Pretrained Transformers for Text Ranking

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031021819
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Pretrained Transformers for Text Ranking by : Jimmy Lin

Download or read book Pretrained Transformers for Text Ranking written by Jimmy Lin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of text ranking is to generate an ordered list of texts retrieved from a corpus in response to a query. Although the most common formulation of text ranking is search, instances of the task can also be found in many natural language processing (NLP) applications.This book provides an overview of text ranking with neural network architectures known as transformers, of which BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) is the best-known example. The combination of transformers and self-supervised pretraining has been responsible for a paradigm shift in NLP, information retrieval (IR), and beyond. This book provides a synthesis of existing work as a single point of entry for practitioners who wish to gain a better understanding of how to apply transformers to text ranking problems and researchers who wish to pursue work in this area. It covers a wide range of modern techniques, grouped into two high-level categories: transformer models that perform reranking in multi-stage architectures and dense retrieval techniques that perform ranking directly. Two themes pervade the book: techniques for handling long documents, beyond typical sentence-by-sentence processing in NLP, and techniques for addressing the tradeoff between effectiveness (i.e., result quality) and efficiency (e.g., query latency, model and index size). Although transformer architectures and pretraining techniques are recent innovations, many aspects of how they are applied to text ranking are relatively well understood and represent mature techniques. However, there remain many open research questions, and thus in addition to laying out the foundations of pretrained transformers for text ranking, this book also attempts to prognosticate where the field is heading.

Demystifying Scholarly Metrics

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Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Demystifying Scholarly Metrics by : Marc W. Vinyard

Download or read book Demystifying Scholarly Metrics written by Marc W. Vinyard and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2022-02-25 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demystifying Scholarly Metrics gives librarians and faculty the confidence to navigate the maze of scholarly metrics, identify quality journals in which to publish, and measure the impact of scholarly works. Both librarians and professors can be overwhelmed by the bewildering number of scholarly metrics. This user-friendly book demystifies them, helping librarians become familiar with scholarly metrics and giving them the confidence to assist faculty at their institutions. It also equips faculty authors with the knowledge to evaluate journals and use metrics to track their scholarly impact. Several controversies exist in the scholarly metrics landscape, including a disagreement between the proponents of altmetrics and traditional bibliometrics. Even more contentious debates are breaking out over predatory journals and open access publishing. Authors Mark Vinyard and Jaimie Beth Colvin, who successfully launched a faculty publishing initiative, explain which aspects of metrics are truly essential to grasp, and they place these numbers in context. They help readers identify the metrics that are the best fit for their scholarship and give librarians and professors the tools to make smart decisions in this changing scholarly metrics landscape.

The Impact of Higher Education Ranking Systems on Universities

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000368041
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis The Impact of Higher Education Ranking Systems on Universities by : Kevin Downing

Download or read book The Impact of Higher Education Ranking Systems on Universities written by Kevin Downing and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-04-05 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, written by three generations of rankings academics with considerable experience from three very different regions of the globe, lifts the lid on the real impact of higher education ranking systems (HERS) on universities and their stakeholders. It critically analyses the criteria that make up the ‘Big Three’ global ranking systems and, using interviews with senior administrators, academics and managers, discusses their impact on universities from four very different continents. Higher education continues to be dominated by a reputational hierarchy of institutions that sustains and is reinforced by HERS. Despite all the opinions and arguments about the legitimacy of the rankings as a construct, it seems experts agree that they are here to stay. The question, therefore, seems to be less about whether or not universities should be compared and ranked, but the manner in which this is undertaken. Delivering a fresh perspective on global rankings, this book summarizes the development of HERS and provides a critical evaluation of the effects of HERS on four different major regions – South Africa, the Arab region, South East Asia, and Australia. It will appeal to any academic, student, university administrator or governing body interested in or affected by global higher education ranking systems.

Sustainable Development Report 2021

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009098918
Total Pages : 517 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainable Development Report 2021 by : Jeffrey Sachs

Download or read book Sustainable Development Report 2021 written by Jeffrey Sachs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-14 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains insights on current issues in research on sustainable development, featuring the SDG Index and Dashboards.

