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Reification And Representation
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Book Synopsis Reification and Representation by : Graham Cairns
Download or read book Reification and Representation written by Graham Cairns and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-08-15 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between politics and the public relations industry is controversial and, at times, polemic. However, one component of this relationship that has yet to be investigated is the role of architecture. Arguing for a fundamental reconfiguration of our understanding of ‘political architecture’, this book suggests it is not only a question of constructed buildings, but equally a case of mediated imagery. Considered through examples of architecture as a backdrop for photo shoots by politicians in the democracies of the United States and the United Kingdom, this book suggests these images give us both a better understanding of recent developments in the Western political economy and the architectural and urban developments of the late 20th and early 21st Centuries. Using case studies of Margaret Thatcher, Tony Blair, David Cameron, Barack Obama, George W. Bush and Donald Trump, this book represents a ground-breaking triangular analysis that will be essential reading for scholars in architecture, politics, media and communication studies.
Book Synopsis Java Generics and Collections by : Maurice Naftalin
Download or read book Java Generics and Collections written by Maurice Naftalin and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2007 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, written by one of the designers of generics, is a thorough explanation of how to use generics, and particularly, the effect this facility has on the way developers use collections.
Book Synopsis Philosophical Issues in Psychiatry IV by : Kenneth S. Kendler
Download or read book Philosophical Issues in Psychiatry IV written by Kenneth S. Kendler and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-24 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revisions of both DSM-IV and ICD-10 have again focused the interest of the field of psychiatry and clinical psychology on the issue of nosology. This interest has been further heightened by a series of controversies associated with the development of DSM-5 including the fate of proposed revisions of the personality disorders, bereavement, and the autism spectrum. Major debate arose within the DSM process about the criteria for changing criteria, leading to the creation of first the Scientific Review Committee and then a series of other oversight committees which weighed in on the final debates on the most controversial proposed additions to DSM-5, providing important influences on the final decisions. Contained within these debates were a range of conceptual and philosophical issues. Some of these - such as the definition of mental disorder or the problems of psychiatric " - have been with the field for a long time. Others - the concept of epistemic iteration as a framework for the introduction of nosologic change - are quite new. This book reviews issues within psychiatric nosology from clinical, historical and particularly philosophical perspectives. The book brings together a range of distinguished authors - including major psychiatric researchers, clinicians, historians and especially nosologists - including several leaders of the DSM-5 effort and the DSM Steering Committee. It also includes contributions from psychologists with a special interest in psychiatric nosology and philosophers with a wide range of orientations. The book is organized into four major sections: The first explores the nature of psychiatric illness and the way in which it is defined, including clinical and psychometric perspectives. The second section examines problems in the reification of psychiatric diagnostic criteria, the problem of psychiatric epidemics, and the nature and definition of individual symptoms. The third section explores the concept of epistemic iteration as a possible governing conceptual framework for the revision efforts for official psychiatric nosologies such as DSM and ICD and the problems of validation of psychiatric diagnoses. The book ends by exploring how we might move from the descriptive to the etiologic in psychiatric diagnoses, the nature of progress in psychiatric research, and the possible benefits of moving to a living document (or continuous improvement) model for psychiatric nosologic systems. The result is a book that captures the dynamic cross-disciplinary interactions that characterize the best work in the philosophy of psychiatry.
Book Synopsis History and Class Consciousness by : Georg Lukacs
Download or read book History and Class Consciousness written by Georg Lukacs and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1972-11-15 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first time one of the most important of Lukács' early theoretical writings, published in Germany in 1923, has been made available in English. The book consists of a series of essays treating, among other topics, the definition of orthodox Marxism, the question of legality and illegality, Rosa Luxemburg as a Marxist, the changing function of Historic Marxism, class consciousness, and the substantiation and consciousness of the Proletariat. Writing in 1968, on the occasion of the appearance of his collected works, Lukács evaluated the influence of this book as follows: "For the historical effect of History and Class Consciousness and also for the actuality of the present time one problem is of decisive importance: alienation, which is here treated for the first time since Marx as the central question of a revolutionary critique of capitalism, and whose historical as well as methodological origins are deeply rooted in Hegelian dialectic. It goes without saying that the problem was omnipresent. A few years after History and Class Consciousness was published, it was moved into the focus of philosophical discussion by Heidegger in his Being and Time, a place which it maintains to this day largely as a result of the position occupied by Sartre and his followers. The philologic question raised by L. Goldmann, who considered Heidegger's work partly as a polemic reply to my (admittedly unnamed) work, need not be discussed here. It suffices today to say that the problem was in the air, particularly if we analyze its background in detail in order to clarify its effect, the mixture of Marxist and Existentialist thought processes, which prevailed especially in France immediately after the Second World War. In this connection priorities, influences, and so on are not particularly significant. What is important is that the alienation of man was recognized and appreciated as the central problem of the time in which we live, by bourgeois as well as proletarian, by politically rightist and leftist thinkers. Thus, History and Class Consciousness exerted a profound effect in the circles of the youthful intelligentsia."
