Schopenhauers Compass

Download Schopenhauers Compass full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Schopenhauers Compass ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Schopenhauer's Compass

Author : Urs App
Publisher : UniversityMedia
ISBN 13 : 3906000036
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (6 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Schopenhauer's Compass by : Urs App

Download or read book Schopenhauer's Compass written by Urs App and published by UniversityMedia. This book was released on 2014-09-09 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Schopenhauer was the first major Western philosopher with a deep interest in Asian philosophies and religions. His favorite book was a Latin version of the Indian Upanishads—the Oupnek'hat—that he used to call the consolation of his life and death. Urs App explains in this book for the first time why Schopenhauer regarded this work as the most excellent in the world, how it is connected with the birth of his philosophy, and what caused him to list it even ahead of Plato and Kant as his major inspiration. This groundbreaking new introduction to Schopenhauer's thought and its genesis explains the role of Indian, Persian (Sufi), Neoplatonic, and mystical ideas as well as meditative states ("better consciousness"). But its focus lies firmly on the central dynamic at the heart of Schopenhauer's entire work: the inner compass that gave it is overall direction.

The Oxford Handbook of Schopenhauer

Author : Robert L. Wicks
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190660066
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Schopenhauer by : Robert L. Wicks

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Schopenhauer written by Robert L. Wicks and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-27 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than two hundred years after the publication of his seminal The World as Will and Representation, Arthur Schopenhauer's influence is still felt in philosophy and beyond. As one of the most readable and central philosophers of the 19th century, his work inspired the most influential thinkers and artists of his time, including Nietzsche, Freud, and Wagner. Though known primarily as a herald of philosophical pessimism, the full range of his contributions is displayed here in a collection of thirty-one essays on the forefront of Schopenhauer scholarship. Essays written by contemporary Schopenhauer scholars explore his central notions, including the will, empirical knowledge, and the sublime, and widens to the interplay of ethics and religion with Schopenhauer's philosophy. Authors confront difficult aspects of Schopenhauer's work and legacy--for example, the extent to which Schopenhauer adopted ideas from his predecessors compared to how much was original and visionary in his central claim that reality is a blind, senseless "will," the effectiveness of his philosophy in the field of scientific explanation and extrasensory phenomena, and the role of beauty and sublimity in his outlook. Essays also challenge prevailing assumptions about Schopenhauer by exploring the fundamental role of compassion in his moral theory, the Hindu, Christian, and Buddhist aspects of his philosophy, and the importance of asceticism in his views on the meaning of life. The collection is an internationally constituted work that reflects upon Schopenhauer's philosophy with authors presently working across the globe. It demonstrates fully the richness of Schopenhauer's work and his lasting impact on philosophy and psychoanalysis, as well as upon music, the visual arts, and literature.

The Palgrave Schopenhauer Handbook

Author : Sandra Shapshay
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319629476
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Palgrave Schopenhauer Handbook by : Sandra Shapshay

Download or read book The Palgrave Schopenhauer Handbook written by Sandra Shapshay and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-23 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive Handbook offers a leading-edge yet accessible guide to the most important facets of Arthur Schopenhauer’s philosophical system, the last true system of German philosophy. Written by a diverse, international and interdisciplinary group of eminent and up-and-coming scholars, each of the 28 chapters in this Handbook includes an authoritative exposition of different viewpoints as well as arguing for a particular thesis. Authors also put Schopenhauer’s ideas into historical context and connect them when possible to contemporary philosophy. Key features: Structured in six parts, addressing the development of Schopenhauer’s system, his epistemology and metaphysics, aesthetics and philosophy of art, ethical and political thought, philosophy of religion and legacy in Britain, France, and the US. Special coverage of Schopenhauer’s treatment of Judaism, Christianity, Vedic thought and Buddhism Attention to the relevance of Schopenhauer for contemporary metaphysics, metaethics and ethics in particular. The Palgrave Schopenhauer Handbook is an essential resource for scholars as well as advanced students of nineteenth-century philosophy. Researchers and graduate students in musicology, comparative literature, religious studies, English, French, history, and political science will find this guide to be a rigorous and refreshing Handbook to support their own explorations of Schopenhauer’s thought.