Trust and Infrastructure in Scholarly Communications

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832510884
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Trust and Infrastructure in Scholarly Communications by : Daniel W. Hook

Download or read book Trust and Infrastructure in Scholarly Communications written by Daniel W. Hook and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-01-06 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Perspectives on ICT4D and Socio-Economic Growth Opportunities in Developing Countries

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Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799829855
Total Pages : 507 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Perspectives on ICT4D and Socio-Economic Growth Opportunities in Developing Countries by : Ndayizigamiye, Patrick

Download or read book Perspectives on ICT4D and Socio-Economic Growth Opportunities in Developing Countries written by Ndayizigamiye, Patrick and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology has been hailed as one of the catalysts toward economic and human development. In the current economic era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, information acquisition, transformation, and dissemination processes are posed to be the key enablers of development. However, in the context of developing countries, there is a need for more evidence on the impact that ICT has on addressing developmental issues. Such evidence is needed to make a case for investments in ICT-led interventions to improve people’s lives in developing countries. Perspectives on ICT4D and Socio-Economic Growth Opportunities in Developing Countries is a collection of innovative research on current trends that portray the ICT and development nexus (ICT4D) from economic and human development perspectives within developing countries. While highlighting topics including mobile money, poverty alleviation, and consumer behavior, this book is ideally designed for economists, government officials, policymakers, ICT specialists, business professionals, researchers, academicians, students, and entrepreneurs.

Assessing the Innovation System of Australia. The Influence of Australian Economy

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Author :
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346338983
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (463 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing the Innovation System of Australia. The Influence of Australian Economy by : Max Radünzel

Download or read book Assessing the Innovation System of Australia. The Influence of Australian Economy written by Max Radünzel and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2021-02-02 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Politics - Region: Other States, grade: 1,7, Private University of Applied Sciences Goettingen, language: English, abstract: The paper questions what influence high-growth firms in Australia have on the Australian innovation system. Is their influence on the innovation system as significant as their contribution to the Australian economy? What role do research and development activities play in this context, especially research and development expenditures? It is the aim of this scientific work, especially with publications from the Australian government, to provide answers to these questions. To answer the questions just mentioned, this paper is structured as follows. Section 2 deals entirely with the phenomenon of high-growth firms in Australia. First, a few selected data on the Australian economy are presented and put into context with those of another economy. In addition, two innovation indices are discussed in order to classify Australia's innovative capacity. Sections 2.1 and 2.2 define high-growth firms, explain their typical characteristics and then discuss the performance of high-growth firms and their impact on Australian economic performance. Section 3 continues with the relationship between business performance and innovation. It uses literature and studies to explain the relationship between business performance and innovation and how it is expressed. Building on this, Section 3.1 discusses the role of R&D activities and especially research and development expenditure in high-growth firms in Australia in this relationship. Finally, before concluding this paper, Section 4 provides an outlook on the impact of high-growth firms on Australia's innovation system. First, we define what is meant by a national innovation system and then use this as a basis for answering the main question of this paper.

Made Up

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Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538138050
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Made Up by : Martha Laham

Download or read book Made Up written by Martha Laham and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-10-10 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Made Up exposes the multibillion-dollar beauty industry that promotes unrealistic beauty standards through a market basket of advertising tricks, techniques, and technologies. Cosmetics magnate Charles Revson, a founder of Revlon, was quoted as saying, "In the factory, we make cosmetics. In the store, we sell hope." This pioneering entrepreneur, who built an empire on the foundation of nail polish, captured the unvarnished truth about the beauty business in a single metaphor: hope in a jar. Made Up: How the Beauty Industry Manipulates Consumers, Preys on Women’s Insecurities, and Promotes Unattainable Beauty Standards is a thorough examination of innovative, and often controversial, advertising practices used by beauty companies to persuade consumers, mainly women, to buy discretionary goods like cosmetics and scents. These approaches are clearly working: the average American woman will spend around $300,000 on facial products alone during her lifetime. This revealing book traces the evolution of the global beauty industry, discovers what makes beauty consumers tick, explores the persistence and pervasiveness of the feminine beauty ideal, and investigates the myth-making power of beauty advertising. It also examines stereotypical portrayals of women in beauty ads, looks at celebrity beauty endorsements, and dissects the “looks industry.” Made Upuncovers the reality behind an Elysian world of fantasy and romance created by beauty brands that won’t tell women the truth about beauty.

