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Regulation Of Proton Coupled Electron Transfer From Amino Acids In Artificial Model Systems
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Book Synopsis Regulation of Proton Coupled Electron Transfer from Amino Acids in Artificial Model Systems by : Martin Sjödin
Download or read book Regulation of Proton Coupled Electron Transfer from Amino Acids in Artificial Model Systems written by Martin Sjödin and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Unraveling the Mechanistic Details of Proton Coupled Electron Transfer (PCET) Using Model Systems by : Afua Nti
Download or read book Unraveling the Mechanistic Details of Proton Coupled Electron Transfer (PCET) Using Model Systems written by Afua Nti and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Photoinitiated Proton-coupled Electron Transfer and Radical Transport Kinetics in Class la Ribonucleotide Reductase by : Arturo Alejandro Pizano
Download or read book Photoinitiated Proton-coupled Electron Transfer and Radical Transport Kinetics in Class la Ribonucleotide Reductase written by Arturo Alejandro Pizano and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) is a critical mechanism in biology, underpinning key processes such as radical transport, energy transduction, and enzymatic substrate activation. Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) rely on PCET to mediate the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of DNA precursors. E. coli class Ia RNR consists of two dimeric subunits: [alpha]2 contains the active site, while [beta]2 contains a stable diferric-tyrosyl radical cofactor. During turnover, transport occurs over 35 Ȧ, from Y122 in [beta]2 to C439 in [alpha]2) where an active-site thiyl radical mediates turnover. Radical transport is proposed to occur over a series of highly conserved redox-active amino acids, including Y356 in [beta]2,and Y731 and Y730 in [alpha]2 . This thesis examines three subject areas of PCET that pertain to RNR: Small-molecule model systems provide insights into tyrosine oxidation and radical generation. Under physiological conditions, tyrosine oxidation is accompanied by deprotonation and occurs by PCET. A critical factor in PCET reactions is the nature ofthe proton acceptor and the presence ofhydrogen bonding. In a modular model system, pyridyl-amino acid-methyl esters are appended to rhenium(I) tricarbonyl phenanthroline to yield rhenium-amino acid complexes. In dichloromethane solution, bases coordinate to tyrosine by hydrogen bonding. Emission kinetics reveal base-dependent oxidation by PCET. A photopeptide composed of the 19 C-terminal residues of [beta]2, fluorinated tyrosine in place of Y356, and a rhenium(I) bipyridine photooxidant enables photoinitated radical transport into [alpha]2. Transient absorption kinetics show rapid radical transport (105 s-1) that is only observed when both Y731 and Y730, are present, suggesting a critical role for the Y731-Y730, dyad for radical transport in RNR. An intact, photochemical [beta]2 enables studies of an [alpha]2:[beta]2 complex. A bromomethylpyridine rhenium(I) phenanthroline photooxidant labels a single surface-cysteine mutant of [beta]2 at position 355 to yield [Re]- [beta]2. Under flash-quench conditions, transient absorption reveals a tyrosine radical. [Re] -[beta]2 binds [alpha]2 and is capable of light-initiated substrate turnover. Transient emission quenching experiments reveal Y356 oxidation that is dependent on the presence of Y731 in [alpha]2. This result suggests that a Y356-Y731-Y730 triad mediates radical transport across the subunit interface and into [alpha]2.
Book Synopsis Intermolecular and Surface Forces by : Jacob N. Israelachvili
Download or read book Intermolecular and Surface Forces written by Jacob N. Israelachvili and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-07-22 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermolecular and Surface Forces describes the role of various intermolecular and interparticle forces in determining the properties of simple systems such as gases, liquids and solids, with a special focus on more complex colloidal, polymeric and biological systems. The book provides a thorough foundation in theories and concepts of intermolecular forces, allowing researchers and students to recognize which forces are important in any particular system, as well as how to control these forces. This third edition is expanded into three sections and contains five new chapters over the previous edition. - Starts from the basics and builds up to more complex systems - Covers all aspects of intermolecular and interparticle forces both at the fundamental and applied levels - Multidisciplinary approach: bringing together and unifying phenomena from different fields - This new edition has an expanded Part III and new chapters on non-equilibrium (dynamic) interactions, and tribology (friction forces)
Book Synopsis Cytochrome Oxidase by : Mårten Wikström
Download or read book Cytochrome Oxidase written by Mårten Wikström and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Towards New Model Systems for the Study of Proton-coupled Electron Transfer by : Jay Lee Yang
Download or read book Towards New Model Systems for the Study of Proton-coupled Electron Transfer written by Jay Lee Yang and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two new model systems for the study of orthogonal proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) have been developed. The first model system is based on Ru"(HzO)(tpy)(bpy) (tpy = 2,2';6',2"terpyridine, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) where methyl viologen (MV2 ) electron acceptors were appended to the ruthenium aqua complex through the bpy. Picosecond transient absorption measurements show that electron transfer from the excited state of the ruthenium complex to MV2+ occurs with [tau] -200 ps. Experiments performed in water and buffered solution at pH = 7 show no evidence of the loss of proton from the aqua ligand to the bulk solvent or to the phosphate buffer. A minor kinetic isotope effect for the rate of charge separation was found with kH/kD = 1.8 + 0.1 ps. Preliminary synthetic attempts of coupling the ET event to the PT event was accomplished by appending xanthene "Hangman" scaffolds to the 4' position of the tpy. The feasibility of modifying the xanthene scaffold to accommodate various hanging groups has been demonstrated. The second model system is based on Re'(CO)3(phen)(pyr) (phen = 1,10phenanthroline, pyr = pyridine) where tyrosine was appended to the rhenium complex through the axial pyr ligand. Unlike previous Re'(CO)3(bpy)(CN) (CN = cyanide) systems, substitution to the more rigid phen extended the lifetime of the excited state of the rhenium complex to 3.0 ls, which allowed PCET to occur from the tyrosine to the rhenium metal center and hydrogenbonded base in dichloromethane. This was inferred from substantial emission quenching of the rhenium-tyrosine complex through the titration of base (base = pyridine, imidazole, 2,4,6trimethylpyridine). Equilibrium constants measuring the extent of formation of the [rheniumtyrosine---base]+ species were found to correlate with the strength of the base based on aqueous pKa values.