Schopenhauer on Self, World and Morality

Author : Arati Barua
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811059543
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Schopenhauer on Self, World and Morality by : Arati Barua

Download or read book Schopenhauer on Self, World and Morality written by Arati Barua and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-05 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a unique collection of philosophical essays on various aspects of Schopenhauer's understanding of the nature and character of the world through the classical philosophies of the Vedanta and Buddhism and classical and modern thinkers like Bhartṛhari, Tagore, and Wittgenstein. It includes reflective insights about Schopenhauer and the metaphysics of the world, the self, and morality from scholars who have pioneered the philosophical study of the relation between Schopenhauer and Indian schools of thoughts and intellectual history. This insightful volume is a good academic resource for further research in comparative philosophy of Schopenhauer and the Indian tradition.

Historical Dictionary of Schopenhauer's Philosophy

Author : David E. Cartwright
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 144226795X
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Schopenhauer's Philosophy by : David E. Cartwright

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Schopenhauer's Philosophy written by David E. Cartwright and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arthur Schopenhauer made the momentous decision to become a philosopher when he was approximately 22 years old. Prior to that decision, he had been studying medicine at the university in Göttingen. By that age, however, he had concluded that life was a troublesome affair. So he resolved to spend his life reflecting upon it. Schopenhauer was doggedly determined to persevere in what he considered his mission in life, to reflect on the “ever-disquieting puzzle of existence,” to ascertain the meaning of living in a world steeped in suffering and death. He was confident that eventually his work would be recognized, a confidence that enabled him to weather laboring in relative philosophical obscurity for some forty years. What initiated the dawn of Schopenhauer’s fame was a review of his philosophy that appeared in a British journal in 1853, and ever since that time, Schopenhauer drew a readership, one broader than most Western philosophers. He is read not simply and solely by professional philosophers, but also by the wider learned world. Indeed, some have claimed that he is the most widely read Western philosopher. This second edition of Historical Dictionary of Schopenhauer's Philosophy contains a chronology, an introduction, an appendix, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 300 cross-referenced entries on all of Schopenhauer’s books, significant philosophical ideas and concepts, as well as entries covering significant figures in his life and those influenced by this thinking.. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Arthur Schopenhauer.

Schopenhauer and the Nature of Philosophy

Author : Jonathan Head
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1793640076
Total Pages : 203 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (936 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Schopenhauer and the Nature of Philosophy by : Jonathan Head

Download or read book Schopenhauer and the Nature of Philosophy written by Jonathan Head and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-10-20 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is philosophy? What can philosophy offer us? What brings us to think philosophically? Arthur Schopenhauer’s writings offer fascinating answers to these questions that have largely been overlooked until now. In Schopenhauer and the Nature of Philosophy, Jonathan Head explores the surprisingly rich and compelling metaphilosophy that underlies Schopenhauer’s work and argues that it offers a vital key to unlocking many of the mysteries that surround his ideas. Schopenhauer understands philosophy as grounded in a deep wonder about life and the world that is universal to the human experience, as well as meeting a fundamental need for both explanation and consolation. This account of the nature of philosophy leads to further important discussions concerning the relationship between philosophy and religion, the value of mysticism, and the possibility of social progress. Through examining Schopenhauer’s account of how and why philosophy is done, this book sheds crucial new light on a thinker whose ideas continue to both provoke and inspire.

Essays on Schopenhauer and Nietzsche

Author : Christopher Janaway
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192635026
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Essays on Schopenhauer and Nietzsche by : Christopher Janaway

