Reframing Trauma in Contemporary Fiction Film

Download Reframing Trauma in Contemporary Fiction Film PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1793651957
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (936 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Reframing Trauma in Contemporary Fiction Film by : Tarja Laine

Download or read book Reframing Trauma in Contemporary Fiction Film written by Tarja Laine and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2023-07-31 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Tarja Laine provides insights into how traumatic cinema invites profound affective engagement with the pathology of memory that lies at the heart of trauma. The author reveals that traumatic cinema communicates the inability to process a traumatic event by means of its aesthetic specificity as a time-based medium.

Feminist Posthumanism in Contemporary Science Fiction Film and Media

Download Feminist Posthumanism in Contemporary Science Fiction Film and Media PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1501398415
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (13 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Feminist Posthumanism in Contemporary Science Fiction Film and Media by : Julia A. Empey

Download or read book Feminist Posthumanism in Contemporary Science Fiction Film and Media written by Julia A. Empey and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2023-08-24 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feminist Posthumanism in Contemporary Science Fiction Film and Media: From Annihilation to High Life and Beyond places posthumanism and feminist theory into dialogue with contemporary science fiction film and media. This essay collection is intimately invested in the debates around the posthuman and the critical posthumanities within a feminist critical-theoretical framework. In this posthumanist light, science fiction as a genre allows for new imaginings of human-technological relations, while it can also be the site of a critique of human exceptionalism and essentialism. In this way, science fiction affords unique opportunities for the scholarly investigation of the relevance and relative applicability of specific posthumanist themes and questions in a particularly rich and wide-ranging popular cultural field of production. One of the reasons for this suitability is the genre's historically longstanding relationship with the critical investigation of gender, specifically the position and relative empowerment of women. The original analyses presented here pay close attention to audiovisual style (including game mechanics), facilitating the critical interrogation of the issues and questions around posthumanism. Where typically the mention of SF in the posthumanist context calls to mind a whole set of (often clichéd) tropes-the cyborg, technologically augmented bodies, AI subjectivities, etc.-this volume's thirteen chapters analyze specific examples of contemporary SF cinema that engage in meaningful ways with the burgeoning field of critical posthumanism, and that utilize such films to interrogate posthumanist and feminist as well as humanistic ideas.

Contemporary American Science Fiction Film

Download Contemporary American Science Fiction Film PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000540642
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Contemporary American Science Fiction Film by : Terence McSweeney

Download or read book Contemporary American Science Fiction Film written by Terence McSweeney and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-02-21 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary American Science Fiction Film explores and interrogates a diverse variety of popular and culturally relevant American science fiction films made in the first two decades of the new millennium, offering a ground-breaking investigation of the impactful role of genre cinema in the modern era. Placing one of the most popular and culturally resonant American film genres broadly within its rich social, historical, industrial, and political context, the book interrogates some of the defining critical debates of the era via an in-depth analysis of a range of important films. An international team of authors draw on case studies from across the science fiction genre to examine what these films can tell us about the time period, how the films themselves connect to the social and political context, how the fears and anxieties they portray resonate beyond the screen, and how the genre responds to the shifting coordinates of the Hollywood film industry. Offering new insights and perspectives on the cinematic science fiction genre, this volume will appeal primarily to scholars and students of film, television, cultural and media studies, as well as anyone interested in science fiction and speculative film.

Terrorizing Images

Download Terrorizing Images PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 311069395X
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Terrorizing Images by : Charles Ivan Armstrong

