Sectarian Discourse In Pakistan A Case Study Of District Jhang 1979 2009

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Sectarian Discourse in Pakistan. A Case Study of District Jhang (1979-2009)

Author : Muhammad Yasir Ali Khan
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346363147
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (463 download)

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Book Synopsis Sectarian Discourse in Pakistan. A Case Study of District Jhang (1979-2009) by : Muhammad Yasir Ali Khan

Download or read book Sectarian Discourse in Pakistan. A Case Study of District Jhang (1979-2009) written by Muhammad Yasir Ali Khan and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2021-03-15 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2017 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: Cum laude, University of Erfurt (Department of Religious Studies), language: English, abstract: This study on the sectarian discourse in Jhang tries to understand the phenomenon by employing the cultural tools of inquiry. It seeks to investigate sectarianism by exploring those sectarian performances, which, inherently, are culture specific. These performances are the parts of discourse. Every discursive position in the shape of a particular viewpoint involves some practices and performances. These performances, according to the newly emerging theories of cultural performance, seek credibility from the audience to achieve a dominant position in a discourse. This credibility is a relationship between the performance and the audience in a particular culture. It is a subjective relationship which varies with the changing dynamics of time and space. Similar discursive formations have differences of structural building in different sets of cultural conditions. The hegemonic status of a particular viewpoint in a particular discourse depends upon the intensity of relationship between the act and the audience in the performances attached with that viewpoint. This relationship is relative, and this relativity keeps the discursivity alive in a discourse. This relativity rather than the absoluteness keeps the struggle alive and reduces the level of inertia in a society. Sectarian performances, in this study, include textual, oral and customary performances. It also includes the concept of cultural script for the examination of cultural sectarian performances. This categorization yearns to explore sectarian texts, sectarian oral traditions and some customary practices. This scheme of research will help to find the cultural roots of sectarianism and will be equally significant for the overall understanding of the issue, which till now, is understood dominantly as religious and to some partially socio-political. Pakistani society has been the victim of shia-sunni sectarian violence over the last four decades which has engulfed the peace of the country by appearing in various ways. Its appearance in both violent and non-violent ways, has affected almost the whole country but Jhang, a district of Punjab province, stands prominent. Sectarianism in Jhang attracted the attention of journalistic and academic analysis. The works of Khalid Ahmad, Tahir Kamran, and Mariam Abou Zahab cover the different aspects of the issue. Most of the works discuss historical, political and socio-economic aspects of sectarianism.

Islam and Religious Change in Pakistan

Author : Saadia Sumbal
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100041504X
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Islam and Religious Change in Pakistan by : Saadia Sumbal

Download or read book Islam and Religious Change in Pakistan written by Saadia Sumbal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the history of, and the contestations on, Islam and the nature of religious change in 20th century Pakistan, focusing in particular on movements of Islamic reform and revival. This book is the first to bring the different facets of Islam, particularly Islamic reformism and shrine-oriented traditions, together within the confines of a single study ranging from the colonial to post-colonial era. Using a rich corpus of Urdu and Arabic material including biographical accounts, Sufi discourses (malfuzat), letter collections, polemics and unexplored archival sources, the author investigates how Islamic reformism and shrine-oriented religiosity interacted with one another in the post-colonial state of Pakistan. Focusing on the district of Mianwali in Pakistani northwestern Punjab, the book demonstrates how reformist ideas could only effectively find space to permeate after accommodating Sufi thoughts and practices; the text-based religious identity coalesced with overlapped traditional religious rituals and practices. The book proceeds to show how reformist Islam became the principal determinant of Islamic identity in the post-colonial state of Pakistan and how one of its defining effects was the hardening of religious boundaries. Challenging the approach of viewing the contestation between reformist and shrine-oriented Islam through the lens of binaries modern/traditional and moderate/extremist, this book makes an important contribution to the field of South Asian religion and Islam in modern South Asia.

