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Revision Of The Bee Genus Chlerogella Hymenoptera Halictidae Part Ii South American Species And Generic Diagnosis
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Book Synopsis Revision of the Bee Genus Chlerogella (Hymenoptera, Halictidae), Part II: South American Species and Generic Diagnosis by : Michael S. Engel
Download or read book Revision of the Bee Genus Chlerogella (Hymenoptera, Halictidae), Part II: South American Species and Generic Diagnosis written by Michael S. Engel and published by PenSoft Publishers LTD. This book was released on 2010-05-21 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ÿThe genus Chlerogella historically has been one of the most infrequently encountered lineages of augochlorine bees (Apoidea: Anthophila: Halictidae: Augochlorini). By 1993 only three species were described and less than 40 specimens were known of a group presumed to be species poor and of limited geographic scope. With their frequently elongate heads and characteristic habitus, species of the genus are quite distinctive, and although the available material of these rare bees has grown to only 165, the number of species and their broader distribution has expanded significantly. This volume completes a revision of the world?s species of Chlerogella, completing the large South American fauna (Part I, covering Central America, is available in ZooKeys 23). In total, the genus has grown from three species to 34 (27 are treated in the current work). Color photomicrographs, detailed descriptions, and keys are provided to permit identification of the currently known taxa and aid the future discovery of new species. Unfortunately, almost nothing is known of the biology of these fascinating bees and this work will hopefully aid the discovery and elucidation of their natural history.
Book Synopsis Revision of the Rare Mesoamerican Bee Genus Mexalictus (Hymenoptera by : Sheila Dumesh
Download or read book Revision of the Rare Mesoamerican Bee Genus Mexalictus (Hymenoptera written by Sheila Dumesh and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mesoamerican bee genus Mexalictus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Halictinae) is a group of rare bees which are found at high elevations from southern Arizona (USA) to Panama. The genus is revised using traditional taxonomic approaches. The following twenty one new species are described: M. albofasciatus Dumesh, n. sp., M. anatolii Dumesh, n. sp., M. astriatus Dumesh, n. sp., M. ayalai Dumesh, n. sp., M. benyamini Dumesh, n. sp., M. diversus Dumesh, n. sp., M. jovelus Dumesh, n. sp., M. genalis Dumesh, n. sp., M. gibbsi Dumesh n. sp., M. guatemalensis Dumesh, n. sp., M. hansoni Dumesh, n. sp., M. hondurensis Dumesh, n. sp., M. laurencei Dumesh, n. sp., M. mandibularis Dumesh, n. sp., M. nicaraguensis Dumesh, n. sp., M. punctatus Dumesh, n. sp., M. raavo Dumesh, n. sp., M. sheffieldi Dumesh, n. sp., M. veracruzense Dumesh, n. sp., M. verdazulus Dumesh, n. sp., M. vitriolus Dumesh, n. sp. These and five previously known species are diagnosed, described, illustrated, and keyed. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 43 unordered morphological characters, resulted in 4 equally most parsimonious trees (L=176; Ci=36.4; Ri=56.6). Based upon these results, the subgeneric classification of Mexalictus into Georgealictus and Mexalictus s.str., is resurrected.
