Response Of Flood Events To Land Use And Climate Change

Download Response Of Flood Events To Land Use And Climate Change full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Response Of Flood Events To Land Use And Climate Change ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Response of Flood Events to Land Use and Climate Change

Author : Azadeh Ramesh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400755279
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Response of Flood Events to Land Use and Climate Change by : Azadeh Ramesh

Download or read book Response of Flood Events to Land Use and Climate Change written by Azadeh Ramesh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-06 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an original and novel contribution to flood hazard assessment, climate change and land use change and is intended to serve both as an effective source of information and a valuable basis for priority setting and further technical, financial and political decisions regarding flood hazard assessment. The study area is located on the floodplain of the Ubaye River in the Barcelonnette area, part of the Alpes de Haute Provence in southeast France. The book offers a comparative overview of the major challenges faced when dealing with flood hazards. The research presented is intended to promote a deeper understanding of how climate change and land use change processes have evolved from past to present, and how they affect the flow regime of the Ubaye River based on sound and reproducible scientific arguments. The methodology implemented ranges from remote sensing interpretation to hydrodynamic modeling and includes the application of spatial and statistical modeling. The results of this research provide essential information for policymaking, decision-making support and flood hazard planning in the Barcelonnette area.

Global Flood Hazard

Author : Guy J-P. Schumann
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119217865
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Global Flood Hazard by : Guy J-P. Schumann

Download or read book Global Flood Hazard written by Guy J-P. Schumann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-07-18 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Flood Hazard Subject Category Winner, PROSE Awards 2019, Earth Science Selected from more than 500 entries, demonstrating exceptional scholarship and making a significant contribution to the field of study. PROSE Award Finalist 2019 Association of American Publishers Award for Professional and Scholarly Excellence Flooding is a costly natural disaster in terms of damage to land, property and infrastructure. This volume describes the latest tools and technologies for modeling, mapping, and predicting large-scale flood risk. It also presents readers with a range of remote sensing data sets successfully used for predicting and mapping floods at different scales. These resources can enable policymakers, public planners, and developers to plan for, and respond to, flooding with greater accuracy and effectiveness. Describes the latest large-scale modeling approaches, including hydrological models, 2-D flood inundation models, and global flood forecasting models Showcases new tools and technologies such as Aqueduct, a new web-based tool used for global assessment and projection of future flood risk under climate change scenarios Features case studies describing best-practice uses of modeling techniques, tools, and technologies Global Flood Hazard is an indispensable resource for researchers, consultants, practitioners, and policy makers dealing with flood risk, flood disaster response, flood management, and flood mitigation.

Climate Change and Flood Risk Management

Author : E. Carina H. Keskitalo
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1781006679
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (81 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Climate Change and Flood Risk Management by : E. Carina H. Keskitalo

Download or read book Climate Change and Flood Risk Management written by E. Carina H. Keskitalo and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-11-29 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taken together, the studies show that integration of adaptation in flood risk and emergency management may differ strongly _ not only with risk, but with a number of institutional and contextual factors, including capacities and priorities in the speci

Impact of climate and land use change on the flood response of l catchments

Author : P S. Naden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (74 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Impact of climate and land use change on the flood response of l catchments by : P S. Naden

Download or read book Impact of climate and land use change on the flood response of l catchments written by P S. Naden and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Flood Hazards

Author : Jessica Lamond
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439826250
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Flood Hazards by : Jessica Lamond

