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Recent Advances In Nervous System Toxicology
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Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Nervous System Toxicology by : Corrado L. Galli
Download or read book Recent Advances in Nervous System Toxicology written by Corrado L. Galli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses some facets of the adverse actions of chemical agents on the central and peripheral nervous systems in developing and mature states. Some of the effects of these chemicals are short-lasting and rapidly reversible; others, especially those that cause structural damage to the nervous system, may result in permanent damage to the organism. The nervous system has several levels of vulnerability to toxic substances. Some substances perturb ion channels or synaptic mechanisms required for the orderly transfer of electrochemical information within the nervous system. Others disrupt sites required for the maintenance of cellular integrity, and these variably result in degenerative responses of neurons and myelinating cells. Further sites of vulnerability include the delicate neural vasculature and neurohumeral mechanisms responsible for physiological homeostasis. The science of neurotoxicology inevitably is a multidisciplinary endeavor, with contributions from biochemistry, physiology, morphology and behavior, to name a few. The challenge is to apply appropriate techniques to investigate neurotoxic phenomena. The first logical step in this analysis is to determine from the point of view of the nervous system the nature of the exposure. Is the chemical a single or multiple entity; is it metabolized; how does it gain access to neural tissue? Once these factors are understood, changes induced by the exposure can be described at various levels from the biochemical to the behavioral.
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Nervous System Toxicology by : CL Galli (Ed)
Download or read book Recent Advances in Nervous System Toxicology written by CL Galli (Ed) and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Neurotoxicology by : National Research Council
Download or read book Environmental Neurotoxicology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists agree that exposure to toxic agents in the environment can cause neurological and psychiatric illnesses ranging from headaches and depression to syndromes resembling parkinsonism. It can even result in death at high exposure levels. The emergence of subclinical neurotoxicity-the concept that long-term impairments can escape clinical detection-makes the need for risk assessment even more critical. This volume paves the way toward definitive solutions, presenting the current consensus on risk assessment and environmental toxicants and offering specific recommendations. The book covers: The biologic basis of neurotoxicity. Progress in the application of biologic markers. Reviews of a wide range of in vitro and in vivo testing techniques. The use of surveillance and epidemiology to identify neurotoxic hazards that escape premarket screening. Research needs. This volume will be an important resource for policymakers, health specialists, researchers, and students.
Book Synopsis Neurotoxicity : identifying and controlling poisons of the nervous system : new developments in neuroscience. by :
Download or read book Neurotoxicity : identifying and controlling poisons of the nervous system : new developments in neuroscience. written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neurotoxicity written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neurotoxicity written by Suna Sabuncuoglu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-03-30 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurotoxins are natural or chemical compounds that can disturb the neurological system of mammals. The neurotoxic potential of a neurotoxin is a consequence that may occur if tissue concentrations surpass a particular threshold. Chemicals disrupt adult brain function by interfering with the structure and function of various neuronal pathways, circuits, and systems in diverse ways. Neurotoxicity - New Advances provides updated information about neurotoxicity and neurotoxic chemicals including nanomaterials and pesticides. It also discusses prevention and treatment strategies. This book is an instructive and valuable guide to understanding neurotoxicity and identifying neurotoxicity mechanisms and neurotoxic disorders.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309683092 Total Pages :87 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (96 download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Neuroscience by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Environmental Neuroscience written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2021-01-22 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans are potentially exposed to more than 80,000 toxic chemicals in the environment, yet their impacts on brain health and disease are not well understood. The sheer number of these chemicals has overwhelmed the ability to determine their individual toxicity, much less potential interactive effects. Early life exposures to chemicals can have permanent consequences for neurodevelopment and for neurodegeneration in later life. Toxic effects resulting from chemical exposure can interact with other risk factors such as prenatal stress, and persistence of some chemicals in the brain over time may result in cumulative toxicity. Because neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders - such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and Parkinson's disease - cannot be fully explained by genetic risk factors alone, understanding the role of individual environmental chemical exposures is critical. On June 25, 2020, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders hosted a workshop to lay the foundation for future advances in environmental neuroscience. The workshop was designed to explore new opportunities to bridge the gap between what is known about the genetic contribution to brain disorders and what is known, and not known, about the contribution of environmental influences, as well as to discuss what is known about how genetic and environmental factors interact. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.
