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Regulation Of Sodium Transport Across Epithelia Derived From Human Mammary Gland
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Book Synopsis Regulation of Sodium Transport Across Epithelia Derived from Human Mammary Gland by : Qian Wang
Download or read book Regulation of Sodium Transport Across Epithelia Derived from Human Mammary Gland written by Qian Wang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first aim of this project is to define the cellular mechanisms that account for the low Na concentration in human milk. MCF10A cells, which were derived from human mammary epithelium and grown on permeable supports, exhibit amiloride- and benzamil-sensitive short circuit current (I[subscript]sc), suggesting activity of the epithelial Na channel, ENaC. When cultured in the presence of cholera toxin (Ctx), MCF10A cells exhibit greater amiloride sensitive I[subscript]sc at all time points tested, an effect that is not reduced with Ctx washout for 12 hours or by cytosolic pathways inhibitors. Ctx increases the abundance of both [beta] and [gamma]-ENaC in the apical membrane and increases its monoubiquitination but without changing total protein and mRNA levels. Additionally, Ctx increases the levels of both the phosphorylated and the nonphosphorylated forms of Nedd4-2, a ubiquitin-protein ligase that regulates ENaC degradation. The results reveal a novel mechanism in human mammary gland epithelia by which Ctx regulates ENaC-mediated Na+ transport. The second project aim is to develop a protocol to isolate mammary gland epithelia for subsequent in vitro culture. Caprine (1° CME) and bovine mammary epithelia (1° BME) were isolated and cultured on permeable supports to study hormone- and neurotransmitter-sensitive ion transport. Both 1° CME and 1° BME cells were passed for multiple subcultures and all passages formed electrically tight barriers. 1° CME were cultured in the presence of hydrocortisone and exhibited high electrical resistance and amiloride-sensitive I[subscript]sc, suggesting the presence of ENaC-mediated Na+ transport. 1° BME were grown in a complex media in the presence or absence of dexamethasone. In contrast to 1° CME, 1° BME exhibited no detectable amiloride-sensitive I[subscript]sc in either culture condition. However, 1° BME monolayers responded to an adrenergic agonist, norepinephrine, and a cholinergic agonist, carbamylcholine, with rapid increases in I[subscript]sc. Thus, this protocol for isolation and primary cell culture can be used for future studies that focus on mammary epithelial cell regulation and functions. In conclusion, the results from these projects demonstrate that mammary epithelial cells form electrically tight monolayers and can exhibit neurotransmitter- and/or hormone-induced net ion transport. The mechanisms that regulate Na+ transport across mammary gland may provide clues to prevent or treat mastitis.
Book Synopsis Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells by : Juliusz Ashot Kozak
Download or read book Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells written by Juliusz Ashot Kozak and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells focuses on methods of investigating the structure and function of non-voltage gated calcium channels. Each chapter presents important discoveries in calcium entry pathways, specifically dealing with the molecular identification of store-operated calcium channels which were reviewed by earlier volumes in the Methods in Signal Transduction series. Crystallographic and pharmacological approaches to the study of calcium channels of epithelial cells are also discussed. Calcium ion is a messenger in most cell types. Whereas voltage gated calcium channels have been studied extensively, the non-voltage gated calcium entry channel genes have only been identified relatively recently. The book will fill this important niche.
Book Synopsis Biology of the Mammary Gland by : John A. Mol
Download or read book Biology of the Mammary Gland written by John A. Mol and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the European Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research (COST 825) Symposium on Mammary Gland Biology, held September 16-18, 1999, in Tours, France. It is difficult to overstate the evolutionary and functional significance of mammary tissue in biology. Substantial progress has been made by researchers in various disciplines, particularly over the last fifteen years, towards realizing the potential of this tissue to yield powerful experimental models for morphogenesis and tissue development; for cellular differentiation; for the biosynthesis and secretion of proteins, lipids, small molecules and inorganic salts; and for the coordination and regulation of these processes. More recently, the possibility of exploiting the secretory epithelial cells of mammary tissue as `cell factories' has become a reality and the recombinant production by lactating animals of an increasing number of proteins, valuable both in the pharmaceutical and `nutraceutical' fields, is in progress or under development. Also in this sphere of agricultural production, genetic as well as nutritional technologies are under investigation and exploitation to optimize milk composition for various end-uses - for instance in food process and manufacture. The possibilities of deriving health benefit from the bioactive properties of some of the minor constituents of milk are emerging to counter the highly-publicized negative health impact of excessive consumption of saturated animal fats. In human nutrition and medicine, the mammary gland is both a source of nutrition to the neonate and a potential health threat to the adult female - breast cancer remains the major single cause of female mortality in most developed countries. This volume provides a unique glimpse into our understanding, at the cutting edge of a variety of disciplines, of this versatile and extraordinary tissue, at the birth of the twenty-first century.
