Rationality within Modern Psychological Theory

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Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 1498519717
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Rationality within Modern Psychological Theory by : James A. Harold

Download or read book Rationality within Modern Psychological Theory written by James A. Harold and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2016-06-15 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rationality within Modern Psychological Theory examines the rational and irrational dimensions of human nature and of the psyche and logos. Harold combines the traditionally divided views of classical philosophy’s affirmation of the existence of intellect and modern psychology’s emphasis on immanent psychological factors over rational, transcendent relations. By accepting the power of being in an adequate relation to reality, while still admitting the manifold ways that people evade truth and reality, psychologists will be able to emphasize the power of an individual to establish a truthful relation with reality. This book is recommended for scholars of psychology and philosophy.

Decision Making and Rationality in the Modern World

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Decision Making and Rationality in the Modern World by : Keith E. Stanovich

Download or read book Decision Making and Rationality in the Modern World written by Keith E. Stanovich and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2010 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Decision Making and Rationality in the Modern World, Keith E. Stanovich demonstrates how work in the cognitive psychology of decision making has implications for the large and theoretically contentious debates about the nature of human rationality. Written specifically for undergraduate psychology students, the book presents a very practical approach to decision making, which is too often perceived by students as an artificial set of skills used only in academia and not in the real world. Instead, Stanovich shows how good decision-making procedures support rational behavior that enables people to act most efficiently to fulfill their goals. He explains how the concept of rationality is understood in cognitive science in terms of good decision making and judgment. Books in the Fundamentals of Cognition series serve as ideal instructional resources for advanced courses in cognitive psychology. They provide an up-to-date, well-organized survey of our current understanding of the major theories of cognitive psychology. The books are concise, which allows instructors to incorporate the latest original research and readings into their courses without overburdening their students. Focused without being too advanced--and comprehensive without being too broad--these books are the perfect resource for both students and instructors.

Rationality and Social Responsibility

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135703868
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (357 download)

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Book Synopsis Rationality and Social Responsibility by : Joachim I. Krueger

Download or read book Rationality and Social Responsibility written by Joachim I. Krueger and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2008-04-09 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together a diverse group of authors who have been associated with Robyn Dawes over the years. The breadth of topics covered reflects Dawes’s wide-ranging impact on psychological theory and empirical practice. The two themes of rationality and social responsibility are well developed in the book. Dawes had always urged investigators to take seriously the question of how individuals can reconcile self-interest (i.e. rationality) with the collective good (i.e. social responsibility). The area of judgment and decision-making poses a similar challenge: here, rational judgment is the most responsible judgment because it minimizes errors. To attain rationality in this domain, individuals need to accept the limitations of their own intuitions. This volume presents an up-to-date overview of how far psychological science has come in its struggle to reconcile what is true with what is good. Each chapter is a stimulus for new research and a reminder not to forget the hard-won lessons of the past – in particular, those taught by Robyn Dawes.

Rational Living

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Rational Living by : Henry Churchill King

Download or read book Rational Living written by Henry Churchill King and published by . This book was released on 1905 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Rational Living

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Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9781330201794
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Rational Living by : Henry Churchill King

Download or read book Rational Living written by Henry Churchill King and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-06-26 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Rational Living: Some Practical Inferences From Modern Psychology It is with considerable hesitancy that one undertakes to point out the practical suggestions of modern psychological investigations. Scientific workers in this field have a natural prejudice against attempts to make their science quickly useful; and this feeling is so strong on the part of many, that one almost seems to proclaim himself to such as a charlatan at once, if he attempts to draw practical inferences from this study, and to make these inferences generally available. But is it not possible that we might well heed just here Hilty's illuminating word? "Truth, wherever it may be sought, is, as a rule, so simple that it often does not look learned enough." About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

The Rationality Quotient

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262034840
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rationality Quotient by : Keith E. Stanovich

Download or read book The Rationality Quotient written by Keith E. Stanovich and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-09-30 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How to assess critical aspects of cognitive functioning that are not measured by IQ tests: rational thinking skills. Why are we surprised when smart people act foolishly? Smart people do foolish things all the time. Misjudgments and bad decisions by highly educated bankers and money managers, for example, brought us the financial crisis of 2008. Smart people do foolish things because intelligence is not the same as the capacity for rational thinking. The Rationality Quotient explains that these two traits, often (and incorrectly) thought of as one, refer to different cognitive functions. The standard IQ test, the authors argue, doesn't measure any of the broad components of rationality—adaptive responding, good judgment, and good decision making. The authors show that rational thinking, like intelligence, is a measurable cognitive competence. Drawing on theoretical work and empirical research from the last two decades, they present the first prototype for an assessment of rational thinking analogous to the IQ test: the CART (Comprehensive Assessment of Rational Thinking). The authors describe the theoretical underpinnings of the CART, distinguishing the algorithmic mind from the reflective mind. They discuss the logic of the tasks used to measure cognitive biases, and they develop a unique typology of thinking errors. The Rationality Quotient explains the components of rational thought assessed by the CART, including probabilistic and scientific reasoning; the avoidance of “miserly” information processing; and the knowledge structures needed for rational thinking. Finally, the authors discuss studies of the CART and the social and practical implications of such a test. An appendix offers sample items from the test.