Sectarian Conflict in Pakistan

Author : Mukhtar Ahmad Ali
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Sectarian Conflict in Pakistan by : Mukhtar Ahmad Ali

Download or read book Sectarian Conflict in Pakistan written by Mukhtar Ahmad Ali and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pakistan

Author : Mariam Abou Zahab
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0197534597
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis Pakistan by : Mariam Abou Zahab

Download or read book Pakistan written by Mariam Abou Zahab and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-08 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays brings together two sets of articles and book chapters by Mariam Abou Zahab, the extraordinary late scholar of Islam in South Asia. The first part of the volume examines Shia-Sunni relations in Pakistan, while the second concerns violent Islamism in the country, covering both the Talibanisation of the Pashtun belt and the jihadi dimension of South Asian Salafism. Throughout these texts, Abou Zahab explores the many reasons why Pakistan has been the crucible of political Islam. She offers a historical view of this development, factoring in the impact of colonialism and conflict, including the Soviet-Afghan War and the post-9/11 Western military operations in Afghanistan. While making clear the major importance of these external influences, from Saudi Arabia and Iran to the US, she also places Pakistan's political Islam in the context of local cultures, mobilising her anthropological erudition without ever indulging in culturalism. Finally, she emphasises the sociological determinants of sectarianism, Talibanism and jihadism, as well as the political economy of these ideologies. Abou Zahab's knowledge is exhaustive, but in these papers she offers an elegant synthesis in which each word matters. This volume is indispensable for understanding the present dynamics of Pakistan.

Making Sense of Pakistan

Author : Farzana Shaikh
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190929111
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Sense of Pakistan by : Farzana Shaikh

Download or read book Making Sense of Pakistan written by Farzana Shaikh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-08 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pakistan's transformation from supposed model of Muslim enlightenment to a state now threatened by an Islamist takeover has been remarkable. Many account for the change by pointing to Pakistan's controversial partnership with the United States since 9/11; others see it as a consequence of Pakistan's long history of authoritarian rule, which has marginalized liberal opinion and allowed the rise of a religious right. Farzana Shaikh argues the country's decline is rooted primarily in uncertainty about the meaning of Pakistan and the significance of 'being Pakistani'. This has pre-empted a consensus on the role of Islam in the public sphere and encouraged the spread of political Islam. It has also widened the gap between personal piety and public morality, corrupting the country's economic foundations and tearing apart its social fabric. More ominously still, it has given rise to a new and dangerous symbiosis between the country's powerful armed forces and Muslim extremists. Shaikh demonstrates how the ideology that constrained Indo-Muslim politics in the years leading to Partition in 1947 has left its mark, skillfully deploying insights from history to better understand Pakistan's troubled present.

Analysis of the Impact of Out-Grower Schemes on the Wellbeing of Small-Scale Tobacco Farmers

Author : Sunday Silungwe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783346140340
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Analysis of the Impact of Out-Grower Schemes on the Wellbeing of Small-Scale Tobacco Farmers by : Sunday Silungwe

Download or read book Analysis of the Impact of Out-Grower Schemes on the Wellbeing of Small-Scale Tobacco Farmers written by Sunday Silungwe and published by . This book was released on 2020-02-07 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Agrarian Studies, grade: 2.98, University of Lusaka, language: English, abstract: Out-grower schemes as an appropriate model for improving livelihoods of people in rural areas need to be recommended. This is because out-grower schemes provide access to agricultural inputs and market to the rural farmers. These services seem to be scarce, especially in a liberalized economy like Zambia. However, there are debates as whether out-grower schemes have been beneficial to farmers or not. Therefore, this study aims at investigating the impact of tobacco out-grower schemes on the economic well-being of farmers at Mugubudu tobacco out-grower scheme of Chipata District. To do this, the study employed non-experimental cross sectional research design. 150 questionnaires were distributed to solicit data from 150 randomly selected small scale tobacco farmers using a tobacco farmers' register as sample frame. The salient findings of the study were that tobacco out-grower schemes had improved the well-being of small scale tobacco farmers. Indicators for this improvement were that small scale tobacco farmers had acquired assets and their consumption expenditure had increased. However, the study established that lack of information as regard to contract contents, insufficiency of extension services, pricing system, environmental hazards and debt from inputs loans as factors that can choke the strides made by out-grower schemes. The study recommended that information is be provided in local languages as this will reduce the current difficulties as many of agro-literature is published in English. It is necessary that there is improved collaboration, dialogue and negotiation among all stakeholders namely the Ministry of Agriculture through the regulatory body Tobacco Board of Zambia (TBZ), out-grower firms and farmers association on issues such as pricing, dissemination of information and loan management. The quantity of extension se