Book Synopsis Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research by :
Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ion Transport Across Epithelial Tissues and Disease by : Kirk L. Hamilton
Download or read book Ion Transport Across Epithelial Tissues and Disease written by Kirk L. Hamilton and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-12 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the unique ion channels and transporters found within the epithelial tissues of various organs, including the kidney, intestine, pancreas and respiratory tract. Authors focus on demonstrating the crucial roles that each of these channels and transporters play in transepithelial ion and fluid transport across epithelia, as well as in maintaining homeostasis. It allows readers to gain an understanding of the fundamentals of ion transport, in terms of function, modelling, regulation, trafficking, structure and pharmacology. This is the second of three volumes highlighting the importance of epithelial ion channels and transporters in basic physiology and pathophysiology of human diseases. This volume focuses on a wide array of epithelial tissues and the use of organoids to study epithelial function. Furthermore, clinical researchers and basic scientists from various fields provide a medical perspective on the physiology of a number of tissues and organs of the body including the pancreas, intestine, sweat glands, mammary gland, inner ear epithelia, retinal pigment epithelia of the eye, choroid plexus, and the ectodermal epithelia in dental enamel formation. This volume aims to ‘round out’ the reader’s journey from basic science to the laboratory bench and clinical management of molecular diseases, making Volume 2 a must-read for students and scientists in the field of physiology, as well as for clinicians.
Book Synopsis Hormonal Signaling in Biology and Medicine by : Gerald Litwack
Download or read book Hormonal Signaling in Biology and Medicine written by Gerald Litwack and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hormonal Signaling in Biology and Medicine: Comprehensive Modern Endocrinology covers the endocrine secretions produced by every organ. This extensive collection of knowledge is organized by tissue, addressing how certain hormones are synthesized in multiple tissues, along with their structure, function and pathways, which are very applicable for researchers in drug design who need to focus on a specific step along the pathway. This is a must have reference for researchers in endocrinology and practicing endocrinologists, but it is also ideal for biochemists, pharmacologists, biologists and students. Serves as a valuable desk reference for researchers Provides information on the structure of a given hormone, its receptor(s), and the pathways that become activated Includes extensive citations to the literature that will enable the reader to dig more deeply into the effects of a given hormone
Author :National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1224 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Research Grants Index by : National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants
Download or read book Research Grants Index written by National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction by :
Download or read book Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2005-12-12 with total page 3269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 3rd edition, the first new one in ten years, includes coverage of molecular levels of detail arising from the last decade's explosion of information at this level of organismic organization. There are 5 new Associate Editors and about 2/3 of the chapters have new authors. Chapters prepared by return authors are extensively revised. Several new chapters have been added on the topic of pregnancy, reflecting the vigorous investigation of this topic during the last decade.The information covered includes both human and experimental animals; basic principels are sought, and information at the organismic and molecular levels are presented. *The leading comprehensive work on the physiology of reproduction*Edited and authored by the world's leading scientists in the field*Is a synthesis of the molecular, cellular, and organismic levels of organization*Bibliogrpahics of chapters are extensive and cover all the relevant literature
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction by : Ernst Knobil
Download or read book Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction written by Ernst Knobil and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 1550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 3rd edition, the first new one in ten years, includes coverage of molecular levels of detail arising from the last decade's explosion of information at this level of organismic organization. There are 5 new Associate Editors and about 2/3 of the chapters have new authors. Chapters prepared by return authors are extensively revised. Several new chapters have been added on the topic of pregnancy, reflecting the vigorous investigation of this topic during the last decade.The information covered includes both human and experimental animals; basic principels are sought, and information at the organismic and molecular levels are presented. *The leading comprehensive work on the physiology of reproduction*Edited and authored by the world's leading scientists in the field*Is a synthesis of the molecular, cellular, and organismic levels of organization*Bibliogrpahics of chapters are extensive and cover all the relevant literature
Download or read book Lactation written by Margaret Neville and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book had its genesIs In the frustrations of the editors in locating authoritative, up-to-date material for an interdisciplinary graduate course in mammary gland biology, lactation, and breast-feeding. As we turned to the original literature several reasons for the dearth of usable material became clear: (1) In the areas of mammary gland biology and physiology, particularly as they relate to the human, reviews simply have not kept up with current research, which has in the last two decades provided tremendous insight into the mechanisms of milk secretion and its control. (2) The lack of interest in human milk as infant food inhibited researchers until very recently from investigating human lactation. (3) Much of the relevant clinical information remains anecdotal with little scientific basis. In this book we have tried to present the fundamentals of mammary gland physiology at the organismic and cellular levels in a form readily understood by physicians, scientists, and other professionals. This basic information is accompanied by authoritative reviews of the nutritional and immunological properties of human milk and by clinically relevant chapters designed to help health care professionals deal with the medical problems of the breast-feeding mother and her infant. We have strived in these chapters for up-to-date, authoritative, but readable accounts. In so far as possible we have avoided areas where much of our understanding rests on speculation. In the clinical domain this was not always possible because of a lack of solid, scientific information about breast-feeding.
