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Reforming Universal Service
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Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Communications, Technology, and the Internet Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :268 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Universal Service by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Communications, Technology, and the Internet
Download or read book Universal Service written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Communications, Technology, and the Internet and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reforming the Universal Service Fund for the Digital Age by : Daniel Lyons
Download or read book Reforming the Universal Service Fund for the Digital Age written by Daniel Lyons and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The federal Universal Service Fund program is in crisis. This observation is neither exaggerated nor controversial. Congress overhauled the program in 1996, ostensibly to assure that as the telecommunications industry transitioned from monopoly to competition, providers would continue to assist those who could not afford basic service. But in the fifteen years since, the fund has doubled in size to $8 billion annually, much of which is spent on projects having little to do with the traditional goals of universal service. The Federal Communications Commission has admitted that the system distorts investment in myriad ways, while the Government Accountability Office has criticized the program for an appalling lack of oversight. At the same time, advances in technology mean that the fund's cost is drawn from a shrinking base of interstate and international telecommunications revenue, which has caused the USF surcharge paid by consumers on all interstate calls to skyrocket from 3% in 1998 to 17.9% at the beginning of 2012. To the Commission's credit, it adopted a sweeping 750-page order in late 2011 that brought much-needed reforms to the High-Cost Fund, the biggest and most problematic portion of the Universal Service program. The Commission also began shifting the program's focus from ordinary telephone to broadband service, recognizing the importance of high-speed Internet access to modern society. But as significant as those reforms are, and as difficult as they will be to achieve, they represent only the first step toward the transformation needed. Over the next five years, the Commission should refocus the Universal Service program on what ought to be its renewed core mission: assisting consumers who cannot afford broadband access, through market-based, consumer-empowering initiatives that befit an increasingly competitive broadband marketplace. And it should abandon the antiquated and rickety contribution mechanism currently in place, by funding these initiatives instead from the general treasury.
Book Synopsis Universal Service Reform & Convergence USF Policy for the 21st Century by : Derek Turner
Download or read book Universal Service Reform & Convergence USF Policy for the 21st Century written by Derek Turner and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congress is currently considering overhauling several key components of the 1996 Telecommunications Act, in the attempt to bring the law in line with recent advances in market competition and technology. One major area under consideration for reform is the Universal Service Fund. Many observers believe that the current universal service funding mechanism is both inefficient and unsustainable. Furthermore, the access charge regime -- an implicit universal service subsidy mechanism -- may also be in need of reform in order to face the realities of a converged marketplace. Despite the fact that broadband is viewed by many as the communications technology of the 21st century, under current regulations, only schools, libraries, and rural health care facilities are eligible to receive universal service support explicitly for broadband services. However, several legislative proposals currently under consideration in Congress would extend universal service to broadband. The impetus to expand USF to broadband is driven in part by recent data that show the U.S. falling behind other developed nations in measures of broadband penetration, speed, and price. However, a satisfactory explanation of this “broadband lag” is needed in order for members of Congress and the FCC to craft policies that adequately move the U.S. towards the goal of universal, affordable broadband access. This report employs comparative statistical methods to characterize and understand the differences in broadband performance between the U.S. and other Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) nations. A key finding is that the U.S.'s unusually high poverty rate may be a major factor contributing to this country's increasingly poor international broadband performance. This finding suggests that extending USF to broadband may help ameliorate this disturbing trend. However, any proposal to reform USF must ensure that contributions are collected and distributed in a more efficient and equitable manner (compared to the current system), while at the same time adhering to the statutory goals of the program. This report examines the costs and benefits of several contribution reform proposals, and concludes that a numbers-connectivity contribution system would be far more efficient than the current revenue-based approach, and that most consumers would benefit under a properly designed numbers-connectivity system. The report also finds that one of the major economic justifications for universal service -- network externalities -- is most relevant when applying universal service to broadband. The report recommends gradually transitioning the universal service system away from the archaic voice standard, and towards a “bits” metric, where in the future all recipients of universal service support will be required to offer a broadband capable connection.
Author :United States Congress Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781977933027 Total Pages :256 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (33 download)
Book Synopsis Universal Service by : United States Congress
Download or read book Universal Service written by United States Congress and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Universal service : reforming the high-cost fund : hearing before the Subcommittee on Communications, Technology, and the Internet of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, March 12, 2009.
Book Synopsis Universal Service Fund by : Angele A. Gilroy
Download or read book Universal Service Fund written by Angele A. Gilroy and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses the idea that all Americans should be able to afford access to the telecommunications network; this is commonly called the "universal service concept" and can trace its origins back to the 1934 Communications Act.
