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Regulation Of Synaptic Structure And Function
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Book Synopsis Regulation of Synaptic Structure and Function by : Zhiyong Shao
Download or read book Regulation of Synaptic Structure and Function written by Zhiyong Shao and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-18 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structural and Functional Organization of the Synapse by : Johannes W. Hell
Download or read book Structural and Functional Organization of the Synapse written by Johannes W. Hell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-06-25 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new Springer volume, which comes complete with a free DVD, is a comprehensive and detailed overview of the synapse with emphasis on the glutamatergic synapse. Most chapters relate the synapse’s functional aspects to its molecular mechanisms. This approach shows which mechanisms are characterized on both the functional and structural level and can thus be considered firmly established. It’s an important text for neuroscientists and disease-oriented clinicians in neurology.
Book Synopsis Regulation of Synaptic Structure and Function at the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction by : Aline Dorret Blunk
Download or read book Regulation of Synaptic Structure and Function at the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction written by Aline Dorret Blunk and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuronal communication requires a spatially organized synaptic apparatus to coordinate neurotransmitter release from synaptic vesicles and activation of postsynaptic receptors. Structural remodeling of synaptic connections can strengthen neuronal communication and synaptic efficacy during development and behavioral plasticity. Here, I describe experimental approaches that have revealed how the actin cytoskeleton participates in transynaptic signaling to control synapse assembly. I also describe my studies on how regulation of endocytic trafficking controls synaptic growth during neuronal development. To identify regulators of synapse assembly, I carried out a large-scale EMS mutagenesis screen of the second chromosome. From this screen I identified a mutation in actin 57B that disrupts synaptic morphology and presynaptic active zone organization. Actin 57B is one of six actin genes in Drosophila and is expressed in body wall muscle during larval development. The isolated allele harbors a point mutation disrupting a highly conserved amino acid present throughout the actin family. Homozygous mutant larvae show impaired alignment and spacing of presynaptic active zones. Additionally, disruption of the organization of the postsynaptic density is observed, with mislocalization of the Spectrin cytoskeleton and the PSD-homolog Disc-Large. Phallodin staining reveals a severe disruption of postsynaptic actin surrounding presynaptic boutons, with the formation of aberrant large actin swirls. Based on these results, we hypothesize that the loss of a synaptic interaction mediated by actin 57B leads to disruption of postsynaptic cytoskeletal organization and dysregulation of signals required to organize presynaptic active zones. Additionally, I present data that provide new insights into the mechanisms controlling synaptic growth signaling during transit through the endocytic pathway. Nervous Wreck (Nwk) is a presynaptic F-BAR/SH3 protein that regulates synaptic growth signaling in Drosophila. Here, I show that Nwk acts through a physical interaction with Sorting Nexin 16 (SNX16). SNX16 promotes synaptic growth signaling by activated BMP receptors, and live imaging in neurons reveals that SNX16-positive early endosomes undergo transient interactions with Nwkcontaining recycling endosomes. We identify an alternative signal termination pathway in the absence of Snx16 that is controlled by ESCRT-mediated internalization of receptors into the endosomal lumen. Our results define a presynaptic trafficking pathway mediated by SNX116, NWK and the ESCRT complex that functions to control synaptic growth signaling at the interface between endosomal compartments. Together, these experiments have expanded our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control synaptic growth and assembly, highlighting the role of the postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton and the presynaptic endosomal trafficking pathway as key regulators.
Download or read book The Synapse written by Virginia M. Pickel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-11-16 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Synapse summarizes recent advances in cellular and molecular mechanisms of synaptic transmission and provides new insights into neuronal plasticity and the cellular basis of neurological diseases. Part 1 provides an in-depth look at structural differences and distribution of various pre- and post-synaptic proteins found at glutamatergic synapses. Part 2 is dedicated to dendritic spines and their associated perisynaptic glia, which together constitute the tripartite synapse. The spines are portrayed as major sites for calcium sequestration and local protein synthesis. Part 3 highlights the important regional and cellular differences between glutamatergic transmission and that of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and acetylcholine that are commonly found in axon terminals without synaptic membrane specializations. Part 4 provides an overview of the synapse from the time of formation to degeneration under the powerful influence of aging or hormonal decline that leads to severe deficits in cognitive function. Each chapter is illustrated with drawings and images derived from calcium imaging, electron microscopic immunolabeling, or electrophysiology. This book is a valuable reference for neuroscientists and clinical neurologists in both research and clinical settings. A comprehensive reference focused on the structure and function of the synapse Covers the links between the synapse and neural plasticity and the cellular basis of neurologic disease Detailed coverage of dendritic spines and associated perisynaptic glia—the tripartite synapse Includes in-depth coverage of synapse degeneration due to aging or hormonal decline related to severe cognitive impairment
Book Synopsis Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity at the Drosophila Larval NMJ by : Maude Warren-Paquin
Download or read book Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity at the Drosophila Larval NMJ written by Maude Warren-Paquin and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Neural Plasticity and Memory by : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Memory written by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniq
Book Synopsis Neuromuscular Junctions in Drosophila by :
Download or read book Neuromuscular Junctions in Drosophila written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1999-04-29 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuromuscular Junctions in Drosophila gathers the main contributions that research using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has made in the area of synapse development, synapse physiology, and excitability of muscles and nerve cells. The chapters in this book represent a synthesis of major advances in our understanding of neuronal development and synaptic physiology, which have been obtained using the above approach.This book is directed to the general neuroscience audience: researchers, instructors, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates who are interested in the mechanisms of synapse development and physiology. However, the book will also be a valuable resource for those that use the fruit fly as a model system in their laboratories. Key Features* Synthesizes the genetic approaches used to study synaptic development and function at the neuromuscular junction, using flies as a model system* Covers major recent advances in muscle development, pathfinding, synapse maturation and plasticity, exo- and endocytosis, and ion channel function* Written in clear language that is easily understandable to readers not already familiar with fruit fly research* Includes numerous diagrams and extensive reference lists
Book Synopsis Neurotransmitter Release by : Hugo J. Bellen
Download or read book Neurotransmitter Release written by Hugo J. Bellen and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with background information on neurotransmitter release. Emphasis is placed on the rationale by which proteins are assigned specific functions rather than just providing facts about function.
