Scientism And Technocracy In The Twentieth Century

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Scientism and Technocracy in the Twentieth Century

Author : Richard G. Olson
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 1498525717
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientism and Technocracy in the Twentieth Century by : Richard G. Olson

Download or read book Scientism and Technocracy in the Twentieth Century written by Richard G. Olson and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2015-12-16 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientism, or the application of methods, attitudes, and concepts drawn from the natural sciences to human activities and social policy formation, is a pervasive feature of modern life, and it is one which has immense impact upon virtually all aspects of our private and public lives. This work explores the impact of Scientific Management, a movement initiated at the beginning of the twentieth century by the mechanical engineer, Frederick Winslow Taylor, in spreading scientistic attitudes through its appropriation by technical experts (technocrats) who have played a central and growing role in formulating public policies, not just in the United States, but throughout the world. It explores the movement of Scientific Management out of its initial American industrial context into progressive politics in the United States, into the policies of the Third Reich, those of the Soviet Union under Lenin and Stalin, into Cold War policy formation in both the U.S. and the U.S.S.R , and into those of contemporary China and the European Union, with short but important excursions into France, Sweden, Japan, and the developing world. Moreover it also explores some of the aesthetic dimensions of scientism and technocracy, especially as they have been reflected in modernist architecture and literature, and it examines current trends in education and the structure of advisory organizations such as RAND Corporation which are shaping the character and impact of scientistic and technocratic attitudes. Overall the approach is ambivalent toward scientism, acknowledging some of its great strengths in promoting economic growth and providing advice on security related issues, but offering criticisms of its narrow emphasis on efficiency, its insensitivity to qualitative considerations and the experience of those with specialized local knowledge, and its long term tendency to ignore distributive justice and promote income concentration.

Companion to Science in the Twentieth Century

Author : John Krige
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 9780415286060
Total Pages : 988 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Companion to Science in the Twentieth Century by : John Krige

Download or read book Companion to Science in the Twentieth Century written by John Krige and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2003 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work on science in the 20th century represents work in America, Europe and Asia. It includes such topics as the countries that have made the most significant contributions, the relationship between science and industry and the importance of instrumentation.

Technology in the Late Twentieth Century

Author : Peter Moss Handler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (258 download)

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Book Synopsis Technology in the Late Twentieth Century by : Peter Moss Handler

Download or read book Technology in the Late Twentieth Century written by Peter Moss Handler and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "As an artist in metal living and working in the last part of the twentieth century, I feel it to be important that my work relate to this specific period of time. That is, to look where we are going becomes more important than where we have been. The most powerful single influence on where we are going, in my judgment, is technology. The images of technology, not the things of it, become my starting place. My intent, however, is not merely to celebrate technology. That is an uncritical attitude."--Abstract.

Science Progress in the Twentieth Century

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis Science Progress in the Twentieth Century by :

Download or read book Science Progress in the Twentieth Century written by and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Making 20th Century Science

Author : Stephen G. Brush
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190266945
Total Pages : 553 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Making 20th Century Science by : Stephen G. Brush

Download or read book Making 20th Century Science written by Stephen G. Brush and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-13 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, the scientific method has been said to require proposing a theory, making a prediction of something not already known, testing the prediction, and giving up the theory (or substantially changing it) if it fails the test. A theory that leads to several successful predictions is more likely to be accepted than one that only explains what is already known but not understood. This process is widely treated as the conventional method of achieving scientific progress, and was used throughout the twentieth century as the standard route to discovery and experimentation. But does science really work this way? In Making 20th Century Science, Stephen G. Brush discusses this question, as it relates to the development of science throughout the last century. Answering this question requires both a philosophically and historically scientific approach, and Brush blends the two in order to take a close look at how scientific methodology has developed. Several cases from the history of modern physical and biological science are examined, including Mendeleev's Periodic Law, Kekule's structure for benzene, the light-quantum hypothesis, quantum mechanics, chromosome theory, and natural selection. In general it is found that theories are accepted for a combination of successful predictions and better explanations of old facts. Making 20th Century Science is a large-scale historical look at the implementation of the scientific method, and how scientific theories come to be accepted.