Download or read book Flood Hazards written by Jessica Lamond and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 360-degree view of the response to flood risk As major flooding events around the world show, the impact of flooding on the built environment can cause widespread chaos. These flood events form part of a wider pattern of increasing flood frequency coupled with increased vulnerability of the built environment to flood hazard. Flood risk can unite or divide communities and the responses to potential risk can range from denial to perfect adaptation. Drawing on the experience of communities and experts, Flood Hazards: Impacts and Responses for the Built Environment offers guidance on managing urban flooding and flood risk. It brings together a diversity of viewpoints and experiences on flood impacts and responses from leading academics, flood restoration specialists, emergency responders, architects, planning consultants, insurers, policymakers, and community representatives. By including the perspective of the community and the views of households and businesses at risk, this volume makes a unique contribution to the literature on flood management. The chapter organization loosely corresponds to the phases of the disaster management cycle, covering emergency preparation and response; recovery, repair, and reconstruction; and mitigation and adaptation. Contributors examine the types of impacts and discuss forecasting and emergency warning. They describe processes and good practice in recovery of flood-damaged property from the perspectives of the insurance industry, restorers, and loss adjusters. The book also deals with business continuity, land-use planning, property-level and infrastructure protection, and urban drainage, looking at the regulation and design of the built environment as one way to reduce risk. A section on community response to flooding sheds light on the experiences of flood-affected families. Written for students, practitioners, and researchers in flood risk management, as well as for professionals who may encounter flood-related issues in the course of their work, this cross-disciplinary book makes a valuable contribution towards designing a future built environment that is more resilient to flood risk.

A Quantitative Analysis of the Impact of Land Use Changes on Floods in the Manafwa River Basin

Author : Fidele Bingwa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (861 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis A Quantitative Analysis of the Impact of Land Use Changes on Floods in the Manafwa River Basin by : Fidele Bingwa

Download or read book A Quantitative Analysis of the Impact of Land Use Changes on Floods in the Manafwa River Basin written by Fidele Bingwa and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flood events in the Manafwa watershed, located in eastern Uganda, have increased in frequency in recent years. The risk of flooding is increasing globally due partly to climate change which enhances the number of weather extremes like excessive rainfalls or droughts. This increase in flood events is also a response to land use changes; as more people use the land for agriculture and housing the percentage of less pervious and impervious area increases. Floods in the Manafwa watershed are often deadly and always an economic burden. In eastern Uganda there is little that can be done about climate change but land use changes can be managed. This study analyzed the impact of land use changes on floods in the Manafwa watershed in hopes of informing local leaders regarding future flood risk reduction. The analysis was conducted using a hydrologic model of the Manafwa watershed. The model had two main components: a meteorological model and a basin model. The meteorological model contained past rainfall data of the watershed and the basin model used the SCS curve number method as its soil water loss method. The curve number determines the percentage of rainfall water that becomes runoff, and is derived empirically from land use or land cover information as well as the soil type. A curve number map of the watershed was created using current land use and soil data; land use changes were modeled by making modifications to the land use map which resulted in changes on the curve number map. In addition to modeling the current land use condition, three land use changes were simulated and the outflow result showed that land use changes can affect river flow and hence flood events in the Manafwa river basin. The results also show that a land management program like reforestation could decrease the risk of flooding in the watershed.

Floods

Author : Keith Smith
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Floods by : Keith Smith

Download or read book Floods written by Keith Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1998-06-29 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is concerned with the causes and consequences of river and coastal floods and the ways in which people can respond to the flood hazard. Individual chapters address issues such as floods as natural hazards; impacts and interpretations of flood hazard; causes, spatial characteristics and form of river floods and coastal floods; flood estimation; flood defence; flood forecasting and warning; other responses including land use planning and insurance; and a concluding discussion of problems, policies and prospects. Floods has been written by two experienced and successful authors whose complementary skills are combined to give a broad, comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of the subject which can be used not only as a text book or learning manual but also as an authoritative reference source. This has been achieved by organising and structuring the material to demonstrate the continuity and linkages between the causes and impacts of flooding and the many possible responses to the flood hazard. At the same time the book ensures that discussion of each of the main themes and topics is, as far as is practicable, self-contained. The book is timely in several aspects. It addresses the topicality and universality of floods which are an increasing hazard at a time of global environmental change (climate, land use, population distribution etc.). It also offers the layman and practitioner alike a synthesis and clarification of many individual research efforts near the close of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction.