Download or read book Terrorizing Images written by Charles Ivan Armstrong and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-09-07 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Culture and conflict inevitably go hand in hand. The very idea of culture is marked by the notion of difference and by the creative, fraught interaction between conflicting concepts and values. The same can be said of all key ideas in the study of culture, such as identity and diversity, memory and trauma, the translation of cultures and globalization, dislocation and emplacement, mediation and exclusion. This series publishes theoretically informed original scholarship from the fields of literary and cultural studies as well as media, visual, and film studies. It fosters an interdisciplinary dialogue on the multiple ways in which conflict supports and constrains the production of meaning, on how conflict is represented, how it relates to the past and projects the present, and how it frames scholarship within the humanities. Editors: Isabel Capeloa Gil, Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal; Paulo de Medeiros, University of Warwick, UK, Catherine Nesci, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA. Editorial Board: Arjun Appadurai, New York University, Claudia Benthien, Universität Hamburg, Elisabeth Bronfen, Universität Zürich, Bishnupriya Ghosh, University of California, Santa Barbara, Joyce Goggin, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Lawrence Grossberg, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Andreas Huyssen, Columbia University, Ansgar Nünning, Universität Gießen, Naomi Segal, University of London, Birkbeck College, Márcio Seligmann-Silva, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, António Sousa Ribeiro, Universidade de Coimbra, Roberto Vecchi, Universita di Bologna, Samuel Weber, Northwestern University, Liliane Weissberg, University of Pennsylvania, Christoph Wulf, FU Berlin, Longxi Zhang, City University of Hong Kong

Reframing 9/11

Download Reframing 9/11 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1441141952
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (411 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Reframing 9/11 by : Jeff Birkenstein

Download or read book Reframing 9/11 written by Jeff Birkenstein and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2010-05-13 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: September 11th, 2001 remains a focal point of American consciousness, a site demanding ongoing excavation, a site at which to mark before and after "everything" changed. In ways both real and intangible the entire sequence of events of that day continues to resonate in an endlessly proliferating aftermath of meanings that continue to evolve. Presenting a collection of analyses by an international body of scholars that examines America's recent history, this book focuses on popular culture as a profound discursive site of anxiety and discussion about 9/11 and demystifies the day's events in order to contextualize them into a historically grounded series of narratives that recognizes the complex relations of a globalized world. Essays in Reframing 9/11 share a collective drive to encourage new and original approaches for understanding the issues both within and beyond the official political rhetoric of the events of the "The Global War on Terror" and issues of national security.

Reframing the Black Atlantic

Download Reframing the Black Atlantic PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 104010424X
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Reframing the Black Atlantic by : Aretha Phiri

Download or read book Reframing the Black Atlantic written by Aretha Phiri and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-08-09 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commemorating the thirtieth anniversary of Paul Gilroy’s seminal text, The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness, this book offers fresh interpretations of established black Atlantic scholarship from the perspective of those typically elided from its ideological purview and existential narrative. The application of queer and/or feminist lenses in each essay attempts to mediate these elisions and to advance potentially transformative, democratising readings of the black Atlantic from both complex and complicating African and diasporic viewpoints. With the aim of realigning black Atlantic scholarship in this way, the edited volume proposes an interventionist approach that is concerned with problematizing ethnic/ cultural universalisms and challenging geographic and gendered hierarchizations. Underlining the importance of aesthetic and creative cultural archives, Reframing the Black Atlantic’s focus on transnational African diasporic literature and other intersecting popular cultural forms probes the (imaginative) limits and possibilities of the black Atlantic, conventionally conceived. To this end, this book intends not just to complicate and enhance established views of black Africa; inviting the reader to locate and perceive black life lived otherwise, it points towards more inclusive and expansive global understandings and visions of blackness. This volume will be of particular use to researchers and students in the fields of race/gender, diaspora/transnational, literary and cultural studies. The chapters of this book were originally published in Cultural Studies.