Book Synopsis Epithelial Cell Culture Protocols by : Scott H. Randell
Download or read book Epithelial Cell Culture Protocols written by Scott H. Randell and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fascinating biology occurs at epithelial interfaces, whether between organism and environment or within body compartments, and many diseases inflicting huge personal and societal burdens result from dysfunction of epithelial systems, e.g., carcinomas. Epithelial cell cultures have been an integral and crucial part of the biomedical research enterprise, adding unique capabilities and enabling mechanistic approaches. In the past decade there have been many research advances, such as directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, robotic high throughput screening, whole genome siRNA and shRNA libraries, massively parallel sequencing at low cost, identification of somatic stem cells in key organs, to name a few. Epithelial Cell Culture Protocols, Second Edition provides a cross section of up-to-date culture protocols for the most heavily studied cell systems and featured supporting technologies. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Epithelial Cell Culture Protocols, Second Edition will serve outstanding investigators with the best possible information for the advancement of biomedical science.
Book Synopsis Fetal and Neonatal Physiology E-Book by : Richard Polin
Download or read book Fetal and Neonatal Physiology E-Book written by Richard Polin and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-05-11 with total page 2381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fetal & Neonatal Physiology provides neonatologist fellows and physicians with the essential information they need to effectively diagnose, treat, and manage sick and premature infants. Fully comprehensive, this resource continues to serve as an excellent reference tool, focusing on the basic science needed for exam preparation and the key information required for full-time practice. The 5th edition is the most substantially updated and revised edition ever. In the 5 years since the last edition published, there have been thousands of publications on various aspects of development of health and disease; Fetal and Neonatal Physiology synthesizes this knowledge into definitive guidance for today's busy practitioner. Offers definitive guidance on how to effectively manage the many health problems seen in newborn and premature infants. Chapters devoted to clinical correlation help explain the implications of fetal and neonatal physiology. Allows you to apply the latest insights on genetic therapy, intrauterine infections, brain protection and neuroimaging, and much more. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, images, and references from the book on a variety of devices. Features a fantastic new 4-color design with 1,000 illustrations, 170+ chapters, and over 350 contributors. 16 new chapters cover such hot topics as Epigenetics; Placental Function in Intrauterine Growth Restriction; Regulation of Pulmonary Circulation; The Developing Microbiome of the Fetus and Newborn; Hereditary Contribution to Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia; Mechanistic Aspects of Phototherapy for Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia; Cerebellar Development; Pathophysiology of Neonatal Sepsis; Pathophysiology of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn; Pathophysiology of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome; Pathophysiology of Ventilator Dependent Infants; Pathophysiology of Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury; Pathophysiology of Neonatal White Matter Injury; Pathophysiology of Meningitis; Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia; and Pathophysiology of Chorioamnionitis. New Pathophysiology of Neonatal Diseases section highlights every process associated with a disease or injury, all in one place. In-depth information, combined with end-of-chapter summaries, enables deep or quick use of the text.
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Download or read book The Endothelium written by Michel Félétou and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in direct contact with the blood/lymph and the circulating cells. The endothelium is a major player in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation and vascular tone, a major actor in the regulation of immunology, inflammation and angiogenesis, and an important metabolizing and an endocrine organ. Endothelial cells controls vascular tone, and thereby blood flow, by synthesizing and releasing relaxing and contracting factors such as nitric oxide, metabolites of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 pathways, various peptides (endothelin, urotensin, CNP, adrenomedullin, etc.), adenosine, purines, reactive oxygen species and so on. Additionally, endothelial ectoenzymes are required steps in the generation of vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II. An endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or the release of these various endothelial factors may explain the initiation of cardiovascular pathologies (from hypertension to atherosclerosis) or their development and perpetuation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Multiple Functions of the Endothelial Cells / Calcium Signaling in Vascular Cells and Cell-to-Cell Communications / Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone / Conclusion / References
Download or read book Oncology Overview written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