Impact of Global University Ranking Systems on Developing Countries

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Author :
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668482673
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Impact of Global University Ranking Systems on Developing Countries by : Onyancha, Omwoyo Bosire

Download or read book Impact of Global University Ranking Systems on Developing Countries written by Onyancha, Omwoyo Bosire and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-06-01 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emotive discourses on the subject of university rankings are directly linked to the effect of such rankings on the performance of universities throughout the world. It has been observed that the top-ranked universities attract major financial commitments from the industry, the best students, quality researchers, and a wide range of other quality endowments such as equipment, libraries, and laboratories. It is not surprising that the ranking of universities has gained popularity and become a significant factor shaping not only the reputation of universities but also the performance of said institutions around the world, including the developing countries. Impact of Global University Ranking Systems on Developing Countries presents a collection of perspectives from scholars and other stakeholders on the impact of the global ranking systems on developing countries. The book is an additional resource for discussion and discourse as far as the global university ranking systems are concerned and opens new frontiers for further research. Covering key topics such as assessment, ethics, and academic freedom, this premier reference source is ideal for administrators, policymakers, researchers, scholars, academicians, practitioners, instructors, and students.

Global Marketing Management

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Publisher : Wiley Global Education
ISBN 13 : 1119888786
Total Pages : 799 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (198 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Marketing Management by : Masaaki (Mike) Kotabe

Download or read book Global Marketing Management written by Masaaki (Mike) Kotabe and published by Wiley Global Education. This book was released on 2022-09-27 with total page 799 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An indispensable resource for students of marketing, management, and international business In the newly revised ninth edition of Global Marketing Management, a decorated team of international marketing professionals delivers an authoritative discussion of the realities of global marketing in today’s economy and an insightful exploration of the future of marketing to an international audience. You’ll obtain an integrated understanding of marketing best practices on a global scale, complete with relevant historical background and descriptions of current marketing environments. The latest edition builds on four major structural changes to the global marketing environment: growing anti-globalization sentiment, the growth of information technology tools, the increasing demand for personalization, and the environmental impact of business activity. In-depth case studies offer lively discussions of real-world global marketing campaigns and are accessible online. Global Marketing Management also provides: Thoroughly updated examples and case studies with contemporary information An ongoing emphasis on the increased volatility and uncertainty of today’s global markets Updated discussions of the balance to be struck between pursuing economies of scale and respecting unique cultural sensitivities New explorations of major global environmental and ethical issues New chapters on emerging markets, internet marketing, and corporate social responsibility

Medicine Across Borders: Exploration of Grey Zones

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Publisher : African Sun Media
ISBN 13 : 1991260318
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Medicine Across Borders: Exploration of Grey Zones by : Susanne Lundin

Download or read book Medicine Across Borders: Exploration of Grey Zones written by Susanne Lundin and published by African Sun Media. This book was released on 2023-11-15 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicine Across Borders provides an interdisciplinary space to discuss the issue of substandard and falsified medical products. Scholars from social and medical sciences collaboratively contribute insight to improving safe medicine access. The circulation of medicines and medical products on the informal market is well-known. Stakeholders, including governmental agencies and biotechnic enterprises, invest much effort in designing and implementing macrolevel interventions to limit the spread of such products. Nevertheless, there is a lack of knowledge and understanding of how informal markets function in everyday medicine access and use. This applies to professionals within and beyond academia, state governments, as well as the general public. This book takes an international perspective, examining the issue of substandard and falsified medical products cross nationally. Falsified and poor-quality medicines are prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, but this book also includes research from high-income countries arguing that they too have vulnerabilities, and emphasising the need for vigilance even in well-resourced and well-regulated regimes. Medicine Across Borders: Exploration of Grey Zones provides an interdisciplinary space for a depth and diversity of material that spotlights some contemporary themes hindering access to essential medicines and driving the penetration of substandard and falsified medical products. The authors are drawn from a range of academic disciplines across the social and medical sciences presenting findings from data collected using an eclectic mix of methods and analysis. Surveys, ethnography, narrative case studies, statistical, and thematic analysis are all deployed.

