Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Seismic Assessment And Retrofit Of Reinforced Concrete Columns
Download Seismic Assessment And Retrofit Of Reinforced Concrete Columns full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Seismic Assessment And Retrofit Of Reinforced Concrete Columns ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author :Konstantinos G. Megalooikonomou Publisher :Cambridge Scholars Publishing ISBN 13 :9781527527850 Total Pages :387 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (278 download)
Book Synopsis Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Columns by : Konstantinos G. Megalooikonomou
Download or read book Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Columns written by Konstantinos G. Megalooikonomou and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2019-05 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reinforced concrete columns play a very important role in structural performance. As such, it is essential to apply a suitable analytical tool to estimate their structural behaviour considering all failure mechanisms such as axial, shear, and flexural failures. This book highlights the development of a fiber beam-column element accounting for shear effects and the effect of tension stiffening through reinforcement-to-concrete bond, along with the employment of suitable constitutive material laws.
Author :fib Fédération internationale du béton Publisher :fib Fédération internationale du béton ISBN 13 :9782883940642 Total Pages :322 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (46 download)
Book Synopsis Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Buildings by : fib Fédération internationale du béton
Download or read book Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Buildings written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and published by fib Fédération internationale du béton. This book was released on 2003-08-01 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most parts of the developed world, the building stock and the civil infrastructure are ageing and in constant need of maintenance, repair and upgrading. Moreover, in the light of our current knowledge and of modern codes, the majority of buildings stock and other types of structures in many parts of the world are substandard and deficient. This is especially so in earthquake-prone regions, as, even there, seismic design of structures is relatively recent. In those regions the major part of the seismic threat to human life and property comes from old buildings. Due to the infrastructure's increasing decay, frequently combined with the need for structural upgrading to meet more stringent design requirements (especially against seismic loads), structural retrofitting is becoming more and more important and receives today considerable emphasis throughout the world. In response to this need, a major part of the fib Model Code 2005, currently under development, is being devoted to structural conservation and maintenance. More importantly, in recognition of the importance of the seismic threat arising from existing substandard buildings, the first standards for structural upgrading to be promoted by the international engineering community and by regulatory authorities alike are for seismic rehabilitation of buildings. This is the case, for example, of Part 3: Strengthening and Repair of Buildings of Eurocode 8 (i. e. of the draft European Standard for earthquake-resistant design), and which is the only one among the current (2003) set of 58 Eurocodes attempting to address the problem of structural upgrading. It is also the case of the recent (2001) ASCE draft standard on Seismic evaluation of existing buildings and of the 1996 Law for promotion of seismic strengthening of existing reinforced concrete structures in Japan. As noted in Chapter 1 of this Bulletin, fib - as CEB and FIP did before - has placed considerable emphasis on assessment and rehabilitation of existing structures. The present Bulletin is a culmination of this effort in the special but very important field of seismic assessment and rehabilitation. It has been elaborated over a period of 4 years by Task Group 7.1 Assessment and retrofit of existing structures of fib Commission 7 Seismic design, a truly international team of experts, representing the expertise and experience of all the important seismic regions of the world. In the course of its work the team had six plenary two-day meetings: in January 1999 in Pavia, Italy; in August 1999 in Raleigh, North Carolina; in February 2000 in Queenstown, New Zealand; in July 2000 in Patras, Greece; in March 2001 in Lausanne, Switzerland; and in August 2001 in Seattle, Washington. In October 2002 the final draft of the Bulletin was presented to public during the 1st fib Congress in Osaka. It was also there that it was approved by fib Commission 7 Seismic Design. The contents is structured into main chapters as follows: 1 Introduction - 2 Performance objectives and system considerations - 3 Review of seismic assessment procedures - 4 Strength and deformation capacity of non-seismically detailed components - 5 Seismic retrofitting techniques - 6 Probabilistic concepts and methods - 7 Case studies
Author :Konstantinos G. Megalooikonomou Publisher :Cambridge Scholars Publishing ISBN 13 :1527530361 Total Pages :387 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (275 download)
Book Synopsis Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Columns by : Konstantinos G. Megalooikonomou
Download or read book Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Columns written by Konstantinos G. Megalooikonomou and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2019-02-27 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reinforced concrete columns play a very important role in structural performance. As such, it is essential to apply a suitable analytical tool to estimate their structural behaviour considering all failure mechanisms such as axial, shear, and flexural failures. This book highlights the development of a fiber beam-column element accounting for shear effects and the effect of tension stiffening through reinforcement-to-concrete bond, along with the employment of suitable constitutive material laws.
