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Rift Valley Fever Surveillance
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Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251302448 Total Pages :84 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis RIFT VALLEY FEVER SURVEILLANCE by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book RIFT VALLEY FEVER SURVEILLANCE written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed for veterinarians and animal health professionals, this guide to effective disease surveillance aims to reduce the socioeconomic consequences of Rift Valley fever outbreaks and prevent them where possible.
Download or read book Rift Valley Fever Surveillance written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The New Public Health by : Theodore H. Tulchinsky
Download or read book The New Public Health written by Theodore H. Tulchinsky and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-03-26 with total page 911 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Public Health has established itself as a solid textbook throughout the world. Translated into 7 languages, this work distinguishes itself from other public health textbooks, which are either highly locally oriented or, if international, lack the specificity of local issues relevant to students' understanding of applied public health in their own setting. This 3e provides a unified approach to public health appropriate for all masters' level students and practitioners—specifically for courses in MPH programs, community health and preventive medicine programs, community health education programs, and community health nursing programs, as well as programs for other medical professionals such as pharmacy, physiotherapy, and other public health courses. Changes in infectious and chronic disease epidemiology including vaccines, health promotion, human resources for health and health technology Lessons from H1N1, pandemic threats, disease eradication, nutritional health Trends of health systems and reforms and consequences of current economic crisis for health Public health law, ethics, scientific d health technology advances and assessment Global Health environment, Millennium Development Goals and international NGOs
Book Synopsis Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines by :
Download or read book Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 996 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design of Surveillance Plans for Rift Valley Fever in Two Different Ecological Zones in Southern Africa by : Hendrik Stephanus Camphor
Download or read book Design of Surveillance Plans for Rift Valley Fever in Two Different Ecological Zones in Southern Africa written by Hendrik Stephanus Camphor and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an economically important, vector-borne transboundary livestock disease caused by a zoonotic arbovirus and is characterized by irregular epidemics occurring under favourable climatic and environmental conditions. A prominent feature of RVF is the occurrence of large abortion storms in pregnant livestock and mass mortality of susceptible newborn animals in affected regions, along with human illness in high risk groups in close contact with infectious livestock or competent arthropod vectors during RVF epidemics. Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) has in recent decades spread beyond historical endemic foci in sub-Saharan Africa to trigger epidemics in livestock and human populations further afield and is now considered a major veterinary public health, food security and potential bioterrorism threat. Disease surveillance and timely reporting of epizootic or epidemic disease events, e.g. outbreaks of RVF remain suboptimal in many countries in Africa. In the context of southern Africa, two key problems constrain the development of effective surveillance systems for RVF, namely: 1. A lack of knowledge of the epidemiology of RVF; and 2. A lack of well-designed surveillance plans, tailored to regions. The epidemiology of RVF is highly complex and shaped not only by macro-scale climatic events but also location-specific idiosyncrasies in the vector-borne disease complex such as local climatic, environmental, vector and vertebrate host variables and agent characteristics. Regional differences in RVF ecology highlight the challenges associated with the accurate, timely identification and description of key determinants leading to outbreaks of RFV in different ecological zones, which complicate and often delay the implementation of risk mitigation measures. Following a comprehensive literature review of the epidemiology of RVF in sub-Saharan Africa -- with particular reference to Mozambique and South Africa -- this dissertation aims to address the above two key problems in relation to RVF surveillance by means of: 1. A systematic description of factors known or suspected to be relevant to RVF ecology in two different ecological zones in southern Africa; and 2. The design of two active, hazard-specific surveillance plans focused on the risk-based sampling of sentinel livestock and arthropod vectors to describe the baseline level, distribution and impact of RVF at selected sentinel sites in each ecological zone. The plan for one ecological zone incorporates a surveillance component for the detection of clinical RVF infection in human patients, whereas both plans suggest a framework for the monitoring of key environmental variables as well as the active sampling of RVFV reservoir candidate vertebrate wildlife. The ultimate aim, although beyond the scope of this dissertation, is the creation of two integrated surveillance systems where all of the above-mentioned data can be incorporated and analyzed in a geographic information system (GIS) platform. If implemented correctly, the respective plans should produce surveillance system outputs that can be used to support the timely, cost-effective implementation of risk mitigation measures when surveillance estimates cross defined thresholds, and that can contribute to the development of predictive risk models for each ecological zone.