Routledge Handbook of Sport in the Middle East

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000567931
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Sport in the Middle East by : Danyel Reiche

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Sport in the Middle East written by Danyel Reiche and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-04-27 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook provides a succinct overview of sport in the Middle East, drawing in scholars from a wide variety of geographical and disciplinary backgrounds (history, politics, sociology, economics and regional studies), with different methodological approaches, to create the ‘go-to’ text on the subject. After the introduction, 33 chapters from leading subject experts cover areas including history, politics, society, economy and nationhood. The authors help shed light on how certain Middle Eastern countries have become increasingly active in international sports, and the efforts made to positioning themselves as the new global ‘sports hubs’. Split into five sections, the book offers a multi-disciplinary analysis of a diverse range of sports across the geographic Middle East, including football, mixed martial arts, rugby, athletics and cycling. The authors highlight and respond to issues such as the naturalisation of athletes, female athleticism, sports media and supporter cultures. The Routledge Handbook of Sport in the Middle East stands apart from previous research through offering first-hand accounts of sport in the area from authors who live and work in the region or have a history of regularly visiting and conducting research in the region. It will be of interest to academics and students alike, in the fields of Middle East politics, sport, sport in the Middle East, international relations, governance and sociology.

Casebook of Chinese Business Management

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811680744
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Casebook of Chinese Business Management by : Mingyue Fan

Download or read book Casebook of Chinese Business Management written by Mingyue Fan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-03 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book selects Chinese excellent enterprise management cases, integrating into the education system of business schools, sharing "China's new story" to readers, and boosting the process of national economic construction and enterprise transformation. Chinese enterprises face unprecedented opportunities and challenges under the circumstance of fast-changing technology, economy, and political environment. In the face of various uncertainties, they have risen to prominence and constantly summed up enterprise management concepts and practical experience suitable for their own development to reshape their competitive advantages and enhance their market value. Based on the investigation, this book covers the major theoretical aspects of management principles such as planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and innovation. The 17 selected cases from manufacturing, retailing, technology/big data service, agriculture, and other industries cover strategic management, entrepreneurial management, human-oriented management, information management, and organizational innovation management. We hope that readers can get some valuable practical experience and enlightenment from the practices in these fields. The book also includes two case study guides, which guide readers to form a case study's thinking. It also encourages readers to broaden their learning ideas on management.

Introduction to Public Relations

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Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1544392036
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (443 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Public Relations by : Janis Teruggi Page

Download or read book Introduction to Public Relations written by Janis Teruggi Page and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2020-09-11 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Public Relations: Strategic, Digital, and Socially Responsible Communication presents a comprehensive introduction to the field of public relations (PR) with a focus on new media and social responsibility. Recognizing that the shifts in technology, business, and culture require a fresh approach, authors Janis Teruggi Page and Lawrence J. Parnell show students how today′s PR professionals create persuasive messages with modern technologies while working in line with the industry′s foundations. The authors balance this approach with a focus on understanding communication theory, history, process, and practice, and how all these concepts can be applied to strategic PR planning. The Second Edition features new and refreshed content throughout, including cases, chapter-opening scenarios, and profiles of both young and senior practitioners with tips and career guidance for student success. Included with this title: The password-protected Instructor Resource Site (formally known as SAGE Edge) offers access to all text-specific resources, including a test bank and editable, chapter-specific PowerPoint® slides.