Book Synopsis Make Life Visible by : Yoshiaki Toyama
Download or read book Make Life Visible written by Yoshiaki Toyama and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-02 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes marked advances in imaging technology that have enabled the visualization of phenomena in ways formerly believed to be completelyimpossible. These technologies have made major contributions to the elucidation of the pathology of diseases as well as to their diagnosis and therapy. The volume presents various studies from molecular imaging to clinical imaging. It also focuses on innovative, creative, advanced research that gives full play to imaging technology inthe broad sense, while exploring cross-disciplinary areas in which individual research fields interact and pursuing the development of new techniques where they fuse together. The book is separated into three parts, the first of which addresses the topic of visualizing and controlling molecules for life. Th e second part is devoted to imaging of disease mechanisms, while the final part comprises studies on the application of imaging technologies to diagnosis and therapy. Th e book contains the proceedings of the 12th Uehara International Symposium 2017, “Make Life Visible” sponsored by the Uehara Memorial Foundation and held from June 12 to 14, 2017. It is written by leading scientists in the field and is an open access publication under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Book Synopsis Functional Ultrastructure by : Margit Pavelka
Download or read book Functional Ultrastructure written by Margit Pavelka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-16 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The period between 1950 and 1980 were the golden unique insights into how pathological processes affect years of transmission electron microscopy and produced cell organization. a plethora of new information on the structure of cells This information is vital to current work in which that was coupled to and followed by biochemical and the emphasis is on integrating approaches from functional studies. TEM was king and each micrograph proteomics, molecular biology, genetics, genomics, of a new object produced new information that led to molecular imaging and physiology and pathology to novel insights on cell and tissue organization and their understand cell functions and derangements in disease. functions. The quality of data represented by the images In this current era, there is a growing tendency to of cell and tissues had been perfected to a very high level substitut e modern light microscopic techniques for by the great microscopists of that era including Palade, electron microscopy, because it is less technically Porter, Fawcett, Sjostrand, Rhodin and many others. At demanding and is more readily available to researchers- present, the images that we see in leading journals for This atlas reminds us that the information obtained by the most part do not reach the same technical level and electron microscopy is invaluable and has no substitute.
Book Synopsis The Squid Giant Synapse by : Rodolfo Riascos Llinás
Download or read book The Squid Giant Synapse written by Rodolfo Riascos Llinás and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ideal for graduate and undergraduate courses, the book includes PC and Macintosh versions of two programs for simulating and manipulating any aspect of synaptic transmission."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis Neuronal Dynamics by : Wulfram Gerstner
Download or read book Neuronal Dynamics written by Wulfram Gerstner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This solid introduction uses the principles of physics and the tools of mathematics to approach fundamental questions of neuroscience.
Book Synopsis Biology of the NMDA Receptor by : Antonius M. VanDongen
Download or read book Biology of the NMDA Receptor written by Antonius M. VanDongen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-10-29 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NMDA receptor plays a critical role in the development of the central nervous system and in adult neuroplasticity, learning, and memory. Therefore, it is not surprising that this receptor has been widely studied. However, despite the importance of rhythms for the sustenance of life, this aspect of NMDAR function remains poorly studied. Written
Book Synopsis Anatomy and Physiology by : J. Gordon Betts
Download or read book Anatomy and Physiology written by J. Gordon Betts and published by . This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Histamine in the brain by : Jian-Sheng Lin
Download or read book Histamine in the brain written by Jian-Sheng Lin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-18 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain aminergic pathways are organized in parallel and interacting systems, which support a range of functions, from homoeostatic regulations to cognitive, and motivational processes. Despite overlapping functional influences, dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline and histamine systems provide different contributions to these processes. The histaminergic system, long ignored as a major regulator of the sleep-wake cycle, has now been fully acknowledged also as a major coordinator of attention, learning and memory, decision making. Although histaminergic neurons project widely to the whole brain, they are functionally heterogeneous, a feature which may provide the substrate for differential regulation, in a region-specific manner, of other neurotransmitter systems. Neurochemical preclinical studies have clearly shown that histamine interacts and modulates the release of neurotransmitters that are recognized as major modulators of cognitive processing and motivated behaviours. As a consequence, the histamine system has been proposed as a therapeutic target to treat sleep-wake disorders and cognitive dysfunctions that accompany neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory pathologies. Last decades have witnessed an unexpected explosion of interest in brain histamine system, as new receptors have been discovered and selective ligands synthesised. Nevertheless, the complete picture of the histamine systems fine-tuning and its orchestration with other pathways remains rather elusive. This Research Topic is intended to offer an inter-disciplinary forum that will improve our current understanding of the role of brain histamine and provide the fundamentals necessary to drive innovation in clinical practice and to improve the management and treatment of neurological disorders.
Book Synopsis The Tripartite Synapse by : Andrea Volterra
Download or read book The Tripartite Synapse written by Andrea Volterra and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2002 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying CD-ROM contains ... "additional images, movies, and animated sequences." -- p. [4] of cover.
Book Synopsis Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury by : Daniel Laskowitz
Download or read book Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme