Radiation Heat Transfer Modelling with Computational Fluid Dynamics

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000567060
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Radiation Heat Transfer Modelling with Computational Fluid Dynamics by : Yehuda Sinai

Download or read book Radiation Heat Transfer Modelling with Computational Fluid Dynamics written by Yehuda Sinai and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-06-21 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a preliminary reference for the principles of thermal radiation and its modelling in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Radiation Heat Transfer Modelling with Computational Fluid Dynamics covers strategies and processes for synthesizing radiation with CFD setups, computational techniques for solving the radiative transfer equation, the strengths and weaknesses thereof, boundary and initial conditions and relevant guidelines. Describing the strategic planning of a typical project, the book includes the spectroscopic properties of gases, some particulates and porous media. FEATURES Fills a gap between existing CFD and thermal radiation textbooks and elaborates on some aspects of user manuals. Aims at (1) CFD practitioners who are newcomers to thermal radiation and are looking for a preliminary introduction thereon and (2) modellers familiar with thermal radiation looking for a precursory introduction to CFD. The book is tilted somewhat towards the first group. Provides guidelines for choosing the right model, the strategic planning of the modelling and its implementation. Outlines the pitfalls of some solution techniques. Describes how radiation is included in the variety of boundary condition types offered by CFD codes. Helps to develop the practical skills required to plan, implement and interpret thermal radiation within the typical CFD code. Addresses a wide variety of physical circumstances in which thermal radiation plays a role. Offers ample references for readers searching for additional details. Includes several examples of practical applications, including fire, a utility boiler and car headlights in cold environments. This book is intended for researchers and professionals who wish to simulate problems that involve fluid flow and heat transfer with thermal radiation.

Computational Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498703755
Total Pages : 696 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer by : Pradip Majumdar

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer written by Pradip Majumdar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-29 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a thorough understanding of fluid dynamics and heat and mass transfer. The Second Edition contains new chapters on mesh generation and computational modeling of turbulent flow. Combining theory and practice in classic problems and computer code, the text includes numerous worked-out examples. Students will be able to develop computational analysis models for complex problems more efficiently using commercial codes such as ANSYS, STAR CCM+, and COMSOL. With detailed explanations on how to implement computational methodology into computer code, students will be able to solve complex problems on their own and develop their own customized simulation models, including problems in heat transfer, mass transfer, and fluid flows. These problems are solved and illustrated in step-by-step derivations and figures. FEATURES Provides unified coverage of computational heat transfer and fluid dynamics Covers basic concepts and then applies computational methods for problem analysis and solution Covers most common higher-order time-approximation schemes Covers most common and advanced linear solvers Contains new chapters on mesh generation and computer modeling of turbulent flow Computational Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer, Second Edition, is valuable to engineering instructors and students taking courses in computational heat transfer and computational fluid dynamics.

Modeling and Simulation of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1003855660
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling and Simulation of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer by : Reshu Gupta

Download or read book Modeling and Simulation of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer written by Reshu Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-03-14 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the rapidly advancing modern world, scientific and technological understanding and innovation are reaching new heights. Computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer have emerged as powerful tools, playing a pivotal role in the analysis and design of complex engineering problems and processes. With the ability to mathematically model various engineering phenomena, these computational tools offer a deeper understanding of intricate dynamics before the physical prototype is created. Widely employed as simulation tools, computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer codes enable the virtual or digital prototype development of products and devices involving complex transport and multiphasic phenomena. They have become an indispensable element of the agile product development environment across diverse sectors of manufacturing, facilitating accelerated product development cycles. Key features of this book: Covers the analysis of advanced thermal engineering systems Explores the simulation of various fluids with slip effect Applies entropy and optimization techniques to thermal engineering systems Discusses heat and mass transfer phenomena Explores fluid flow and heat transfer in porous media Captures recent developments in analytical and computational methods used to investigate the complex mathematical models of fluid dynamics Covers the application of mathematical and computational modeling techniques to fluid flow problems in various geometries Modeling and Simulation of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer delves into the fascinating world of fluid dynamics and heat transfer modeling, presenting an extensive exploration of these subjects. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and students seeking to comprehend and apply numerical methods and computational tools in fluid dynamics and heat transfer problems.

Computational Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer

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Publisher : WIT Press
ISBN 13 : 1845641442
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer by : Ryoichi Amano

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer written by Ryoichi Amano and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat transfer and fluid flow issues are of great significance and this state-of-the-art edited book with reference to new and innovative numerical methods will make a contribution for researchers in academia and research organizations, as well as industrial scientists and college students. The book provides comprehensive chapters on research and developments in emerging topics in computational methods, e.g., the finite volume method, finite element method as well as turbulent flow computational methods. Fundamentals of the numerical methods, comparison of various higher-order schemes for convection-diffusion terms, turbulence modeling, the pressure-velocity coupling, mesh generation and the handling of arbitrary geometries are presented. Results from engineering applications are provided. Chapters have been co-authored by eminent researchers.