Memory and the Wars on Terror

Download Memory and the Wars on Terror PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319569767
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Memory and the Wars on Terror by : Jessica Gildersleeve

Download or read book Memory and the Wars on Terror written by Jessica Gildersleeve and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-24 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection aims to respond to dominant perspectives on twenty-first-century war by exploring how the events of 9/11 and the subsequent Wars on Terror are represented and remembered outside of the US framework. Existing critical coverage ignores the meaning of these events for people, nations and cultures apparently peripheral to them but which have - as shown in this collection - been extraordinarily affected by the social, political and cultural changes these wars have wrought. Adopting a literary and cultural history approach, the book asks how these events resonate and continue to show effects in the rest of the world, with a particular focus on Australia and Britain. It argues that such reflections on the impact of the Wars on Terror help us to understand what global conflict means in a contemporary context, as well as what its representative motifs might tell us about how nations like Australia and Britain perceive and construct their remembered identities on the world stage in the twenty-first century. In its close examination of films, novels, memoir, visual artworks, media, and minority communities in the years since 2001, this collection looks at the global impacts of these events, and the ways they have shaped, and continue to shape, Britain and Australia’s relation to the rest of the world.

A Companion to Contemporary French Cinema

Download A Companion to Contemporary French Cinema PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118585364
Total Pages : 712 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Companion to Contemporary French Cinema by : Alistair Fox

Download or read book A Companion to Contemporary French Cinema written by Alistair Fox and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-12 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Companion to Contemporary French Cinema presents a comprehensive collection of original essays addressing all aspects of French cinema from 1990 to the present day. Features original contributions from top film scholars relating to all aspects of contemporary French cinema Includes new research on matters relating to the political economy of contemporary French cinema, developments in cinema policy, audience attendance, and the types, building, and renovation of theaters Utilizes groundbreaking research on cinema beyond the fiction film and the cinema-theater such as documentary, amateur, and digital filmmaking Contains an unusually large range of methodological approaches and perspectives, including those of genre, gender, auteur, industry, economic, star, postcolonial and psychoanalytic studies Includes essays by important French cinema scholars from France, the U.S., and New Zealand, many of whose work is here presented in English for the first time

Class Representation in Modern Fiction and Film

Download Class Representation in Modern Fiction and Film PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230604196
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (36 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Class Representation in Modern Fiction and Film by : K. Gandal

Download or read book Class Representation in Modern Fiction and Film written by K. Gandal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-04-16 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fresh exploration of the representation of poverty and class in American literature and film, through the juxtaposition of films, writings and the unusual lives of Zora Neale Hurston, Stephen Crane, Henry Miller and Michel Foucault. The book argues for Hurston's centrality, not merely to the African-American canon, but to the American tradition.

Reframing 9/11

Download Reframing 9/11 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1441119051
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (411 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Reframing 9/11 by : Jeff Birkenstein

Download or read book Reframing 9/11 written by Jeff Birkenstein and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2010-05-13 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of analyses focusing on popular culture as a profound discursive site of anxiety and discussion about 9/11 and demystifies the day's events.

Emotional Ethics of The Hunger Games

Download Emotional Ethics of The Hunger Games PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030673340
Total Pages : 203 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Emotional Ethics of The Hunger Games by : Tarja Laine

Download or read book Emotional Ethics of The Hunger Games written by Tarja Laine and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-17 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emotional Ethics of The Hunger Games expands the ‘ethical turn’ in Film Studies by analysing emotions as a source of ethical knowledge in The Hunger Games films. It argues that emotions, incorporated in the thematic and aesthetic organization of these films, reflect a crisis in moral standards. As such they cultivate ethical attitudes towards such phenomena as totalitarianism, the culture of reality television, and the society of spectacle. The focus of the argument is on cinematic aesthetics, which expresses emotions in a way that highlights their ethical significance, running the gamut from fear through guilt and shame, to love, anger and contempt. The central claim of the book is that these emotions are symptomatic of some moral conflict, which renders The Hunger Games franchise a meaningful commentary on the affective practice of cinematic ethics. ‘’The Hunger Games movies have become iconic symbols for resistance across the globe. Tarja Laine proposes that this is not caused by their status as exciting cinematic spectacles, but by their engaging our emotions. Laine uses The Hunger Games as key texts for understanding our world, demonstrating that ethics do not originate from rational considerations, far removed from those mucky things called emotions. But rather that emotions are at the core of cinematic ethics.” —William Brown, Author of Supercinema: Film-Philosophy for the Digital Age ‘’In this elegantly written exploration of the relationship between aesthetics and emotion in The Hunger Gamestrilogy, Tarja Laine illuminates the power of film to embody ethical conflict. Deftly interweaving film-philosophy and close analysis, Laine traces how these films mobilise complex emotions, nuancing our thinking about cinema and the spectator. Laine’s book takes The Hunger Games films seriously, demonstrating with verve why they matter.” —Catherine Wheatley, Senior Lecturer in Film Studies, King’s College London, UK ''In this fresh, engaging, and insightful study of The Hunger Games film trilogy, Tarja Laine explores the crucial role that emotions play in appreciation of the ethical qualities of the movies. She forges productive dialogues between a range of film theory, scholarship on moral philosophy, and debates on ethics, as she performs a multi-layered investigation of the aesthetic qualities of the trilogy, the multiple emotions embodied in these qualities, and the philosophical-ethical insights that are in turn embedded in these emotions. The cinematic connection between emotions and ethics that emerges through Laine’s detailed textual analyses confronts us with complex moral dilemmas while enriching our aesthetic experience.'' —Sarah Cooper, Professor, Film Studies Department, King's College London, UK

