Red Army Faction, A Documentary History

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Author :
Publisher : PM Press
ISBN 13 : 1604868937
Total Pages : 789 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Red Army Faction, A Documentary History by : J. Smith

Download or read book Red Army Faction, A Documentary History written by J. Smith and published by PM Press. This book was released on 2013-07-01 with total page 789 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-awaited Volume 2 of the first-ever English-language study of the Red Army Faction—West Germany’s most notorious urban guerillas—covers the period immediately following the organization’s near-total decimation in 1977. This work includes the details of the guerilla’s operations, and its communiqués and texts, from 1978 up until the 1984 offensive. This was a period of regrouping and reorientation for the RAF, with its previous focus on freeing its prisoners replaced by an anti-NATO orientation. This was in response to the emergence of a new radical youth movement in the Federal Republic, the Autonomen, and an attempt to renew its ties to the radical left. The possibilities and perils of an armed underground organization relating to the broader movement are examined, and the RAF’s approach is contrasted to the more fluid and flexible practice of the Revolutionary Cells. At the same time, the history of the 2nd of June Movement (2JM), an eclectic guerilla group with its roots in West Berlin, is also evaluated, especially in light of the split that led to some 2JM members officially disbanding the organization and rallying to the RAF. Finally, the RAF’s relationship to the East German Stasi is examined, as is the abortive attempt by West Germany’s liberal intelligentsia to defuse the armed struggle during Gerhard Baum’s tenure as Minister of the Interior. Dancing with Imperialism will be required reading for students of the First World guerilla, those with interest in the history of European protest movements, and all who wish to understand the challenges of revolutionary struggle.

Red Army Faction, A Documentary History

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Author :
Publisher : PM Press
ISBN 13 : 1604861797
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Red Army Faction, A Documentary History by : J. Smith

Download or read book Red Army Faction, A Documentary History written by J. Smith and published by PM Press. This book was released on 2009-02-01 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first in a two-volume series, this is by far the most in-depth political history of the Red Army Faction ever made available in English. Projectiles for the People starts its story in the days following World War II, showing how American imperialism worked hand in glove with the old pro-Nazi ruling class, shaping West Germany into an authoritarian anti-communist bulwark and launching pad for its aggression against Third World nations. The volume also recounts the opposition that emerged from intellectuals, communists, independent leftists, and then—explosively—the radical student movement and countercultural revolt of the 1960s. It was from this revolt that the Red Army Faction emerged, an underground organization devoted to carrying out armed attacks within the Federal Republic of Germany, in the view of establishing a tradition of illegal, guerilla resistance to imperialism and state repression. Through its bombs and manifestos the RAF confronted the state with opposition at a level many activists today might find difficult to imagine. For the first time ever in English, this volume presents all of the manifestos and communiqués issued by the RAF between 1970 and 1977, from Andreas Baader’s prison break, through the 1972 May Offensive and the 1975 hostage-taking in Stockholm, to the desperate, and tragic, events of the “German Autumn” of 1977. The RAF’s three main manifestos—The Urban Guerilla Concept, Serve the People, and Black September—are included, as are important interviews with Spiegel and le Monde Diplomatique, and a number of communiqués and court statements explaining their actions. Providing the background information that readers will require to understand the context in which these events occurred, separate thematic sections deal with the 1976 murder of Ulrike Meinhof in prison, the 1977 Stammheim murders, the extensive use of psychological operations and false-flag attacks to discredit the guerilla, the state’s use of sensory deprivation torture and isolation wings, and the prisoners’ resistance to this, through which they inspired their own supporters and others on the left to take the plunge into revolutionary action. Drawing on both mainstream and movement sources, this book is intended as a contribution to the comrades of today—and to the comrades of tomorrow—both as testimony to those who struggled before and as an explanation as to how they saw the world, why they made the choices they made, and the price they were made to pay for having done so.

