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Author : L. Beardmore
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (597 download)
Download or read book Raman Spectroscopy of Hot Gases and Flames written by L. Beardmore and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : A. Weber
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642812791
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (428 download)
Download or read book Raman Spectroscopy of Gases and Liquids written by A. Weber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Raman effect is a most useful tool for the study of molecular vibrations and molecular structure. Information about the structure and symmetry of molecules, as well as about their vibrational energies can be obtained to a reasonable degree of satisfaction from their infrared and Raman vibrational spectra. The body of knowl edqe of the vibrational infrared and Raman spectra of molecules is immense and is now so well organized and understood that it is found to be represented in any stan dard upper level undergraduate curriculum in chemistry. The rotational energies of a molecule and quantitative details about its structure can only be obtained through the techniques of microwave, and high-resolution infrared and Raman spectroscopy of low pressure gases and vapors. The results of such investigations are of interest . not only to the academic scientists, but also to scientists and engineers who are active in applied fields of chemistry and physics, as well as the atmospheric sciences. This book deals with basic investigations of the Raman scattering of light by gases, with some attention also being given to liquid substances. After a brief in troductory chapter that delineates the historical development of Raman spectroscopy of gases, high-resolution rotation-vibrational and pure rotational Raman spectros copy is described in Chapters 2 and 3. The all-important intensity parameter, the Raman scattering cross section, is treated in Chapter 4, while the broadening of Raman lines due to the effects of intermolecular forces is taken up in Chapter 5.
Author : A. Gaydon
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400957203
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book The Spectroscopy of Flames written by A. Gaydon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Marshall Lapp
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468421034
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Laser Raman Gas Diagnostics written by Marshall Lapp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Laser Raman Workshop on the r"eas urement of Gas Properti es i sone of aseries of occasional meetings organized in an informal workshop format through the stimulation of Project SQUID, Office of Naval Research. This workshop is the second to be organized on gas-phase applications of Raman scattering. Both Raman workshops were supported by Project SQUID, ONR, and the Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. The first Raman Workshop was held at the AVCO Everett Research Laboratory, Everett, Massachusetts, with their co-sponsorship in January 1972 under the chairmanship of D. A. Leonard. The present meeting was co-sponsored by the General Electric Research and Development Center, and held at their facility in Schenectady, New York. We are grateful to Project SQUID, AFAPL, and GE for their generous financial support of this Workshop, and to Project SQUID for underwriting the publication costs of the Proceedings. As is always the case for successful meetings, many people contributed substantially to the organization and execution of this workshop. Professor Robert Goulard supported, aided, and encouraged us in the most helpful ways, and we are indebted to him. We received further valuable support and assistance from Dr. Ralph Roberts, Director, and Mr. James R. Patton, Jr., of the Power Branch, Office of Naval Research; from Dr. William H. Heiser, Chief Scientist of the Aero Propulsion Laboratory; and from Dr. James M.
Author : Timothy William Haller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (126 download)
Download or read book Thermometry in High Pressure Gases Using Spontaneous Raman Scattering written by Timothy William Haller and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spontaneous Raman scattering from nitrogen is studied in high pressure gases. Collision frequency increases with increasing gas density, causing spectral lines to broaden due to pressure broadening and mix when the lines are strongly overlapped. Because spontaneous Raman thermometry is accomplished by fitting a simulated spectrum to an experimental spectrum, spectral models that neglect these collision-induced effects will lead to erroneous temperature inference. This work investigates the influence of high density on ro-vibrational spontaneous Raman scattering, which must be understood to obtain accurate thermometry in high pressure gases. The temperature profile through a flame front was measured at 1 atm, 3 atm, and 5 atm using spontaneous Raman scattering from nitrogen. The pressure broadening was measured for the anisotropic tensor component of spontaneous Raman scattering from room temperature nitrogen over the pressure range of 10 atm to 70 atm for three gas compositions: pure nitrogen, air, and nitrogen in argon. The unmixed line model was found to give good fits to the O and S branches for all pressures, which indicates that line mixing effects are not significant in the O and S branches over this pressure range. Using indirect experimental evidence, line mixing effects in the anisotropic component of the Q branch were inferred to be below the threshold set by the experimental spectral resolution at pressures up to 70 atm at room temperature. Assuming that the anisotropic Q branch lines mix like the isotropic lines was found to result in a small systematic error in the inferred temperature at flame temperatures, with the error increasing slowly with pressure. The bias can be removed by modeling the anisotropic spectrum separately from the isotropic spectrum. Line mixing effects should be included in the modeling of the isotropic component of the Raman spectrum, but can probably be neglected in the anisotropic component of the ro-vibrational spontaneous Raman spectrum of nitrogen
Author : M. Alden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (618 download)
Download or read book Raman Spectroscopy in the Analysis of Fire Gases written by M. Alden and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John W. Hastie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 936 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Characterization of High Temperature Vapors and Gases written by John W. Hastie and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alexander C Bayeh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (87 download)