Pakistan

Author : Anatol Lieven
Publisher : PublicAffairs
ISBN 13 : 1610391624
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Pakistan by : Anatol Lieven

Download or read book Pakistan written by Anatol Lieven and published by PublicAffairs. This book was released on 2012-03-06 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade Pakistan has become a country of immense importance to its region, the United States, and the world. With almost 200 million people, a 500,000-man army, nuclear weapons, and a large diaspora in Britain and North America, Pakistan is central to the hopes of jihadis and the fears of their enemies. Yet the greatest short-term threat to Pakistan is not Islamist insurgency as such, but the actions of the United States, and the greatest longterm threat is ecological change. Anatol Lieven's book is a magisterial investigation of this highly complex and often poorly understood country. Engagingly written, combining history and profound analysis with reportage from Lieven's extensive travels as a journalist and academic, Pakistan: A Hard Country is both utterly compelling and deeply revealing.

India, Empire, and First World War Culture

Author : Santanu Das
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107081580
Total Pages : 495 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis India, Empire, and First World War Culture by : Santanu Das

Download or read book India, Empire, and First World War Culture written by Santanu Das and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-13 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first cultural and literary history of India and the First World War, with archival research from Europe and South Asia.

The Shias of Pakistan

Author : Andreas Rieck
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190240962
Total Pages : 566 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Shias of Pakistan by : Andreas Rieck

Download or read book The Shias of Pakistan written by Andreas Rieck and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historical background -- Shias and the Pakistan movement -- Shias in Pakistan until 1958 -- The Ayub Khan era, 1958-1968 -- The Yahya Khan and Bhutto era, 1969-1977 -- The Zia-ul-Haqq era, 1977-1988 -- The interim democratic decade, 1988-1999 -- The Musharraf and Zardari eras, 2000-2013.

Militant Groups in South Asia

Author : Surinder Kumar Sharma
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Militant Groups in South Asia by : Surinder Kumar Sharma

Download or read book Militant Groups in South Asia written by Surinder Kumar Sharma and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Profiles important militant groups presently active in South Asian countries. The information related to these militant groups has been culled from open sources and due care has been taken to check the facts for consistency and reliability. The threat perception from each group is covered in detail.

Retrospective Analysis of Suspected Rabies Cases in Lemu-Bilbilo District, Arsi Zone, Ethiopia

Author : Mitiku Wamile
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783668865679
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (656 download)

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Book Synopsis Retrospective Analysis of Suspected Rabies Cases in Lemu-Bilbilo District, Arsi Zone, Ethiopia by : Mitiku Wamile

Download or read book Retrospective Analysis of Suspected Rabies Cases in Lemu-Bilbilo District, Arsi Zone, Ethiopia written by Mitiku Wamile and published by . This book was released on 2018-12-04 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Veterinary medicine, Addis Ababa University (College of veterinary medicine and agriculture), course: DVM THESIS, language: English, abstract: This study aimed to estimate the incidence of human dog bites, describe characteristics of bites and to identify risk factors for dog bites in Lemu-Bilbilo district. A retrospective analysis of suspected rabies cases (dog bites) in Lemu- Bilbilo district during the period 2013/2014 (n=1 year) was done. A total of 316 bite injuries inflicted by rabies-suspected animals were reported, giving a mean annual incidence of 137 cases per 100,000. Males (56.6%) were more at risk than females (43.4%). The proportion of children (0-19 aged) bitten was relatively higher than that of adults. 34.2% of victims were bitten by neighbour dogs. Domestic dogs were involved in 95% of the human bite cases, whereas man (1.9%), donkey (1.6%), cattle (0.9%), wild animal (0.3%) and horse (0.3%) played a minor role. 94.3 % of the victims mentioned that the disease (rabies) status of the dogs involved in the bite incidents was rabid. Rabies-suspected case reports were most frequently occurred during August and October in each year. This study revealed that incidences of humans being bitten by dogs suspected of rabies are common in Lemu-Bilbilo, involve mostly children and predominantly occur during autumn. Rigorous surveillance to determine the status of rabies and the risk factors for human rabies, and increased educational awareness of people about the risk of dog bites and rabies at national level is necessary, particularly for children as well as formulation and institution of appropriate rabies-control policies, is required.