The Red Army Faction

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781604860306
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis The Red Army Faction by :

Download or read book The Red Army Faction written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Red Army Faction

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Red Army Faction by :

Download or read book The Red Army Faction written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Red Army Faction

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Author :
Publisher : PM Press
ISBN 13 : 9781604860290
Total Pages : 693 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Red Army Faction by : J. Smith

Download or read book The Red Army Faction written by J. Smith and published by PM Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first in a two-volume series, as part of a co-publishing project between PM Press and Kersplebedeb, is by far the most in-depth political history of the Red Army Faction ever made available in English. Projectiles for the People starts its story in the days following World War II, showing how American imperialism worked hand in glove with the old pro-Nazi ruling class, shaping West Germany into an authoritarian anti-communist bulwark and launching pad for its aggression against Third World nations. The volume also recounts the opposition that emerged from intellectuals, communists, independent leftists, and then ? explosively ? the radical student movement and countercultural revolt of the 1960s. It was from this revolt that the Red Army Faction emerged, an underground organization devoted to carrying out armed attacks within the Federal Republic of Germany, in the view of establishing a tradition of illegal, guerilla resistance to imperialism and state repression. Through its bombs and manifestos the RAF confronted the state with opposition at a level many activists today might find difficult to imagine. For the first time ever in English, this volume presents all of the manifestos and communiqués issued by the RAF between 1970 and 1977, from Andreas Baader's prison break, through the 1972 May Offensive and the 1974 hostage-taking in Stockholm, to the desperate, and tragic, events of the ?German Autumn” of 1977. The RAF's three main manifestos ? The Urban Guerilla Concept, Serve the People, and Black September ? are included, as are important interviews with Spiegel and le Monde Diplomatique, and a number of communiqués and court statements explaining their actions. Providing the background information that readers will require to understand the context in which these events occurred, separate thematic sections deal with the 1976 murder of Ulrike Meinhof in prison, the 1977 Stammheim murders, the extensive use of psychological operations and false-flag attacks to discredit the guerilla, the state's use of sensory deprivation torture and isolation wings, and the prisoners' resistance to this, through which they inspired their own supporters and others on the left to take the plunge into revolutionary action. Drawing on both mainstream and movement sources, this book is intended as a contribution to the comrades of today ? and to the comrades of tomorrow ? both as testimony to those who struggled before and as an explanation as to how they saw the world, why they made the choices they made, and the price they were made to pay for having done so. With a preface by North American class war prisoner Bill Dunne, a revolutionary captured in 1979 following a shoot out with police in Seattle, Washington.

Ulrike Meinhof and the Red Army Faction

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230370772
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Ulrike Meinhof and the Red Army Faction by : L. Passmore

Download or read book Ulrike Meinhof and the Red Army Faction written by L. Passmore and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-11-03 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a communicative approach to the phenomenon of terrorism and new archival sources, the book documents Meinhof's journalism and terrorism (1959-1976) and challenges many of the established narratives that have calcified around the story of Meinhof and the history of Germany's most infamous terrorist group.

Screening the Red Army Faction

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Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1501336681
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Screening the Red Army Faction by : Christina Gerhardt

Download or read book Screening the Red Army Faction written by Christina Gerhardt and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2018-07-12 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Screening the Red Army Faction: Historical and Cultural Memory explores representations of the Red Army Faction (RAF) in print media, film and art, locating an analysis of these texts in the historical and political context of unfolding events. In this way, the book contributes both a new history and a new cultural history of post-fascist era West Germany that grapples with the fledgling republic's most pivotal debates about the nature of democracy and authority; about violence, its motivations and regulation; and about its cultural afterlife. Looking back at the history of representations of the RAF in various media, this book considers how our understanding of the Cold War era, of the long sixties and of the RAF is created and re-created through cultural texts.

