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Author :
Publisher : SFSP
ISBN 13 : 9782911489044
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Science et décision en santé environnementale written by and published by SFSP. This book was released on 1997 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309124549
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-02-08 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental health decision making can be a complex undertaking, as there is the need to navigate and find balance among three core elements: science, policy, and the needs of the American public. Policy makers often grapple with how to make appropriate decisions when the research is uncertain. The challenge for the policy maker is to make the right decision with the best available data in a transparent process. The Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making workshop, the first in a series, was convened to inform the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine on emerging issues in risk management, "weight of evidence," and ethics that influence environmental health decision making. The workshop, summarized in this volume, included an overview of the principles underlying decision making, the role of evidence and challenges for vulnerable populations, and ethical issues of conflict of interest, scientific integrity, and transparency. The workshop engaged science interest groups, industry, government, and the academic sector.
Author : Michele Morrone
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313076995
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Sound Science, Junk Policy written by Michele Morrone and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2002-06-30 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Morrone and Lohner assert that sound science is often misinterpreted, which leads to questionable policy decisions. This provocative look at environmental policymaking shows the importance of correctly interpreting science, and examines the full implications of using science as the major criterion in the decision-making process. Contemporary critics often argue that environmental policy problems are rooted in junk science. Yet Morrone and Lohner assert that many cases are based on sound science that is misinterpreted, which leads to questionable policy decisions. Revealing the way science is used in the environmental decision-making process, the authors illustrate how policies can go awry. Their combined experience in the public and private sectors is buttressed by a series of case studies, including: •Air pollution •Solid and hazardous waste management •Food protection •Vectors and their diseases •Drinking water safety This provocative look at environmental policymaking shows the importance of correctly interpreting science, and examines the full implications of using science as the major criterion in the decision-making process.
Author : Carlos Corvalán
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 9780419259503
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (595 download)
Download or read book Decision-making in Environmental Health written by Carlos Corvalán and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2000 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text examines the need for information in support of decision-making in environmental health. It discusses indicators of environmental health, methods of data collection and the assessment of exposure.
Author : Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences Research and Medicine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309383684
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (836 download)
Download or read book Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making written by Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences Research and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2009-01-08 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental health decision making can be a complex undertaking, as there is the need to navigate and find balance among three core elements: science, policy, and the needs of the American public. Policy makers often grapple with how to make appropriate decisions when the research is uncertain. The challenge for the policy maker is to make the right decision with the best available data in a transparent process. The Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making workshop, the first in a series, was convened to inform the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine on emerging issues in risk management, "weight of evidence," and ethics that influence environmental health decision making. The workshop, summarized in this volume, included an overview of the principles underlying decision making, the role of evidence and challenges for vulnerable populations, and ethical issues of conflict of interest, scientific integrity, and transparency. The workshop engaged science interest groups, industry, government, and the academic sector.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309041953
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Valuing Health Risks, Costs, and Benefits for Environmental Decision Making written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1990-02-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Myriam Merad
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030205320
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)
Download or read book Expertise Under Scrutiny written by Myriam Merad and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-17 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the challenges that confront leaders in government and industry when making decisions in the areas of environmental health and safety. Today, decision making demands transparency, robustness, and resiliency. However thoughtfully they are devised, decisions made by governments and enterprises can often trigger immediate, passionate public response. Expertise Under Scrutiny shows how leaders can establish organizational decision making processes that yield valid, workable choices even in fast-changing and uncertain conditions. The first part of the book examines the organizational decision making process, describing the often-contentious environment in which important environmental health and safety decisions are made, and received. The authors review the roles of actors and experts in the decision making process. The book goes on to address such topics as: · The roles of actors and experts in the decision making process · Ethics and analytics as drivers of good decisions · Why managing problems in safety, security, environment, and health Part II offers an outline for adopting a formal decision support structure, including the use of decision support tools. It includes a chapter devoted to ELECTRE (ELimination and Choice Expressing Reality), a multi-criteria decision analysis system. The book concludes with an insightful appraisal and analysis of the expertise, structure and resources needed for navigating well-supported, risk-informed decisions in our 21st Century world. Expertise Under Scrutiny benefits a broad audience of students, academics, researchers, and working professionals in management and related disciplines, especially in the field of environmental health and safety.