Book Synopsis Classification of the Bee Tribe Augochlorini (Hymenoptera:Halictidae) by : Michael S. Engel
Download or read book Classification of the Bee Tribe Augochlorini (Hymenoptera:Halictidae) written by Michael S. Engel and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The halictid bee tribe Augochlorini is revised at the level of genus and subgenus. Forty-one genera and subgenera are recognized with two being extinct. New subgenera of Augochlora, Electraugochlora, and of Oligochlora, Soliapis, are described for new fossils from Tertiary amber of the Dominican Republic. Complete taxonomic histories are given along with information on revisions at the species level, biological studies, and general distribution for each family- and genus-group taxon. The following subgenera are newly synonymized: Aethechlora new junior subjective synonym of Oxystoglossella, Mycterochlora new junior subjective synonym of Augochlora, Vachalius new junior subjective synonym of Neocorynurella, and Neocorynuroides new junior subjective synonym of Neocorynura. The group Glyptochlora is resurrected from synonymy as a valid subgenus of Augochloropsis. The males of Chlerogella and Micrommation are described for the first time. A key to the genera and subgenera of the tribe is presented along with a key to the species of the rare Augochloropsis (Glyptochlora). Suprageneric relationships in the tribe are explored cladistically. Characters of adult external morphology (72 characters) and ethology (12 characters) are coded for all recognized augochlorine genera as well as outgroups from the Halictini, Nomioidini, and Nomiinae. Results of the cladistic analysis are remarkably resolved but not very robust. The cladogram is summarized and infratribal groups defined. Most notably, the tribe is divided into two monophyletic subtribes: the Corynurina (new subtribe), containing the southern South American genera Corynura, Halictillus, Rhectomia, and Rhinocorynura; and the nominate subtribe, Augochlorina. Implications of the cladistic analysis on diversification in the Augochlorini and evolutionary patterns within the tribe are discussed. New distribution records are given for three species which extend the known ranges of their respective genera. Augochlora essequibensis is a new junior subjective synonym of A. nigrocyanea while A. cladopyga, A. seminigra, Augochlorella bidentata, Halictus caucasicus, H. cerasis, H. chrysaspis, H. myrrhites, H. simotes, and Pereirapis rhizophila are all new junior subjective synonyms of P. semiaurata. Megalopta intermedia, Augochlora nitidior, Augochlorella eusticta, Augochlorodes clementis, and Augochloropsis scabriceps are all recognized as nomina nuda. Vachalius cosmetor, from Colombia and Venezuela, is transferred to Neocorynurella while Corynura biciliata, from Costa Rica, is recognized as a species of Halictini and is transferred to the genus Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) (new combinations). Four fossil and recent species new to science are described as Augochlora (Electraugochlora) leptoloba (fossil), Augochlora (Oxystoglossella) rightmyerae (extant), Oligochlora (Soliapis) rozeni (fossil), and Pseudaugoehlora pulchra (extant).
Book Synopsis The Bees of the World by : Charles D. Michener
Download or read book The Bees of the World written by Charles D. Michener and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2007-05-31 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher description
Book Synopsis The Bee Genera of North and Central America (Hymenoptera:Apoidea) by : Charles Duncan Michener
Download or read book The Bee Genera of North and Central America (Hymenoptera:Apoidea) written by Charles Duncan Michener and published by Smithsonian Books (DC). This book was released on 1994 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The first identification key to cover all bees in the whole of the New World north of the equator. Parallel columns of English and Spanish text, and 500 drawing and photographs detail the distinguishing features of 169 genera and provide additional information such as range, number of species and subgenera, and references to any revisionist studies. Includes a guide to using the key. Field tested. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or." -- PUBLISHER.
Book Synopsis A Monograph of the Baltic Amber Bees and Evolution of the Apoidea (Hymenoptera) by : Michael S. Engel
Download or read book A Monograph of the Baltic Amber Bees and Evolution of the Apoidea (Hymenoptera) written by Michael S. Engel and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [English abstract]. The bees found as Baltic amber inclusions are revised and the history of studies on these fossils is briefly reviewed. In total this subtropical Eocene fauna contains 36 species and 18 genera, all extinct. These are classified here into nine tribes, six subfamilies, and five families of which six tribes and one family are unknown in the modern fauna. The following taxa are described as new to science: Paleomelittidae, new family; Boreallodapini, Electrobombini, Eomacropidini, Melikertini, Protolithurgini, new tribes; Ctenoplectrellina, new subtribe; Boreallodape, Electrobombus, Electrolictus, Eomacropis, Glaesosmia, Liotrigonopsis, Melissites, Paleomelitta, Protolithurgus, Succinapis, Thaumastobombus, new genera; Boreallodape baltica, B. mollyae, B. striebichi, Ctenoplectrella