Computational Fluid Dynamics

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Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0081012446
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Fluid Dynamics by : Jiyuan Tu

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics written by Jiyuan Tu and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2018-01-26 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Fluid Dynamics: A Practical Approach, Third Edition, is an introduction to CFD fundamentals and commercial CFD software to solve engineering problems. The book is designed for a wide variety of engineering students new to CFD, and for practicing engineers learning CFD for the first time. Combining an appropriate level of mathematical background, worked examples, computer screen shots, and step-by-step processes, this book walks the reader through modeling and computing, as well as interpreting CFD results. This new edition has been updated throughout, with new content and improved figures, examples and problems. Includes a new chapter on practical guidelines for mesh generation Provides full coverage of high-pressure fluid dynamics and the meshless approach to provide a broader overview of the application areas where CFD can be used Includes online resources with a new bonus chapter featuring detailed case studies and the latest developments in CFD

Computational Fluid Dynamics in Fire Engineering

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Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0080570038
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Fluid Dynamics in Fire Engineering by : Guan Heng Yeoh

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics in Fire Engineering written by Guan Heng Yeoh and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2009-04-20 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fire and combustion presents a significant engineering challenge to mechanical, civil and dedicated fire engineers, as well as specialists in the process and chemical, safety, buildings and structural fields. We are reminded of the tragic outcomes of ‘untenable’ fire disasters such as at King’s Cross underground station or Switzerland’s St Gotthard tunnel. In these and many other cases, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is at the forefront of active research into unravelling the probable causes of fires and helping to design structures and systems to ensure that they are less likely in the future. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is routinely used as an analysis tool in fire and combustion engineering as it possesses the ability to handle the complex geometries and characteristics of combustion and fire. This book shows engineering students and professionals how to understand and use this powerful tool in the study of combustion processes, and in the engineering of safer or more fire resistant (or conversely, more fire-efficient) structures. No other book is dedicated to computer-based fire dynamics tools and systems. It is supported by a rigorous pedagogy, including worked examples to illustrate the capabilities of different models, an introduction to the essential aspects of fire physics, examination and self-test exercises, fully worked solutions and a suite of accompanying software for use in industry standard modeling systems. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is widely used in engineering analysis; this is the only book dedicated to CFD modeling analysis in fire and combustion engineering Strong pedagogic features mean this book can be used as a text for graduate level mechanical, civil, structural and fire engineering courses, while its coverage of the latest techniques and industry standard software make it an important reference for researchers and professional engineers in the mechanical and structural sectors, and by fire engineers, safety consultants and regulators Strong author team (CUHK is a recognized centre of excellence in fire eng) deliver an expert package for students and professionals, showing both theory and applications. Accompanied by CFD modeling code and ready to use simulations to run in industry-standard ANSYS-CFX and Fluent software

Computational Fluid Dynamics in Industrial Combustion

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849320002
Total Pages : 650 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Fluid Dynamics in Industrial Combustion by : Charles E. Baukal, Jr.

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics in Industrial Combustion written by Charles E. Baukal, Jr. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-10-26 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although many books have been written on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and many written on combustion, most contain very limited coverage of the combination of CFD and industrial combustion. Furthermore, most of these books are written at an advanced academic level, emphasize theory over practice, and provide little help to engineers who need to use CFD for combustion modeling. Computational Fluid Dynamics in Industrial Combustion fills this gap in the literature. Focusing on topics of interest to the practicing engineer, it codifies the many relevant books, papers, and reports written on this combined subject into a single, coherent reference. It looks at each topic from a somewhat narrow perspective to see how that topic affects modeling in industrial combustion. The editor and his team of expert authors address these topics within three main sections: Modeling Techniques-The basics of CFD modeling in combustion Industrial Applications-Specific applications of CFD in the steel, aluminum, glass, gas turbine, and petrochemical industries Advanced Techniques-Subjects rarely addressed in other texts, including design optimization, simulation, and visualization Rapid increases in computing power and significant advances in commercial CFD codes have led to a tremendous increase in the application of CFD to industrial combustion. Thorough and clearly representing the techniques and issues confronted in industry, Computational Fluid Dynamics in Industrial Combustion will help bring you quickly up to date on current methods and gain the ability to set up and solve the various types of problems you will encounter.