Daring to Struggle, Failing to Win

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Author :
Publisher : PM Press
ISBN 13 : 1604861258
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Daring to Struggle, Failing to Win by : J. Smith

Download or read book Daring to Struggle, Failing to Win written by J. Smith and published by PM Press. This book was released on 2008-08-01 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1970 a small group of West German revolutionaries decided to go underground, set up safe houses, and learn the skills of the urban guerilla. They were the Red Army Faction. Seven years later, almost all of the original combatants were in prison or dead, yet, through their example, they had inspired a militant and illegal support movement, comrades willing to take up arms in defense of the prisoners. 1977 was to be a year of reckoning. Through daring attacks and devastating errors, the West German guerilla brought their society to the brink, mounting one of the most desperate and incredible campaigns of asymmetrical warfare ever waged in postwar Europe. That they failed is no excuse to not learn their story, to see who they were and what they fought for—and, most tragically, to bear witness to the lengths the state would go to silence them. This pamphlet is our very modest introduction to this story.

The Red Army Faction, A Documentary

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781458784940
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (849 download)

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Book Synopsis The Red Army Faction, A Documentary by : J. Smith

Download or read book The Red Army Faction, A Documentary written by J. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2011-06-10 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first in a two-volume series, this is by far the most in-depth political history of the Red Army Faction ever made available in English. Projectiles for the People starts its story in the days following World War II, showing how American imperialism worked hand in glove with the old pro-Nazi ruling class, shaping West Germany into an authoritarian anti-communist bulwark and launching pad for its aggression against Third World nations. The volume also recounts the opposition that emerged from intellectuals, communists, independent leftists, and then explosively the radical student movement and countercultural revolt of the 1960s. It was from this revolt that the Red Army Faction emerged, an underground organization devoted to carrying out armed attacks within the Federal Republic of Germany, in the view of establishing a tradition of illegal, guerilla resistance to imperialism and state repression. Through its bombs and manifestos the RAF confronted the state with opposition at a level many activists today might find difficult to imagine. For the first time ever in English, this volume presents all of the manifestos and communiqus issued by the RAF between 1970 and 1977, from Andreas Baader's prison break, through the 1972 May Offensive and the 1975 hostage-taking in Stockholm, to the desperate, and tragic, events of the ''German Autumn'' of 1977. The RAF's three main manifestos The Urban Guerilla Concept, Serve the People, and Black September are included, as are important interviews with Spiegel and le Monde Diplomatique, and a number of communiqus and court statements explaining their actions. Providing the background information that readers will require to understand the context in which these events occurred, separate thematic sections deal with the 1976 murder of Ulrike Meinhof in prison, the 1977 Stammheim murders, the extensive use of psychological operations and false-flag attacks to discredit the guerilla, the state's use of sensory deprivation torture and isolation wings, and the prisoners' resistance to this, through which they inspired their own supporters and others on the left to take the plunge into revolutionary action. Drawing on both mainstream and movement sources, this book is intended as a contribution to the comrades of today and to the comrades of tomorrow both as testimony to those who struggled before and as an explanation as to how they saw the world, why they made the choices they made, and the price they were made to pay for having done so.

The Urban Guerilla Concept

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Author :
Publisher : Kersplebedeb Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1894946499
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (949 download)

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Book Synopsis The Urban Guerilla Concept by : Red Army Faction

Download or read book The Urban Guerilla Concept written by Red Army Faction and published by Kersplebedeb Publishing. This book was released on with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first major ideological text from West Germany's most famous urban guerillas. This document merits attention from anyone who wants to understand the motivation and ideology behind the beginning of a long and violent confrontation between the Red Army Faction and the German State. Apart from setting out the justification for armed struggle, this text touches on: the strength of the capitalist system in West Germany; the weaknesses of the revolutionary Left; the significance of the German student movement; the meaning and importance of internationalism; the necessity for taking a revolutionary initiative; the importance of class analysis and political praxis; the failure of parliamentary democracy and how this had the inevitable consequence of political violence; the factionalism of the German Left; and the organization and logistics of setting up an illegal armed struggle.

