Satellites And Commissars

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Satellites and Commissars

Author : Randall W. Stone
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691225133
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Satellites and Commissars by : Randall W. Stone

Download or read book Satellites and Commissars written by Randall W. Stone and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-09 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did the Soviet Union squander the political leverage afforded by its trade subsidy to Eastern Europe? Why did Soviet officials fail to bargain with resolve, to link subsidies to salient political issues, to make credible commitments, and to monitor the satellites' policies? Using an unprecedented array of formerly secret documents housed in archives in Moscow, Warsaw, and Prague, as well as interviews with former Communist officials across Eastern Europe, Randall Stone answers these questions and others that have long vexed Western political scientists. Stone argues that trade politics revolved around the incentives created by distorted prices. The East European satellites profited by trading on the margin between prices on the Western market and those in the Soviet bloc. The Soviet Union made numerous attempts to reduce its implicit trade subsidy and increase the efficiency of the bloc, but the satellites managed consistently to outmaneuver Soviet negotiators. Stone demonstrates how the East Europeans artfully resisted Soviet objectives. Stone draws upon recent developments in bargaining and principal-agent theory, arguing that the incentives created by domestic institutions weakened Soviet bargaining strategies. In effect, he suggests, perverse incentive structures in the Soviet economy were exported into Soviet foreign policy. Furthermore, Stone argues, incentives to smother information were so deeply entrenched that they frustrated numerous attempts to reform Soviet institutions.

The Oxford Handbook of the Cold War

Author : Richard H. Immerman
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191643610
Total Pages : 680 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the Cold War by : Richard H. Immerman

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Cold War written by Richard H. Immerman and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of the Cold War offers a broad reassessment of the period war based on new conceptual frameworks developed in the field of international history. Nearing the 25th anniversary of its end, the cold war now emerges as a distinct period in twentieth-century history, yet one which should be evaluated within the broader context of global political, economic, social, and cultural developments. The editors have brought together leading scholars in cold war history to offer a new assessment of the state of the field and identify fundamental questions for future research. The individual chapters in this volume evaluate both the extent and the limits of the cold war's reach in world history. They call into question orthodox ways of ordering the chronology of the cold war and also present new insights into the global dimension of the conflict. Even though each essay offers a unique perspective, together they show the interconnectedness between cold war and national and transnational developments, including long-standing conflicts that preceded the cold war and persisted after its end, or global transformations in areas such as human rights or economic and cultural globalization. Because of its broad mandate, the volume is structured not along conventional chronological lines, but thematically, offering essays on conceptual frameworks, regional perspectives, cold war instruments and cold war challenges. The result is a rich and diverse accounting of the ways in which the cold war should be positioned within the broader context of world history.

Competition in Socialist Society

Author : Katalin Miklóssy
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317752759
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Competition in Socialist Society by : Katalin Miklóssy

Download or read book Competition in Socialist Society written by Katalin Miklóssy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how the concept of "competition", which is usually associated with market economies, operated under state socialism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, where the socialist system, based on command economic planning and state-centred control over society, was supposed to emphasise "co-operation", rather than competitive mechanisms. The book considers competition in a wider range of industries and social fields across the Soviet bloc, and shows how the gradual adoption and adaptation of Western practices led to the emergence of more open competitiveness in socialist society. The book includes discussion of the state’s view of competition, and focuses especially on how competition operated at the grassroots level. It covers politico-economic reforms and their impact, both overall and at the enterprise level; competition in the cultural sphere; and the huge effect of increasing competition on socialist ways of thinking.

The International Politics of Eurasia: v. 9: The End of Empire? Comparative Perspectives on the Soviet Collapse

Author : S. Frederick Starr
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315483637
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis The International Politics of Eurasia: v. 9: The End of Empire? Comparative Perspectives on the Soviet Collapse by : S. Frederick Starr

Download or read book The International Politics of Eurasia: v. 9: The End of Empire? Comparative Perspectives on the Soviet Collapse written by S. Frederick Starr and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-16 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1997. This book is the ninth in a series often volumes produced by the Russian Littoral Project, The project shares the conviction that the transformation of the former Soviet republics into independent states demands systematic analysis of the determinants of the domestic and foreign policies of the new countries. The series of volumes is intended to provide a basis for comprehensive scholarly study of these issues. This volume was shaped by the author’s view that future scholarship about the post Soviet world requires both specialized research and broad-gauge studies that carefully juxtapose the breakup of the Soviet empire with the transformation of other multinational empires.