Book Synopsis ASCE Standard, ASCE/SEI, 41-17, Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings by : American Society of Civil Engineers
Download or read book ASCE Standard, ASCE/SEI, 41-17, Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings written by American Society of Civil Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standard ASCE/SEI 41-17 describes deficiency-based and systematic procedures that use performance-based principles to evaluate and retrofit existing buildings to withstand the effects of earthquakes.
Book Synopsis Strengthening and Retrofitting of Existing Structures by : Aníbal Costa
Download or read book Strengthening and Retrofitting of Existing Structures written by Aníbal Costa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the fundamentals of strengthening and retrofitting approaches, solutions and technologies for existing structures. It addresses in detail specific techniques for the strengthening of traditional constructions, reinforced concrete buildings, bridges and their foundations. Finally, it discusses issues related to standards and economic decision support tools for retrofitting.
Book Synopsis Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings by : S. Tanvir Wasti
Download or read book Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings written by S. Tanvir Wasti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume contains a total of 23 papers centred on the research area of Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings. This subject also forms the core of Project SfP977231, sponsored by the NATO Science for Peace Office and supported by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey [ TUBIT AK ]. Most of these papers were presented by the authors at a NATO Science for Peace Workshop held in Izmir on 13 - 14 May, 2003 and reflect a part of their latest work conducted within the general confines of the title of the NATO Project. Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey serves as the hub of Project SfP977231 and coordinates research under the project with universities within Turkey, e. g. Istanbul Technical University and Kocaeli University, and with partner institutions in Greece and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: A few articles have also been contributed by invited experts, who are all noted researchers in the field. Altogether, the contents of the volume deal with a vast array of problems in Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation and cover a wide range of possible solutions, techniques and proposals. It is intended to touch upon many of these aspects separately below. Earthquakes constitute possibly the most widely spread and also the most feared of natural hazards. Recent earthquakes within the first six months of 2003, such as the Bingol Earthquake in Turkey and the Algerian earthquake, have caused both loss of life and severe damage to property.
Book Synopsis Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges by : M. J. N. Priestley
Download or read book Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges written by M. J. N. Priestley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-04-12 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of their structural simplicity, bridges tend to beparticularly vulnerable to damage and even collapse when subjectedto earthquakes or other forms of seismic activity. Recentearthquakes, such as the ones in Kobe, Japan, and Oakland,California, have led to a heightened awareness of seismic risk andhave revolutionized bridge design and retrofit philosophies. In Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges, three of the world's topauthorities on the subject have collaborated to produce the mostexhaustive reference on seismic bridge design currently available.Following a detailed examination of the seismic effects of actualearthquakes on local area bridges, the authors demonstrate designstrategies that will make these and similar structures optimallyresistant to the damaging effects of future seismicdisturbances. Relying heavily on worldwide research associated with recentquakes, Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges begins with anin-depth treatment of seismic design philosophy as it applies tobridges. The authors then describe the various geotechnicalconsiderations specific to bridge design, such as soil-structureinteraction and traveling wave effects. Subsequent chapters coverconceptual and actual design of various bridge superstructures, andmodeling and analysis of these structures. As the basis for their design strategies, the authors' focus is onthe widely accepted capacity design approach, in which particularlyvulnerable locations of potentially inelastic flexural deformationare identified and strengthened to accommodate a greater degree ofstress. The text illustrates how accurate application of thecapacity design philosophy to the design of new bridges results instructures that can be expected to survive most earthquakes withonly minor, repairable damage. Because the majority of today's bridges were built before thecapacity design approach was understood, the authors also devoteseveral chapters to the seismic assessment of existing bridges,with the aim of designing and implementing retrofit measures toprotect them against the damaging effects of future earthquakes.These retrofitting techniques, though not considered appropriate inthe design of new bridges, are given considerable emphasis, sincethey currently offer the best solution for the preservation ofthese vital and often historically valued thoroughfares. Practical and applications-oriented, Seismic Design and Retrofit ofBridges is enhanced with over 300 photos and line drawings toillustrate key concepts and detailed design procedures. As the onlytext currently available on the vital topic of seismic bridgedesign, it provides an indispensable reference for civil,structural, and geotechnical engineers, as well as students inrelated engineering courses. A state-of-the-art text on earthquake-proof design and retrofit ofbridges Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges fills the urgent need for acomprehensive and up-to-date text on seismic-ally resistant bridgedesign. The authors, all recognized leaders in the field,systematically cover all aspects of bridge design related toseismic resistance for both new and existing bridges. * A complete overview of current design philosophy for bridges,with related seismic and geotechnical considerations * Coverage of conceptual design constraints and their relationshipto current design alternatives * Modeling and analysis of bridge structures * An exhaustive look at common building materials and theirresponse to seismic activity * A hands-on approach to the capacity design process * Use of isolation and dissipation devices in bridge design * Important coverage of seismic assessment and retrofit design ofexisting bridges
