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Author : Fabrizio Guidotti
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (633 download)
Download or read book Rheological properties of cast cured PBX (Plastic Bonded eXplosives written by Fabrizio Guidotti and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Arthur Provatas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (223 download)
Download or read book Formulation and Performance Studies of Polymer Bonded Explosives (PBX) Containing Energetic Binder Systems written by Arthur Provatas and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: In an effort to comply with Insensitive Munitions (IM) criteria together with the expectation of increasing the warhead performance against specified targets, two part energetic binder systems comprising an energetic polymer and plasticiser that offer promise for future use in PBX (polymer bonded explosive) fills in high performance, tactical missiles have been investigated. Warhead fills within modern missiles such as ASRAAM (Advanced Short Range Air-to-Air Missiles) typically contain cast-cured PBXs comprising high energetics loadings in an inert binder matrix. The use of the inert binder, which comprises around 20% of the final formulation, dilutes the final energy output of the PBX. To this end, several energetic binder formulations have been developed that may offer potential use in ASRAAM type missiles. By use of energetic binders systems comprising polyGLYN and KIO or GLYN oligomer plasticiser, increases in performance parameters were observed. This technical report details the formulation of several PBXs developed to maximise casting density and processibility for potential use in ASRAAM warheads that may offer improved IM properties.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)
Download or read book Formulation and Performance Studies of Polymer Bonded Explosives (PBX) Containing Energetic Binder Systems. Part 1 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an effort to comply with Insensitive Munitions (IM) criteria together with the expectation of increasing warhead performance against specified targets, two-part energetic binder systems comprising an energetic polymer and plasticizer that offer promise for future use in PBX (polymer bonded explosive) fills in high-performance, tactical missiles were investigated. Warhead fills within modern missiles such as ASRAAM (Advanced Short Range Air-to-Air Missiles) typically contain cast-cured PBXs comprising high-energetic loadings in an inert binder matrix. The use of the inert binder, which constitutes around 20% of the final formulation, dilutes the final energy output of the PBX. To this end, several energetic binder formulations were developed that may offer potential use in ASRAAM-type missiles. By use of energetic binder systems comprising polyGLYN and K10 or GLYN oligomer plasticizer, increases in performance parameters were observed. This technical report details the formulation of several PBXs developed to maximize casting density and processibility for potential use in ASRAAM warheads that may offer improved IM properties.
Download or read book Effects of Binder Concentration on the Properties of Plastic-bonded Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of plastic-bonded explosives (PBX) has been formulated with more binder than is normally contained in high-energy formulations. Adding a relatively small amount of binder to a material such as PBX 9501 (95/2.5/1.25/1.25 wt % HMX/Estane/BDNPA/BDNPF (the BDNPA and BDNPF form a eutectic that is frequently called simply the eutectic)) was found to decrease the shock sensitivity while not decreasing the energy of the explosive. The best compromise for a PBX 9501-type material contains about 92 wt % HMX. Adding additional binder does not continue to decrease the gap sensitivity of the formulation; however, the energy of the PBX decreases as expected. The higher-binder formulations are of potential use because of the possibility of formulating a PBX with energy similar to TATB formulations, such as PBX 9502 (95/5 wt % TATB/Kel-F 800), and with a higher strain to failure. 2 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (873 download)
Download or read book Fatigue of LX-14 and LX-19 Plastic Bonded Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The DOD uses the plastic bonded explosive (PBX) LX-14 in a wide variety of applications including shaped charges and explosively forged projectiles. LX- 19 is a higher energy explosive, which could be easily substituted for LX-14 because it contains the identical Estane 5703p binder and more energetic CL-20 explosive. Delivery systems for large shaped charges, such as TOW-2, include the Apache helicopter. Loads associated with vibrations and expansion from thermal excursions in field operations may, even at low levels over long time periods, cause flaws, already present in the PBX to grow. Flaws near the explosive/liner interface of a shaped charge can reduce performance. Small flaws in explosives are one mechanism (the hot spot mechanism) proposed for initiation and growth to detonation of PBXs like LX-14, PBXN 5, LX-04 and LX-17 among others. Unlike cast-cured explosives and propellants, PBXs cannot usually be compression molded to full density. Generally, the amount of explosive ignited by a shock wave is approximately equal to the original void volume. Whether or not these flaws or cracks grow during field operations to an extent sufficient to adversely affect the shaped charge performance or increase the vulnerability of the PBX is the ultimate question this effort could address. Currently the fatigue life of LX-14 under controlled conditions is being studied in order to generate its failure stress as a function of the number of fatigue cycles (S- N curve). Proposed future work will address flaw and crack growth and their relationship to hot-spot concentration and explosive vulnerability to shock and/or fragment initiation.