New Energies

Author : Stephen G. Gross
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822989883
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis New Energies by : Stephen G. Gross

Download or read book New Energies written by Stephen G. Gross and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2023-02-28 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 250 years, energy transitions have occurred repeatedly—the rise of coal in the nineteenth century, the explosion of oil in the twentieth century, the nuclear utopianism of the 1950s and 1960s. These transitions have been as revolutionary as any political or economic upheaval, and they required changes in infrastructure and behavior. Yet new energies never wholly replace old ones. This volume historicizes energy production and consumption while demonstrating how energy use has reshaped everything from social life and economic organization to political governance. It foregrounds the importance of energy for big historical questions about capitalism, democracy, inequality, the environment, and identity, and it argues that energy systems themselves merit attention as key agents of historical change. Given the urgency of climate change, and the central position that energy plays in causing and potentially solving global warming, this volume engages history as a discipline in the debate over what may be most monumental energy transition of all time: the shift away from fossil fuels.

The End of Empire?

Author : Karen Dawisha
Publisher : M.E. Sharpe
ISBN 13 : 9781563243691
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (436 download)

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Book Synopsis The End of Empire? by : Karen Dawisha

Download or read book The End of Empire? written by Karen Dawisha and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 1997 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1997. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an Informa company.

Alternative Globalizations

Author : James Mark
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 025304653X
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternative Globalizations by : James Mark

Download or read book Alternative Globalizations written by James Mark and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-11 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization has become synonymous with the seemingly unfettered spread of capitalist multinationals, but this focus on the West and western economies ignores the wide variety of globalizing projects that sprang up in the socialist world as a consequence of the end of the European empires. This collection is the first to explore alternative forms of globalization across the socialist world during the Cold War. Gathering the work of established and upcoming scholars of the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and China, Alternative Globalizations addresses the new relationships and interconnections which emerged between a decolonizing world in the postwar period and an increasingly internationalist eastern bloc after the death of Stalin. In many cases, the legacies of these former globalizing impulses from the socialist world still exist today. Divided into four sections, the works gathered examine the economic, political, developmental, and cultural aspects of this exchange. In doing so, the authors break new ground in exploring this understudied history of globalization and provide a multifaceted study of an increasing postwar interconnectedness across a socialist world.

1968: The World Transformed

Author : Carole Fink
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521646376
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (463 download)

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Book Synopsis 1968: The World Transformed by : Carole Fink

Download or read book 1968: The World Transformed written by Carole Fink and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-10-28 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1968: The World Transformed presents a global perspective on the tumultuous events of the most crucial year in the era of the Cold War. By interpreting 1968 as a transnational phenomenon, authors from Europe and the United States explain why the crises of 1968 erupted almost simultaneously throughout the world. Together, the eighteen chapters provide an interdisciplinary and comparative approach to the rise and fall of protest movements worldwide. The book represents an effort to integrate international relations, the role of media, and the cross-cultural exchange of people and ideas into the history of that year. 1968 emerges as a global phenomenon because of the linkages between domestic and international affairs, the powerful influence of the media, the networks of communication among activists, and the shared opposition to the domestic and international status quo in the name of freedom and self-determination.