Everybody Talks About the Weather . . . We Don't

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Author :
Publisher : Seven Stories Press
ISBN 13 : 160980046X
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Everybody Talks About the Weather . . . We Don't by : Ulrike Meinhof

Download or read book Everybody Talks About the Weather . . . We Don't written by Ulrike Meinhof and published by Seven Stories Press. This book was released on 2011-01-04 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No other figure embodies revolutionary politics and radical chic quite like Ulrike Meinhof, who formed, with Andreas Baader and Gudrun Ensslin, the Red Army Faction (RAF), also known as the Baader–Meinhof Gang, notorious for its bombings and kidnappings of the wealthy in the 1970s. But in the years leading up to her leap into the fray, Meinhof was known throughout Europe as a respected journalist, who informed and entertained her loyal readers with monthly magazine columns. What impels someone to abandon middle-class privilege for the sake of revolution? In the 1960s, Meinhof began to see the world in increasingly stark terms: the United States was emerging as an unstoppable superpower, massacring a tiny country overseas despite increasingly popular dissent at home; and Germany appeared to be run by former Nazis. Never before translated into English, Meinhof's writings show a woman increasingly engaged in the major political events and social currents of her time. In her introduction, Karin Bauer tells Meinhof's mesmerizing life story and her political coming-of-age; Nobel Prize–winning author Elfriede Jelinek provides a thoughtful reflection on Meinhof's tragic failure to be heard; and Meinhof ’s daughter—a relentless critic of her mother and of the Left—contributes an afterword that shows how Meinhof's ghost still haunts us today.

Baader-Meinhof

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195372751
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Baader-Meinhof by : Stefan Aust

Download or read book Baader-Meinhof written by Stefan Aust and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2009 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aust presents the definitive account of the RAF, capturing a highly complex story both accurately and colorfully. Much new information has surfaced since the mass suicide of the Groups' leaders in the 1980s. Some RAF members have come forward to testify in new investigations and formerly classified Stasi documents have been made public since the fall of the Berlin Wall, all contributing to a fuller picture of the RAF and the events surrounding their demise. Aust ranges from the group's creation in 1970 to their breakup in 1998, incorporating all of the new information.

Remembering the Armed Struggle: My Time with the Red Army Faction

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Author :
Publisher : Kersplebedeb Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1989701116
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Remembering the Armed Struggle: My Time with the Red Army Faction by : Margrit Schiller

Download or read book Remembering the Armed Struggle: My Time with the Red Army Faction written by Margrit Schiller and published by Kersplebedeb Publishing. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Margrit Schiller was an early member of the Red Army Faction, the West German urban guerrilla group. In 1971 she was captured and charged with a murder she did not commit, and upon her release she returned to the underground, being captured again in early 1974. She would spend most of the 1970s in prison, enduring isolation conditions meant to break the human spirit, and participating hunger strikes and other acts of resistance along with other political prisoners from the RAF. In Remembering the Armed Struggle, Schiller recounts the process through which she joined her generation’s revolt in the 1960s, going from work with drug users to joining the antipsychiatry political organization the Socialist Patients’ Collective and then the RAF. She tells of how she met and worked alongside the group’s founding members, Ulrike Meinhof, Andreas Baader, Jan-Carl Raspe, Irmgard Möller, and Holger Meins; how she learned the details of the May Offensive and other actions while in her prison cell; about the struggles to defend human dignity in the most degraded of environments, and the relationships she forged with other women in prison. Also included are a foreword by Ann Hansen, who situates the draconian prison conditions inflicted on the RAF within the context of a global counterinsurgency program that would help spawn the plague of mass incarceration we still face today, an afterword by the late Osvaldo Bayer, and an appendix by J. Smith and André Moncourt summarizing the politics and history of the RAF in the 1970s. What People Are Saying “Margrit Schiller’s life story Remembering the Armed Struggle, is not meant to mark a hard break with the Red Army Faction, but is more of a critical reflection in the spirit of solidarity. Even those who do not share Schiller’s perspective well find it interesting to join her as she looks back on her years underground and in prison.” diesseits “Schiller’s recollections are profoundly honest and to the point. She neither glorifies the Red Army Faction nor does she repent or distance herself from her past.” taz “I am moved by the honesty of this story, showing the limits, doubts, and uncertainties. Margrit is far from pretending to be a hero or providing a heroic tale. May Margrit’s experiences and those of her comrades help us to continue the battle for the freedom of political prisoners in any corner of the world. May they also allow us to radically question the prison system, which is used as a space to discard the excluded and to criminalize poverty. . . . Memory, freedom, and desire are part of the experience of resistance of our bodies, of our lives. And Margrit, stripping away her own history in this book, with pain but with courage, helps us to continue spinning colors, flavors, sounds and aromas in this mild time of attempts.” Claudia Korol, author of Las Revoluciones de Berta (2019) from the Prologue to the Spanish edition “The book challenges prejudices and dares to address subjects that are taboo, especially in these latitudes so plagued by silences about the human aspects that mark the reality of the struggle to free ourselves. This story is the story of hundreds of antisystem militants . . . [It] contains that old but not perished left-wing argument from the 1960s about how words should have some connection to actions . . .” Grupo de ex presas politicas: Memoria v testimonios