Religious Movements Militancy

Author : Aoun
Publisher : CSIS Reports
ISBN 13 : 9780892067381
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (673 download)

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Book Synopsis Religious Movements Militancy by : Aoun

Download or read book Religious Movements Militancy written by Aoun and published by CSIS Reports. This book was released on 2012-07-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Religious Movements, Militancy, and Conflict in South Asia we draws on recent research on religion and conflict to offer a broad overview of the different roles religion has played in governance, politics, and conflicts in South Asia. The authors argue that it is important that policy officials pay specific attention to the role of religion in conflict settings. It is not safe to assume that religiously themed rhetoric represents the true motives of conflict actors or the true beliefs of local communities. But nor is it safe to assume that religion, and especially religious identity, does not contribute to conflict--or that it could not contribute to peace. Religion needs to be understood in context.

Stabilizing Pakistan Through Police Reform

Author : Asia Society. Independent Commission on Pakistan Police Reform
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780985819408
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Stabilizing Pakistan Through Police Reform by : Asia Society. Independent Commission on Pakistan Police Reform

Download or read book Stabilizing Pakistan Through Police Reform written by Asia Society. Independent Commission on Pakistan Police Reform and published by . This book was released on 2012-07-23 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Other Shiites

Author : Alessandro Monsutti
Publisher : Peter Lang
ISBN 13 : 9783039112890
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis The Other Shiites by : Alessandro Monsutti

Download or read book The Other Shiites written by Alessandro Monsutti and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2007 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shia Islam is a central issue in contemporary politics. Often associated with Iran, Shiite communities actually exist in many Islamic countries. Focusing on the «other Shiites» outside Iran, this book offers a survey of their diversity and multiplicity in the last two centuries. The contributions cover three major topics. The first part deals with the relationship of Shia minorities to the Sunni regimes. Secondly the public affirmation of their identities through specific rituals and social attitudes is analysed. Finally, the third part of this volume examines the strengthening of these identities through traditional religious rituals and cultural performances, or through the re-interpretation and adaptation of these to present-day life. Coming from various academic backgrounds, the authors have used different methodologies and have been engaged in field-work.

On Trial: the Implementation of Pakistan's Blasphemy Laws

Author : International Commission of Jurists (1952- )
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789290372141
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (721 download)

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Book Synopsis On Trial: the Implementation of Pakistan's Blasphemy Laws by : International Commission of Jurists (1952- )

