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Author : Jose Antonio Ugalde
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (79 download)
Download or read book Rocking Response of Bridges on Shallow Foundations written by Jose Antonio Ugalde and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : José Antonio Ugalde
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (945 download)
Download or read book Rocking Response of Bridges on Shallow Foundations written by José Antonio Ugalde and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Grigorios Antonellis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (919 download)
Download or read book Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Bridges with Columns Supported on Rocking Foundations written by Grigorios Antonellis and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this dissertation is to investigate the use of rocking foundations in bridges for enhanced seismic design and performance and the reduction of post-earthquake damage. The seismic response of bridge systems was studied numerically using three-dimensional nonlinear models, whereas bridge columns with rocking foundations and superstructure mass were studied both numerically and experimentally. The experimental part consisted of the shake-table testing of large scale bridge columns with shallow rocking foundations using physical modeling of the underlying soil. Using the data from these tests, a three-dimensional model with Winkler springs was modified and validated for rocking shallow foundations designed with high factors of safety against vertical loads. The proposed model was then used on a parametric study to investigate the seismic demand on a large variety of bridge piers with rocking shallow foundations.
Author : Andreas Gerasimos Gavras
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781658413060
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Experiments, Analysis, Displacement-based Assessment, and Database of Rocking Foundations written by Andreas Gerasimos Gavras and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of intentional mobilization of controlled soil inelasticity and foundation uplift, as a rational and economical seismic protection strategy, has much matured as a result of extensive research over the last two decades. This dissertation provides further evidence and tools that contribute toward the implementation of rocking foundations in practice with emphasis on bridges applications. In response to the lack of high-quality experimental data on the seismic response of full-scale rocking foundations, a series of large-scale tests, involving reinforced concrete bridge columns with footings embedded into dense sand, was completed. The experimental program investigated the alignment of the footings to the shaking direction and included varying groundwater table elevations and footing backfill conditions. This study yielded results that corroborate the cumulative centrifuge experiments-based understanding of the dynamic behavior of rocking foundations and confirmed that loose and dry cohesionless backfill soil can ravel under the rocking footing at large rotations, resulting in reduced settlement, reduced stiffness degradation, enhanced energy dissipation, but potentially also causing permanent rotations. A modified beam-on-nonlinear-Winkler-foundation (BNWF) modeling scheme, representing a departure from previous attempts to capture both the vertical and rotational nonlinear responses of a shallow footing, was proposed. The considered scheme is cast around the foundation critical contact area ratio and the trilinear moment-rotation backbone of Deng et al. (2014), and is calibrated to four physical model tests. The calibrated scheme captured successfully the experimental response in terms of moment-rotation envelope, hysteretic energy dissipation and recentering across a range of rotation amplitudes and rocking-induced soil inelasticity. Settlement accumulation was captured for rotation amplitudes less than 0.025 rad but was overestimated at larger rotations. Displacement-based assessment (DBA) guidelines for bridges with rocking foundations were developed. Nonlinear response history analyses of idealized footing-column-mass models, using the calibrated BNWF model, were conducted to determine the fraction of the area-based hysteretic damping that is effective in reducing the seismic displacement demand and evaluate the importance of P-[delta] effects, in refinement of the Deng at al. (2014) study for elastic cantilever bridge columns on rocking foundations. The DBA guidelines were subsequently extended to bridge bents that also include plastic hinging at the top of the column. The bent-level equivalent-linear properties are derived, considering independent foundation-rocking and column-hinging subsystems and constant location for the contraflexure point based on their inelastic capacities. Comparison with a detailed nonlinear pushover analysis-based procedure for representative cases showed that the simplified procedure is practical and sufficient for estimating the total displacement demand, but less accurate at the component level. Lastly, provisions for multi-span bridges that follow a system-level approach for the longitudinal direction and an isolated-bent approach with modified mass and stiffness characteristics for the transverse direction were presented. The guidelines were applied to hypothetically redesign two existing bridges with rocking foundations. Numerical analyses of the full bridges demonstrated the accuracy of the procedure, except for the transverse response of bridges with high strength and energy dissipation at the abutments. Finally, a new rocking shallow foundation performance database, containing dynamic experimental results from five centrifuge and three 1g shaking table test series, was created. Its usefulness was illustrated through example correlations between the peak drift ratio demand of the structures and selected ground motion intensity measures. The fundamental value of the database is that it allows easy access to summary information and derived time series data that can be used to obtain empirical correlations, validate numerical models and design guidelines, and identify future experimental priorities.