Review of the Draft Fourth National Climate Assessment

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309471699
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Review of the Draft Fourth National Climate Assessment by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Review of the Draft Fourth National Climate Assessment written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-06-18 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change poses many challenges that affect society and the natural world. With these challenges, however, come opportunities to respond. By taking steps to adapt to and mitigate climate change, the risks to society and the impacts of continued climate change can be lessened. The National Climate Assessment, coordinated by the U.S. Global Change Research Program, is a mandated report intended to inform response decisions. Required to be developed every four years, these reports provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date evaluation of climate change impacts available for the United States, making them a unique and important climate change document. The draft Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4) report reviewed here addresses a wide range of topics of high importance to the United States and society more broadly, extending from human health and community well-being, to the built environment, to businesses and economies, to ecosystems and natural resources. This report evaluates the draft NCA4 to determine if it meets the requirements of the federal mandate, whether it provides accurate information grounded in the scientific literature, and whether it effectively communicates climate science, impacts, and responses for general audiences including the public, decision makers, and other stakeholders.

Flood Risk Science and Management

Author : Gareth Pender
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 144434076X
Total Pages : 744 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Flood Risk Science and Management by : Gareth Pender

Download or read book Flood Risk Science and Management written by Gareth Pender and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approaches to avoid loss of life and limit disruption and damage from flooding have changed significantly in recent years. Worldwide, there has been a move from a strategy of flood defence to one of flood risk management. Flood risk management includes flood prevention using hard defences, where appropriate, but also requires that society learns to live with floods and that stakeholders living in flood prone areas develop coping strategies to increase their resilience to flood impacts when these occur. This change in approach represents a paradigm shift which stems from the realisation that continuing to strengthen and extend conventional flood defences is unsustainable economically, environmentally, and in terms of social equity. Flood risk management recognises that a sustainable approach must rest on integrated measures that reduce not only the probability of flooding, but also the consequences. This is essential as increases in the probability of inundation are inevitable in many areas of the world due to climate change, while socio-economic development will lead to spiralling increases in the consequences of flooding unless land use in floodplains is carefully planned. Flood Risk Science and Management provides an extensive and comprehensive synthesis of current research in flood management; providing a multi-disciplinary reference text covering a wide range of flood management topics. Its targeted readership is the international research community (from research students through to senior staff) and flood management professionals, such as engineers, planners, government officials and those with flood management responsibility in the public sector. By using the concept of case study chapters, international coverage is given to the topic, ensuring a world-wide relevance.

Floods in a Changing Climate

Author : Slobodan P. Simonović
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139851624
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (398 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Floods in a Changing Climate by : Slobodan P. Simonović

Download or read book Floods in a Changing Climate written by Slobodan P. Simonović and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-22 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flood risk management is presented in this book as a framework for identifying, assessing and prioritizing climate-related risks and developing appropriate adaptation responses. Rigorous assessment is employed to determine the available probabilistic and fuzzy set-based analytic tools, when each is appropriate and how to apply them to practical problems. Academic researchers in the fields of hydrology, climate change, environmental science and policy and risk assessment, and professionals and policy-makers working in hazard mitigation, water resources engineering and environmental economics, will find this an invaluable resource. This volume is the fourth in a collection of four books on flood disaster management theory and practice within the context of anthropogenic climate change. The others are: Floods in a Changing Climate: Extreme Precipitation by Ramesh Teegavarapu, Floods in a Changing Climate: Hydrologic Modeling by P. P. Mujumdar and D. Nagesh Kumar and Floods in a Changing Climate: Inundation Modelling by Giuliano Di Baldassarre.