Book Synopsis Advances in Chemical Physics, Volume 123 by : Ilya Prigogine
Download or read book Advances in Chemical Physics, Volume 123 written by Ilya Prigogine and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 2002-07-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest edition of the leading forum in chemical physics Edited by Nobel Prize winner Ilya Prigogine and renowned authority Stuart A. Rice. The Advances in Chemical Physics series provides a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations in every area of the discipline. In a format that encourages the expression of individual points of view, experts in the field present comprehensive analyses of subjects of interest. This stand-alone, special topics volume reports recent advances in electron-transfer research, with significant, up-to-date chapters by internationally recognized researchers. Volume 123 collects innovative papers on "Transition Path Sampling," "Dynamics of Chemical Reactions and Chaos," "The Role of Self Similarity in Renormalization Group Theory," and several other related topics. Advances in Chemical Physics remains the premier venue for presentations of new findings in its field.
Book Synopsis Heterocyclic N-Oxides by : Oleg V. Larionov
Download or read book Heterocyclic N-Oxides written by Oleg V. Larionov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry presents critical reviews on present and future trends in the research of heterocyclic compounds. Overall the scope is to cover topics dealing with all areas within heterocyclic chemistry, both experimental and theoretical, of interest to the general heterocyclic chemistry community. The series consists of topic related volumes edited by renowned editors with contributions of experts in the field. All chapters from Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry are published Online First with an individual DOI. In references, Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry is abbreviated as Top Heterocycl Chem and cited as a journal.
Book Synopsis Solar to Chemical Energy Conversion by : Masakazu Sugiyama
Download or read book Solar to Chemical Energy Conversion written by Masakazu Sugiyama and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-25 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy and its storage. It covers the basic background; interface modeling at the reacting surface; energy conversion with chemical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical approaches and energy conversion using applied photosynthesis. The important concepts for converting solar to chemical energy are based on an understanding of the reactions’ equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions. Since the energy conversion is essentially the transfer of free energy, the process are explained in the context of thermodynamics.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Porphyrin Science: with Applications to Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science, Engineering, Biology and Medicine (volume 5) by : Karl M. Kadish
Download or read book Handbook of Porphyrin Science: with Applications to Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science, Engineering, Biology and Medicine (volume 5) written by Karl M. Kadish and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first set of Handbook of Porphyrin Science.Porphyrins, phthalocyanines and their numerous analogues and derivatives are materials of tremendous importance in chemistry, materials science, physics, biology and medicine. They are the red color in blood (heme) and the green in leaves (chlorophyll); they are also excellent ligands that can coordinate with almost every metal in the Periodic Table. Grounded in natural systems, porphyrins are incredibly versatile and can be modified in many ways; each new modification yields derivatives demonstrated new chemistry, physics and biology, with a vast array of medicinal and technical applications.As porphyrins are currently employed as platforms for study of theoretical principles and applications in a wide variety of fields, the Handbook of Porphyrin Science represents a timely ongoing series dealing in detail with the synthesis, chemistry, physicochemical and medical properties and applications of polypyrrole macrocycles. Professors Karl Kadish, Kevin Smith and Roger Guilard are internationally recognized experts in the research field of porphyrins, each having his own separate area of expertise in the field. Between them, they have published over 1500 peer-reviewed papers and edited more than three dozen books on diverse topics of porphyrins and phthalocyanines. In assembling the new volumes of this unique Handbook, they have selected and attracted the very best scientists in each sub-discipline as contributing authors of the chaptersThis Handbook will prove to be a modern authoritative treatise on the subject as it is a collection of up-to-date works by world-renowned experts in the field. Complete with hundreds of figures, tables and structural formulas, and thousands of literature citations, all researchers and graduate students in this field will find the Handbook of Porphyrin Science an essential, major reference source for many years to come.