Science and Technology in 20th-Century American Life

Author : Christopher Cumo
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313081530
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Technology in 20th-Century American Life by : Christopher Cumo

Download or read book Science and Technology in 20th-Century American Life written by Christopher Cumo and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2007-08-30 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twentieth century witnessed the greatest changes in technology and science that humans have ever witnessed. These occurred rapidly and affected such a broad range of people. Scientists, inventors, and engineers built upon the great inventions of the 19th century to expand the reach of modern technology - for a citizen in 1900, communication, transportation, and agricultural was still primarily local activities; by 2000, an American citizen was part of an interconnected global community. These developments in science and technology were also important in the social and cultural changes of the period. The Great Depression, the World Wars and Cold War, the civil rights and women's rights movements - all were greatly impacted by the rapid scientific and technological advancements in the universities and industry.

Technocracy in America

Author : Giovanni Borgognone
Publisher : Harmattan Italia
ISBN 13 : 2140164644
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Technocracy in America by : Giovanni Borgognone

Download or read book Technocracy in America written by Giovanni Borgognone and published by Harmattan Italia. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: À la fin du XIXe siècle, les sciences sociales aux États-Unis théorisent la nécessité de restructurer le pouvoir publique en Amérique, en soumettant toute politique à un contrôle « rationnel » et techniquement mesurable sur la base de paramètres précis, qu'on a par la suite développés (ouvrage en langue anglaise).

Carbon Technocracy

Author : Victor Seow
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226826554
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis Carbon Technocracy by : Victor Seow

Download or read book Carbon Technocracy written by Victor Seow and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A forceful reckoning with the relationship between energy and power through the history of what was once East Asia’s largest coal mine. The coal-mining town of Fushun in China’s Northeast is home to a monstrous open pit. First excavated in the early twentieth century, this pit grew like a widening maw over the ensuing decades, as various Chinese and Japanese states endeavored to unearth Fushun’s purportedly “inexhaustible” carbon resources. Today, the depleted mine that remains is a wondrous and terrifying monument to fantasies of a fossil-fueled future and the technologies mobilized in attempts to turn those developmentalist dreams into reality. In Carbon Technocracy, Victor Seow uses the remarkable story of the Fushun colliery to chart how the fossil fuel economy emerged in tandem with the rise of the modern technocratic state. Taking coal as an essential feedstock of national wealth and power, Chinese and Japanese bureaucrats, engineers, and industrialists deployed new technologies like open-pit mining and hydraulic stowage in pursuit of intensive energy extraction. But as much as these mine operators idealized the might of fossil fuel–driven machines, their extractive efforts nevertheless relied heavily on the human labor that those devices were expected to displace. Under the carbon energy regime, countless workers here and elsewhere would be subjected to invasive techniques of labor control, ever-escalating output targets, and the dangers of an increasingly exploited earth. Although Fushun is no longer the coal capital it once was, the pattern of aggressive fossil-fueled development that led to its ascent endures. As we confront a planetary crisis precipitated by our extravagant consumption of carbon, it holds urgent lessons. This is a groundbreaking exploration of how the mutual production of energy and power came to define industrial modernity and the wider world that carbon made.

Science in the Twentieth Century

Author : John Krige
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134406932
Total Pages : 986 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Science in the Twentieth Century by : John Krige

Download or read book Science in the Twentieth Century written by John Krige and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With over forty chapters, written by leading scholars, this comprehensive volume represents the best work in America, Europe, and Asia. Geographical diversity of the authors is reflected in the different perspectives devoted to the subject, and all major disciplinary developments are covered. There are also sections concerning the countries that have made the most significant contributions, the relationship between science and industry, the importance of instrumentation, and the cultural influence of scientific modes of thought. Students and professionals will come to appreciate how, and why, science has developed - as with any other human activity, it is subject to the dynamics of society and politics.

Science in the Twentieth Century

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (488 download)

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Book Synopsis Science in the Twentieth Century by :

Download or read book Science in the Twentieth Century written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Technoscience in History

Author : Ursula Klein
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262359480
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Technoscience in History by : Ursula Klein

Download or read book Technoscience in History written by Ursula Klein and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-09-22 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of a comprehensive introduction to machine learning approaches used in predictive data analytics, covering both theory and practice. Machine learning is often used to build predictive models by extracting patterns from large datasets. These models are used in predictive data analytics applications including price prediction, risk assessment, predicting customer behavior, and document classification. This introductory textbook offers a detailed and focused treatment of the most important machine learning approaches used in predictive data analytics, covering both theoretical concepts and practical applications. Technical and mathematical material is augmented with explanatory worked examples, and case studies illustrate the application of these models in the broader business context.