Responding to Climate Change

Author : Paul Burton
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN 13 : 0643108637
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (431 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Responding to Climate Change by : Paul Burton

Download or read book Responding to Climate Change written by Paul Burton and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2014-11-05 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South East Queensland has been one of the fastest growing regions of Australia, both in terms of its rapidly growing population and an ever-expanding built environment. It is also one of the most vulnerable regions likely to suffer from the adverse impacts of climate change, especially increased flooding, storms, coastal erosion and drought. Responding to Climate Change: Lessons from an Australian Hotspot brings together the results of cutting-edge research from members of the Griffith Climate Change Response Program, showing how best to respond to anticipated changes and how to overcome barriers to adaptation. The authors treat climate change adaptation as a cross-cutting, multi-level governance policy challenge extending across human settlements, infrastructure, ecosystems, water management, primary industries, emergency management and human health. The research focuses on, but is not limited to, the experience of climate change adaptation in the recognised climate hotspot of South East Queensland. The results of this research will be of interest to planners, policy makers and other practitioners engaged in urban and environmental planning, coastal management, public health, emergency management, and physical infrastructure at the local, regional and metropolitan government scales.

Handbook of Flood Risk Management in Developing Countries

Author : Victor Oladokun
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000847764
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Handbook of Flood Risk Management in Developing Countries by : Victor Oladokun

Download or read book Handbook of Flood Risk Management in Developing Countries written by Victor Oladokun and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-03-31 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new handbook brings together various views and experiences of the impacts of flooding and its management in Africa, Asia and Latin America by drawing from traditional and modern approaches adopted by communities, homeowners, academics, project managers, institutions and policy makers. Key stakeholders provide insights and perspectives on flood hazards, flood impacts, flood control and adaptation strategies across these regions. The inclusion of policy makers, emergency responders, leaders of key organizations and managers of flood defence projects makes this volume a unique addition to the flood management literature. The chapters are organized to reveal various impacts and challenges associated with the management of flooding, including response and recovery. The chapter contributions bring together the different impacts of flooding and propose various mitigation approaches. They describe procedures for managing flooding and reducing the impacts from the perspectives of policy makers, environmental planners and restorers of flood-affected communities. Also, the book considers some of the related aspects including land use, waste management, drainage systems, security challenges, urban planning and development and their contributions to flooding. The book's primary target is experienced researchers and practitioners in flood risk management. It would also serve as a key text for postgraduate students studying related programmes. Inhabitants of flood prone communities in such developing countries will also find the text an important resource for guidance and understanding. This multi-disciplinary book represents a valuable contribution for a wide range of professionals (e.g. in engineering, built environment, health, retail, etc) who are interested in flood control and management and/or faced with flood-related challenges in the course of their work.

Flood Risk

Author : Zoran Vojinovic
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780405324
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (84 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Flood Risk by : Zoran Vojinovic

Download or read book Flood Risk written by Zoran Vojinovic and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2015-03-15 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the International Disaster Database (EM-DAT), over the last seventy years, floods have shown the fastest rate of increase relative to any other type of disasters. Devastation due to these events occurs almost daily. Even though our technological capabilities for dealing with floods have advanced rapidly over the same period, and while global economic growth per capita has doubled, flood events have become ever more disastrous. Does this mean that our technological developments have advanced independently from the social and wider ecological needs? Flood Risk: The Holistic Perspective is a direct response to this question and it argues that this paradoxical situation is a result from our narrow and fragmented perception of reality which has been characteristic of our academic disciplines and government agencies. It suggests that the way forward can be found only if we broaden our view and learn how the natural or social phenomena can provoke a response in a society, or a social group, which in turn can trigger the technical developments, and so on, again and again, in what has the potential to become a network of interactions and relationships through positive feedback (or coevolving) cycles. The holistic perspective however may raise the following question: If everything is connected to everything else, how can we ever hope to understand anything? Our response draws from the understandings brought by complexity theory where individual elements coevolve together both in development and application. This recognition opens a new analysis which goes beyond the direct objects or actors of concern (risk forecasting, early warning, land-use planning technology and systems for example), and into the relationships between them. The book suggests that our initial response to this and many other challenges is to change our perception from a disciplinary and defensive one to a progressive (or transcendental) and transdiciplinary, i.e., the one that turns challenges into the possibilities that can re-shape our future. The book is structured in eight chapters. Chapter 1 provides exposure to the complexity of flood-related issues and illustrates diversity of multiple points of view. Chapter 2 elaborates on the history of holistic thinking with connection to the flood resilience process. Chapter 3 discusses the holistic risk governance approach which progresses beyond the integrated urban flood management. Chapter 4 describes the Green Cities Initiative, an initiative which is essentially holistic in its nature as it aims to improve transport, energy efficiency, industrial metabolism including water supply and distribution as well as drainage and sewerage services through the holistic lens of interactions between different sectors. Chapter 5 discusses various risk assessment practices and it concludes that any practice that omits social, ethical and wider ecological points of view will be severely restricted in its scope and its reach. Chapter 6 describes the root causes of floods in the Pasig-Marikina River Basin in Metro Manila, Philippines. Chapter 7 reflects upon the key issues and challenges from 2011 Thailand floods. Finally, Chapter 8 presents some of the key aspects concerning urban stormwater management practice in Beijing, China.