Book Synopsis Network-Oriented Modeling for Adaptive Networks: Designing Higher-Order Adaptive Biological, Mental and Social Network Models by : Jan Treur
Download or read book Network-Oriented Modeling for Adaptive Networks: Designing Higher-Order Adaptive Biological, Mental and Social Network Models written by Jan Treur and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-01 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the challenging topic of modeling adaptive networks, which often manifest inherently complex behavior. Networks by themselves can usually be modeled using a neat, declarative, and conceptually transparent Network-Oriented Modeling approach. In contrast, adaptive networks are networks that change their structure; for example, connections in Mental Networks usually change due to learning, while connections in Social Networks change due to various social dynamics. For adaptive networks, separate procedural specifications are often added for the adaptation process. Accordingly, modelers have to deal with a less transparent, hybrid specification, part of which is often more at a programming level than at a modeling level. This book presents an overall Network-Oriented Modeling approach that makes designing adaptive network models much easier, because the adaptation process, too, is modeled in a neat, declarative, and conceptually transparent Network-Oriented Modeling manner, like the network itself. Thanks to this approach, no procedural, algorithmic, or programming skills are needed to design complex adaptive network models. A dedicated software environment is available to run these adaptive network models from their high-level specifications. Moreover, because adaptive networks are described in a network format as well, the approach can simply be applied iteratively, so that higher-order adaptive networks in which network adaptation itself is adaptive (second-order adaptation), too can be modeled just as easily. For example, this can be applied to model metaplasticity in cognitive neuroscience, or second-order adaptation in biological and social contexts. The book illustrates the usefulness of this approach via numerous examples of complex (higher-order) adaptive network models for a wide variety of biological, mental, and social processes. The book is suitable for multidisciplinary Master’s and Ph.D. students without assuming much prior knowledge, although also some elementary mathematical analysis is involved. Given the detailed information provided, it can be used as an introduction to Network-Oriented Modeling for adaptive networks. The material is ideally suited for teaching undergraduate and graduate students with multidisciplinary backgrounds or interests. Lecturers will find additional material such as slides, assignments, and software.
Book Synopsis Lukács’s Phenomenology of Capitalism by : Richard Westerman
Download or read book Lukács’s Phenomenology of Capitalism written by Richard Westerman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a radical new interpretation of Georg Lukács’s History and Class Consciousness, showing for the first time how the philosophical framework for his analysis of society was laid in the drafts of a philosophy of art that he planned but never completed before he converted to Marxism. Reading Lukács’s work through the so-called “Heidelberg Aesthetics” reveals for the first time a range of unsuspected influences on his thought, such as Edmund Husserl, Emil Lask, and Alois Riegl; it also offers a theory of subjectivity within social relations that avoids many of the problems of earlier readings of his text. At a time when Lukács’s reputation is once more on the rise, this bold new reading helps revitalize his thought in ways that help it speak to contemporary concerns.
Book Synopsis Architecture, Media, Populism... and Violence by : Graham Cairns
Download or read book Architecture, Media, Populism... and Violence written by Graham Cairns and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-10-07 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ‘Storming of the Capitol’ was, for many, the culminating media performance of the four-year presidency of Donald Trump. His presidency and its ‘final act’, bore all the hallmarks of a 21st century form of populism and media-politico spectacle that may yet come to dominate the political scene in the US, and worldwide, for years to come. The questions that such events raise are complex, varied and operative across a multitude of disciplines. This book engages with these vexed questions in the broad fields of politics and media, but does so, uniquely, through the prism of architecture. This book does not, however, limit its view to the recent events in Washington DC or the United States. Rather, it seeks to use those events as the starting point for a critique of architecture in the tapestry of mediated forms of protest and ‘political action’ more generally. Each chapter draws on case studies from across timeframes and across nations. The book sharpens our critique of the relationship between direct political action, its media representation and the role it assigns to architecture – as played out globally in the age of mass media. In doing so, it opens up broader debates about the past, present and future roles of architecture as a political tool in the context of international political systems now dominated by changing and unpredictable uses of media, and characterised by an increasingly volatile and at times violent form of political activism. It is essential reading for any student or researcher engaging with these questions.