Download or read book Rotational and Vibrational Raman Spectroscopy for Thermochemistry Measurements in Supersonic Flames written by Alexander C Bayeh and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High speed chemically reacting flows are important in a variety of aerospace applications, namely ramjets, scramjets, afterburners, and rocket exhausts. To study flame extinction under similar high Mach number conditions, we need access to thermochemistry measurements in supersonic environments. In the current work a two-stage miniaturized combustor has been designed that can produce open supersonic methane-air flames amenable to laser diagnostics. The first stage is a vitiation burner, and was inspired by well-known principles of jet combustors. We explored the salient parameters of operation experimentally, and verified flame holding computationally using a well-stirred reactor model. The second stage of the burner generates an external supersonic flame, operating in premixed and partially premixed modes. The very high Mach numbers present in the supersonic flames should provide a useful test bed for the examination of flame suppression and extinction using laser diagnostics. We also present the development of new line imaging diagnostics for thermochemistry measurements in high speed flows. A novel combination of vibrational and rotational Raman scattering is used to measure major species densities (O2, N2, CH4, H2O,CO2, CO, & H2) and temperature. Temperature is determined by the rotational Raman technique by comparing measured rotational spectra to simulated spectra based on the measured chemical composition. Pressure is calculated from density and temperature measurements through the ideal gas law. The independent assessment of density and temperature allows for measurements in environments where the pressure is not known a priori. In the present study we applied the diagnostics to laboratory scale supersonic air and vitiation jets, and examine the feasibility of such measurements in reacting supersonic flames. Results of full thermochemistry were obtained for the air and vitiation jets that reveal the expected structure of an under-expanded jet. Centerline traces of density, temperature, and pressure of the air jet agree well with computations, while measurements of chemical composition for the vitiation flow also agree well with predicted equilibrium values. Finally, we apply the new diagnostics to the exhaust of the developed burner, and show the first ever results for density, temperature, and pressure, as well as chemical composition in a supersonic flame. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151043
Author : M. A. Thomsen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (535 download)
Download or read book Temperature Measurement in Flames by Raman Spectroscopy written by M. A. Thomsen and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dheeraj Kumar Singh
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819717035
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Raman Spectroscopy written by Dheeraj Kumar Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (78 download)
Download or read book Raman Spectroscopy of Gases and Liquids written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Shu-Lin Zhang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119966787
Total Pages : 519 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)
Download or read book Raman Spectroscopy and its Application in Nanostructures written by Shu-Lin Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-24 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Raman Spectroscopy and its Application in Nanostructures is an original and timely contribution to a very active area of physics and materials science research. This book presents the theoretical and experimental phenomena of Raman spectroscopy, with specialized discussions on the physical fundamentals, new developments and main features in low-dimensional systems of Raman spectroscopy. In recent years physicists, materials scientists and chemists have devoted increasing attention to low-dimensional systems and as Raman spectroscopy can be used to study and analyse such materials as carbon nanotubes, quantum wells, silicon nanowires, etc., it is fast becoming one of the most powerful and sensitive experimental techniques to characterize the qualities of such nanostructures. Recent scientific and technological developments have resulted in the applications of Raman spectroscopy to expand. These developments are vital in providing information for a very broad field of applications: for example in microelectronics, biology, forensics and archaeology. Thus, this book not only introduces these important new branches of Raman spectroscopy from both a theoretical and practical view point, but the resulting effects are fully explored and relevant representative models of Raman spectra are described in-depth with the inclusion of theoretical calculations, when appropriate.
Author : Jack A. Salzman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Determination of Gas Temperatures from Laser-Raman Scattering written by Jack A. Salzman and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation was conducted on the feasibility of using Raman scattered laser light to measure local gas temperatures. Temperature error predictions were made based on the statistics of the scattering process and Raman spectral theory. Methods were developed for the calculation of temperature measurement accuracies as a function of Raman signal for different spectral line ratio schemes. The results of these theoretical calculations were compared with experimental rotational Raman data obtained from a laboratory-constructed Raman spectrophotometer. Nitrogen was used as a gas sample for a range of controlled temperatures from 253 to 313 K and pressures from 0. 5 to 5.0 atmospheres.
Author : Tiong Kie Tan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (117 download)
Download or read book Investigation of Raman Spectroscopic Techniques for Temperature Measurement written by Tiong Kie Tan and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY, TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT, FLAMES, DATA ANALYSIS, NATURAL GAS-AIR, CURVE FITTING, SOFTWARE.
Author : Peter R. N. Childs
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 9780750650809
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (58 download)
Download or read book Practical Temperature Measurement written by Peter R. N. Childs and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2001-10-30 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature * General temperature measurement considerations * Invasive temperature measurement * Semi-invasive temperature measurement * Non-invasive temperature measurement * Temperature measurement technique selection * Heat flux measurement * Conclusions.
Author : J. A. Vanderhoff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Laser Raman Spectroscopy of Flames: Theory and Preliminary Results written by J. A. Vanderhoff and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Raman spectroscopy apparatus using intracavity argon ion laser excitation and photon counting detection has been used to measure both pure rotational and rotational-vibrational spectra of N2 from room temperature up to approximately 2200 K using pure gas samples, methane-air, and methane-nitrous oxide flames. Synthetic spectra generated by computer have been used to extract temperatures from the rotational-vibrational data using peak height ratios.
Author : National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Publications of the National Institute of Standards and Technology ... Catalog written by National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