cockerelli, C. grimaldii, Electrapis krishnorum, Electrobombus samlandensis, Electrolictus antiquus, Eomacropis glaesaria, Glaesosmia genalis, Glyptapis densopunctata, G. disareolata, Liotrigonopsis rozeni, Melikertes clypeatus, Melissites trigona, Paleomelitta nigripennis, Protobombus basilaris, Protolithurgus ditomeus, Succinapis goeleti, S. micheneri, S. proboscidea, Thaumastobombus andreniformis, new species (seven new family-, 11 new genus-, and 22 new species-group taxa). The genus Electrapis is found to be paraphyletic and the subgenera Melikertes, Roussyana, and Protobombus are given generic status outside of Electrapis. The subtribe Electrapina is elevated to tribal rank among the corbiculate Apinae and the subfamily Glyptapinae of Cockerell is reduced to subtribal rank within Osmiini. The genera Chalcobombus and Sophrobombus are newly synonymized with Protobombus. Glyptapis reducta Cockerell is synonymized with G. fuscula Cockerell, Electrapis minuta Kelner-Pillault with Apis palmnickenensis Roussy, Ctenoplectrella splendens Kelner-Pillault and C. dentata Salt both with C. viridiceps Cockerell, Electrapis apoides Manning and Chalcobombus humilis Cockerell both with Protobombus indecisus Cockerell, and Electrapis bombusoides Kelner-Pillault with E. tornquisti Cockerell (new synonymies). The following new combinations are proposed: Electrapis martialis (Cockerell), Melikertes proavus (Menge), M. stilbonotus (Engel), Kelneriapis eocenica (Kelner-Pillault), Protobombus fatalis (Cockerell), P. hirsutus (Cockerell), and Electrapis martialis (Cockerell) (new combinations). A lectotype is designated for Electrapis minuta Kelner-Pillault and neotypes designated for Apis meliponoides Buttel-Reepen, A. palmnickenensis Roussy, Chalcobombus humilis Cockerell, C. hirsutus Cockerell, C. martialis Cockerell, Ctenoplectrella dentata Salt, C. viridiceps Cockerell, Electrapis tornquisti Cockerell, Glyptapis reticulata Cockerell, G. neglecta Salt, Protobombus indecisus Cockerell, P. tristellus Cockerell, and Sophrobombus fatalis Cockerell. The subfamily Xylocopinae is recorded for the first time from amber, and the families Halictidae and Melittidae are confirmed as occurring in Baltic amber. The oldest fossils of the Halictidae, Megachilidae (Lithurginae and Megachilinae), Melittidae, and Xylocopinae are reported and described herein. Keys are presented for the identification of the Baltic amber bees. Three new recent taxa are also proposed: Penapini, Redivivini, and Meliturgulini (new tribes). Cladistic analyses of the Lithurginae, Xylocopinae, and corbiculate Apinae are presented. Preliminary investigation of lithurgine relationships demonstrates that the fossil, Protolithurgus, is sister to extant genera of the subfamily and that Lithurgus s.s. is likely paraphyletic with respect to Lithurgopsis and Microthurge. Xylocopine relationships are generally in accord with those previously proposed: Xylocopini sister to all other tribes and Manueliini sister to the abruptly narrowed mandible tribes (i.e., Ceratinini, Allodapini, and Boreallodapini). Boreallodapini, despite some apparently apomorphic similarities with Ceratinini, is supported as sister to Allodapini. The paleontological evidence for corbiculate bee phylogeny reinforces traditional concepts over relationships of these tribes and contradicts recent molecular studies. Two extinct corbiculate tribes are based on specimens that exhibit worker morphologies indicative of advanced eusocial behavior and are related to the living, advanced eusocial tribes Apini and Meliponini, supporting a hypothesis of a single origin for this behavioral characteristic. The composition of the Eocene bee fauna of Europe is discussed. The fauna is predominantly composed of long-tongued bees, but some short-tongued bees are represented in the families Halictidae, Paleomelittidae, and Melittidae. Bees in Baltic amber are generally allied with groups currently inhabiting sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia, a biogeographic pattern common to many Baltic amber groups. The phylogeny and origin of bees are discussed. The bees are a derived, monophyletic group of the spheciform wasps and presumably arose sometime in the earliest mid-Cretaceous after the origin of angiosperms. Reports of bees from Jurassic strata or earlier are all refuted. All available evidence supports the idea that bees originated shortly after flowering plants and diversified into higher lineages contemporaneously with the radiations of angiosperms. Major bee lineages (i.e., families) were thus presumably established by the late Cretaceous. A catalog of bees presently known in amber and copal is appended as is a catalog of family- and genus-group names for fossil bees (both amber inclusions and compression fossils). A preliminary outline of the tribal classification of Recent and fossil bees with their geological distribution is presented (with three new family-group taxa for living bees).
Book Synopsis A Study of the Classification of the More Primitive Non-Parasitic Anthophorine Bees by : Charles Duncan Michener
Download or read book A Study of the Classification of the More Primitive Non-Parasitic Anthophorine Bees written by Charles Duncan Michener and published by . This book was released on 2012-09-01 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American Museum Of Natural History, V112.