Science in the Early Twentieth Century

Author : Jacob Darwin Hamblin
Publisher : ABC-CLIO
ISBN 13 : 1851096655
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Science in the Early Twentieth Century by : Jacob Darwin Hamblin

Download or read book Science in the Early Twentieth Century written by Jacob Darwin Hamblin and published by ABC-CLIO. This book was released on 2005-03-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This encyclopedia covers a period of enormous scientific discovery. Scientists developed previously unimagined theories, disciplines, and applications: relativity and quantum physics; cultural anthropology; psychoanalysis and behavioral theory; and insulin and antibiotics. Science became the moving force in the world, with effects on all aspects of life and thought. Although most encyclopedias about science treat it in isolation, Science in the Early Twentieth Century details the great scientific advances of this key period and places them firmly within their social context."--BOOK JACKET.

Life in a Technocracy

Author : Harold Loeb
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780815603801
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Life in a Technocracy by : Harold Loeb

Download or read book Life in a Technocracy written by Harold Loeb and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 1996-06-01 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origins of technocracy are shrouded in controversy, but most of its leaders were inspired by their association with the social critic Thorstein Veblen, between 1919 and 1921. Harold Loeb, an expatriate in Paris in the 1920s, was one of the more accomplished and interesting of the technocrats. In Life in a Technocracy, now a twentieth-century utopian classic, he expounds on the merits of creating a utopian society through technocracy, predicting the future of art, education, religion, and government under the leadership of technical professionals.

The Age of Science

Author : Gerard Piel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781459609006
Total Pages : 748 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Age of Science by : Gerard Piel

Download or read book The Age of Science written by Gerard Piel and published by . This book was released on 2010-12-03 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When historians of the future come to examine western civilization in the twentieth century, one area of intellectual accomplishment will stand out above all others; more than any other era before it, the twentieth century was an age of science. Not only were the practical details of daily life radically transformed by the application of scientific discoveries, but our very sense of who we are, how our minds work, how our world came to be, how it works and our proper role in it, our ultimate origins, and our ultimate fate were all influenced by scientific thinking as never before in human history. In the Age of Science, the former editor and publisher of Scientific American gives us a sweeping overview of the scientific achievements of the twentieth century, with chaers on the fundamental forces of nature, the subatomic world, cosmology, the cell and molecular biology, earth history and the evolution of life, and human evolution. Beautifully written and illustrated, this is a book for the connoisseur; an elegant, informative, magisterial summation of one of the twentieth century's greatest cultural achievements.

Taking on Technocracy

Author : Dolores L. Augustine
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 1800731981
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Taking on Technocracy by : Dolores L. Augustine

Download or read book Taking on Technocracy written by Dolores L. Augustine and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2021-09-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The German abandonment of nuclear power represents one of the most successful popular revolts against technocratic thinking in modern times—the triumph of a dynamic social movement, encompassing a broad swath of West Germans as well as East German dissident circles, over political, economic, and scientific elites. Taking on Technocracy gives a brisk account of this dramatic historical moment, showing how the popularization of scientific knowledge fostered new understandings of technological risk. Combining analyses of social history, popular culture, social movement theory, and histories of science and technology, it offers a compelling narrative of a key episode in the recent history of popular resistance.

Technocracy in America

Author : Parag Khanna
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780998232515
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Technocracy in America by : Parag Khanna

Download or read book Technocracy in America written by Parag Khanna and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-10 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American democracy just isn't good enough anymore. A costly election has done more to divide American society than unite it, while trust in government--and democracy itself--is plummeting. But there are better systems out there, and America would be wise to learn from them. In this provocative manifesto, globalization scholar Parag Khanna tours cutting-edge nations from Switzerland to Singapore to reveal the inner workings that allow them that lead the way in managing the volatility of a fast-changing world while delivering superior welfare and prosperity for their citizens. The ideal form of government for the complex 21st century is what Khanna calls a "direct technocracy," one led by experts but perpetually consulting the people through a combination of democracy and data. From a seven-member presidency and a restructured cabinet to replacing the Senate with an Assembly of Governors, Technocracy in America is full of sensible proposals that have been proven to work in the world's most successful societies. Americans have a choice for whom they elect president, but they should not wait any longer to redesign their political system following Khanna's pragmatic vision.

Encyclopedia of 20th-century Technology

Author : Colin Hempstead
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of 20th-century Technology by : Colin Hempstead

Download or read book Encyclopedia of 20th-century Technology written by Colin Hempstead and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Comprising 395 essays arranged alphabetically, mostly on individual objects, artifacts, techniques, and products, this is an up-to-date work of reference for all those involved in teaching or researching the history of twentieth-century technology."--Publisher's description.