Decision Theory and Rationality

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Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191609455
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Decision Theory and Rationality by : José Luis Bermúdez

Download or read book Decision Theory and Rationality written by José Luis Bermúdez and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-02-19 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of rationality is a common thread through the human and social sciences — from political science to philosophy, from economics to sociology, and from management science to decision analysis. But what counts as rational action and rational behavior? José Luis Bermúdez explores decision theory as a theory of rationality. Decision theory is the mathematical theory of choice and for many social scientists it makes the concept of rationality mathematically tractable and scientifically legitimate. Yet rationality is a concept with several dimensions and the theory of rationality has different roles to play. It plays an action-guiding role (prescribing what counts as a rational solution of a given decision problem). It plays a normative role (giving us the tools to pass judgment not just on how a decision problem was solved, but also on how it was set up in the first place). And it plays a predictive/explanatory role (telling us how rational agents will behave, or why they did what they did). This controversial but accessible book shows that decision theory cannot play all of these roles simultaneously. And yet, it argues, no theory of rationality can play one role without playing the other two. The conclusion is that there is no hope of taking decision theory as a theory of rationality.

Contemporary Social Psychological Theories

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Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780804753470
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (534 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Social Psychological Theories by : Peter James Burke

Download or read book Contemporary Social Psychological Theories written by Peter James Burke and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents the most important and influential social psychological theories and research programs in contemporary sociology. Original chapters by the scholars who initiated and developed these theoretical perspectives provide full descriptions of each theory, its background, development, and future. The first four chapters cover general approaches, organized around fundamental principles and issues--symbolic interaction, social exchange, distributive justice, and rational choice. The following chapters focus on specific research programs and theories, examining identity, affect, comparison processes, power and dependence, social exchange, status construction, and legitimacy. A concluding chapter provides an analysis of and commentary on the state of the theoretical programs in sociological social psychology. Contributors: Peter J. Burke, Joseph Berger, Coye Cheshire, Karen S. Cook, Pamela Emanuelson, Alexandra Gerbasi, Karen A. Hegtvedt, Michael A. Hogg, Guillermina Jasso, Edward J. Lawler, Michael W. Macy, George J. McCall, Linda D. Molm, Cecilia L. Ridgeway, Dawn T. Robinson, Lynn Smith-Lovin, Jan E. Stets, Jonathan H. Turner, Murray Webster Jr., David Willer, and Morris Zelditch, Jr.

Rational Living

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Rational Living by : Henry Churchill King

Download or read book Rational Living written by Henry Churchill King and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Limits of Rationality

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135657351
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis The Limits of Rationality by : Roger Brubaker

Download or read book The Limits of Rationality written by Roger Brubaker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Limits of Rationality Rogers Brubaker explores the intimate and ambiguous interplay between Max Weber's empirical work and his moral vision, between his historical and sociological analysis of the 'specific and peculiar rationalism' of modern Western civilization and his deeply ambivalent moral response to that rationalism. Weber's ideas about rationality are central to his sociological work, and they are central to his moral perspective. But these ideas are neither easily accessible nor easily understandable, in part because Weber never systematized them, in part because his work is usually encountered piecemeal and seldom studied in its entirety. Brubaker reconstructs Weber's rich but fragmented discussion of rationalism and rationalization in a systematic fashion, thereby illuminating his empirical and moral diagnosis of modernity - a diagnosis that remains unsurpassed in pathos and anyalytical power.

Rationality

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 9780415069557
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (695 download)

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Book Synopsis Rationality by : K. I. Manktelow

Download or read book Rationality written by K. I. Manktelow and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1993 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Greeks and the Rational

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Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520380169
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis The Greeks and the Rational by : Josiah Ober

Download or read book The Greeks and the Rational written by Josiah Ober and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2022-11-29 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction : discovering practical reason -- Gyges' choice : rationality and visibility -- Glaucon's dilemma : origins of social order -- Deioces' ultimatum : how to choose a ruler -- Solon's bargain : self-enforcing constitutional order -- Melos' prospect : limits of inter-state rationality -- Socrates' critique : problems for democratic rationality -- Cephalus' expertise : economic rationality -- Conclusions : utility and eudaimonia -- Appendix : probability, risk, and likelihood.