Author : Andres Oscar Espinoza
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (785 download)
Download or read book Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Bridges Allowed to Uplift During Multi-Directional Excitation written by Andres Oscar Espinoza and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Bridges Allowed to Uplift During Multi-Directional Excitation by Andres Oscar Espinoza Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering - Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California, Berkeley Professor Stephen A. Mahin, Chair The behavior of bridges subjected to recent moderate and large earthquakes has led to bridge design detailed for better seismic performance, particularly through wider bridge foundations to handle larger expected design forces. Foundation uplift, which is not employed in conventional bridge design, has been identified as an important mechanism, in conjunction with structural yielding and soil-structure interaction that may dissipate energy during earthquakes. Preventing uplift through wider foundations looks past the technical and economical feasibility of allowing foundation uplift during seismic events. The research presented in this thesis is part of a larger experimental and analytical investigation to develop and validate design methods for bridge piers on shallow foundations allowed to uplift during seismic events. Several analytical and some experimental studies have been performed to assess rocking and or uplift of shallow foundation systems, however they have evaluated systems with a limited range of footing dimensions and seismic excitations. As such, there is an uncertainty in the information needed to base a performance evaluation and develop design methods. The purpose of this study is to investigate, through experimental and analytical studies, the seismic performance of uplifting bridge piers on shallow foundations when considering different ground motions and footing dimensions. As well as to identify key differences in performance evaluation criteria for conventional and uplifting bridge pier systems. The experimental study dynamically tested a single reinforced concrete bridge column specimen with three adjustable footing configurations grouped by footing dimension, and tested for various combinations of one, two, and three components of seismic excitation. Groups one and two evaluated uplifting systems where the column was limited to elastic loading levels while group three considered inelastic column loading levels. All test groups remained stable and exhibited some rocking and or uplift during testing. Analytical models were developed and validated using the experimental testing results to predict local and global footing and column response. Reliable estimates of forces and displacements during elastic and inelastic response were achieved. To assess the seismic performance of a range of bridge pier systems allowed to uplift a parametric investigation using the validated analytical models was performed in which the column was modeled per conventional design criteria to ensure adequate strength and flexural ductility. The parameters varied include footing width, ground motion excitation, and elastic or inelastic column response. Response of the uplifting bridge pier systems was found to be sensitive to the structural periods, magnitude of excitation, and footing width.
Author : K. J. McManus
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 99 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (113 download)
Download or read book The Seismic Response of Bridge Structures Free to Rock on Their Foundations written by K. J. McManus and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : T.G. Sitharam
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9813340053
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (133 download)
Download or read book Seismic Design and Performance written by T.G. Sitharam and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents select papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics. The papers discuss advances in the fields of soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering. Some of the themes include seismic design of deep & shallow foundations, soil structure interaction under dynamic loading, marine structures, etc. A strong emphasis is placed on connecting academic research and field practice, with many examples, case studies, best practices, and discussions on performance based design. This volume will be of interest to researchers and practicing engineers alike.
