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Author : Lewis E. Wallner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Radiation Shielding for Manned Space Flight written by Lewis E. Wallner and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309185726
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Managing Space Radiation Risk in the New Era of Space Exploration written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-05-29 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the Vision for Space Exploration (VSE), NASA is planning for humans to revisit the Moon and someday go to Mars. An important consideration in this effort is protection against the exposure to space radiation. That radiation might result in severe long-term health consequences for astronauts on such missions if they are not adequately shielded. To help with these concerns, NASA asked the NRC to further the understanding of the risks of space radiation, to evaluate radiation shielding requirements, and recommend a strategic plan for developing appropriate mitigation capabilities. This book presents an assessment of current knowledge of the radiation environment; an examination of the effects of radiation on biological systems and mission equipment; an analysis of current plans for radiation protection; and a strategy for mitigating the risks to VSE astronauts.
Author : John William Wilson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Shielding Strategies for Human Space Exploration written by John William Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the workshop was to define requirements for the development and evaluation of high performance shield materials and designs and to develop ideas regarding approaches to radiation shielding.
Author : American Machine and Foundry Company. Research and Development Division
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (21 download)
Download or read book Space Radiation Guide written by American Machine and Foundry Company. Research and Development Division and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Space Radiation Guide is intended to be a reliable, easily understood handbook that will provide the reader with sufficient knowledge of the nature of space radiations to permit him to comprehend the total space radiation problem as it pertains to the hazards of manned space flight. The report is not intended to provide answers to all the problems, but, instead, to present much of the factual data currently known and to point out areas where information is sketchy and inconclusive. The radiations considered are cosmic rays, solar radiation, and the geomagnetically trapped (Van Allen) radiations. Included are chapters on instruments used for measuring these radiations, on shielding techniques, and on biological effects. (Author).
Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Space Radiation Study Panel
Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (37 download)
Download or read book Radiobiological Factors in Manned Space Flight written by National Research Council (U.S.). Space Radiation Study Panel and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1967 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030918066X
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Space Radiation Hazards and the Vision for Space Exploration written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-10-10 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fulfilling the President's Vision for Space Exploration (VSE) will require overcoming many challenges. Among these are the hazards of space radiation to crews traveling to the Moon and Mars. To explore these challenges in some depth and to examine ways to marshal research efforts to address them, NASA, NSF, and the NRC sponsored a workshop bringing together members of the space and planetary science, radiation physics, operations, and exploration engineering communities. The goals of the workshop were to increase understanding of the solar and space physics in the environment of Earth, the Moon, and Mars; to identify compelling relevant research goals; and discuss directions this research should take over the coming decade. This workshop report presents a discussion of radiation risks for the VSE, an assessment of specifying and predicting the space radiation environment, an analysis of operational strategies for space weather support, and a summary and conclusions of the workshop.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309102642
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Space Radiation Hazards and the Vision for Space Exploration written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-11-10 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fulfilling the President's Vision for Space Exploration (VSE) will require overcoming many challenges. Among these are the hazards of space radiation to crews traveling to the Moon and Mars. To explore these challenges in some depth and to examine ways to marshal research efforts to address them, NASA, NSF, and the NRC sponsored a workshop bringing together members of the space and planetary science, radiation physics, operations, and exploration engineering communities. The goals of the workshop were to increase understanding of the solar and space physics in the environment of Earth, the Moon, and Mars; to identify compelling relevant research goals; and discuss directions this research should take over the coming decade. This workshop report presents a discussion of radiation risks for the VSE, an assessment of specifying and predicting the space radiation environment, an analysis of operational strategies for space weather support, and a summary and conclusions of the workshop.
Author : Erik Seedhouse
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319746154
Total Pages : 125 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Space Radiation and Astronaut Safety written by Erik Seedhouse and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief explores the biological effects of long-term radiation on astronauts in deep space. As missions progress beyond Earth's orbit and away from the protection of its magnetic shielding, astronauts risk constant exposure to higher levels of galactic cosmic rays and solar particle events. The text concisely addresses the full spectrum of biomedical consequences from exposure to space radiation and goes on to present possible ways to mitigate such dangers and protect astronauts within the limitations of existing technologies.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Acceptability of Risk from Radiation written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The symposium was convened in 1996 by NASA and the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) to examine the philosophy of radiation protection and acceptable risk as it pertains to the three percent excess risk guidelines established in 1989. The objective was to examine the technological, strategic, and philosophical issues pertaining to acceptable risk and radiation in space. Presentations included the space radiation environment, biology relevant to space radiation, history of the development of radiation protection standards for space activities, analytic concepts for assessing risk as applied to human space flight, approaches to acceptable risk, perception and acceptance of risk from radiation exposure in space flight, physician and astronaut perspectives on philosophy on astronaut protection, and comments on space flight and radiation limits.
Author : Christine E. Hellweg
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030467449
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Radiation in Space: Relevance and Risk for Human Missions written by Christine E. Hellweg and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-23 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the series Springer Briefs in Space Life Sciences explains the physics and biology of radiation in space, defines various forms of cosmic radiation and their dosimetry, and presents a range of exposure scenarios. It also discusses the effects of radiation on human health and describes the molecular mechanisms of heavy charged particles’ deleterious effects in the body. Lastly, it discusses countermeasures and addresses the vital question: Are we ready for launch? Written for researchers in the space life sciences and space biomedicine, and for master’s students in biology, physics, and medicine, the book will also benefit all non-experts endeavouring to understand and enter space.