Download or read book Confronting Reification written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-07-27 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Confronting Reification, an international team of scholars examines the work of the Hungarian philosopher, Georg Lukács, and the relevance of his concept of reification.
Download or read book Practical RDF written by Shelley Powers and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2003-07-18 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a structure for describing and interchanging metadata on the Web--anything from library catalogs and worldwide directories to bioinformatics, Mozilla internal data structures, and knowledge bases for artificial intelligence projects. RDF provides a consistent framework and syntax for describing and querying data, making it possible to share website descriptions more easily. RDF's capabilities, however, have long been shrouded by its reputation for complexity and a difficult family of specifications. Practical RDF breaks through this reputation with immediate and solvable problems to help you understand, master, and implement RDF solutions.Practical RDF explains RDF from the ground up, providing real-world examples and descriptions of how the technology is being used in applications like Mozilla, FOAF, and Chandler, as well as infrastructure you can use to build your own applications. This book cuts to the heart of the W3C's often obscure specifications, giving you tools to apply RDF successfully in your own projects.The first part of the book focuses on the RDF specifications. After an introduction to RDF, the book covers the RDF specification documents themselves, including RDF Semantics and Concepts and Abstract Model specifications, RDF constructs, and the RDF Schema. The second section focuses on programming language support, and the tools and utilities that allow developers to review, edit, parse, store, and manipulate RDF/XML. Subsequent sections focus on RDF's data roots, programming and framework support, and practical implementation and use of RDF and RDF/XML.If you want to know how to apply RDF to information processing, Practical RDF is for you. Whether your interests lie in large-scale information aggregation and analysis or in smaller-scale projects like weblog syndication, this book will provide you with a solid foundation for working with RDF.
Book Synopsis Lukács: Praxis and the Absolute by : Daniel Andrés López
Download or read book Lukács: Praxis and the Absolute written by Daniel Andrés López and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-10-14 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Georg Lukács’s philosophy of praxis, penned between 1918 and 1928, remains a revolutionary and apocryphal presence within Marxism. His History and Class Consciousness has inspired a century of rapture and reprobation, perhaps, as Gillian Rose suggested, because of its ‘invitation to hermeneutic anarchy’. In Lukács: Praxis and the Absolute, Daniel Andrés López radicalises Lukács’s famous return to Hegel by reassembling his 1920s philosophy as a conceptual-historical totality. This speculative reading defends Lukács while proposing an unprecedented, immanent critique. While Lukács’s concept of praxis approaches the shape of Hegel’s Absolute, it tragically fails to bear its weight. However, as López argues, Lukács’s failure was productive: it raises crucial political, methodological and philosophical questions for Marxism, offering to redeem a lost century.
Book Synopsis Robots, Reasoning, and Reification by : James P. Gunderson
Download or read book Robots, Reasoning, and Reification written by James P. Gunderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-17 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work was created from the statement “But, all you have to do is make the robot recognize its surroundings. Salamanders do it, and how complex are they?” Little did we know what a long path was started with those simple words. This book is a small step on that path, which we hope leads to robots that can serve as true and useful assistants to humans. At the least, we hope for some help with the tasks that are described by the 3 d**** words (dull, dirty, or dangerous). Fair warning, this work is a synthesis of ideas from many disciplines. As such, we have depended on the work of many other researchers and philosophers. The heart of this work, the lens model, comes from the work of Egon Brunswik. Even though he died in the 1950’s, his ideas are still strong enough to resonate into the 2000’s and into our robot. Another researcher who’s work has greatly in?uenced this work is Walter Freeman, Professor Emeritus of Neurobiology at the University of California, Berkeley. We have relied heavily on his work on preafference and attention to guide the development of our robot. In addition, we have used research from a myriad of different ?elds. Our huge thanks to all the researchers who’s work we used to synthesize this new theory. Denver, CO Louise F. Gunderson July 2008 James P.