America's Ranking among Nations

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Author :
Publisher : Bernan Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis America's Ranking among Nations by : Michael D. Dulberger

Download or read book America's Ranking among Nations written by Michael D. Dulberger and published by Bernan Press. This book was released on 2024-06-25 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America’s Ranking among Nations provides a global perspective of the United States in an objective and nonpartisan manner. It is a compendium of graphic displays in full color revealing America’s position in the world. In this completely updated second edition, emphasis is placed on comparing the United States with other advanced, democratic nations and with international organizations. It covers a vast array of topics ranging from economic, military, and political matters to demographics and healthcare. Specifically, this edition includes information on Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the COVID-19 pandemic, opioid use, the declining life expectancy of American newborns, and much more. This book contains hundreds of easy-to-read figures and charts derived from data published by federal agencies in the United States and reputable international sources. In addition, each chapter includes a detailed overview in text format. Throughout the book, information is formatted to deliver maximum information with minimum effort by the reader. America’s Ranking among Nationswill appeal to a very broad readership at all levels within academia, especially in political science, as well as with the general public. This book provides a factual foundation allowing readers to formulate educated opinions on critical issues. Anyone who wants to hone his/her knowledge of world affairs will benefit.

The internationalization of professional football clubs. Potential markets and the brand personality of Borussia Dortmund

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Author :
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346219240
Total Pages : 87 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis The internationalization of professional football clubs. Potential markets and the brand personality of Borussia Dortmund by : Christian Weißkopf

Download or read book The internationalization of professional football clubs. Potential markets and the brand personality of Borussia Dortmund written by Christian Weißkopf and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-08-05 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,3, University of Applied Sciences Dortmund, language: English, abstract: The ongoing professionalization and commercialization of football, as the logical consequence of the constantly increasing financing need of today’s football clubs, constitutes a topic of high interest within the current media landscape and society. This phenomenon is especially valid for the leading clubs of the "big five" European football leagues. Considering that further growth opportunities in their respective domestic, mainly saturated markets are limited, most of these clubs strengthened their efforts of expanding their business activities into new foreign markets in recent years. In this context, it seems that the assessment and selection of potential foreign markets are mainly based on the potential fanbase which causes a situation in which the internationalization path of leading European football clubs appears to be relatively similar and mapped out to a large degree. Due to this fact and the non-perceptibility of a systematical assessment and selection procedure, this thesis examined the attractivity of current and prospective markets by means of deductive analysis. The results confirmed the general assumption of the high importance of socio-economic conditions as a significant determining factor for assessing the attractivity of prospective new foreign markets. Based on these findings, the thesis provides a ranking of the top non-UEFA member markets which could demonstrate deviations between the actual target markets of European football clubs and the results of the ranking. Furthermore, as the internationalization of a professional football club implies also the extension of a club’s brand management and marketing activities, the thesis contains an empirical study on the perception of the brand "Borussia Dortmund" within international markets. In accordance with global marketing literature which states that cultural differences have the potential to notably affect consumer perception of foreign brands, the study was able to confirm this assumption. The results based on the brand identity and personality of "Borussia Dortmund" provided clear indications that deviations on the perception can be linked to and explained by cultural differences. Consequently, these findings could serve as the basis for possible adaptations on the brand identity for being able to exploit commercial potentials in new foreign markets in a more effective and efficient way.

2023 Taiwan Health and Welfare Report

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Author :
Publisher : The Ministry of Health and Welfare
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis 2023 Taiwan Health and Welfare Report by : The Ministry of Health and Welfare