Author : Dilber Uzun Ozsahin
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030966828
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)
Download or read book Decision Analysis Applied to the Field of Environmental Health written by Dilber Uzun Ozsahin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-01 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides students and researchers with a resource that includes the current application of the multi-criteria decision theory in a variety of fields, including the environment, health care, engineering, and architecture. There are many critical parameters (criteria) that can directly or indirectly affect the consequences of various decisions. The application of the multi-criteria decision theory focusses mainly on the use of computational methods which include multiple criteria and orders of preference for the evaluation and the selection of the best option among many alternatives based on the desired outcome. The theory of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) is an approach that can be extremely useful for students, managers, engineers of manufacturing companies, etc.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309458579
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book A Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results Research Program written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-08-24 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental research has driven landmark improvements that led to the protection of human and ecosystem health. Recognizing the value of knowledge generated by environmental research and the ingenuity within academic and nonprofit institutions, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) created a program known as Science to Achieve Results, or STAR, in 1995. STAR is EPA's primary competitive extramural grants program. A Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results Research Program assesses the program's scientific merit, public benefits, and overall contributions in the context of other relevant research and recommends ways to enhance those aspects of the program. This report also considers the conclusions and recommendations of a prior National Research Council review of the STAR program (2003), the STAR program's research priorities in light of the nation's environmental challenges, and the effects of recent STAR funding trends on obtaining scientific information needed to protect public health and the environment.
Author : David V. Bates
Publisher : University of Washington Press
ISBN 13 : 9780295973364
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (733 download)
Download or read book Environmental Health Risks and Public Policy written by David V. Bates and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How democratic societies discover and deal with such health hazards is the theme of Environmental Health Risks and Public Policy. Often frightening in its direct recitation of medical evidence, always compelling as the work of a medical man deeply concerned with human health, it examines the ways in which science and public policy interact, sometimes to protect the public, sometimes to thwart prompt action.
Author : Jason Corburn
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262532727
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)
Download or read book Street Science written by Jason Corburn and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005-08-19 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When environmental health problems arise in a community, policymakers must be able to reconcile the first-hand experience of local residents with recommendations by scientists. In this highly original look at environmental health policymaking, Jason Corburn shows the ways that local knowledge can be combined with professional techniques to achieve better solutions for environmental health problems. He traces the efforts of a low-income community in Brooklyn to deal with environmental health problems in its midst and offers a framework for understanding "street science"—decision making that draws on community knowledge and contributes to environmental justice. Like many other low-income urban communities, the Greenpoint/Williamsburg neighborhood of Brooklyn suffers more than its share of environmental problems, with a concentration of polluting facilities and elevated levels of localized air pollutants. Corburn looks at four instances of street science in Greenpoint/Williamsburg, where community members and professionals combined forces to address the risks from subsistence fishing from the polluted East River, the asthma epidemic in the Latino community, childhood lead poisoning, and local sources of air pollution. These episodes highlight both the successes and the limits of street science and demonstrate ways residents can establish their own credibility when working with scientists. Street science, Corburn argues, does not devalue science; it revalues other kinds of information and democratizes the inquiry and decision making processes.
Author : Philippe Houdy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642201776
Total Pages : 644 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)
Download or read book Nanoethics and Nanotoxicology written by Philippe Houdy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-13 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanobiotechnology is a fast developing field of research and application in many domains such as in medicine, pharmacy, cosmetics and agro-industry. The book addresses the lastest fundamental results on nanotoxicology and nanoethics, and the enormous range of potential applications in the fields of medical diagnostics, nanomedicine, and food and water administration. Nanoscale objects have properties leading to specific kinds of behaviour, sometimes exacerbating their chemical reactivity, physical behaviour, or potential to penetrate deeply within living organisms. Hence it is important to ensure the responsible and safe development of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies. This fourth volume in the Nanoscience series should make its mark, by presenting the state of the art in the fields of nanotoxicology and nanoethics. This is the first book to combine both scientific knowledge and ethical and social recommendations. It also presents specific policies on nanotechnologies set up by national and international authorities. This book is of interest to engineers, researchers, and graduate students.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309370884
Total Pages : 115 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Principles and Obstacles for Sharing Data from Environmental Health Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On March 19, 2014, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop on the topic of the sharing of data from environmental health research. Experts in the field of environmental health agree that there are benefits to sharing research data, but questions remain regarding how to effectively make these data available. The sharing of data derived from human subjects-making them both transparent and accessible to others-raises a host of ethical, scientific, and process questions that are not always present in other areas of science, such as physics, geology, or chemistry. The workshop participants explored key concerns, principles, and obstacles to the responsible sharing of data used in support of environmental health research and policy making while focusing on protecting the privacy of human subjects and addressing the concerns of the research community. Principles and Obstacles for Sharing Data from Environmental Health Research summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author : Joanna Burger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441988130
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Stakeholders and Scientists written by Joanna Burger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-23 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nation and the World must move forward with development of a range of energy sources and savings, all with attendant environmental problems. Solving these problems, and those remaining from past energy-related activities, will require iteration, inclusion, and collaboration with a wide range of stakeholders, including U.S., State and local governmental agencies, Tribal Nations, scientists, environmentalists, public policy makers, and the general public.