The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Regionalism

Author : Tanja A. Börzel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191504866
Total Pages : 696 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Regionalism by : Tanja A. Börzel

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Regionalism written by Tanja A. Börzel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-02-04 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Regionalism - the first of its kind - offers a systematic and wide-ranging survey of the scholarship on regionalism, regionalization, and regional governance. Unpacking the major debates, leading authors of the field synthesize the state of the art, provide a guide to the comparative study of regionalism, and identify future avenues of research. Twenty-seven chapters review the theoretical and empirical scholarship with regard to the emergence of regionalism, the institutional design of regional organizations and issue-specific governance, as well as the effects of regionalism and its relationship with processes of regionalization. The authors explore theories of cooperation, integration, and diffusion explaining the rise and the different forms of regionalism. The handbook also discusses the state of the art on the world regions: North America, Latin America, Europe, Eurasia, Asia, North Africa and the Middle East, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Various chapters survey the literature on regional governance in major issue areas such as security and peace, trade and finance, environment, migration, social and gender policies, as well as democracy and human rights. Finally, the handbook engages in cross-regional comparisons with regard to institutional design, dispute settlement, identities and communities, legitimacy and democracy, as well as inter- and transregionalism.

Disruption

Author : Michael De Groot
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501774123
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Disruption by : Michael De Groot

Download or read book Disruption written by Michael De Groot and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2024-03-15 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Disruption, Michael De Groot argues that the global economic upheaval of the 1970s was decisive in ending the Cold War. Both the West and the Soviet bloc struggled with the slowdown of economic growth; chaos in the international monetary system; inflation; shocks in the commodities markets; and the emergence of offshore financial markets. The superpowers had previously disseminated resources to their allies to enhance their own national security, but the disappearance of postwar conditions during the 1970s forced Washington and Moscow to choose between promoting their own economic interests and supporting their partners in Europe and Asia. De Groot shows that new unexpected macroeconomic imbalances in global capitalism sustained the West during the following decade. Rather than a creditor nation and net exporter, as it had been during the postwar period, the United States became a net importer of capital and goods during the 1980s that helped fund public spending, stimulated economic activity, and lubricated the private sector. The United States could now live beyond its means and continue waging the Cold War, and its allies benefited from access to the booming US market and the strengthened US military umbrella. As Disruption demonstrates, a new symbiotic economic architecture powered the West, but the Eastern European regimes increasingly became a burden to the Soviet Union. They were drowning in debt, and the Kremlin no longer had the resources to rescue them.

The Last Decade of the Cold War

Author : Olav Njolstad
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135754128
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (357 download)

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Book Synopsis The Last Decade of the Cold War by : Olav Njolstad

Download or read book The Last Decade of the Cold War written by Olav Njolstad and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1980s was a period of almost unprecedented rivalry and tension between the two main actors in the East-West conflict, the United States and the Soviet Union. Why and how that conflict first escalated and thereafter, in an amazingly swift process, was reversed and brought to its peaceful conclusion at the end of the decade is the topic of this volume. With individual contributions by eighteen well-known scholars of international relations and history from various countries, the book addresses the role of the United States, the former Soviet Union, and the countries of western and eastern Europe in that remarkable last decade of the Cold War, and discusses how particular events as well as underlying political, ideological, social, and economic factors may have contributed to the remarkable transformation that took place.

Between East and South

Author : Anna Calori
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 311064603X
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Between East and South by : Anna Calori

Download or read book Between East and South written by Anna Calori and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-10-21 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Cold War, alternative globalization projects were underway: socialist Eastern Europe and left-leaning countries in the Third World maintained close economic relations. The two worlds traded and exchanged know-how and technology. This book examines the specific spaces of interaction of these exchanges and discusses the consequences for those projects of globalization undertaken in both world regions.

Red Globalization

Author : Oscar Sanchez-Sibony
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139867881
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Red Globalization by : Oscar Sanchez-Sibony

Download or read book Red Globalization written by Oscar Sanchez-Sibony and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-06 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Was the Soviet Union a superpower? Red Globalization is a significant rereading of the Cold War as an economic struggle shaped by the global economy. Oscar Sanchez-Sibony challenges the idea that the Soviet Union represented a parallel socio-economic construct to the liberal world economy. Instead he shows that the USSR, a middle-income country more often than not at the mercy of global economic forces, tracked the same path as other countries in the world, moving from 1930s autarky to the globalizing processes of the postwar period. In examining the constraints and opportunities afforded the Soviets in their engagement of the capitalist world, he questions the very foundations of the Cold War narrative as a contest between superpowers in a bipolar world. Far from an economic force in the world, the Soviets managed only to become dependent providers of energy to the rich world, and second-best partners to the global South.