Book Synopsis Seismic Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Structures by : Alper Ilki
Download or read book Seismic Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Structures written by Alper Ilki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, facilities considered to be at the end of their useful life were demolished and replaced with new ones that better met the functional requirements of modern society, including new safety standards. Humankind has recently recognised the threats to the environment and to our limited natural resources due to our relentless determination to destroy the old and build anew. With the awareness of these constraints and the emphasis on sustainability, in future the majority of old structures will be retrofitted to extend their service life as long as feasible. In keeping with this new approach, the EU’s Construction Products Regulation 305/2011, which is the basis of the Eurocodes, included the sustainable use of resources as an "Essential Requirement" for construction. So, the forthcoming second generation of EN-Eurocodes will cover not only the design of new structures, but the rehabilitation of existing ones as well. Most of the existing building stock and civil infrastructures are seismically deficient. When the time comes for a decision to prolong their service life with the help of structural and architectural upgrading, seismic retrofitting may be needed. Further, it is often decided to enhance the earthquake resistance of facilities that still meet their functional requirements and fulfil their purpose, if they are not earthquake-safe. In order to decide how badly a structure needs seismic upgrading or to prioritise it in a population of structures, a seismic evaluation is needed, which also serves as a guide for the extent and type of strengthening. Seismic codes do not sufficiently cover the delicate phase of seismic evaluation nor the many potential technical options for seismic upgrading; therefore research is on-going and the state-of-the-art is constantly evolving. All the more so as seismic evaluation and rehabilitation demand considerable expertise, to make best use of the available safety margins in the existing structure, to adapt the engineering capabilities and techniques at hand to the particularities of a project, to minimise disruption of use, etc. Further, as old structures are very diverse in terms of their materials and layout, seismic retrofitting does not lend itself to straightforward codified procedures or cook-book approaches. As such, seismic evaluation and rehabilitation need the best that the current state-of-the-art can offer on all aspects of earthquake engineering. This volume serves this need, as it gathers the most recent research of top seismic experts from around the world on seismic evaluation, retrofitting and closely related subjects.
Download or read book EASEC16 written by Chien Ming Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-22 with total page 2093 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents articles from The 16th East Asian-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, 2019, held in Brisbane, Australia. It provides a forum for professional engineers, academics, researchers and contractors to present recent research and developments in structural engineering and construction.
Book Synopsis Reducing the Seismic Vulnerability of Existing Buildings Assessment and Retrofit by : Tiago Miguel Ferreira
Download or read book Reducing the Seismic Vulnerability of Existing Buildings Assessment and Retrofit written by Tiago Miguel Ferreira and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-31 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Reducing the Seismic Vulnerability of Existing Buildings: Assessment and Retrofit that was published in Buildings
Book Synopsis Seismic Retrofit of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings by : Stelios Antoniou
Download or read book Seismic Retrofit of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings written by Stelios Antoniou and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-01-31 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seismic Retrofit of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings Understand the complexities and challenges of retrofitting building infrastructure Across the world, buildings are gradually becoming structurally unsound. Many were constructed before seismic load capacity was a mandatory component of building standards, and were often built with low-quality materials or using unsafe construction practices. Many more are simply aging, with materials degrading, and steel corroding. As a result, efforts are ongoing to retrofit existing structures, and to develop new techniques for assessing and enhancing seismic load capacity in order to create a safer building infrastructure worldwide. Seismic Retrofit of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings provides a thorough book-length discussion of these techniques and their applications. Balancing theory and practice, the book provides engineers with a broad base of knowledge from which to approach real-world seismic assessments and retrofitting projects. It incorporates knowledge and experience frequently omitted from the building design process for a fuller account of this critical engineering subfield. Seismic Retrofit of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings readers will also find: Detailed treatment of each available strengthening technique, complete with advantages and disadvantages In-depth guidelines to select a specific technique for a given building type and/or engineering scenario Step-by-step guidance through the assessment/retrofitting process Seismic Retrofit of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings is an ideal reference for civil and structural engineering professionals and advanced students, particularly those working in seismically active areas.