Bringing the War Home

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Author :
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520930959
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Bringing the War Home by : Jeremy Peter Varon

Download or read book Bringing the War Home written by Jeremy Peter Varon and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2004-04-30 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this first comprehensive comparison of left-wing violence in the United States and West Germany, Jeremy Varon focuses on America's Weather Underground and Germany's Red Army Faction to consider how and why young, middle-class radicals in prosperous democratic societies turned to armed struggle in efforts to overthrow their states. Based on a wealth of primary material, ranging from interviews to FBI reports, this book reconstructs the motivation and ideology of violent organizations active during the 1960s and 1970s. Varon conveys the intense passions of the era--the heat of moral purpose, the depth of Utopian longing, the sense of danger and despair, and the exhilaration over temporary triumphs. Varon's compelling interpretation of the logic and limits of dissent in democratic societies provides striking insights into the role of militancy in contemporary protest movements and has wide implications for the United States' current "war on terrorism." Varon explores Weatherman and RAF's strong similarities and the reasons why radicals in different settings developed a shared set of values, languages, and strategies. Addressing the relationship of historical memory to political action, Varon demonstrates how Germany's fascist past influenced the brutal and escalating nature of the West German conflict in the 60s and 70s, as well as the reasons why left-wing violence dropped sharply in the United States during the 1970s. Bringing the War Home is a fascinating account of why violence develops within social movements, how states can respond to radical dissent and forms of terror, how the rational and irrational can combine in political movements, and finally how moral outrage and militancy can play both constructive and destructive roles in efforts at social change.

After the Red Army Faction

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Author :
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231538294
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis After the Red Army Faction by : Charity Scribner

Download or read book After the Red Army Faction written by Charity Scribner and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-12-16 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masterminded by women, the Red Army Faction (RAF) terrorized West Germany from the 1970s to the 1990s. Afterimages of its leaders persist in the works of pivotal artists and writers, including Gerhard Richter, Elfriede Jelinek, and Slavoj i ek. Why were women so prominent in the RAF? What does the continuing cultural response to the German armed struggle tell us about the representation of violence, power, and gender today? Engaging critical theory, Charity Scribner addresses these questions and analyzes signal works that point beyond militancy and terrorism. This literature and art discloses the failures of the Far Left and registers the radical potential that RAF women actually forfeited. After the Red Army Faction maps out a cultural history of militancy and introduces "postmilitancy" as a new critical term. As Scribner demonstrates, the most compelling examples of postmilitant culture don't just repudiate militancy: these works investigate its horizons of possibility, particularly on the front of sexual politics. Objects of analysis include as-yet untranslated essays by Theodor Adorno and Jürgen Habermas, as well as novels by Friedrich Dürrenmatt and Judith Kuckart, Johann Kresnik's Tanztheaterstück Ulrike Meinhof, and the blockbuster exhibition Regarding Terror at the Berlin Kunst-Werke. Scribner focuses on German cinema, offering incisive interpretations of films by Margarethe von Trotta, Volker Schlöndorff, and Fatih Akin, as well as the international box-office success The Baader-Meinhof Complex. These readings disclose dynamic junctures among several fields of inquiry: national and sexual identity, the disciplining of the militant body, and the relationship between mass media and the arts.