Download or read book On Trial: the Implementation of Pakistan's Blasphemy Laws written by International Commission of Jurists (1952- ) and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "People accused of violating Pakistan's draconian 'blasphemy laws' face proceedings that are glaringly flawed, said the ICJ in a new report published today. 'Pakistan's blasphemy laws fly in the face of Pakistan's international legal obligations, including the duties to respect the rights of freedom of expression and freedom of religion and belief,' said Sam Zarifi, ICJ's Asia Director. 'But even worse, those facing accusations of blasphemy suffer through trials that are often fundamentally unfair.' In the 60-page report On Trial: the Implementation of Pakistan's Blasphemy Laws, the ICJ has documented in detail systematic and widespread fair trial violations in proceedings related to blasphemy offences in Pakistan, particularly in trial courts. Some of the problems documented in the report include: Intimidation and harassment of judges and lawyers that impede on the independence of the judiciary and the right to a defense; Demonstrable bias and prejudice against defendants by judges during the course of blasphemy proceedings and in judgments; Violations of the right to effective assistance of counsel; Rejection of bail and prolonged pre-trial detention; Incompetent investigation and prosecution that do not meet due diligence requirements under the law; The prosecution and detention of people living with mental disabilities; Inhumane conditions of detention and imprisonment, including prolonged solitary confinement. Pakistan's laws on 'offences related to religion'--sections 295-298-C of the Penal Code that are commonly known as 'blasphemy laws'--include a variety of crimes including misusing religious epithets, 'defiling' the Holy Quran, deliberately outraging religious sentiment, and using derogatory remarks in respect of the Prophet Muhammad. Sentences for these offences range from fines to long terms of imprisonment, and in the case of defamation of the Prophet Muhammad (section 295-C), a mandatory death sentence. 'Section 295 is a relic of the British colonial system that lends itself to human rights violations, including in Pakistan, India, Myanmar, and elsewhere,' Zarifi said. 'In Pakistan, General Zia-ul-Haq made additions to the laws that made them truly draconian.' Based on the analysis of over 100 judgments of the high courts and courts of first instance from 1986-2015 as well as interviews with defendants in blasphemy cases, their families, and defense counsel; judges, lawyers and police officials; and human rights activists, the report found: In 19 out of 25 cases under section 295-C (defamation of the Prophet Muhammad) studied by the ICJ, high courts have acquitted individuals convicted for blasphemy by trial courts. Glaring procedural irregularities and mala fide complaints are the grounds for acquittal on appeal in over 80 per cent of cases; Even in cases that ultimately result in acquittal, blasphemy proceedings suffer from undue delay--proceedings in trial courts can take on average three years, and appeals can take even longer, more than five years on average; Individuals accused of blasphemy under section 295-C are frequently denied bail even though they meet requirements under the law; Individuals detained pending trial or convicted for blasphemy are often kept in prolonged solitary confinement, at times, over a number of years. The report also confirms concerns recently raised by the Supreme Court of Pakistan that individuals accused of blasphemy 'suffer beyond proportion or repair', in the absence of adequate safeguards against misapplication or misuse of such blasphemy laws, the Geneva-based organization says. The ICJ has also made a number of recommendations to the Pakistani executive, legislative and judicial branches to address the defects in the framing of the blasphemy laws as well as of the shortcomings at the investigative, prosecutorial, procedural, administrative and judicial levels highlighted in the report to minimize the misuse of the blasphemy laws and ensure that those accused of blasphemy have a fair chance at defending themselves. 'It's time Pakistan and other countries got rid of these noxious laws, which continue to stifle freedom of expression and freedom of religion or belief, and instead promote extremism and intolerance,' Zarifi added."--

Determining Factors and Impacts of Modern Agricultural Technology Adoption in West Wollega

Author : Merga Challa
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656744033
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (567 download)

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Book Synopsis Determining Factors and Impacts of Modern Agricultural Technology Adoption in West Wollega by : Merga Challa

Download or read book Determining Factors and Impacts of Modern Agricultural Technology Adoption in West Wollega written by Merga Challa and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-09-16 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Agrarian Studies, Wollega University (School of graduate studies), language: English, abstract: This study analyzed factors affecting modern agricultural technology adoption by farmers and the impact of technology adoption decision on the welfare of households in the study area. The data used for the study were obtained from 145 randomly selected sample households in the study area. Binary logit model was employed to analyze the determinants of farmers’ decisions to adopt modern technologies. Moreover, the average effect of adoption on household incomes and expenditure were estimated by using propensity score matching method. The result of the logistic regression showed that household heads’ education level, farm size, credit accessibility, perception of farmers about cost of the inputs and off-farm income positively and significantly affected the farm households’ adoption decision; while family size affected their decision negatively and significantly. The result of the propensity score matching estimation showed that the average income and consumption expenditure of adopters are greater than that of non-adopters. Based on these findings it is recommended that the zonal and the woreda leaders extension agents farm and education experts, policy makers and other development oriented organizations have to plan in such a way that the farm households in the study area will obtain sufficient education, credit accessibilities and also have to train farmers to make them understand the benefits obtained from adopting the new technologies. These bodies have also to arrange policy issues that improve farm labour participation of household members and also to arrange the ways in which farmers obtain means of income outside farming activities.

Domestic Barriers to Dismantling the Militant Infrastructure in Pakistan

Author : Stephen Tankel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781601271860
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (718 download)

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Book Synopsis Domestic Barriers to Dismantling the Militant Infrastructure in Pakistan by : Stephen Tankel

Download or read book Domestic Barriers to Dismantling the Militant Infrastructure in Pakistan written by Stephen Tankel and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Serious concerns exist in Pakistan about threats to the state from a subset of its Islamist militants, but the military's preoccupation with using jihadist proxies to achieve geopolitical aims remains. Although this is the greatest barrier to dismantling the militant infrastructure in Pakistan, it is not the only one. Numerous barriers reinforce the status quo when it comes to action against militancy and inform the segmented approach Pakistani elites -- both civilian and military -- take as they approach various militant groups.