Book Synopsis Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-02-06 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders is the summary of a workshop convened by the IOM Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders to examine opportunities to accelerate early phases of drug development for nervous system drug discovery. Workshop participants discussed challenges in neuroscience research for enabling faster entry of potential treatments into first-in-human trials, explored how new and emerging tools and technologies may improve the efficiency of research, and considered mechanisms to facilitate a more effective and efficient development pipeline. There are several challenges to the current drug development pipeline for nervous system disorders. The fundamental etiology and pathophysiology of many nervous system disorders are unknown and the brain is inaccessible to study, making it difficult to develop accurate models. Patient heterogeneity is high, disease pathology can occur years to decades before becoming clinically apparent, and diagnostic and treatment biomarkers are lacking. In addition, the lack of validated targets, limitations related to the predictive validity of animal models - the extent to which the model predicts clinical efficacy - and regulatory barriers can also impede translation and drug development for nervous system disorders. Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders identifies avenues for moving directly from cellular models to human trials, minimizing the need for animal models to test efficacy, and discusses the potential benefits and risks of such an approach. This report is a timely discussion of opportunities to improve early drug development with a focus toward preclinical trials.
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Neuropharmacology by : H. Bönisch
Download or read book Recent Advances in Neuropharmacology written by H. Bönisch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-01-24 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is dedicated to Professor Ullrich Trendelenburg. It contains the proceedings of a symposium which was held in his honour on the occasion of his retirement and took place March 22-24, 1991 in Wiirzburg. Ullrich Trendelenburg was the head of the Department of Pharmacology at Wiirzburg University from 1968 till the end of March 1991. He is famous internationally for his contributions to the physiology and pharmacology of the autonomic nervous system, and his impact on pharmacology in general throughout the world has been outstanding. The various phases of his life and his career have been delineated recently by Youdim and Riederer (Journal of Neural Transmission; Suppl. 32, 1990). The articles included in this volume reflect a considerable range of current research work dealing with various aspects of neuropharmacology, i. e. , the field of research Ullrich Trendelenburg has influenced most. One or more authors of each chapter are either former or present students and coworkers or close friends of Ullrich Trendelenburg. The first section is devoted to the synthesis and metabolism of catecholamines as well as to the mechanisms by which amine transmitters are removed from the extracellular fluid; three chapters deal with the two types of extraneuronal uptake of catecholamines. The second section concentrates on the release of catecholamines in the peripheral and the central nervous system, the regulation of transmitter release and the noradrenaline-ATP co-transmis sion. The third section deals with the pharmacology of various receptors, including agrenoceptors, adenosine, 5-HT and glutamate receptors.
Book Synopsis Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment by : National Research Council
Download or read book Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-12-21 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.
Book Synopsis Effects of Foods and Drugs on the Development and Function of the Nervous System by : Rosa M. Gryder
Download or read book Effects of Foods and Drugs on the Development and Function of the Nervous System written by Rosa M. Gryder and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: A collection of papers presented at an FDA symposium describes the influences of foods and drugs on thedevelopment and functioning of nervous systems. Neurobehavioral development and maintenance include both neurobiological and neurochemical development of the brain and are affected by nutritional influences. Methods for assessing neurotoxicity and current status of neurotoxicity screening procedures are described. Specific research is detailed briefly. Finally, current issues in neurotoxicity such as food colors, amino acids, vitamins and megavitamins,drug/diet interaction, nutrients as drugs, dietary control of behavior, anticonvulsant drugs, and fetal alcohol syndrome are discussed. (rkm).
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Epilepsy Research by : Devin K. Binder
Download or read book Recent Advances in Epilepsy Research written by Devin K. Binder and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-06-24 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epilepsy research has entered an exciting phase as advances in molecular analysis have supplemented in vitro and in vivo electrophysiologic and phenotypic characterization. Recent Advances in Epilepsy Research sets forth a series of chapter reviews by researchers involved in these advances. This volume is a composite profile of some exciting recent investigations in select areas of enquiry. Key features: neurogenetics of seizure disorders, new developments in cellular and molecular neurobiology of seizure disorders, the role of growth factors in seizures, new advances in the roles of metabotropic glutamate receptors and GABA receptors and transporters, gap junctions, neuroimmunology of epilepsy, malformations of cortical development, neurogenesis, new animal models of epilepsy and the use of brain stimulation to treat epilepsy. This book should be of interest to a wide variety of audiences, including graduate students in neurobiology and related disciplines, neuroscientists, medical students, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and industry including pharmaceutical companies and medical device companies. There are many ideas in this book that will lead ingenious innovators in academia and industry to develop new and better therapies.