Author : Jacquelyn Denise Allmond
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321361995
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (619 download)
Download or read book Shallow Rocking Foundations in Liquefiable and Saturated Soil Conditions written by Jacquelyn Denise Allmond and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current research has shown the capabilities and improved seismic performance of shallow rocking foundations for bridges, and much work has been done for implementation of such a mechanism in industry. By properly reducing the size of the footing in design, rocking behavior due to seismic loading can occur about the footing base. Allowing the foundation to rock causes a natural recentering of the foundation, ultimately preserving the structural integrity of the column and reducing residual rotations of the structure if soil conditions are favorable. It has been shown experimentally that rocking foundations on competent soils can reduce seismic ductility demand on bridge columns and improve bridge performance through significant energy dissipation at the foundation level, rather than from a hinging column in conventional design. This beneficial energy dissipation potential is attractive for design, but has not been validated for rocking foundations in difficult soils. The overall goals of this research are to (1) evaluate the performance of rocking foundations in liquefiable and saturated soils and (2) explore the viability of rocking foundations in poor soil conditions if the foundations are supported on unattached piles. Two centrifuge tests were performed with similar model structures representing a deck mass-column-footing system on fully saturated sand with a liquefiable layer and surface water. The tests explored the structure, soil, and fluid responses due to suction, erosion, and liquefaction induced settlements under the footings. It was found that the rocking footing embedded in fine soil experienced high residual rotations throughout testing. This is due to a "no breakaway" condition, a mechanism which emerges from a relatively large drop in pore water pressure directly under the footing as it uplifts in lower permeable soil, ultimately pulling in material under the footing and increasing residual rotations with each event. Deep soil foundation improvement by use of unattached piles was also tested in both experiments to explore applicability, effectiveness, and practicality of settlement reduction while still allowing rocking. The results were used to evaluate effects of pile capacity, number of piles, and arrangement of piles on the residual settlement and base shear coefficient to initiate rocking. Finally, a new centrifuge test database was created, whereby the performance of isolated mat and rocking foundations, and adjacent mat foundations from 9 different centrifuge experiments on liquefiable sand are compared. Results from this research will help define the appropriate applicability range of rocking foundations in seismic design.
Author :
Publisher : OAE Publishing Inc.
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 15 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Isolated shallow rocking foundation on different soils with varying embedment depth written by and published by OAE Publishing Inc.. This book was released on 2024-01-29 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although seismic design concepts integrated the idea of shallow rocking foundations as an effective way to dissipate the induced seismic energy, a practical design solution is yet to be established. To attain this objective, it is necessary to identify the key parameters that govern the rocking efficacy of foundation and eventually overall seismic performance of the entire structure. The primary focus of this study is to assess the key parameters such as soil type and embedment depth of footing in conjunction with varying rocking foundation efficacy on the seismic force and displacement demands of the Reinforced Concrete (RC) buildings. A simplified generic high rise RC building along with its foundation is considered for the analytical study which is designed and detailed as per relevant Indian Standards. To highlight the beneficial effects of rocking foundation, seismic responses of the RC buildings with varying foundation rocking efficacy are compared with the conventional foundation design philosophies by conducting nonlinear dynamic time history analyses. From the seismic responses, it is determined that the moment from column to foundation and base shear, owing to seismic action, decreases with an increasing settlement at the base of the foundation for rocking footing. It is also observed from the seismic responses that rocking foundations effectively de-amplifies the peak roof acceleration by utilizing the nonlinear soil responses during earthquakes. Hence, it can be depicted that the foundation rocking improves the overall stability of the buildings by decreasing the seismic force demands with a slight increase in seismic displacement demands. The investigation also indicates that the efficacy of rocking foundation is not sensitive to embedment depth of footing.
Author : Masaki Kitazume
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203589637
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)
Download or read book The Deep Mixing Method written by Masaki Kitazume and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Deep Mixing Method (DMM), a deep in-situ soil stabilization technique using cement and/or lime as a stabilizing agent, was developed in Japan and in the Nordic countries independently in the 1970s. Numerous research efforts have been made in these areas investigating properties of treated soil, behavior of DMM improved ground under static and d
Author : M. J. N. Priestley
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471579984
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (799 download)