Book Synopsis Transboundary Animal Diseases in Sahelian Africa and Connected Regions by : Moustafa Kardjadj
Download or read book Transboundary Animal Diseases in Sahelian Africa and Connected Regions written by Moustafa Kardjadj and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book primarily focuses on the African Sahel region, shedding new light on the epidemiology, socio-economics, clinical manifestations and control approaches of transboundary animal diseases (TADs) in this specific region. In addition to the description of TADs in Sahelian Africa and connected regions, several issues regarding the burden of TADs, the role of national/regional/international veterinary organizations in the surveillance process, animal mobility, one health and TADs in the dromedary are discussed. The book contains 22 chapters and is structured in three parts, i- general features and commonalities, ii- viral diseases, iii- bacterial diseases. Each chapter was written by a group of experts specialized in the topic. This work will be of general interest to researchers, veterinarians, veterinary public health officers, and students engaged in the surveillance and control of animal infectious diseases, included those of zoonotic nature and that are prevalent in the Sahel.
Book Synopsis Achieving Sustainable Global Capacity for Surveillance and Response to Emerging Diseases of Zoonotic Origin by : National Research Council
Download or read book Achieving Sustainable Global Capacity for Surveillance and Response to Emerging Diseases of Zoonotic Origin written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-01-22 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the biggest threats today is the uncertainty surrounding the emergence of a novel pathogen or the re-emergence of a known infectious disease that might result in disease outbreaks with great losses of human life and immense global economic consequences. Over the past six decades, most of the emerging infectious disease events in humans have been caused by zoonotic pathogens-those infectious agents that are transmitted from animals to humans. In June 2008, the Institute of Medicine's and National Research Council's Committee on Achieving Sustainable Global Capacity for Surveillance and Response to Emerging Diseases of Zoonotic Origin convened a workshop. This workshop addressed the reasons for the transmission of zoonotic disease and explored the current global capacity for zoonotic disease surveillance.
Book Synopsis Under the Weather by : National Research Council
Download or read book Under the Weather written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-29 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the dawn of medical science, people have recognized connections between a change in the weather and the appearance of epidemic disease. With today's technology, some hope that it will be possible to build models for predicting the emergence and spread of many infectious diseases based on climate and weather forecasts. However, separating the effects of climate from other effects presents a tremendous scientific challenge. Can we use climate and weather forecasts to predict infectious disease outbreaks? Can the field of public health advance from "surveillance and response" to "prediction and prevention?" And perhaps the most important question of all: Can we predict how global warming will affect the emergence and transmission of infectious disease agents around the world? Under the Weather evaluates our current understanding of the linkages among climate, ecosystems, and infectious disease; it then goes a step further and outlines the research needed to improve our understanding of these linkages. The book also examines the potential for using climate forecasts and ecological observations to help predict infectious disease outbreaks, identifies the necessary components for an epidemic early warning system, and reviews lessons learned from the use of climate forecasts in other realms of human activity.
Book Synopsis The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-04-09 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zoonotic diseases represent one of the leading causes of illness and death from infectious disease. Defined by the World Health Organization, zoonoses are "those diseases and infections that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and man with or without an arthropod intermediate." Worldwide, zoonotic diseases have a negative impact on commerce, travel, and economies. In most developing countries, zoonotic diseases are among those diseases that contribute significantly to an already overly burdened public health system. In industrialized nations, zoonotic diseases are of particular concern for at-risk groups such as the elderly, children, childbearing women, and immunocompromised individuals. The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases: Understanding the Impact on Animal and Human Health, covers a range of topics, which include: an evaluation of the relative importance of zoonotic diseases against the overall backdrop of emerging infections; research findings related to the current state of our understanding of zoonotic diseases; surveillance and response strategies to detect, prevent, and mitigate the impact of zoonotic diseases on human health; and information about ongoing programs and actions being taken to identify the most important needs in this vital area.