Book Synopsis Ontology Representation by : R. Hoekstra
Download or read book Ontology Representation written by R. Hoekstra and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2009-07-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the (in)famous definition states: "An ontology is an explicit specification of a conceptualization". However, an ontology is also a philosophical theory of existence, a knowledge management resource, a database schema, or a type of knowledge representation artefact on the semantic web. Over the years the term 'ontology' has been used in so many different ways that one can no longer be sure what is meant by it at any given occasion. This book clarifies the role ontologies play in knowledge representation; it discusses the distinctions with their use in philosophy, gives insight in the features, rationale and limitations of the OWL 2 web ontology language, and provides a critical review of methodologies and design principles advocated to improve the quality of ontologies. It covers both theory and practice of knowledge acquisition, representation and ontologies; it emphasises human understanding as knowledge structuring principle, and demonstrates this approach in the development of a core ontology of basic legal concepts (LKIF Core) and in the exploration of expressive ontology design patterns for the representation of social reality, change and causation, actions and transactions. In doing so it contributes to a better understanding of the representation of ontologies; or rather, what it means to do ontology representation.
Download or read book Reification written by Timothy Bewes and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of all the concepts which have emerged to describe the effects of capitalism on the human world, none is more graphic or easily grasped than "reification"-the process by which men and women are turned into objects, things. Arising out of Marx's account of commodity fetishism, the concept of reification offers an unrivalled tool with which to explain the real consequences of the power of capital on consciousness itself. Symptoms of reification are proliferating around us-from the branding of goods and services to racial and sexual stereotypes, all forms of religious faith, the growth of nationalism, and recent concepts like "spin" and "globalization." At such a time, the term ought to enjoy greater critical currency than ever. Recent thinkers, however, have expressed deep reservations about the concept, and the term has become marginalized in the humanities and social societies. Eschewing this trend, Timothy Bewes opens up a new formulation of the concept, claiming that, in the highly reflective age of "late capitalism," reification is best understood as a form of social and cultural anxiety: further, that such an understanding returns the concept to its origins in the work of Georg Lukcs. Drawing upon writers including Kierkegaard, Herman Melville, Proust and Flannery O'Connor, he outlines a theory of reification which promises to unite politics with truth, art with experience, and philosophy with real life.
Download or read book Reification written by Axel Honneth and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-28 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these original and imaginative essays, delivered as the Tanner Lectures at the University of California, Berkeley in 2005, the distinguished third-generation Frankfurt School philosopher Axel Honneth attempts to rescue the concept of reification by recasting it in terms of the philosophy of recognition he has been developing over the past two decades.
Book Synopsis The Schema of the Theory of Reification by : Wataru Hiromatsu
Download or read book The Schema of the Theory of Reification written by Wataru Hiromatsu and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-05-02 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Placing the concept of reification at the centre of Marx’s thought, Hiromatsu demonstrates across a number of areas — history, the understanding of society, and the understanding of philosophy — the philosophical and practical change in worldview which this concept brings about.
Book Synopsis The Semantic Web -- ISWC 2012 by : Philippe Cudré-Mauroux
Download or read book The Semantic Web -- ISWC 2012 written by Philippe Cudré-Mauroux and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-10-28 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two-volume set LNCS 7649 + 7650 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2012, held in Boston, MA, USA, in November 2012. The International Semantic Web Conference is the premier forum for Semantic Web research, where cutting edge scientific results and technological innovations are presented, where problems and solutions are discussed, and where the future of this vision is being developed. It brings together specialists in fields such as artificial intelligence, databases, social networks, distributed computing, Web engineering, information systems, human-computer interaction, natural language processing, and the social sciences. Volume 1 contains a total of 41 papers which were presented in the research track. They were carefully reviewed and selected from 186 submissions. Volume 2 contains 17 papers from the in-use track which were accepted from 77 submissions. In addition, it presents 8 contributions to the evaluations and experiments track and 7 long papers and 8 short papers of the doctoral consortium.
Book Synopsis Diagrammatic Representation and Reasoning by : Michael Anderson
Download or read book Diagrammatic Representation and Reasoning written by Michael Anderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rise in computing and multimedia technology has spawned an increasing interest in the role of diagrams and sketches, not only for the purpose of conveying information but also for creative thinking and problem-solving. This book attempts to characterise the nature of "a science of diagrams" in a wide-ranging, multidisciplinary study that contains accounts of the most recent research results in computer science and psychology. Key topics include: cognitive aspects, formal aspects, and applications. It is a well-written and indispensable survey for researchers and students in the fields of cognitive science, artificial intelligence, human-computer interaction, and graphics and visualisation.