Download or read book Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges written by M. J. N. Priestley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-04-12 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of their structural simplicity, bridges tend to beparticularly vulnerable to damage and even collapse when subjectedto earthquakes or other forms of seismic activity. Recentearthquakes, such as the ones in Kobe, Japan, and Oakland,California, have led to a heightened awareness of seismic risk andhave revolutionized bridge design and retrofit philosophies. In Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges, three of the world's topauthorities on the subject have collaborated to produce the mostexhaustive reference on seismic bridge design currently available.Following a detailed examination of the seismic effects of actualearthquakes on local area bridges, the authors demonstrate designstrategies that will make these and similar structures optimallyresistant to the damaging effects of future seismicdisturbances. Relying heavily on worldwide research associated with recentquakes, Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges begins with anin-depth treatment of seismic design philosophy as it applies tobridges. The authors then describe the various geotechnicalconsiderations specific to bridge design, such as soil-structureinteraction and traveling wave effects. Subsequent chapters coverconceptual and actual design of various bridge superstructures, andmodeling and analysis of these structures. As the basis for their design strategies, the authors' focus is onthe widely accepted capacity design approach, in which particularlyvulnerable locations of potentially inelastic flexural deformationare identified and strengthened to accommodate a greater degree ofstress. The text illustrates how accurate application of thecapacity design philosophy to the design of new bridges results instructures that can be expected to survive most earthquakes withonly minor, repairable damage. Because the majority of today's bridges were built before thecapacity design approach was understood, the authors also devoteseveral chapters to the seismic assessment of existing bridges,with the aim of designing and implementing retrofit measures toprotect them against the damaging effects of future earthquakes.These retrofitting techniques, though not considered appropriate inthe design of new bridges, are given considerable emphasis, sincethey currently offer the best solution for the preservation ofthese vital and often historically valued thoroughfares. Practical and applications-oriented, Seismic Design and Retrofit ofBridges is enhanced with over 300 photos and line drawings toillustrate key concepts and detailed design procedures. As the onlytext currently available on the vital topic of seismic bridgedesign, it provides an indispensable reference for civil,structural, and geotechnical engineers, as well as students inrelated engineering courses. A state-of-the-art text on earthquake-proof design and retrofit ofbridges Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges fills the urgent need for acomprehensive and up-to-date text on seismic-ally resistant bridgedesign. The authors, all recognized leaders in the field,systematically cover all aspects of bridge design related toseismic resistance for both new and existing bridges. * A complete overview of current design philosophy for bridges,with related seismic and geotechnical considerations * Coverage of conceptual design constraints and their relationshipto current design alternatives * Modeling and analysis of bridge structures * An exhaustive look at common building materials and theirresponse to seismic activity * A hands-on approach to the capacity design process * Use of isolation and dissipation devices in bridge design * Important coverage of seismic assessment and retrofit design ofexisting bridges
Author : Rolando P. Orense
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203838203
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (38 download)
Download or read book Soil-Foundation-Structure Interaction written by Rolando P. Orense and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-07-20 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil-Foundation-Structure Interaction contains selected papers presented at the International Workshop on Soil-Foundation-Structure Interaction held in Auckland, New Zealand from 26-27 November 2009. The workshop was the venue for an international exchange of ideas, disseminating information about experiments, numerical models and practical en
Author : Manish Shrikhande
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819915791
Total Pages : 763 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of 17th Symposium on Earthquake Engineering (Vol. 3) written by Manish Shrikhande and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 763 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents select proceedings of the 17th Symposium on Earthquake Engineering organized by the Department of Earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee. The topics covered in the proceedings include engineering seismology and seismotectonics, earthquake hazard assessment, seismic microzonation and urban planning, dynamic properties of soils and ground response, ground improvement techniques for seismic hazards, computational soil dynamics, dynamic soil–structure interaction, codal provisions on earthquake-resistant design, seismic evaluation and retrofitting of structures, earthquake disaster mitigation and management, and many more. This book also discusses relevant issues related to earthquakes, such as human response and socioeconomic matters, post-earthquake rehabilitation, earthquake engineering education, public awareness, participation and enforcement of building safety laws, and earthquake prediction and early warning system. This book is a valuable reference for researchers and professionals working in the area of earthquake engineering.
Author : Francesco Silvestri
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429632010
Total Pages : 8083 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)
Download or read book Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering for Protection and Development of Environment and Constructions written by Francesco Silvestri and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-19 with total page 8083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering for Protection and Development of Environment and Constructions contains invited, keynote and theme lectures and regular papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering (Rome, Italy, 17-20 June 2019. The contributions deal with recent developments and advancements as well as case histories, field monitoring, experimental characterization, physical and analytical modelling, and applications related to the variety of environmental phenomena induced by earthquakes in soils and their effects on engineered systems interacting with them. The book is divided in the sections below: Invited papers Keynote papers Theme lectures Special Session on Large Scale Testing Special Session on Liquefact Projects Special Session on Lessons learned from recent earthquakes Special Session on the Central Italy earthquake Regular papers Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering for Protection and Development of Environment and Constructions provides a significant up-to-date collection of recent experiences and developments, and aims at engineers, geologists and seismologists, consultants, public and private contractors, local national and international authorities, and to all those involved in research and practice related to Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering.