Download or read book 2023 Taiwan Health and Welfare Report written by The Ministry of Health and Welfare and published by The Ministry of Health and Welfare. This book was released on 2023-10-01 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 pandemic continued to spread in 2022. However, with the increasing distribution of vaccines and the emergence of less severe viral variants, the Ministry of Health and Welfare changed its focus from a strict containment epidemic prevention policy to a strategic policy of coexistence. Drawing upon the wealth of experience and adaptability gained from past challenges, we progressively embarked on a path towards easing pandemic restrictions. Furthermore, guided by our vision to be "the most trustworthy ministry for the people," we remained committed to continuously elevating healthcare professionalism, integrating and effectively allocating social welfare resources, and aligning ourselves with the global health and welfare system. Aging and low birth rates remain the most pressing issues facing Taiwan's population. The Ministry continues to create a friendly parenting environment, providing ongoing assistance for infertility treatment, increasing child-raising allowance, and daycare subsidies to alleviate the child-rearing burden on families. In April 2022, we expanded the nationwide "Home Care Program for Low (including extremely low) Birth Weight Infants" to enhance the quality of care. On the other hand, in response to an aged society, the Ministry is actively promoting age-friendly and dementia-friendly environments. By the end of 2022, a total of 585 locations were established in various counties and cities, offering health promotion courses for the elderly to ensure comprehensive and sustained healthcare services. We also funded 40 community nutrition promotion centers and branch centers nationwide, supporting communal dining venues and community food service providers to offer age-friendly dining services. Our efforts further expanded to dementia prevention and friendly community initiatives, implementing policies to "enhance public awareness and friendly attitudes towards dementia" and "reduce the risk of developing dementia." In addition to safeguarding not only the elderly and young but also every individual across their entire lifespan, we have been diligently cultivating a health-supportive environment. To this end, the Ministry continues to drive amendments to the Tobacco Hazards Prevention Act, effectively regulating novel nicotine and tobacco products. Simultaneously, under the provisions of the Mental Health Act, we ensure the protection of patients' rights, offering support and assistance to foster their integration into the community and promote the mental well-being of the people. Furthermore, through the comprehensive implementation of the "Five-Point Food Safety Policy" and a range of measures, such as the promotion of food business registration, intensified inspections and sampling, and more stringent penalties, we have steadfastly enforced food safety policies. At the same time, we have taken great strides in advancing Good Manufacturing Practices for pharmaceuticals, bolstering the monitoring of controlled drugs, and elevating the quality management standards of traditional Chinese medicines, thereby fortifying the foundations of medication safety. In 2022, the "Review Meeting of the ROC's Second Report under the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities" in August and the "Review Meeting of the ROC's Second Report under the Convention on the Rights of the Child" in November, were held in Taiwan and the international experts were invited to review the reports. Their expertise promoted the effective implementation of these conventions in Taiwan, while the invaluable insights from diverse stakeholders were warmly embraced. We analyzed global pandemic trends while considering both epidemic resilience and economic activities. The Ministry continues to promote COVID-19 vaccination, providing bivalent second-generation vaccines to the public. We have implemented rolling adjustments to border quarantine and control measures. Residential and community-based care institutions are provided with free rapid test kits, and regular screening measures have been extended to reduce infection risks for vulnerable and high-risk populations. To strengthen economic security, we have increased subsidies for low-income and middle-low-income households, benefiting over 620,000 people. With the goal of "normalcy in daily life, proactive epidemic prevention, and stable opening," we have adjusted the home quarantine close contacts, moderately relaxed mask regulations, and reduced restrictions on hospital visits, gradually moving towards a phased reopening of daily life. The 75th World Health Assembly (WHA) was convened in Geneva, Switzerland, in May 2022. Although Taiwan was not invited to participate in the WHA, MOHW Deputy Minister Li-Feng Lee led the "WHA Action Team" to Geneva. Through hosting professional forums, bilateral meetings, and engaging in related side events, we have continued deepening our collaborative relationships with various countries and international organizations in health. All this serves to convey to the international community Taiwan's determination to persistently engage in international health affairs with professionalism, pragmatism, and a commitment to contribute to international health affairs. To enhance international cooperation and exchange, Taiwan joined the Vaccination Credential Initiative (VCI) led by the United States in May 2022. The MOHW can issue digital vaccination certificates in Smart Health Card (SHC) format that can be certified. Furthermore, the MOHW continues promoting the New Southbound Policy in Healthcare. Based on country risk and different cooperation development of the NSP priority countries with Taiwan, additional centers were established in Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia, expanding the "7 Countries, 7 Centers" to "7 Countries, 10 Centers" program and promoting the internationalization of Taiwan's healthcare industry. As the COVID-19 policy moves towards coexistence and people's lives gradually return to normalcy after the pandemic, the Ministry will continue to prioritize the care for vulnerable groups and improve the welfare service system. We are committed to establishing and perfecting long-term care systems and service resources, optimizing protection services, fostering a harmonious and supportive society, expanding the healthcare system, and safeguarding the rights and interests of the public in seeking medical care. Our mission is to ensure a safe and secure environment for food and drugs and to enhance the health and well-being of the people in Taiwan.