The Philosophical Dimension of Psychology: A Beginner’s Guide

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Publisher : Vernon Press
ISBN 13 : 1648893333
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (488 download)

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Book Synopsis The Philosophical Dimension of Psychology: A Beginner’s Guide by : James A. Harold

Download or read book The Philosophical Dimension of Psychology: A Beginner’s Guide written by James A. Harold and published by Vernon Press. This book was released on 2022-01-04 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both students and professors typically assume that the content of introductory psychology textbooks, which are empirical in nature, are identical to psychology proper. Yet, what is surprising is how many interesting psychological insights can be found in both philosophy and literature that are often not found in psychology texts. Such insights are clearly psychological in nature, yet they do not go back to any empirical investigation. It seems that basic psychology textbooks—typically providing the basis for undergraduate and graduate psychology programs—represent only one important dimension of psychology: empirical psychology. But there is no simple, co-extensive identity between psychology and empirical psychology. ‘The Philosophical Dimension of Psychology: A Beginner’s Guide’ begins with an investigation of what constitutes the subject matter of psychology, which demonstrates the aspects of psychological reality that are ignored, missed or at times even theoretically denied by mainline contemporary psychology (if they lack an empirical warrant). Such matters include inner conscious experience, the world of intrinsic value, as well as the higher, uniquely personal dimension of human nature (that is, of intellect and will). This book, therefore, offers a more complete survey of the entire sphere of psychological reality, which could provide the context for more properly interpreting empirical psychological phenomena. For example, should we understand psychological conditioning principles within a broader context of personal freedom? Is a person more rightly conceived in a psychologically immanent way, that is, oriented simply toward the fulfillment of instincts and needs, or is there as well a transcendent orientation, oriented to truth and meaning? Should we understand psychology simply from the point of view of efficient causation, or do we need to also take into account final causation? It will be of interest to psychology students of either undergraduate or graduate level and of great use to those with no prior knowledge of philosophy.

Rational Living

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Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780332001609
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Rational Living by : Henry Churchill King

Download or read book Rational Living written by Henry Churchill King and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-26 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Rational Living: Some Practical Inferences From Modern Psychology Using the term modern psychology, then, to cover the trend of all later psychological investigations, and not merely those of ex perimental or physiological psychology, what are the most important inferences from modern psychology? What does it mean? About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Who is Rational?

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Author :
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780805824728
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (247 download)

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Book Synopsis Who is Rational? by : Keith E. Stanovich

Download or read book Who is Rational? written by Keith E. Stanovich and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating a decade-long program of empirical research with current cognitive theory, this book demonstrates that psychological research has profound implications for current debates about what it means to be rational. The author brings new evidence to bear on these issues by demonstrating that patterns of individual differences--largely ignored in disputes about human rationality--have strong implications for explanations of the gap between normative and descriptive models of human behavior. Separate chapters show how patterns of individual differences have implications for all of the major critiques of purported demonstrations of human irrationality in the heuristics and biases literature. In these critiques, it has been posited that experimenters have observed performance errors rather than systematically irrational responses; the tasks have required computational operations that exceed human cognitive capacity; experimenters have applied the wrong normative model to the task; and participants have misinterpreted the tasks. In a comprehensive set of studies, Stanovich demonstrates that gaps between normative and descriptive models of performance on some tasks can be accounted for by positing these alternative explanations, but that not all discrepancies from normative models can be so explained. Individual differences in rational thought can in part be predicted by psychological dispositions that are interpreted as characteristic biases in people's intentional-level psychologies. Presenting the most comprehensive examination of individual differences in the heuristics and biases literature that has yet been published, experiments and theoretical insights in this volume contextualize the heuristics and biases literature exemplified in the work of various investigators.

Reasoning, Rationality and Dual Processes

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134610211
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Reasoning, Rationality and Dual Processes by : Jonathan Evans

Download or read book Reasoning, Rationality and Dual Processes written by Jonathan Evans and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-10-30 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the World Library of Psychologists series, international experts themselves present career-long collections of what they judge to be their finest pieces - extracts from books, key articles, salient research findings, and their major theoretical and practical contributions. Jonathan St B T Evans is amongst the foremost cognitive psychologists of his generation, having been influential in spearheading developments in the psychological study of reasoning from its very beginnings in the 1970s up to the present day. This volume of self-selected papers recognises Professor Evan’s major contribution to the psychological study of thinking and reasoning by bringing together his most influential and important works. Early selections in the book focus upon experimental studies of reasoning - matching bias in the Wason selection task, belief bias in syllogistic reasoning, and also seminal work on the understanding of conditional statements. The later selections include Evans’ work on more general forms of dual process and dual system theory, and his recent account of two minds in one brain. The volume also contains chapters which highlight Evans’ contribution to the topic of human rationality, and also his influence on the development of the "new paradigm" in the psychology of reasoning. The key developments in the psychology of reasoning are paralleled by those in Evans’s own intellectual history, and the book will therefore make essential reading for all researchers in the psychology of reasoning, and a wider audience of graduate and upper-level undergraduate students with an interest in reasoning and/or dual process theory.

Elements of Reason

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521653329
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (533 download)

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Book Synopsis Elements of Reason by : Arthur Lupia

Download or read book Elements of Reason written by Arthur Lupia and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-10-09 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in the social sciences are used to uncover cognitive foundations of social decision making.