Book Synopsis Sustaining Global Surveillance and Response to Emerging Zoonotic Diseases by : National Research Council
Download or read book Sustaining Global Surveillance and Response to Emerging Zoonotic Diseases written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-01-24 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: H1N1 ("swine flu"), SARS, mad cow disease, and HIV/AIDS are a few examples of zoonotic diseases-diseases transmitted between humans and animals. Zoonotic diseases are a growing concern given multiple factors: their often novel and unpredictable nature, their ability to emerge anywhere and spread rapidly around the globe, and their major economic toll on several disparate industries. Infectious disease surveillance systems are used to detect this threat to human and animal health. By systematically collecting data on the occurrence of infectious diseases in humans and animals, investigators can track the spread of disease and provide an early warning to human and animal health officials, nationally and internationally, for follow-up and response. Unfortunately, and for many reasons, current disease surveillance has been ineffective or untimely in alerting officials to emerging zoonotic diseases. Sustaining Global Surveillance and Response to Emerging Zoonotic Diseases assesses some of the disease surveillance systems around the world, and recommends ways to improve early detection and response. The book presents solutions for improved coordination between human and animal health sectors, and among governments and international organizations. Parties seeking to improve the detection and response to zoonotic diseases-including U.S. government and international health policy makers, researchers, epidemiologists, human health clinicians, and veterinarians-can use this book to help curtail the threat zoonotic diseases pose to economies, societies, and health.
Book Synopsis Emerging Infectious Diseases from the Global to the Local Perspective by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Emerging Infectious Diseases from the Global to the Local Perspective written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-03-29 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In October 1999, the Forum on Emerging Infections of the Institute of Medicine convened a two-day workshop titled "International Aspects of Emerging Infections." Key representatives from the international community explored the forces that drive emerging infectious diseases to prominence. Representatives from the Americas, Africa, Asia and the Pacific, and Europe made formal presentations and engaged in panel discussions. Emerging Infectious Diseases from the Global to the Local Perspective includes summaries of the formal presentations and suggests an agenda for future action. The topics addressed cover a wide range of issues, including trends in the incidence of infectious diseases around the world, descriptions of the wide variety of factors that contribute to the emergence and reemergence of these diseases, efforts to coordinate surveillance activities and responses within and across borders, and the resource, research, and international needs that remain to be addressed.
Book Synopsis Veterinary Epidemiology by : Michael Thrusfield
Download or read book Veterinary Epidemiology written by Michael Thrusfield and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-24 with total page 1046 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This successful book, now in its third edition, continues to provide a comprehensive introduction to the role of epidemiology in veterinary medicine. Since the publication of the second edition there has been considerable expansion in the application of veterinary epidemiology: more quantitative methods are available, challenges such as the epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease in Europe in 2001 have required epidemiological investigation, and epidemiological analyses have taken on further importance with the emergence of evidence-based veterinary medicine. In this edition: Completely revised and expanded chapters; Increased attention given to the principles and concepts of epidemiology, surveillance, and diagnostic-test validation and performance; Many examples are drawn from both large and small animal medicine, and from the developing as well as the developed world This paperback edition includes a new section on risk analysis. Veterinary Epidemiology is an invaluable reference source for veterinary general practitioners, government veterinarians, agricultural economists and members of other disciplines interested in animal disease. It will also be essential reading for undergraduate and intermediate-level postgraduate students of epidemiology.
Book Synopsis Decision-support tool for prevention and control of Rift Valley fever epizootics in the Greater Horn of Africa by :
Download or read book Decision-support tool for prevention and control of Rift Valley fever epizootics in the Greater Horn of Africa written by and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Preparation of Rift Valley Fever Contingency Plans by : W. A. Geering
Download or read book Preparation of Rift Valley Fever Contingency Plans written by W. A. Geering and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2002 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral animal disease which causes periodic severe epidemics, principally involving ruminant animals. As well as its severe socio-economic and public health consequences, this serious transboundary animal disease is a major constraint to international livestock trade. This manual provides information on the nature of RVF and options for its prevention, control and elimination. It outlines a suggested national RVF contingency plan, to be modified to suit the circumstances of individual countries, as well as identifying personnel, equipment and other facilities required.