Rewatching on the Point of the Cinematic Index

Download Rewatching on the Point of the Cinematic Index PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Univ. Press of Mississippi
ISBN 13 : 1496841859
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (968 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Rewatching on the Point of the Cinematic Index by : Allen H. Redmon

Download or read book Rewatching on the Point of the Cinematic Index written by Allen H. Redmon and published by Univ. Press of Mississippi. This book was released on 2022-09-15 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rewatching on the Point of the Cinematic Index offers a reassessment of the cinematic index as it sits at the intersection of film studies, trauma studies, and adaptation studies. Author Allen H. Redmon argues that far too often scholars imagine the cinematic index to be nothing more than an acknowledgment that the lens-based camera captures and brings to the screen a reality that existed before the camera. When cinema’s indexicality is so narrowly defined, the entire nature of film is called into question the moment film no longer relies on a lens-based camera. The presence of digital technologies seemingly strips cinema of its indexical standing. This volume pushes for a broader understanding of the cinematic index by returning to the early discussions of the index in film studies and the more recent discussions of the index in other digital arts. Bolstered by the insights these discussions can offer, the volume looks to replace what might be best deemed a diminished concept of the cinematic index with a series of more complex cinematic indices, the impoverished index, the indefinite index, the intertextual index, and the imaginative index. The central argument of this book is that these more complex indices encourage spectators to enter a process of ongoing adaptation of the reality they see on the screen, and that it is on the point of these indices that the most significant instances of rewatching movies occur. Examining such films as John Lee Hancock’s Saving Mr. Banks (2013); Richard Linklater’s oeuvre; Paul Greengrass’s United 93 (2006); Oliver Stone’s World Trade Center (2006); Stephen Daldry’s Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close (2011); and Christopher Nolan’s Dunkirk (2017), Inception (2010), and Memento (2000), Redmon demonstrates that the cinematic index invites spectators to enter a process of ongoing adaptation.

Reframing Holocaust Testimony

Download Reframing Holocaust Testimony PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253017173
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Reframing Holocaust Testimony by : Noah Shenker

Download or read book Reframing Holocaust Testimony written by Noah Shenker and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-03 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “An invaluable resource” for individuals and institutions documenting the experiences of Holocaust survivors—or other historical testimony—on video (Journal of Jewish Identities). Institutions that have collected video testimonies from the few remaining Holocaust survivors are grappling with how to continue their mission to educate and commemorate. Noah Shenker calls attention to the ways that audiovisual testimonies of the Holocaust have been mediated by the institutional histories and practices of their respective archives. Shenker argues that testimonies are shaped not only by the encounter between interviewer and interviewee, but also by technical practices and the testimony process—and analyzes the ways in which interview questions, the framing of the camera, and curatorial and programming preferences impact how Holocaust testimony is molded, distributed, and received.