Download or read book Essays on Schopenhauer and Nietzsche written by Christopher Janaway and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-29 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together fourteen essays by Christopher Janaway on the philosophy of Schopenhauer and Nietzsche. They illuminate central philosophical issues in the work of these thinkers - the death of God, the meaning of existence, suffering, compassion, the will, Christian values, the affirmation or negation of life. Some of the essays concern Schopenhauer in his own right, focusing on his concept of will to life, an underlying drive which constitutes our inner essence, but which traps us in self-centred desire, a wrong identification of our true self with the human individual, an egoistic conception of the good, conflict with other beings, and an existence pervaded by suffering. Opposed to the will to life stands everything of real value: art, morality, and the kind of redemption from suffering recognized by mystics from several of the world's religions. Other essays discuss Nietzsche's critical responses to Schopenhauer, and his own challenging views on related topics. For Nietzsche, morality is a questionable phenomenon and egoism is wrongly maligned; suffering is an enhancement of life, and the attempt to eliminate it is impoverishing; art is full, not drained, of willing; the world religions and the whole idea of being saved from our life are symptoms of a malaise from which modern culture has somehow to recover. The book also features discussions of the reception of Schopenhauer by two contemporaries of Nietzsche, Richard Wagner and the analyst of pessimism, Olga Plümacher.

Understanding Schopenhauer through the Prism of Indian Culture

Author : Arati Barua
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110271583
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (12 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Understanding Schopenhauer through the Prism of Indian Culture by : Arati Barua

Download or read book Understanding Schopenhauer through the Prism of Indian Culture written by Arati Barua and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arthur Schopenhauer was the first Western thinker who incorporated thoughts of the Upanishads in his own philosophy. His appreciation for Indian philosophy and culture is quite well known. Presently serious research work is going on in different disciplines in different academic institutions and universities in the West to examine the influence of Indian philosophy and culture in the philosophical thinking of Germany, particularly in relation to Arthur Schopenhauer and vice versa. This book provides a common platform for interaction to the scholars from East and West to express their views on the link between Eastern and Western philosophy. It significantly contributes to a better understanding not only of the connection between Schopenhauer and Indian philosophical systems but also of the increasing interest in this relation. The book includes papers of eminent scholars. The papers shed new light on the relationship between Schopenhauer's philosophy and the different aspects of Indian philosophy and culture, and thus offer a rich source of research material.

Schopenhauer: The World as Will and Representation: Volume 2

Author : Arthur Schopenhauer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108578365
Total Pages : 766 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Schopenhauer: The World as Will and Representation: Volume 2 by : Arthur Schopenhauer

Download or read book Schopenhauer: The World as Will and Representation: Volume 2 written by Arthur Schopenhauer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-09 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the Cambridge Edition of the Works of Schopenhauer is to offer translations of the best modern German editions of Schopenhauer's work in a uniform format for Schopenhauer scholars, together with philosophical introductions and full editorial apparatus. The World as Will and Representation contains Schopenhauer's entire philosophy, ranging through epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of mind and action, aesthetics and philosophy of art, to ethics, the meaning of life and the philosophy of religion. This second volume was added to the work in 1844, and revised in 1859. Its chapters are officially 'supplements' to the first volume, but are indispensable for a proper appreciation of Schopenhauer's thought. Here we have his most mature reflections on many topics, including sex, death, conscious and unconscious desires, and the doctrines of salvation and liberation in Christian and Indian thought. Schopenhauer clarifies the nature of his metaphysics of the will, and synthesizes insights from a broad range of literary, scientific and scholarly sources. This new translation reflects the eloquence and power of Schopenhauer's prose, and renders philosophical terms accurately and consistently. It offers an introduction, glossary of names, bibliography, and succinct editorial notes.

Indian Philosophy and Yoga in Germany

Author : Owen Ware
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003807453
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Indian Philosophy and Yoga in Germany by : Owen Ware

Download or read book Indian Philosophy and Yoga in Germany written by Owen Ware and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-10-19 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds new light on the fascinating – at times dark and at times hopeful – reception of classical Yoga philosophies in Germany during the nineteenth century. When debates over God, religion, and morality were at a boiling point in Europe, Sanskrit translations of classical Indian thought became available for the first time. Almost overnight India became the centre of a major controversy concerning the origins of western religious and intellectual culture. Working forward from this controversy, this book examines how early translations of works such as the Bhagavad Gītā and the Yoga Sūtras were caught in the crossfire of another debate concerning the rise of pantheism, as a doctrine that identifies God and nature. It shows how these theological concerns shaped the image of Indian thought in the work of Schlegel, Gunderrode, Humboldt, Hegel, Schelling, and others, lasting into the nineteenth century and beyond. Furthermore, this book explores how worries about the perceived nihilism of Yoga were addressed by key voices in the early twentieth century Indian Renaissance – notably Dasgupta, Radhakrishnan, and Bhattacharyya – who defended sophisticated counterreadings of their intellectual heritage during the colonial era. Written for non-specialists, Indian Philosophy and Yoga in Germany will be of interest to students and scholars working on nineteenth-century philosophy, Indian philosophy, comparative philosophy, Hindu studies, intellectual history, and religious history.