Entangled Geographies

Author : Gabrielle Hecht
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262515784
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Entangled Geographies by : Gabrielle Hecht

Download or read book Entangled Geographies written by Gabrielle Hecht and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Cold War was not simply a duel of superpowers. It took place not just in Washington and Moscow, but also in the social and political arenas of geographically far-flung countries emerging from colonial rule. Moreover, Cold War tensions were manifest not only in global political disputes, but also in struggles over technology. Technological systems and expertise offered a powerful way to shape countries politically, economically, socially, and culturally. [This book] explores how Cold War politics, imperialism, and postcolonial nation building became entangled in technologies and considers the legacies of those entanglements for today's globalized world. The essays address such topics as the islands and atolls taken over for military and technological purposes by the supposedly non-imperial United States, apartheid-era South Africa's efforts to achieve international legitimacy as a nuclear nation, international technical assistance and Cold War politics, the Saudi irrigation system that spurred a Shi'i rebellion, and the momentary technopolitics of emergency as practiced by Medecins sans Fronti?res"--Publisher description.

Oxford Handbook of Commodities History

Author : Stubbs
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197502679
Total Pages : 753 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxford Handbook of Commodities History by : Stubbs

Download or read book Oxford Handbook of Commodities History written by Stubbs and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Commodities provide a lens through which local and global histories can be understood and written. The study of commodities history follows these goods as they make their way from land and water through processing and trade to eventual consumption. It is a fast-developing field with collaborative, comparative, and interdisciplinary research, with new information technologies becoming increasingly important. Although many individual researchers continue to focus on particular commodities and regions, they often do so in partnership with others working on different areas and employing a range of theoretical and methodological approaches, placing commodities history at the forefront of local and global historical analysis. This Oxford Handbook features contributions from scholars involved in these developments across a range of countries and linguistic regions. They discuss the state of the art in their fields, draw on their own work, and signal lacunae for future research. Each of its 31 chapters focuses on an important thematic area within commodities history: key approaches, global histories, modes of production, people and land, environmental impact, consumption, and new methodologies. Taken together, the Oxford Handbook of Commodities History offers insight into the directions in which commodities history is heading, and the multiple ways in which it can contribute to a better understanding of the world"--

Between Solidarity and Economic Constraints

Author : Christoph Bernhardt
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110658496
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Between Solidarity and Economic Constraints by : Christoph Bernhardt

Download or read book Between Solidarity and Economic Constraints written by Christoph Bernhardt and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-04-26 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until the end of the Cold War in 1990, building projects and architectural icons played an important role in the self-portrayal of the competing systems. However, as the current research shows, we also find a large variety of forms of cooperation between the East, the South, and the West, not to forget the manifold cross-border entanglements within the South or the East. This book explores the intersection of two strands of research. On the one hand, interaction in the field of architecture and construction between actors from socialist countries and from countries of the Global South have increasingly won interest amongst historians of architecture and planning. On the other hand, in the context of the strongly emerging Cold War Studies, scholars have explored cooperation and circulation across the Iron Curtain with a focus on economic and research planning. This book connects perspectives of planning, construction and architectural design with those on economic interests and conflicts in projects and networks. Furthermore, it opens the view to the hubs of communication and exchange, and on patterns of longterm transformation and appropriation of architecture.

Reassessing Cold War Europe

Author : Sari Autio-Sarasmo
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136898352
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis Reassessing Cold War Europe by : Sari Autio-Sarasmo

Download or read book Reassessing Cold War Europe written by Sari Autio-Sarasmo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-10-18 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a reassessment of Europe in the Cold War period, 1945-91. This book shows that relations between East and West were based not only on confrontation and mutual distrust, but also on collaboration. It reveals that there is in fact considerable interaction and exchange between states, enterprises, associations, organisations and individuals.