Author : Louis F. Vosteen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Environmental Problems of Space Flight Structures written by Louis F. Vosteen and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Arthur Reetz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Second Symposium on Protection Against Radiation in Space written by Arthur Reetz and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Percival D. McCormack
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461315670
Total Pages : 845 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Terrestrial Space Radiation and Its Biological Effects written by Percival D. McCormack and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 845 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is based on the proceedings of an Advanced Study Institute (ASI) sponsored by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) held October 1987 in Corfu, Greece. The Institute received financial support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, U.S.A. Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, U.S.A. Department of Energy, U.S.A. Deutsche Forschungs-und Versuchanstalt fur Luft und Raumfahrt e.v., Kaln, Germany The advent of the shuttle era is providing fresh impetus for large space ventures such as communication centers, solar power stations, astronomical observatories, orbiting factories, and space based radar. Such ventures will rely heavily on an extensive and prolonged human presence in space doing in-orbit construction, maintenance, and opera tion. Among the advantages of location in space are the near zero gravity environment, commanding location, and the reception of solar energy and astronomical signals unattenuated by the atmosphere. Central to long-term manned space missions are the problems associated with the effects of exposure to ionizing radiations on humans. Manned space mis sions in the past have encountered relatively benign radiation environ ments because of their very short duration and orbit configuration. However, crew stay time of up to a year has been recently achieved by the Soviet space program; and Mars missions lasting several years are under serious consideration.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309174902
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Radiation Hazards to Crews of Interplanetary Missions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-02-27 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NASA's long-range plans include possible human exploratory missions to the moon and Mars within the next quarter century. Such missions beyond low Earth orbit will expose crews to transient radiation from solar particle events as well as continuous high-energy galactic cosmic rays ranging from energetic protons with low mean linear energy transfer (LET) to nuclei with high atomic numbers, high energies, and high LET. Because the radiation levels in space are high and the missions long, adequate shielding is needed to minimize the deleterious health effects of exposure to radiation. The knowledge base needed to design shielding involves two sets of factors, each with quantitative uncertaintyâ€"the radiation spectra and doses present behind different types of shielding, and the effects of the doses on relevant biological systems. It is only prudent to design shielding that will protect the crew of spacecraft exposed to predicted high, but uncertain, levels of radiation and biological effects. Because of the uncertainties regarding the degree and type of radiation protection needed, a requirement for shielding to protect against large deleterious, but uncertain, biological effects may be imposed, which in turn could result in an unacceptable cost to a mission. It therefore is of interest to reduce these uncertainties in biological effects and shielding requirements for reasons of mission feasibility, safety, and cost.
Author : V. G. Bobkov
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Radiation Safety During Space Flights written by V. G. Bobkov and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Charles E. Swenberg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461529166
Total Pages : 938 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation Part B written by Charles E. Swenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space missions subject human beings or any other target of a spacecraft to a radiation environment of an intensity and composition not available on earth. Whereas for missions in low earth orbit (LEO), such as those using the Space Shuttle or Space Station scenario, radiation exposure guidelines have been developed and have been adopted by spacefaring agencies, for exploratory class missions that will take the space travellers outside the protective confines of the geomagnetic field sufficient guidelines for radiation protection are still outstanding. For a piloted Mars mission, the whole concept of radiation protection needs to be reconsidered. Since there is an increasing interest of many nations and space agencies in establishing a lunar base and lor exploring Mars by manned missions, it is both, timely and important to develop appropriate risk estimates and radiation protection guidelines which will have an influence on the design and structure of space vehicles and habitation areas of the extraterrestrial settlements. This book is the result of a multidisciplinary effort to assess the state of art in our knowledge on the radiation situation during deep space missions and on the impact of this complex radiation environment on the space traveller. It comprises the lectures by the faculty members as well as short contributions by the students given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute "Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation" held in Armacao de Pera, Portugal, 12-23 October, 1991.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172446
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Radiation and the International Space Station written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-02-25 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major objective of the International Space Station is learning how to cope with the inherent risks of human spaceflightâ€"how to live and work in space for extended periods. The construction of the station itself provides the first opportunity for doing so. Prominent among the challenges associated with ISS construction is the large amount of time that astronauts will be spending doing extravehicular activity (EVA), or "space walks." EVAs from the space shuttle have been extraordinarily successful, most notably the on-orbit repair of the Hubble Space Telescope. But the number of hours of EVA for ISS construction exceeds that of the Hubble repair mission by orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the ISS orbit has nearly twice the inclination to Earth's equator as Hubble's orbit, so it spends part of every 90-minute circumnavigation at high latitudes, where Earth's magnetic field is less effective at shielding impinging radiation. This means that astronauts sweeping through these regions will be considerably more vulnerable to dangerous doses of energetic particles from a sudden solar eruption. Radiation and the International Space Station estimates that the likelihood of having a potentially dangerous solar event during an EVA is indeed very high. This report recommends steps that can be taken immediately, and over the next several years, to provide adequate warning so that the astronauts can be directed to take protective cover inside the ISS or shuttle. The near-term actions include programmatic and operational ways to take advantage of the multiagency assets that currently monitor and forecast space weather, and ways to improve the in situ measurements and the predictive power of current models.