Two-Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics and Conduction Simulations of Heat Transfer in Horizontal Window Frames with Internal Cavities

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Book Synopsis Two-Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics and Conduction Simulations of Heat Transfer in Horizontal Window Frames with Internal Cavities by :

Download or read book Two-Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics and Conduction Simulations of Heat Transfer in Horizontal Window Frames with Internal Cavities written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assesses the accuracy of the simplified frame cavity conduction/convection and radiation models presented in ISO 15099 and used in software for rating and labeling window products. Temperatures and U-factors for typical horizontal window frames with internal cavities are compared; results from Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations with detailed radiation modeling are used as a reference. Four different frames were studied. Two were made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and two of aluminum. For each frame, six different simulations were performed, two with a CFD code and four with a building-component thermal-simulation tool using the Finite Element Method (FEM). This FEM tool addresses convection using correlations from ISO 15099; it addressed radiation with either correlations from ISO 15099 or with a detailed, view-factor-based radiation model. Calculations were performed using the CFD code with and without fluid flow in the window frame cavities; the calculations without fluid flow were performed to verify that the CFD code and the building-component thermal-simulation tool produced consistent results. With the FEM-code, the practice of subdividing small frame cavities was examined, in some cases not subdividing, in some cases subdividing cavities with interconnections smaller than five millimeters (mm) (ISO 15099) and in some cases subdividing cavities with interconnections smaller than seven mm (a breakpoint that has been suggested in other studies). For the various frames, the calculated U-factors were found to be quite comparable (the maximum difference between the reference CFD simulation and the other simulations was found to be 13.2 percent). A maximum difference of 8.5 percent was found between the CFD simulation and the FEM simulation using ISO 15099 procedures. The ISO 15099 correlation works best for frames with high U-factors. For more efficient frames, the relative differences among various simulations are larger. Temperature was also compared, at selected locations on the frames. Small differences was found in the results from model to model. Finally, the effectiveness of the ISO cavity radiation algorithms was examined by comparing results from these algorithms to detailed radiation calculations (from both programs). Our results suggest that improvements in cavity heat transfer calculations can be obtained by using detailed radiation modeling (i.e. view-factor or ray-tracing models), and that incorporation of these strategies may be more important for improving the accuracy of results than the use of CFD modeling for horizontal cavities.

CFD Prediction of Coupled Radiation Heat Transfer and Soot Production in Turbulent Flames

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (656 download)

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Book Synopsis CFD Prediction of Coupled Radiation Heat Transfer and Soot Production in Turbulent Flames by :

Download or read book CFD Prediction of Coupled Radiation Heat Transfer and Soot Production in Turbulent Flames written by and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanisms governing the formation and destruction of soot in turbulent combustion are intimately coupled to thermal radiation due to the strong dependence of sooting processes and radiative loss on temperature. Detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions of the radiative and soot output from turbulent non-premixed flames are normally performed by parabolic algorithms. However, the modelling of combustion systems, such as furnaces and unwanted enclosure fires, often require a fully elliptic description of the flow field and its related physical phenomena. Thus, this thesis investigates the intimate coupling between radiative energy exchange and the mechanisms governing soot formation and destruction within a three-dimensional, general curvilinear CFD code. Thermal radiation is modelled by the discrete transfer radiation model (DTRM). Special emphasis is given to approximate solutions to the radiative transfer equation encompassing various models for the radiative properties of gases and soot. A new algorithm is presented, entitled the differential total absorptivity (DTA) solution, which, unlike alternative solutions, incorporates the source temperature dependence of absorption. Additionally, a weighted sum of gray gases (WSGG) solution is described which includes the treatment of gray boundaries. Whilst the DTA solution is particularly recommended for systems comprising large temperature differences, the WSGG solution is deemed most appropriate for numerical simulation of lower temperature diffusion flames, due to its significant time advantage. The coupling between radiative loss and soot concentration is investigated via a multiple laminar flamelet concept applied within the CFD simulation of confined turbulent diffusion flames burning methane in air at 1 and 3 atm. Flamelet families are employed relating individual sooting mechanisms to the level of radiative loss, which is evaluated by the DTRM formulated for emitting-absorbing mixtures of soot,

Computational Fluid Dynamics in Renewable Energy Technologies

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000961184
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Fluid Dynamics in Renewable Energy Technologies by : Mateusz Szubel

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics in Renewable Energy Technologies written by Mateusz Szubel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-10-02 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides practical examples on application of numerical methods in analysis of renewable energy processes Includes introduction to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for practitioners Explores selected aspects of the methodology used in CFD simulations of renewable energy technologies Discusses tips and hints for efficient use of CFD codes functionalities Contains additional exercise devoted to geothermal systems

A Finite-volume Method for Radiation Heat Transfer

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis A Finite-volume Method for Radiation Heat Transfer by : John C. Chai

Download or read book A Finite-volume Method for Radiation Heat Transfer written by John C. Chai and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Computational Fluid Dynamics

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Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0080982433
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Fluid Dynamics by : Jiyuan Tu

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics written by Jiyuan Tu and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2012-11-07 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to CFD fundamentals and using commercial CFD software to solve engineering problems, designed for the wide variety of engineering students new to CFD, and for practicing engineers learning CFD for the first time. Combining an appropriate level of mathematical background, worked examples, computer screen shots, and step by step processes, this book walks the reader through modeling and computing, as well as interpreting CFD results. The first book in the field aimed at CFD users rather than developers. New to this edition: A more comprehensive coverage of CFD techniques including discretisation via finite element and spectral element as well as finite difference and finite volume methods and multigrid method. Coverage of different approaches to CFD grid generation in order to closely match how CFD meshing is being used in industry. Additional coverage of high-pressure fluid dynamics and meshless approach to provide a broader overview of the application areas where CFD can be used. 20% new content .