Book Synopsis Infectious Disease Movement in a Borderless World by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Infectious Disease Movement in a Borderless World written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern transportation allows people, animals, and plants-and the pathogens they carry-to travel more easily than ever before. The ease and speed of travel, tourism, and international trade connect once-remote areas with one another, eliminating many of the geographic and cultural barriers that once limited the spread of disease. Because of our global interconnectedness through transportation, tourism and trade, infectious diseases emerge more frequently; spread greater distances; pass more easily between humans and animals; and evolve into new and more virulent strains. The IOM's Forum on Microbial Threats hosted the workshop "Globalization, Movement of Pathogens (and Their Hosts) and the Revised International Health Regulations" December 16-17, 2008 in order to explore issues related to infectious disease spread in a "borderless" world. Participants discussed the global emergence, establishment, and surveillance of infectious diseases; the complex relationship between travel, trade, tourism, and the spread of infectious diseases; national and international policies for mitigating disease movement locally and globally; and obstacles and opportunities for detecting and containing these potentially wide-reaching and devastating diseases. This document summarizes the workshop.
Book Synopsis Entomological and Rift Valley Fever Surveillance Support to Operation Bright Star FY94 by :
Download or read book Entomological and Rift Valley Fever Surveillance Support to Operation Bright Star FY94 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Operational vector surveillance and preventive medicine assistance, both personnel and materiel, were provided to U.S. military medical support elements(s) of the biennial OPERATION BRIGHT STAR 94. Troop deployment phase of this joint military exercise between United States and Egyptian armed forces was conducted during the period 31 October through 23 November 1993. Preventive medicine concerns, particularly the threat of Rift Valley fever (RVF), in and around areas into which the exercise would occur prompted requests for assistance from various cognizant preventive medicine offices. Arthropod surveillance field teams and essential logistic and administrative support elements were established in response to specific requests. Aggressive arthropod surveillance operations were initiated on 08 November 1993, and were conducted at both Beni Suef AFB and Cario West AFB throughout the exercise. Overall, almost 1,000 mosquitoes were collected during 126 trap-nights of the survey. Culex pipiens was the most prevalent species collected, accounting for more than 87% of the overall total specimens captured, while Cx. perexiguus and Ae. caspius made up 3.6% and 7.9%, respectively. Two potential malaria vectors, An. pharoensis and An, multicolor, accounted for 0.3% and 0.7%, respectively, of the total mosquitoes collected. Additionally, 490 U.S. Troop deployed to Beni Suef AFB were enrolled into an oral diagnostic protocol to assess their exposure to Rift Valley fever. Professional and technical support provided by NAMRU-3 during BRIGHT STAR 94, indicates how extremely valuable military overseas research laboratories are in supporting deployed troops.
Book Synopsis Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-11-11 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early detection is essential to the control of emerging, reemerging, and novel infectious diseases, whether naturally occurring or intentionally introduced. Containing the spread of such diseases in a profoundly interconnected world requires active vigilance for signs of an outbreak, rapid recognition of its presence, and diagnosis of its microbial cause, in addition to strategies and resources for an appropriate and efficient response. Although these actions are often viewed in terms of human public health, they also challenge the plant and animal health communities. Surveillance, defined as "the continual scrutiny of all aspects of occurrence and spread of a disease that are pertinent to effective control", involves the "systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health data." Disease detection and diagnosis is the act of discovering a novel, emerging, or reemerging disease or disease event and identifying its cause. Diagnosis is "the cornerstone of effective disease control and prevention efforts, including surveillance." Disease surveillance and detection relies heavily on the astute individual: the clinician, veterinarian, plant pathologist, farmer, livestock manager, or agricultural extension agent who notices something unusual, atypical, or suspicious and brings this discovery in a timely way to the attention of an appropriate representative of human public health, veterinary medicine, or agriculture. Most developed countries have the ability to detect and diagnose human, animal, and plant diseases. Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection: Assessing the Challenges-Finding Solutions, Workshop Summary is part of a 10 book series and summarizes the recommendations and presentations of the workshop.
