questions our basic ideas of self and the unconscious, personal responsibility and our ethical categories of guilt and innocence. Fingarette applies these ideas to the philosophies of Sartre and Kierkegaard, as well as to Freud's psychoanalytic theories and to contemporary research into neurosurgery. Included in this new edition, Fingarette's most recent essay, "Self-Deception Needs No Explaining (1998)," challenges the ideas in the extant literature.
Book Synopsis Beyond Legal Reasoning: a Critique of Pure Lawyering by : Jeffrey Lipshaw
Download or read book Beyond Legal Reasoning: a Critique of Pure Lawyering written by Jeffrey Lipshaw and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of learning to ‘think like a lawyer’ is one of the cornerstones of legal education in the United States and beyond. In this book, Jeffrey Lipshaw provides a critique of the traditional views of ‘thinking like a lawyer’ or ‘pure lawyering’ aimed at lawyers, law professors, and students who want to understand lawyering beyond the traditional warrior metaphor. Drawing on his extensive experience at the intersection of real world law and business issues, Professor Lipshaw presents a sophisticated philosophical argument that the "pure lawyering" of traditional legal education is agnostic to either truth or moral value of outcomes. He demonstrates pure lawyering’s potential both for illusions of certainty and cynical instrumentalism, and the consequences of both when lawyers are called on as dealmakers, policymakers, and counsellors. This book offers an avenue for getting beyond (or unlearning) merely how to think like a lawyer. It combines legal theory, philosophy of knowledge, and doctrine with an appreciation of real-life judgment calls that multi-disciplinary lawyers are called upon to make. The book will be of great interest to scholars of legal education, legal language and reasoning as well as professors who teach both doctrine and thinking and writing skills in the first year law school curriculum; and for anyone who is interested in seeking a perspective on ‘thinking like a lawyer’ beyond the litigation arena.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Lying by : Jörg Meibauer
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Lying written by Jörg Meibauer and published by Oxford Handbooks. This book was released on 2019 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook brings together past and current research on all aspects of lying and deception, from the combined perspectives of linguistics, philosophy, and psychology. It will be an essential reference for students and researchers in these fields and will contribute to establishing the vibrant new field of interdisciplinary lying research.
Download or read book Say Not to Say written by Luigi Anolli and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text explores the major ways in which miscommunication can be experienced in our daily life.
Download or read book Fiction's Present written by R. M. Berry and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2015-05-11 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining creative and critical responses from some of today's most progressive and innovative novelists, critics, and theorists, Fiction's Present adventurously engages the aesthetic, political, philosophical, and cultural dimensions of contemporary fiction. By juxtaposing scholarly articles with essays by practicing novelists, the book takes up not only the current state of literature and its criticism but also connections between contemporary philosophy and contemporary fiction. In doing so, the contributors aim to provoke further discussion of the present inflection of fiction—a present that can be seen as Janus-faced, looking both forward to the novel's radically changed, political, economic, and technological circumstances, and back to its history of achievements and problems. Editors R. M. Berry and Jeffrey R. Di Leo contend that examinations of fiction's present are most informative not when they defend philosophical distinctions or develop literary classifications, but when they grapple with elusive topics such as the meaning of a narrative present or the relation of fiction's medium to its representations of context. As the essays reveal, this process, when pursued diligently, breaks down traditional divisions of academic and intellectual labor, compelling the fiction writer to become more philosophical and the theorist to become more imaginative. The value of this book is not in the exhaustiveness of its treatment, but rather in the seriousness of the criticism it incites. The present materializes in quarrel, and it is toward such a beginning that the writings in Fiction's Present work.