Download or read book Universal Service Fund written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :The Law The Law Library Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781727795042 Total Pages :30 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis Lifeline and Link Up Reform and Modernization, Telecommunications Carriers Eligible for Universal Service Support, Connect America Fund (Us Federal Communications Commission Regulation) (Fcc) (2018 Edition) by : The Law The Law Library
Download or read book Lifeline and Link Up Reform and Modernization, Telecommunications Carriers Eligible for Universal Service Support, Connect America Fund (Us Federal Communications Commission Regulation) (Fcc) (2018 Edition) written by The Law The Law Library and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lifeline and Link Up Reform and Modernization, Telecommunications Carriers Eligible for Universal Service Support, Connect America Fund (US Federal Communications Commission Regulation) (FCC) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Lifeline and Link Up Reform and Modernization, Telecommunications Carriers Eligible for Universal Service Support, Connect America Fund (US Federal Communications Commission Regulation) (FCC) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 In this document, the Federal Communications Commission (the Commission) seeks to rebuild the current framework of the Lifeline program and continue its efforts to modernize the Lifeline program so that all consumers can utilize advanced networks. This book contains: - The complete text of the Lifeline and Link Up Reform and Modernization, Telecommunications Carriers Eligible for Universal Service Support, Connect America Fund (US Federal Communications Commission Regulation) (FCC) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :124 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis The Universal Service Fund by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
Download or read book The Universal Service Fund written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Case for Universal Basic Services by : Anna Coote
Download or read book The Case for Universal Basic Services written by Anna Coote and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-13 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea that healthcare and education should be provided as universal public services to all who need them is widely accepted. But why leave it there? Why not expand it to more of life’s essentials? In their bold new book, Anna Coote and Andrew Percy argue that this transformational new policy – Universal Basic Services – is exactly what we need to save our societies and our planet. The old argument that free markets and individual choice are the best way to solve pressing problems of poverty, inequality and environmental degradation has led us to catastrophe, and must be abandoned. The authors show that expanding the principle of collective universal service provision to everyday essentials like transport, childcare and housing is not only the best way of tackling many of the biggest problems facing the contemporary world: it’s also efficient, practical and affordable. Anyone who cares about fighting for a fairer, greener and more democratic world should read this book.
Book Synopsis Reforming Infrastructure by : Ioannis Nicolaos Kessides
Download or read book Reforming Infrastructure written by Ioannis Nicolaos Kessides and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electricity, natural gas, telecommunications, railways, and water supply, are often vertically and horizontally integrated state monopolies. This results in weak services, especially in developing and transition economies, and for poor people. Common problems include low productivity, high costs, bad quality, insufficient revenue, and investment shortfalls. Many countries over the past two decades have restructured, privatized and regulated their infrastructure. This report identifies the challenges involved in this massive policy redirection. It also assesses the outcomes of these changes, as well as their distributional consequences for poor households and other disadvantaged groups. It recommends directions for future reforms and research to improve infrastructure performance, identifying pricing policies that strike a balance between economic efficiency and social equity, suggesting rules governing access to bottleneck infrastructure facilities, and proposing ways to increase poor people's access to these crucial services.
Book Synopsis Telecommunications Regulation Handbook by : Hank Intven
Download or read book Telecommunications Regulation Handbook written by Hank Intven and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reforming the Public Sector by : Giovanni Tria
Download or read book Reforming the Public Sector written by Giovanni Tria and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many countries are still struggling to adapt to the broad and unexpected effects of modernization initiatives. As changes take shape, governments are challenged to explore new reforms. The public sector is now characterized by profound transformation across the globe, with ramifications that are yet to be interpreted. To convert this transformation into an ongoing state of improvement, policymakers and civil service leaders must learn to implement and evaluate change. This book is an important contribution to that end. Reforming the Public Sector presents comparative perspectives of government reform and innovation, discussing three decades of reform in public sector strategic management across nations. The contributors examine specific reform-related issues including the uses and abuses of public sector transparency, the "Audit Explosion," and the relationship between public service motivation and job satisfaction in Europe. This volume will greatly aid practitioners and policymakers to better understand the principles underpinning ongoing reforms in the public sector. Giovanni Tria, Giovanni Valotti, and their cohorts offer a scientific understanding of the main issues at stake in this arduous process. They place the approach to public administration reform in a broad international context and identify a road map for public management. Contributors include: Michael Barzelay, Nicola Bellé, Andrea Bonomi Savignon, Geert Bouckaert, Luca Brusati, Paola Cantarelli, Denita Cepiku, Francesco Cerase, Luigi Corvo, Maria Cucciniello, Isabell Egger-Peitler, Paolo Fedele, Gerhard Hammerschmid, Mario Ianniello, Elaine Ciulla Kamarck, Irvine Lapsley, Peter Leisink, Mariannunziata Liguori, Renate Meyer, Greta Nasi, James L. Perry, Christopher Pollitt, Adrian Ritz, Raffaella Saporito, MariaFrancesca Sicilia, Ileana Steccolini, Bram Steijn, Wouter Vandenabeele, and Montgomery Van Wart.