Author : Christophe Gaudin
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315776871
Total Pages : 1366 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (157 download)
Download or read book ICPMG2014 - Physical Modelling in Geotechnics written by Christophe Gaudin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 1366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 8th International Conference on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics (ICPMG2014) was organised by the Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems at the University of Western Australia under the auspices of the Technical Committee 104 for Physical Modelling in Geotechnics of the International Society of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. This quadrennial conference is the traditional focal point for the physical modelling community of academics, scientists and engineers to present and exchange the latest developments on a wide range of physical modelling aspects associated with geotechnical engineering. These proceedings, together with the seven previous proceedings dating from 1988, present an inestimable collection of the technical and scientific developments and breakthroughs established over the last 25 years. These proceedings include 10 keynote lectures from scientific leaders within the physical modelling community and 160 peer-reviewed papers from 26 countries. They are organised in 14 themes, presenting the latest developments in physical modelling technology, modelling techniques and sensors, through a wide range of soil-structure interaction problems, including shallow and deep foundations, offshore geotechnics, dams and embankments, excavations and retaining structures and slope stability. Fundamental aspects of earthquake engineering, geohazards, ground reinforcements and improvements, and soil properties and behaviour are also covered, demonstrating the increasing complexity of modelling arising from state-of-the-art technological developments and increased understanding of similitude principles. A special theme on education presents the latest developments in the use of physical modelling techniques for instructing undergraduate and postgraduate students in geotechnical engineering.
Author : S. Syngellakis
Publisher : WIT Press
ISBN 13 : 1784663999
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (846 download)
Download or read book Structures Under Shock and Impact XVI written by S. Syngellakis and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing need to protect civilian infrastructure and industrial facilities against unintentional loads arising from accidental impact and explosion events as well as terrorist attacks is of major importance. While advances have been made in recent years, many challenges remain, such as to develop more effective and efficient blast and impact mitigation approaches than those that currently exist. The primary focus remains the survivability of physical facilities and the protection of people, as well as reducing economic losses and impact on the environment, with emphasis on innovative protective technologies to support the needs of an economically growing, modern society. The application of this technology ranges from the safe transportation of people and dangerous materials to defences against natural hazards such as floods, wind, storms, tsunamis and earthquakes. Large scale testing is prohibitive and small scale laboratory testing results in scaling uncertainties. Continuing research is therefore essential to improve knowledge on how these structures behave under a variety of load actions, some of which interact making it even more complex and difficult to define. Consequently, more use of advanced numerical simulations for load and structural response calculations is common practice in industry and research. Such calculations can directly be used in design and risk assessment calculations, but also be applied to more simplified design tools and design codes. Whether numerical or analytical modelling techniques are employed, experimental validation is vital for there to be acceptance of the approach to be used. The included papers, presented at the 16th International Conference on Structures under Shock and Impact, highlight new research ideas and results to promote a better understanding of the critical issues relating to the testing behaviour, modelling and analyses of protective structures against blast and impact loading.
Author : Stephane Grange
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119887682
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (198 download)
Download or read book Deterministic Numerical Modeling of Soil Structure Interaction written by Stephane Grange and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-12-22 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to describe soil–structure interaction in various situations (nonlinear, static, dynamic, hydro-mechanical couplings), this book gives an overview of the main modeling methods developed in geotechnical engineering. The chapters are centered around: the finite element method (FEM), the finite difference method (FDM), and the discrete element method (DEM). Deterministic Numerical Modeling of Soil–Structure Interaction allows the reader to explore the classical and well-known FEM and FDM, using interface and contact elements available for coupled hydro-mechanical problems. Furthermore, this book provides insight on the DEM, adapted for interaction laws at the grain level. Within a classical finite element framework, the concept of macro-element is introduced, which generalizes constitutive laws of SSI and is particularly straightforward in dynamic situations. Finally, this book presents the SSI, in the case of a group of structures, such as buildings in a town, using the notion of metamaterials and a geophysics approach.