Book Synopsis Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century by : National Research Council
Download or read book Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-05 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in molecular biology and toxicology are paving the way for major improvements in the evaluation of the hazards posed by the large number of chemicals found at low levels in the environment. The National Research Council was asked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to review the state of the science and create a far-reaching vision for the future of toxicity testing. The book finds that developing, improving, and validating new laboratory tools based on recent scientific advances could significantly improve our ability to understand the hazards and risks posed by chemicals. This new knowledge would lead to much more informed environmental regulations and dramatically reduce the need for animal testing because the new tests would be based on human cells and cell components. Substantial scientific efforts and resources will be required to leverage these new technologies to realize the vision, but the result will be a more efficient, informative and less costly system for assessing the hazards posed by industrial chemicals and pesticides.
Book Synopsis Drinking Water and Health, by : National Research Council
Download or read book Drinking Water and Health, written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1986-02-01 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most recent volume in the Drinking Water and Health series contains the results of a two-part study on the toxicity of drinking water contaminants. The first part examines current practices in risk assessment, identifies new noncancerous toxic responses to chemicals found in drinking water, and discusses the use of pharmacokinetic data to estimate the delivered dose and response. The second part of the book provides risk assessments for 14 specific compounds, 9 presented here for the first time.
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Cannabinoid Physiology and Pathology by : Anna N. Bukiya
Download or read book Recent Advances in Cannabinoid Physiology and Pathology written by Anna N. Bukiya and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-22 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cannabinoid system plays a central role in a wide variety of physiological functions that touch upon cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, immune, and nervous systems. Cannabinoids also play a central role in developmental physiology, management of pain, and shaping of human behaviour. Recent movements towards legalization of marijuana use have bolstered scientific interest in the cannabinoid field and led to research efforts that would unveil multi-faceted effects and mechanisms of cannabinoid presence in different organs and at various stages of development. This book summarizes the recent advances in the field of cannabinoid research at multiple levels of resolution. It spans from systemic effects of cannabinoids on development, physiological function, and prevalent pathophysiological conditions to mechanisms that govern cannabinoid interaction with their relevant protein targets at atomic resolution. This book will be of interest to a specialized audience in the fields of biochemistry, pharmacology and developmental biology but alsoto a wider readership with interest in general physiology and cannabinoid signalling in biological systems.
Book Synopsis New Advances in Histamine Research by : Kenji Tasaka
Download or read book New Advances in Histamine Research written by Kenji Tasaka and published by Springer. This book was released on 1995-03-01 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent research has given great insight into the physiological and pharmaceutical effects of histamine on the central nervous system and especially on the brain. This volume focuses on these many new findings, including the role of brain histamine in the arousal system, learning, and memory. Also featured are the mechanisms of histamine release in bone marrow and mast cells and the role of histamine in neutrophil differentiation. These are analyzed using the most up-to-date techniques of molecular pharmacology and refined immunoelectroscopy. In addition, the pharmacological profiles of newly developed H1 antagonists are described, making this book invaluable to those who want to understand the very latest advances in histamine research.
Book Synopsis Development of the Nervous System by : Dan H. Sanes
Download or read book Development of the Nervous System written by Dan H. Sanes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-11-02 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of the Nervous System, Second Edition has been thoroughly revised and updated since the publication of the First Edition. It presents a broad outline of neural development principles as exemplified by key experiments and observations from past and recent times. The text is organized along a development pathway from the induction of the neural primordium to the emergence of behavior. It covers all the major topics including the patterning and growth of the nervous system, neuronal determination, axonal navigation and targeting, synapse formation and plasticity, and neuronal survival and death. This new text reflects the complete modernization of the field achieved through the use of model organisms and the intensive application of molecular and genetic approaches. The original, artist-rendered drawings from the First Edition have all been redone and colorized to so that the entire text is in full color. This new edition is an excellent textbook for undergraduate and graduate level students in courses such as Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Developmental Biology. Updates information including all the new developments made in the field since the first edition Now in full color throughout, with the original, artist-rendered drawings from the first edition completely redone, revised, colorized, and updated