Modelling the Flood Response of Large Catchments

Author : S. M. Crooks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (74 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Modelling the Flood Response of Large Catchments by : S. M. Crooks

Download or read book Modelling the Flood Response of Large Catchments written by S. M. Crooks and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Water Policy and Planning in a Variable and Changing Climate

Author : Kathleen A. Miller
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315356007
Total Pages : 535 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Water Policy and Planning in a Variable and Changing Climate by : Kathleen A. Miller

Download or read book Water Policy and Planning in a Variable and Changing Climate written by Kathleen A. Miller and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Policy and Planning in a Variable and Changing Climate addresses the current challenges facing western water planners and policy makers in the United States and considers strategies for managing water resources and related risks in the future. Written by highly-regarded experts in the industry, the book offers a wealth of experience, and explains the physical, socioeconomic, and institutional context for western water resource management. The authors discuss the complexities of water policy, describe the framework for water policy and planning, and identify many of the issues surrounding the subject. A provocative examination of policy issues surrounding western water resources, this book: Considers the implications of natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change for the region’s water resources, and explains limitations on the predictability of local-scale changes Stresses linkages between climate patterns and weather events, and related hydrologic impacts Describes the environmental consequences of historical water system development and the challenges that climate change poses for protection of aquatic ecosystems Examines coordination of drought management by local, state and national government agencies Includes insights on planning for climate change adaptation from case studies across the western United States Discusses the challenges and opportunities in water/energy/land system management, and its prospects for developing climate change response strategies Presents evidence of changes in water scarcity and flooding potential in the region and identifies a set of adaptation strategies to support the long-term sustainability of irrigated agriculture and urban communities Draws upon Colorado’s experience in defining rights for surface and tributary groundwater use to explain potential conflicts and challenges in establishing fair and effective coordination of water rights for these resources Assesses the role of policy in driving flood losses Explores policy approaches for achieving equitable and environmentally responsible planning outcomes despite multiple sources of uncertainty Water Policy and Planning in a Variable and Changing Climate describes patterns of water availability, existing policy problems and the potential impacts of climate change in the western United States, and functions as a practical reference for the student or professional invested in water policy and management.

Floods

Author : Dennis J. Parker
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317854209
Total Pages : 566 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Floods by : Dennis J. Parker

Download or read book Floods written by Dennis J. Parker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Floods occur in most parts of the world and range from being welcomed annual occurrences, to natural disasters which have countless physical and societal impacts. Floods presents the most comprehensive collection to date of new research, providing a rich body of theory and experience and drawing together contributions from over fifty leading international researchers in the field. An extensive range of case-studies covering major floods and regions prone to flooding worldwide are included.

Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation

Author : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107025060
Total Pages : 593 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation by : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Download or read book Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-28 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. This Special Report explores the social as well as physical dimensions of weather- and climate-related disasters, considering opportunities for managing risks at local to international scales. SREX was approved and accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 18 November 2011 in Kampala, Uganda.