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309064074
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Toward Environmental Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-03-25 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driven by community-based organizations and supported by a growing body of literature, the environmental justice movement contends that poor and minority populations are burdened with more than their share of toxic waste, pesticide runoff, and other hazardous byproducts of our modern economic life. Is environmental degradation worse in poor and minority communities? Do these communities suffer more adverse health effects as a result? The committee addresses these questions and explores how current fragmentation in health policy could be replaced with greater coordination among federal, state, and local parties. The book is highlighted with case studies from five locations where the committee traveled to hear citizen and researcher testimony. It offers detailed examinations in these areas: Identifying environmental hazards and assessing risk for populations of varying ethnic, social, and economic backgrounds, and the need for methodologies that uniquely suit the populations at risk. Identifying basic, clinical, and occupational research needs and meeting challenges to research on minorities. Expanding environmental education from an ecological focus to a public health focus for all levels of health professionals. Legal and ethical aspects of environmental health issues. The book makes recommendations to decision-makers in the areas of public health, research, and education of health professionals and outlines health policy considerations.
Author : John Eyles
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131714208X
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)
Download or read book Environments, Risks and Health written by John Eyles and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of the scientific work on environmental health research has come from the clinical and biophysical sciences. Yet contributions are being made from the social sciences with respect to economic change, distributional equities, political will, public perceptions and the social geographical challenges of the human health-environments linkages. Offering the first comprehensive and cohesive summary of the input from social science to this field, this book focuses on how humans theorize their relationships to the environment with respect to health and how these ideas are mediated through an evaluation of risk and hazards. Most work on risk has focused primarily on environmental problems. This book extends and synthesizes these works for the field of human health, treating social, economic, cultural and political context as vital. Bringing disparate literatures from across several disciplines together with their own applied research and experience, John Eyles and Jamie Baxter deal with scientific uncertainty in the everyday issues raised and question how social theories and models of the way the world works can contribute to understanding these uncertainties. This book is essential reading for those studying and researching in the fields of health geography and environmental studies as well as environmental sociology, social and applied anthropology, environmental psychology and environmental politics.
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309290236
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Environmental Decisions in the Face of Uncertainty written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-05-20 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is one of several federal agencies responsible for protecting Americans against significant risks to human health and the environment. As part of that mission, EPA estimates the nature, magnitude, and likelihood of risks to human health and the environment; identifies the potential regulatory actions that will mitigate those risks and protect public health1 and the environment; and uses that information to decide on appropriate regulatory action. Uncertainties, both qualitative and quantitative, in the data and analyses on which these decisions are based enter into the process at each step. As a result, the informed identification and use of the uncertainties inherent in the process is an essential feature of environmental decision making. EPA requested that the Institute of Medicine (IOM) convene a committee to provide guidance to its decision makers and their partners in states and localities on approaches to managing risk in different contexts when uncertainty is present. It also sought guidance on how information on uncertainty should be presented to help risk managers make sound decisions and to increase transparency in its communications with the public about those decisions. Given that its charge is not limited to human health risk assessment and includes broad questions about managing risks and decision making, in this report the committee examines the analysis of uncertainty in those other areas in addition to human health risks. Environmental Decisions in the Face of Uncertainty explains the statement of task and summarizes the findings of the committee.