Book Synopsis Communications Deregulation and FCC Reform: Finishing the Job by : Jeffrey A. Eisenach
Download or read book Communications Deregulation and FCC Reform: Finishing the Job written by Jeffrey A. Eisenach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Communications markets have made much progress towards competition and deregulation in recent years. However, it is increasingly clear, in the age of the Internet and the digital revolution, that much more needs to be done, and that new approaches, both at the Federal Communications Commission and in Congress, will be required to complete the task. In this volume, the Progress and Freedom Foundation presents nine papers by communications policy experts and government policymakers that show how to finish the job of deregulating communications markets and reforming the FCC. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 was a landmark piece of legislation for an industry moving from a monopoly orientation towards competition, but additional steps are needed to complete the process of implementing the pro-competitive, deregulatory vision of the act. Bringing together a group of the caliber represented in this book makes possible the best recommendations about the exact nature of those necessary changes. In this volume, the most difficult and politically-charged hot-button issues involving local and long distance competition, universal service, spectrum allocation, program content regulation, and the public interest doctrine are confronted head-on. As importantly, the authors recommend specific reform proposals to be considered by the Federal Communications Commission and Congress. The ideas contained in the experts' essays were presented and debated at a conference hosted by The Progress & Freedom Foundation, which was held in Washington, DC, on December 8, 2000. The Progress & Freedom Foundation studies the impact of the digital revolution and its implications for public policy. It conducts research in fields such as electronic commerce, telecommunications and the impact of the Internet on government, society and economic growth. It also studies issues such as the need to reform government regulation, especially in technology-intensive fields such as medical innovation, energy and environmental regulation.
Book Synopsis How Reform Worked in China by : Yingyi Qian
Download or read book How Reform Worked in China written by Yingyi Qian and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-11-24 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A noted Chinese economist examines the mechanisms behind China's economic reforms, arguing that universal principles and specific implementations are equally important. As China has transformed itself from a centrally planned economy to a market economy, economists have tried to understand and interpret the success of Chinese reform. As the Chinese economist Yingyi Qian explains, there are two schools of thought on Chinese reform: the “School of Universal Principles,” which ascribes China's successful reform to the workings of the free market, and the “School of Chinese Characteristics,” which holds that China's reform is successful precisely because it did not follow the economics of the market but instead relied on the government. In this book, Qian offers a third perspective, taking certain elements from each school of thought but emphasizing not why reform worked but how it did. Economics is a science, but economic reform is applied science and engineering. To a practitioner, it is more useful to find a feasible reform path than the theoretically best way. The key to understanding how reform has worked in China, Qian argues, is to consider the way reform designs respond to initial historical conditions and contemporary constraints. Qian examines the role of “transitional institutions”—not “best practice institutions” but “incentive-compatible institutions”—in Chinese reform; the dual-track approach to market liberalization; the ownership of firms, viewed both theoretically and empirically; government decentralization, offering and testing hypotheses about its link to local economic development; and the specific historical conditions of China's regional-based central planning.
Book Synopsis A Reforming People by : David D. Hall
Download or read book A Reforming People written by David D. Hall and published by Knopf. This book was released on 2011 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distinguished historian Hall presents a revelatory account of New England's Puritans that shows them to have been the most daring and successful reformers of the Anglo-colonial world.
Book Synopsis Telecommunications by : U.s. Government Accountability Office
Download or read book Telecommunications written by U.s. Government Accountability Office and published by . This book was released on 2017-08-04 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The high-cost program within the Universal Service Fund (USF) provides subsidies to telecommunications carriers that serve rural and other remote areas with high costs of providing telephone service. The annual program cost has grown from $2.6 billion in 2001 to over $4 billion in 2011, primarily funded through fees added to consumers' phone bills. The program is managed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), which noted that providing universal access to broadband is "the universal service challenge of our time." Accordingly, FCC made changes to the program to make funds available to support both telephone and broadband. GAO previously reported that using USF monies for broadband could cause the size of the fund to greatly expand unless FCC improved its management and oversight to ensure the program's cost-effectiveness. This requested report examines FCC's (1) plans for repurposing the high-cost program for broadband, and (2) plans to address previously identified management challenges as it broadens the program's scope. GAO reviewed and analyzed pertinent FCC orders, associated stakeholder comments, and reports related to USF and interviewed federal and industry stakeholders, as well as economists and experts."
Book Synopsis Always Reforming by : A. T. B. McGowan
Download or read book Always Reforming written by A. T. B. McGowan and published by InterVarsity Press. This book was released on 2007-03-02 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of essays mines the whole terrain of systematic theology to refresh, renew, and reform the church for its next season, featuring contributions from senior theologians like Gerald Bray, Henri Blocher, Kevin J. Vanhoozer, and Stephen Williams among others. Original.