Book Synopsis Phylogeny and Evolution of the Angiosperms by : Douglas Soltis
Download or read book Phylogeny and Evolution of the Angiosperms written by Douglas Soltis and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018-01-24 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although they are relative latecomers on the evolutionary scene, having emerged only 135?170 million years ago, angiosperms—or flowering plants—are the most diverse and species-rich group of seed-producing land plants, comprising more than 15,000 genera and over 350,000 species. Not only are they a model group for studying the patterns and processes of evolutionary diversification, they also play major roles in our economy, diet, and courtship rituals, producing our fruits, legumes, and grains, not to mention the flowers in our Valentine’s bouquets. They are also crucial ecologically, dominating most terrestrial and some aquatic landscapes. This fully revised edition of Phylogeny and Evolution of the Angiosperms provides an up-to-date, comprehensive overview of the evolution of and relationships among these vital plants. Incorporating molecular phylogenetics with morphological, chemical, developmental, and paleobotanical data, as well as presenting a more detailed account of early angiosperm fossils and important fossil information for each evolutionary branch of the angiosperms, the new edition integrates fossil evidence into a robust phylogenetic framework. Featuring a wealth of new color images, this highly synthetic work further reevaluates long-held evolutionary hypotheses related to flowering plants and will be an essential reference for botanists, plant systematists, and evolutionary biologists alike.
Book Synopsis Revision and Reclassification of Lasioglossum (Evylaeus), L. (Hemihalictus) and L. (Sphecodogastra) in Eastern North America (Hymenoptera: Apoidea by : Gibbs Jason
Download or read book Revision and Reclassification of Lasioglossum (Evylaeus), L. (Hemihalictus) and L. (Sphecodogastra) in Eastern North America (Hymenoptera: Apoidea written by Gibbs Jason and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Genus-group Names of Bees and Supplemental Family-group Names by : Charles Duncan Michener
Download or read book Genus-group Names of Bees and Supplemental Family-group Names written by Charles Duncan Michener and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this authoritative work, bee expert Charles Duncan Michener provides a comprehensive guide to the scientific names of bee species and their classifications. With detailed illustrations and explanations, this book is an essential reference for anyone conducting research in this fascinating field of study. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Fauna Hawaiiensis written by Rcl Perkins and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the rich variety of Hawaii's fauna with R.C.L. Perkins's book. This comprehensive guide covers all the native and introduced animal species of the Hawaiian Islands, with detailed descriptions, illustrations, and maps. It is an essential reference book for anyone interested in Hawaii's natural history. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Book Synopsis Chalcidoidea of Iran by : Hassan Ghahari
Download or read book Chalcidoidea of Iran written by Hassan Ghahari and published by CABI. This book was released on 2021-01-27 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The superfamily Chalcidoidea (Insecta, Hymenoptera) contains in excess of 26,000 described species worldwide, but with an estimated total diversity of more than 500,000 species the vast majority of species have yet to be discovered and described. Most chalcidoid species are parasitoids of hosts in at least 12 different insect orders, attacking the egg, larval or pupal stages, though phytophagy and other life cycles and hosts are known. Iran is the 18th largest country in the world and has a rich and diverse insect fauna, including Chalcidoidea. It is extremely interesting from a biogeographic point of view, and a paradise for an entomologist. This book summarizes the results of all prior research concerning species diversity of Iranian Chalcidoidea, including host records and distribution records by province in Iran as well as world distribution by country for 1,351 species of Chalcidoidea recorded from Iran through the end of 2019.
Book Synopsis Insect Evolution in an Amberiferous and Stone Alphabet by : Dany Azar
Download or read book Insect Evolution in an Amberiferous and Stone Alphabet written by Dany Azar and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insects are the most diverse group of life on Earth and their history extends well into the Paleozoic, making them among the oldest of terrestrial animal lineages. They are critical to the well being of ecosystems from the equator to the poles, and are inexorably tied to the well being of our world. Whether beneficial or malignant, insects wield an overwhelming influence on our health, economy, and security. It is little wonder that insects so consistently appear in our cultures, religions, and mythologies. Given such realities, it is vital that we gain a better understanding and appreciation of Nature’s ‘inordinate fondness’. Indeed, there is considerable wisdom to be found in the study of these marvels of evolution, and what better way to understand their present and future than to peer back into their distant past. Here presented are some of the results of the 6th International Congress on Fossil Insects, Arthropods and Amber (FossilX3) held in Byblos, Lebanon in April, 2013. In the tradition of previous congresses, researchers from around the world gathered to discuss the latest developments and to build new co-operative endeavours. Recognizing that the future of our science is one of interdisciplinary collaboration, these meetings steadily grow in importance, and proceedings such as this reveal the latest hypotheses and conclusions, while inspiring others toward newer and greater goals.