Book Synopsis The Limits of Organic Life in Planetary Systems by : National Research Council
Download or read book The Limits of Organic Life in Planetary Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-07-26 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The search for life in the solar system and beyond has to date been governed by a model based on what we know about life on Earth (terran life). Most of NASA's mission planning is focused on locations where liquid water is possible and emphasizes searches for structures that resemble cells in terran organisms. It is possible, however, that life exists that is based on chemical reactions that do not involve carbon compounds, that occurs in solvents other than water, or that involves oxidation-reduction reactions without oxygen gas. To assist NASA incorporate this possibility in its efforts to search for life, the NRC was asked to carry out a study to evaluate whether nonstandard biochemistry might support life in solar system and conceivable extrasolar environments, and to define areas to guide research in this area. This book presents an exploration of a limited set of hypothetical chemistries of life, a review of current knowledge concerning key questions or hypotheses about nonterran life, and suggestions for future research.
Book Synopsis Photodissociation Dynamics by : Reinhard Schinke
Download or read book Photodissociation Dynamics written by Reinhard Schinke and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-05-11 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photodissociation induced by the absorption of single photons permits the detailed study of molecular dynamics such as the breaking of bonds, internal energy transfer and radiationless transitions. The availability of powerful lasers operating over a wide frequency range has stimulated rapid development of new experimental techniques which make it possible to analyse photodissociation processes in unprecedented detail. This text elucidates the achievements in calculating photodissociation cross-sections and fragment state distributions from first principles, starting from multi-dimensional potential energy surfaces and the Schrödinger equation of nuclear motion. Following an extended introduction in which the various types of observables are outlined, the book summarises the basic theoretical tools, namely the time-independent and the time-dependent quantum mechanical approaches as well as the classical picture of photodissociation. The discussions of absorption spectra, diffuse vibrational structures, the vibrational and rotational state distributions of the photofragments form the core of the book. More specific topics such as the dissociation of vibrationally excited molecules, emission during dissociation, or nonadiabatic effects are also discussed. It will be of interest to graduate students and senior scientists working in molecular physics, spectroscopy, molecular collisions and molecular kinetics.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Theory and Applications of the Empirical Valence Bond Approach by : Fernanda Duarte
Download or read book Theory and Applications of the Empirical Valence Bond Approach written by Fernanda Duarte and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of current empirical valence bond (EVB) theory and applications, one of the most powerful tools for studying chemical processes in the condensed phase and in enzymes. Discusses the application of EVB models to a broad range of molecular systems of chemical and biological interest, including reaction dynamics, design of artificial catalysts, and the study of complex biological problems Edited by a rising star in the field of computational enzymology Foreword by Nobel laureate Arieh Warshel, who first developed the EVB approach
Download or read book Photosystem II written by T. Wydrzynski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-27 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most mysterious part of photosynthesis yet the most important for all aerobic life on Earth (including ourselves) is how green plants, algae and cyanobacteria make atmospheric oxygen from water. This thermodynamically difficult process is only achieved in Nature by the unique pigment/protein complex known as Photosystem II, using sunlight to power the reaction. The present volume contains 34 comprehensive chapters authored by 75 scientific experts from around the world. It gives an up-to-date account on all what is currently known about the molecular biology, biochemistry, biophysics and physiology of Photosystem II. The book is divided into several parts detailing the protein constituents, functional sites, tertiary structure, molecular dynamics, and mechanisms of homeostasis. The book ends with a comparison of Photosystem II with other related enzymes and bio-mimetic systems. Since the unique water-splitting chemistry catalyzed by Photosystem II leads to the production of pure oxygen gas and has the potential for making hydrogen gas, a primary goal of this book is to provide a molecular guide to future protein engineers and bio-mimetic chemists in the development of biocatalysts for the generation of clean, renewable energy from sunlight and water.
Download or read book Maillard Reaction written by H E Nursten and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in the field of the Maillard reaction has developed rapidly in recent years as a result of not only the application of improved analytical techniques, but also of the realisation that the Maillard reaction plays an important role in some human diseases and in the ageing process. The Maillard Reaction: Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Implications provides a comprehensive treatise on the Maillard reaction. This single-author volume covers all aspects of the Maillard reaction in a uniform, co-ordinated, and up-to-date manner. The book encompasses: the chemistry of non-enzymic browning; recent advances; colour formation in non-enzymic browning; flavour and off-flavour formation in non-enzymic browning; toxicological aspects; nutritional aspects; other physiological aspects; other consequences of technological significance; implications for other fields; non-enzymic browning due mainly to ascorbic acid; caramelisation; inhibition of non-enzymic browning in foods; and inhibition of the Maillard reaction in vivo. The Maillard Reaction: Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Implications will be welcomed as an important publication for both new and experienced researchers who are involved in solving the mysteries and complexities of Maillard chemistry and biochemistry. It will also appeal to students, university lecturers, and researchers in a variety of fields, including food science, nutrition, biochemistry, medicine, pharmacology, toxicology, and soil science.