Author : E. C. Martin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (819 download)
Download or read book Effects of Surface Interactions and Mechanical Properties of PBXs on Explosive Sensitivity written by E. C. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book General Chemistry Technical Note No. 61--new Developments in Plastic Bonded Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two new explosives are under development at Lawrence Radiation Laboratory (LRL) which show considerable promise as replacements for PBX 9404 (and also PBX 9010). Three primary considerations have guided us in the development of these explosives. Compared to PBX 9404 we have sought a significant decrease it sensitivity, a substantial gain in mechanical properties and as little loss in energy and detonation velocity as possible. While testing is not complete on these materials and probably won't be for quite some time sufficient information is available to warrant a complete status report at this time. An index of the topics covered herein is: Formulations and Raw Materials; Molding Powder; Explosive Performance; Sensitivity; Thermal Stability; Compatibility; Mechanical Properties; Machinability; Pressability; and Comparison of the Two Materials.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book A Parametric Pressing Study Using a Plastic-bonded Explosive written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pressed plastic-bonded explosives, PBXs, are commonly used by defense and private industry. PBX 9501 is composed of HMX crystals held together with a plastic binder 'softened' with plasticizers. The detonation behavior of any explosive is very dependent upon its density, with the desire to have a uniform, high density throughout the explosive component. A parametric study has been performed pressing PBX 9501 hydrostatically and uniaxially. The effects of several pressing parameters on the bulk density and density profile, as well as mechanical properties, have been measured. The parameters investigated include pressure, temperature, number of cycles, dwell time, rest time, sack thickness, and particle distribution and size. Density distributions within the pressed explosives were also compared.
Author : John David Yeager
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Microstructural Characterization of Simulated Plastic-bonded Explosives written by John David Yeager and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Expansion of PBX 9501 and PBX 9502 Plastic-bonded Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two applications of thermal expansion measurements on plastic-bonded explosive (PBX) composites are described. In the first dilatometer application, thermal expansion properties of HMX-based PBX 9501 are measured over a broad thermal range that includes glass and domain-restructuring transitions in the polymeric binder. Results are consistent with other thermal measurements and analyses performed on the composite, as well as on the binder itself. The second application used the dilatometer to distinguish the reversible and irreversible components of thermal expansion in PBX 9502, a TATB-based explosive. Irreversible expansion of the composite is believed to derive from the highly-anisotropic coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) values measured on single T A TB crystals, although the mechanism is not well understood. Effects of specimen density, thermal ramp rate, and thermal range variation (warm first or cold first) were explored, and the results are presented and discussed. Dilatometer measurements are ongoing towards gaining insight into the mechanism(s) responsible for PBX 9502 irreversible thermal expansion.
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Shear Band Formation in Plastic Bonded Explosive (PBX). written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adiabatic shear bands can be a source of ignition and lead to detonation. At low to moderate deformation rates, 10-1000/s, two other mechanisms can also give rise to shear bands. These mechanisms are: 1) softening caused by microcracking and 2) a constitutive response with a non-associated flow rule as is observed in granular material such as soil. Brittle behavior at small strains and the granular nature of HMX suggest that PBX-9501 constitutive behavior may be similar to sand. A constitutive model for the first of these mechanisms is studied in a series of calculations. This viscoelastic constitutive model for PBX-9501 softens via a statistical crack model. A sand model is used to provide a non-associated flow rule and detailed results will be reported elsewhere. Both models generate shear band formation at 1-2% strain at nominal strain rates at and below 1000/s. Shear band formation is suppressed at higher strain rates. Both mechanisms may accelerate the formation of adiabatic shear bands.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of International Seminar, Force Multiplier Technologies for Naval and Land Warfare October 13-15, 1999, Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributed articles presented at the Seminar.
Download or read book Thermal Expansion of Plastic Bonded Explosives PBX 9501 and 9502 written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Effects of Temperature and Pressure on the Glass Transitions of Plastic Bonded Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various plastic bonded explosives (PBXs) contain about 5-wt% polymer, plasticizer, and stabilizer as binder. The glass-transition temperature (T{sub g}) determines, in part, if the binder will reduce or increase the sensitivity of the PBX to impact. A soft binder reduces the impact sensitivity; however, too soft a binder compromises the mechanical strength below that desirable for dimensional stability. Glass transitions were measured by temperature modulated DSC for PBXs before and after pressing. Pressing temperature was 90 C. The T{sub g} of Estane, a polyester/polyurethane used in some PBX binders, was investigated. Only small changes were observed in the low temperature T{sub g} of the soft segments but larger changes were seen in the higher temperature transitions due to the relaxation of the hard segments. The T{sub g} of Kel F 800, a binder used in insensitive PBX 9502, was observed near ambient temperature. The PBX 9502 had a lower T{sub g} than the neat polymer. Mechanical strength will be measured for the samples.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 91 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Equivalent Weight Factors for Four Plastic Bonded Explosives: PBX-108, PBX-109, AFX-103 and AFX-702 written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Four free-air, shock-front parameters, peak overpressure, positive impulse, time of arrival, and positive duration, were used to determine the equivalent weight factor for four plastic-bonded explosives; AFX-103, AFX-702, PBX-108, and PBX-109. The equivalent weight factor, a measure of explosive effectiveness relative to that of a scaled standard explosive, is the weight ratio of the weight of any subject explosive to the weight of a standard explosive (pentolite) for equal gage readings (pressure, time of arrival, etc.) at equal distances. The aluminized explosives, AFX-702 and PBX-109 were found to be more effective than the non-aluminized explosives, AFX-103 and PBX-108, over the distance interval, approximately one to eighteen meters, for which measurements were made. Theoretical computations show that the non-aluminized explosives examined have higher pressures than the aluminized explosives within ten charge radii of the explosive. An unexpectedly high-intensity electromagnetic pulse generated by the aluminized, plastic-bonded explosives made it impossible to make measurements at scaled distances less than 0.58 m/ KG(to the 1/3 power). (Author).
Download or read book On the Re-use of TATB in Plastic-bonded Explosives (PBX) (u). written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gregg Kent Sullivan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (539 download)
Download or read book Plastic Bonded Explosive (PBX) Particle Size Distribution (PSD) Measurements Using an Image Analysis System written by Gregg Kent Sullivan and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