Book Synopsis Innumerable Insects by : Michael S. Engel
Download or read book Innumerable Insects written by Michael S. Engel and published by Sterling. This book was released on 2018-10 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating look at the world's most numerous inhabitants, illustrated with stunning images from the American Museum of Natural History's Rare Book Collection. It is estimated that there are around five million insect species on Earth, and this magnificent volume tells their incredible story. It covers everything from insect evolution, metamorphosis, and camouflage to society, language, and pollination--plus tales of discovery by intrepid entomologists. More than 180 illustrations describe these fascinating animals down to their tiniest details, from butterflies' iridescent wings to beetles' vibrant colors.
Book Synopsis Contributions Celebrating Kumar Krishna by : Michael S. Engel
Download or read book Contributions Celebrating Kumar Krishna written by Michael S. Engel and published by PenSoft Publishers LTD. This book was released on 2011-11-21 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present issue of ZooKeys comprises a series of papers honoring Prof. Kumar Krishna, the leading au-thority on the systematics and biology of termites (Isoptera). After becoming exposed to termite systematics under the tutelage of Mittan L. Roonwal in India, Kumar received his doctoral training from the legendary termite systematist and evolutionary biologist Alfred E. Emerson at the University of Chicago. Subsequently, Kumar moved to the City University of New York and the American Museum of Natural History from where, even today, he has produced some of the most important contributions to the study of termites, most notably his two-volume set, Biology of Termites (1969?1970, Academic Press), and the forthcoming monumental Treatise on the Isoptera of the World (AMNH). Herein colleagues and friends recognize his lifetime of accomplishments in biological systematics by presenting original papers on insect lineages as diverse as termites and grasshoppers, and flies and bees, among others. A brief biographical account and list of his publications to date are provided.
Book Synopsis Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico by : Yves Bousquet
Download or read book Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico written by Yves Bousquet and published by PenSoft Publishers LTD. This book was released on 2012-11-28 with total page 1736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides a comprehensive review of the nomenclature and distribution of the Geadephaga of America, north of Mexico. Overall 2439 valid species-group taxa in 208 genera are catalogued along with their synonyms. Besides the usual information pertaining to author(s), date and page of publication, the type locality, location of name-bearing type, first reference establishing each synonym, and etymology for many patronymic names are provided for species-group names. Genus-group names are listed with the author(s), year of publication, page citation, type species with manner of fixation and etymology for most. The geographical distributions of all species-group taxa are briefly summarized and their state and province records are indicated. About 2500 references are listed with publication dates for many in order to assess priority of names.Several new nomenclatural acts are introduced including one new genus-group taxon, one new replacement name, three changes in precedence, five new genus-group synonymies, 65 new species-group synonymies, one new species-group status, and 12 new combinations.The work includes also a discussion of the notable private North American carabid collections, a synopsis of all extant world geadephagan tribes and subfamilies, a brief faunistic assessment of the fauna, a list of North American fossil Geadephaga, a list of North American Geadephaga larvae described or illustrated, a list of species described from specimens mislabeled as from North America, and a list of unavailable names listed from North America.
Book Synopsis Behavioral Ecology of Insect Parasitoids by : Eric Wajnberg
Download or read book Behavioral Ecology of Insect Parasitoids written by Eric Wajnberg and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a team of leading international specialists, Behavioral Ecology of Insect Parasitoids examines the optimal behaviors that parasitoids exhibit in order to maximize long term offspring production. It is an essential reference for research scientists and students studying these fascinating insects or for anyone involved in using parasitoids in biological control programs. Reviews topical issues, including cutting edge research on parasitoid decision making and the implications for biological control Explores applications in other fields, provides information on the latest research methods, and includes helpful case studies and statistical tools Creates a deeper understanding of the link between behavioural strategies and host mortality, resulting in more efficient selective pest management programs “Overall, this is a fascinating volume that provides a significant contribution to the literature on parasitoid insects. It goes a long way toward providing insights into numerous aspects of parasitoid behavior and will stimulate a diversity of future projects, something that should be the goal of any such text. I highly recommend Wajnberg et al. for all of those working on the biology or evolution of parasitoids.” Palaios 2009