Book Synopsis Seismic Risk Assessment and Retrofitting by : Alper Ilki
Download or read book Seismic Risk Assessment and Retrofitting written by Alper Ilki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-03 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many more people are coming to live in earthquake-prone areas, especially urban ones. Many such areas contain low-rise, low-cost housing, while little money is available to retrofit the buildings to avoid total collapse and thus potentially save lives. The lack of money, especially in developing countries, is exacerbated by difficulties with administration, implementation and public awareness. The future of modern earthquake engineering will come to be dominated by new kinds of measuring technologies, new materials developed especially for low-rise, low-cost buildings, simpler and thus lower cost options for retrofitting, cost cutting and raising public awareness. The book covers all the areas involved in this complex issue, from the prevention of total building collapse, through improvement techniques, to legal, financial, taxation and social issues. The contributors have all made valuable contributions in their own particular fields; all of them are or have been closely involved with the issues that can arise in seismic zones in any country. The recent research results published here offer invaluable pointers to practicing engineers and administrators, as well as other scientists whose work involves saving the lives and property of the many millions of people who live and work in hazardous buildings.
Book Synopsis Seismic Design, Assessment and Retrofitting of Concrete Buildings by : Michael N. Fardis
Download or read book Seismic Design, Assessment and Retrofitting of Concrete Buildings written by Michael N. Fardis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-25 with total page 757 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting the historic first European seismic code, this professional book focuses on seismic design, assessment and retrofitting of concrete buildings, with thorough reference to, and application of, EN-Eurocode 8. Following the publication of EN-Eurocode 8 in 2004-05, 30 countries are now introducing this European standard for seismic design, for application in parallel with existing national standards (till March 2010) and exclusively after that. Eurocode 8 is also expected to influence standards in countries outside Europe, or at the least, to be applied there for important facilities. Owing to the increasing awareness of the threat posed by existing buildings substandard and deficient buildings and the lack of national or international standards for assessment and retrofitting, its impact in that field is expected to be major. Written by the lead person in the development of the EN-Eurocode 8, the present handbook explains the principles and rationale of seismic design according to modern codes and provides thorough guidance for the conceptual seismic design of concrete buildings and their foundations. It examines the experimental behaviour of concrete members under cyclic loading and modelling for design and analysis purposes; it develops the essentials of linear or nonlinear seismic analysis for the purposes of design, assessment and retrofitting (especially using Eurocode 8); and gives detailed guidance for modelling concrete buildings at the member and at the system level. Moreover, readers gain access to overviews of provisions of Eurocode 8, plus an understanding for them on the basis of the simple models of the element behaviour presented in the book. Also examined are the modern trends in performance- and displacement-based seismic assessment of existing buildings, comparing the relevant provisions of Eurocode 8 with those of new US prestandards, and details of the most common and popular seismic retrofitting techniques for concrete buildings and guidance for retrofitting strategies at the system level. Comprehensive walk-through examples of detailed design elucidate the application of Eurocode 8 to common situations in practical design. Examples and case studies of seismic assessment and retrofitting of a few real buildings are also presented. From the reviews: "This is a massive book that has no equal in the published literature, as far as the reviewer knows. It is dense and comprehensive and leaves nothing to chance. It is certainly taxing on the reader and the potential user, but without it, use of Eurocode 8 will be that much more difficult. In short, this is a must-read book for researchers and practitioners in Europe, and of use to readers outside of Europe too. This book will remain an indispensable backup to Eurocode 8 and its existing Designers’ Guide to EN 1998-1 and EN 1998-5 (published in 2005), for many years to come. Congratulations to the author for a very well planned scope and contents, and for a flawless execution of the plan". AMR S. ELNASHAI "The book is an impressive source of information to understand the response of reinforced concrete buildings under seismic loads with the ultimate goal of presenting and explaining the state of the art of seismic design. Underlying the contents of the book is the in-depth knowledge of the author in this field and in particular his extremely important contribution to the development of the European Design Standard EN 1998 - Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance. However, although Eurocode 8 is at the core of the book, many comparisons are made to other design practices, namely from the US and from Japan, thus enriching the contents and interest of the book". EDUARDO C. CARVALHO
Book Synopsis Performance-Based Seismic Design of Concrete Structures and Infrastructures by : Plevris, Vagelis
Download or read book Performance-Based Seismic Design of Concrete Structures and Infrastructures written by Plevris, Vagelis and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-02-14 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid design and craftsmanship are a necessity for structures and infrastructures that must stand up to natural disasters on a regular basis. Continuous research developments in the engineering field are imperative for sustaining buildings against the threat of earthquakes and other natural disasters. Performance-Based Seismic Design of Concrete Structures and Infrastructures is an informative reference source on all the latest trends and emerging data associated with structural design. Highlighting key topics such as seismic assessments, shear wall structures, and infrastructure resilience, this is an ideal resource for all academicians, students, professionals, and researchers that are seeking new knowledge on the best methods and techniques for designing solid structural designs.