On the Suffering of the World

Author : Arthur Schopenhauer
Publisher : Watkins Media Limited
ISBN 13 : 1913462048
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (134 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis On the Suffering of the World by : Arthur Schopenhauer

Download or read book On the Suffering of the World written by Arthur Schopenhauer and published by Watkins Media Limited. This book was released on 2020-12-08 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the Suffering of the World is a collection of the later aphoristic writings of Arthur Schopenhauer, known for their incisive, aphoristic style and dark, pessimistic view of human existence. Edited and with an introduction by Eugene Thacker, On the Suffering of the World comprises a core selection of Schopenhauer's later writings, gathered together for the first time in print. These texts, produced during the last decades of Schopenhauer's long life, reveal a unique kind of philosophy, expressed in a singular style. Eschewing the tradition of dry, totalizing, academic philosophy prevalent during the time, Schopenhauer's later writings mark a shift towards a philosophy of aphorisms, fragments, anecdotes and observations, written in a literary style that is by turns antagonistic, resigned, confessional, and filled with all the fragile contours of an intellectual memoir. Here Schopenhauer allows himself to pose challenging questions regarding the fate of the human species, the role of suffering in the world, and the rift between self and world that increasingly has come to define human existence, to this day. It is these writings of Schopenhauer that later generations of artists, poets, musicians, and philosophers would identify as exemplifying the pessimism of their era, and perhaps of our own as well. On the Suffering of the Worldis presented with an introduction that places Schopenhauer's thought in its intellectual context, while also connecting it to contemporary concerns over climate change, the anthropocene, and the spectre of human extinction. The book also includes a bibliography and chronology of Schopenhauer's life.

German Aesthetics

Author : J. D. Mininger
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1501321471
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (13 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis German Aesthetics by : J. D. Mininger

Download or read book German Aesthetics written by J. D. Mininger and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2016-09-22 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book of its kind, German Aesthetics assembles a who's who of German studies to explore 200 years of intellectual history, spanning literature, philosophy, politics, and culture.

Ecocriticism in Japan

Author : Hisaaki Wake
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 149852785X
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Ecocriticism in Japan by : Hisaaki Wake

Download or read book Ecocriticism in Japan written by Hisaaki Wake and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecocriticism in Japan provides an answer to the question, “What can ecocriticism do when engaging with Japanese literature and culture?” Engaging works ranging from The Tale of Genji to Abe, Ōe, Ishimure, and Miyazaki, this volume examines works Japanese people and culture in terms of nature and environment.

Chinese dreams in Romantic England

Author : Edward Weech
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 152616454X
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (261 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Chinese dreams in Romantic England by : Edward Weech

Download or read book Chinese dreams in Romantic England written by Edward Weech and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brilliant polymath and part of the 'first wave' of British Romanticism, Thomas Manning was one of the first Englishmen to study Chinese language and culture. Like famous friends including Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Charles Lamb, Manning was inspired by the French Revolution and had ambitious plans for making a better world. While his contemporaries turned to the poetic imagination and the English countryside, Manning looked further afield – to China, one of the world’s most ancient and sophisticated civilizations. In 1790s Britain, China was terra incognita. Manning undertook a quest to learn the secrets of its language and culture. His travels included the salons of Napoleonic Paris, a period as a prisoner of war, a dramatic shipwreck and, disguised as a Buddhist pilgrim, a trek through the Himalayas to Tibet, where he met the Dalai Lama. But when he returned to England, his ideas confronted an increasingly Sinophobic climate and he failed to publish the grand work his peers had expected for so long. After his death, his outward-looking vision was eclipsed by the English-rural poetic vision of Romanticism, and he was forgotten. Manning’s extraordinary story, here told in full for the first time using recently discovered archival sources, sheds a new light on English Romanticism and the course of cultural exchange between Britain and Asia at the dawn of the nineteenth century.