Consuming//Terror

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781070791746
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (917 download)

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Book Synopsis Consuming//Terror by : Rupert Goldsworthy

Download or read book Consuming//Terror written by Rupert Goldsworthy and published by . This book was released on 2019-05-29 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CONSUMING//TERROR is a dynamic academic analysis of the Baader-Meinhof, the self-proclaimed "urban guerrilla cell" active in West Germany in the 1970s and '80s. The book traces the visual history of the Red Army Faction (RAF) and its relations both to the history of left-wing iconography and the genre of radical chic. This study concentrates on the era when terrorism first entered the Western news media through spectacular bombings, hijackings and assassinations. Located on the frontlines of the Cold War, the story of the RAF provides an excellent lens with which to study the visual components of terror. Since that time, public conceptions of the RAF have shifted in significant ways, as images which initially emerged in the news media have gradually become processed and reframed through recycling in cinema, historical studies, pop culture and fine art.CONSUMING//TERROR explores how the RAF, like Che Guevara, have seeped into popular culture, fashion and art, moving through contexts where they become floating signifiers for rebellion that have been stripped of political and historical clarity.

Anatomy of the Red Brigades

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Author :
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801461392
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)

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Book Synopsis Anatomy of the Red Brigades by : Alessandro Orsini

Download or read book Anatomy of the Red Brigades written by Alessandro Orsini and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-15 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Red Brigades were a far-left terrorist group in Italy formed in 1970 and active all through the 1980s. Infamous around the world for a campaign of assassinations, kidnappings, and bank robberies intended as a "concentrated strike against the heart of the State," the Red Brigades’ most notorious crime was the kidnapping and murder of Italy’s former prime minister Aldo Moro in 1978. In the late 1990s, a new group of violent anticapitalist terrorists revived the name Red Brigades and killed a number of professors and government officials. Like their German counterparts in the Baader-Meinhof Group and today’s violent political and religious extremists, the Red Brigades and their actions raise a host of questions about the motivations, ideologies, and mind-sets of people who commit horrific acts of violence in the name of a utopia. In the first English edition of a book that has won critical acclaim and major prizes in Italy, Alessandro Orsini contends that the dominant logic of the Red Brigades was essentially eschatological, focused on purifying a corrupt world through violence. Only through revolutionary terror, Brigadists believed, could humanity be saved from the putrefying effects of capitalism and imperialism. Through a careful study of all existing documentation produced by the Red Brigades and of all existing scholarship on the Red Brigades, Orsini reconstructs a worldview that can be as seductive as it is horrifying. Orsini has devised a micro-sociological theory that allows him to reconstruct the group dynamics leading to political homicide in extreme-left and neonazi terrorist groups. This "subversive-revolutionary feedback theory" states that the willingness to mete out and suffer death depends, in the last analysis, on how far the terrorist has been incorporated into the revolutionary sect. Orsini makes clear that this political-religious concept of historical development is central to understanding all such self-styled "purifiers of the world." From Thomas Müntzer’s theocratic dream to Pol Pot’s Cambodian revolution, all the violent "purifiers" of the world have a clear goal: to build a perfect society in which there will no longer be any sin and unhappiness and in which no opposition can be allowed to upset the universal harmony. Orsini’s book reconstructs the origins and evolution of a revolutionary tradition brought into our own times by the Red Brigades.