Book Synopsis Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for Potential Seismic Hazards: Supporting Documentation by :
Download or read book Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for Potential Seismic Hazards: Supporting Documentation written by and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2015 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) handbook can be used by trained personnel to identify, inventory, and screen buildings that are potentially seismically vulnerable. The RVS procedure comprises a method and several forms that help users to quickly identify, inventory, and score buildings according to their risk of collapse if hit by major earthquakes. The RVS handbook describes how to identify the structural type and key weakness characteristics, how to complete the screening forms, and how to manage a successful RVS program.
Book Synopsis Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings by : Jack Moehle
Download or read book Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings written by Jack Moehle and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2014-10-06 with total page 783 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complete coverage of earthquake-resistant concrete building design Written by a renowned seismic engineering expert, this authoritative resource discusses the theory and practice for the design and evaluation of earthquakeresisting reinforced concrete buildings. The book addresses the behavior of reinforced concrete materials, components, and systems subjected to routine and extreme loads, with an emphasis on response to earthquake loading. Design methods, both at a basic level as required by current building codes and at an advanced level needed for special problems such as seismic performance assessment, are described. Data and models useful for analyzing reinforced concrete structures as well as numerous illustrations, tables, and equations are included in this detailed reference. Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings covers: Seismic design and performance verification Steel reinforcement Concrete Confined concrete Axially loaded members Moment and axial force Shear in beams, columns, and walls Development and anchorage Beam-column connections Slab-column and slab-wall connections Seismic design overview Special moment frames Special structural walls Gravity framing Diaphragms and collectors Foundations
Book Synopsis Perspectives on European Earthquake Engineering and Seismology by : Atilla Ansal
Download or read book Perspectives on European Earthquake Engineering and Seismology written by Atilla Ansal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects 4 keynote and 15 theme lectures presented at the 2nd European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (2ECEES), held in Istanbul, Turkey, from August 24 to 29, 2014. The conference was organized by the Turkish Earthquake Foundation - Earthquake Engineering Committee and Prime Ministry, Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency under the auspices of the European Association for Earthquake Engineering (EAEE) and European Seismological Commission (ESC). The book’s nineteen state-of-the-art chapters were written by the most prominent researchers in Europe and address a comprehensive collection of topics on earthquake engineering, as well as interdisciplinary subjects such as engineering seismology and seismic risk assessment and management. Further topics include engineering seismology, geotechnical earthquake engineering, seismic performance of buildings, earthquake-resistant engineering structures, new techniques and technologies, and managing risk in seismic regions. The book also presents the First Professor Inge Lehmann Distinguished Award Lecture given by Prof. Shamita Das in honor of Prof. Dr. Inge Lehmann. The aim of this work is to present the state-of-the art and latest practices in the fields of earthquake engineering and seismology, with Europe’s most respected researchers addressing recent and ongoing developments while also proposing innovative avenues for future research and development. Given its cutting-edge conten t and broad spectrum of topics, the book offers a unique reference guide for researchers in these fields. Audience: This book is of interest to civil engineers in the fields of geotechnical and structural earthquake engineering; scientists and researchers in the fields of seismology, geology and geophysics. Not only scientists, engineers and students, but also those interested in earthquake hazard assessment and mitigation will find in this book the most recent advances.