Panentheism in Indian and Western Thought

Author : Benedikt Paul Göcke
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000932109
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Panentheism in Indian and Western Thought by : Benedikt Paul Göcke

Download or read book Panentheism in Indian and Western Thought written by Benedikt Paul Göcke and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-08-30 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For too long, scholars interested in panentheism have focused almost exclusively on Western approaches to the issue. This book offers the first in-depth study of a wide range of Indian paradigms of panentheism, both ancient and modern, and brings these paradigms into creative and constructive dialogue with Western traditions. This volume features original essays written by leading international scholars. The volume discusses a broad range of Indian panentheistic traditions, including the Upaniṣads, Bhedābheda Vedānta, Rāmānuja’s Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta, Yogācāra Buddhism, and the Ramakrishna-Vivekananda tradition. The chapters connect these traditions with Western panentheistic conceptions developed by thinkers such as Spinoza, Berkeley, Schopenhauer, Krause, Royce, Tononi and Koch, and Western process philosophers. Panentheism in Indian and Western Thought will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in philosophy of religion, Indian philosophy, comparative philosophy, and comparative religion.

Handbook of Mindfulness

Author : Ronald E. Purser
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319440195
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Handbook of Mindfulness by : Ronald E. Purser

Download or read book Handbook of Mindfulness written by Ronald E. Purser and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-25 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook explores mindfulness philosophy and practice as it functions in today’s socioeconomic, cultural, and political landscape. Chapters discuss the many ways in which classic concepts and practices of mindfulness clash, converge, and influence modern theories and methods, and vice versa. Experts across many disciplines address the secularization and commercialization of Buddhist concepts, the medicalizing of mindfulness in therapies, and progressive uses of mindfulness in education. The book addresses the rise of the, “mindfulness movement”, and the core concerns behind the critiques of the growing popularity of mindfulness. It covers a range of dichotomies, such as traditional versus modern, religious versus secular, and commodification versus critical thought and probes beyond the East/West binary to larger questions of economics, philosophy, ethics, and, ultimately, meaning. Featured topics include: A compilation of Buddhist meditative practices. Selling mindfulness and the marketing of mindful products. A meta-critique of mindfulness critiques - from McMindfulness to critical mindfulness Mindfulness-based interventions in clinical psychology and neuroscience. Corporate mindfulness and usage in the workplace. Community-engaged mindfulness and its role in social justice. The Handbook of Mindfulness is a must-have resource for clinical psychologists, complementary and alternative medicine professionals/practitioners, neuroscientists, and educational and business/management leaders and policymakers as well as related mental health, medical, and educational professionals/practitioners.

Richard Wagner and Buddhism

Author : Urs App
Publisher : UniversityMedia
ISBN 13 : 3906000001
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (6 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Richard Wagner and Buddhism by : Urs App

Download or read book Richard Wagner and Buddhism written by Urs App and published by UniversityMedia. This book was released on 2011 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is little known that Richard Wagner was among the very first Westerners to appreciate Buddhism and that he was the first major European artist to be inspired by this religion. In 1856, in the prime of his creativity, the 33-year-old artist read his first book about Buddhism. Madly in love with Mathilde Wesendonck, a beautiful but happily married woman, he conceived two deeply connected opera projects: Tristan und Isolde which he went on to compose and stage, and Die Sieger (The Victors), an opera scenario based on an Indian Buddha legend translated from Sanskrit. These two projects mirrored Wagner's burning desire for the consummation of his love and the necessity of renunciation. This Buddhist opera project occupied Wagner's mind for decades until his death in 1883. Indeed, the composer's last words were about the Buddha figure of his scenario and his relationship with women. Urs App, the author of The Birth of Orientalism (University of Pennsylvania Press) and the world's foremost authority on the early Western reception of Buddhism, tells the story of Richard Wagner's creative encounter with Buddhism and explains the composer's last words.