Trauma and Recovery in the Twenty-First-Century Irish Novel

Download Trauma and Recovery in the Twenty-First-Century Irish Novel PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
ISBN 13 : 0815654332
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (156 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Trauma and Recovery in the Twenty-First-Century Irish Novel by : Kathleen Costello-Sullivan

Download or read book Trauma and Recovery in the Twenty-First-Century Irish Novel written by Kathleen Costello-Sullivan and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-07 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The desire to engage and confront traumatic subjects was a facet of Irish literature for much of the twentieth century. Yet, just as Irish society has adopted a more direct and open approach to the past, so too have Irish authors evolved in their response to, and literary uses of, trauma. In Trauma and Recovery in the Twenty-First-Century Irish Novel, Costello-Sullivan considers the ways in which the Irish canon not only represents an ongoing awareness of trauma as a literary and cultural force, but also how this representation has shifted since the end of the twentieth and beginning of the twenty-first century. While earlier trauma narratives center predominantly on the role of silence and the individual and/or societal suffering that traumas induce, twenty-first-century Irish narratives increasingly turn from just the recognition of traumatic experiences toward exploring and representing the process of healing and recovery both structurally and narratively. Through a series of keenly observed close readings, Costello-Sullivan explores the work of Colm Tóibín, John Banville, Anne Enright, Emma Donohue, Colum McCann, and Sebastian Barry. In highlighting the power of narrative to amend and address memory and trauma, Costello-Sullivan argues that these works reflect a movement beyond merely representing trauma toward also representing the possibility of recovery from it.

Formulaicity and Creativity in Language and Literature

Download Formulaicity and Creativity in Language and Literature PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351760610
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Formulaicity and Creativity in Language and Literature by : Ian MacKenzie

Download or read book Formulaicity and Creativity in Language and Literature written by Ian MacKenzie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters in this book elucidate the nature of semi-fixed formulaic sequences; how the meaning of formulaic expressions can change over time; how readers interpret formulaic expressions in first and second languages; how modern and postmodern authors use traditional genres and tales to challenging effect; and how formulaic patterns involving particular words can underlie the texture and meanings of entire novels. Together, the contributions to this collection provide a convincing reassessment of the potential creativity of the formulaic in a variety of linguistic and literary contexts. This book was originally published as a special issue of the European Journal of English Studies. Chapter 1 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Post-1990 Documentary: Reconfiguring Independence

Download Post-1990 Documentary: Reconfiguring Independence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 0748694145
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (486 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Post-1990 Documentary: Reconfiguring Independence by : Camille Deprez

Download or read book Post-1990 Documentary: Reconfiguring Independence written by Camille Deprez and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-24 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new book provides graduate students, scholars and professionals with critical and detailed insights into recent, yet significant, independent documentary makers and their varied works, practices and uses.

Contemporary Gothic and Horror Film

Download Contemporary Gothic and Horror Film PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Anthem Press
ISBN 13 : 1785277758
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (852 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Contemporary Gothic and Horror Film by : Keith McDonald

Download or read book Contemporary Gothic and Horror Film written by Keith McDonald and published by Anthem Press. This book was released on 2021-06-15 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at contemporary Gothic cinema within a transnational approach. With a focus on the aesthetic and philosophical roots which lie at the heart of the Gothic, the study invokes its literary as well as filmic forebears by exploring how these styles informed strands of the modern filmic Gothic: the ghost narrative, folk horror, the vampire movie, cosmic horror and, finally, the zombie film. In recent years, the concept of transnationalism has ‘trans’-cended its original boundaries, perhaps excessively in the minds of some. Originally defined in the wake of the rise of globalisation in the 1990s, as a way to study cinema beyond national boundaries, where the look and the story of a film reflected the input of more than one nation, or region, or culture. It was considered too confining to study national cinemas in an age of internationalization, witnessing the fusions of cultures, and post-colonialism, exile and diasporas. The concept allows us to appreciate the broader range of forces from a wider international perspective while at the same time also engaging with concepts of nationalism, identity and an acknowledgement of cinema itself.