Computational Fluid Dynamics and Energy Modelling in Buildings

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119743532
Total Pages : 629 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Fluid Dynamics and Energy Modelling in Buildings by : Parham A. Mirzaei

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics and Energy Modelling in Buildings written by Parham A. Mirzaei and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-11-04 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS AND ENERGY MODELLING IN BUILDINGS A Comprehensive Overview of the Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transport Simulation and Energy Performance in Buildings In the first part of Computational Fluid Dynamics and Energy Modelling in Buildings: Fundamentals and Applications, the author explains the fundamentals of fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and heat transfer, with a specific focus on their application in buildings. This background knowledge sets the scene to further model heat and mass transport in buildings, with explanations of commonly applied simplifications and assumptions. In the second part, the author elaborates how the fundamentals explained in part 1 can be used to model energy flow in buildings, which is the basis of all commercial and educational building energy simulation tools. An innovative illustrative nodal network concept is introduced to help readers comprehend the basics of conservation laws in buildings. The application of numerical techniques to form dynamic simulation tools are then introduced. In general, understanding these techniques will help readers to identify and justify their choices when working with building energy simulation tools, rather than using default settings. Detailed airflow information in buildings cannot be obtained in building energy simulation techniques. Therefore, part three is focused on introducing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as a detailed modelling technique for airflow in buildings. This part starts with an introduction to the fundamentals of the finite volume method used to solve the governing fluid equations and the related challenges and considerations are discussed. The last chapter of this part covers the solutions to some practical problems of airflow within and around buildings. The key aspect of Computational Fluid Dynamics and Energy Modelling in Buildings: Fundamentals and Applications is that it is tailored for audiences without extensive past experience of numerical methods. Undergraduate or graduate students in architecture, urban planning, geography, architectural engineering, and other engineering fields, along with building performance and simulation professionals, can use this book to gain additional clarity on the topics of building energy simulation and computational fluid dynamics.

Concentrating Solar Thermal Technologies

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319458833
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Concentrating Solar Thermal Technologies by : Maria Isabel Roldán Serrano

Download or read book Concentrating Solar Thermal Technologies written by Maria Isabel Roldán Serrano and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-08 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the evaluation and optimization of key elements in concentrating solar thermal (CST) technologies, such as solar receivers and working fluids, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. It discusses both general and specific aspects, explaining the methodology used to analyze and evaluate the influence of different parameters on the facility performance. This information provides the basis for optimizing design and operating conditions in CST systems.

Modelling Methods for Energy in Buildings

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1405153008
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Modelling Methods for Energy in Buildings by : Chris Underwood

Download or read book Modelling Methods for Energy in Buildings written by Chris Underwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change mitigation and sustainable practices are now at the top of political and technical agendas. Environmental system modelling provides a way of appraising options and this book will make a significant contribution to the uptake of such systems. It provides knowledge of the principles involved in modelling systems, builds confidence amongst designers and offers a broad perspective of the potential of these new technologies. The aim of the book is to provide an understanding of the concepts and principles behind predictive modelling methods; review progress in the development of the modelling software available; and explore modelling in building design through international case studies based on real design problems.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Applications in Food Processing

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461479908
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Fluid Dynamics Applications in Food Processing by : C. Anandharamakrishnan

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics Applications in Food Processing written by C. Anandharamakrishnan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-13 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been applied extensively to great benefit in the food processing sector. Its numerous applications include: predicting the gas flow pattern and particle histories, such as temperature, velocity, residence time, and impact position during spray drying; modeling of ovens to provide information about temperature and airflow pattern throughout the baking chamber to enhance heat transfer and in turn final product quality; designing hybrid heating ovens, such as microwave-infrared, infrared-electrical or microwave-electrical ovens for rapid baking; model the dynamics of gastrointestinal contents during digestion based on the motor response of the GI tract and the physicochemical properties of luminal contents; retort processing of canned solid and liquid foods for understanding and optimization of the heat transfer processes. This Brief will recapitulate the various applications of CFD modeling, discuss the recent developments in this field, and identify the strengths and weaknesses of CFD when applied in the food industry. ​

Two-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics and Conduction Simulations of Heat Transfer in Window Frames with Internal Cavities - Part 1

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis Two-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics and Conduction Simulations of Heat Transfer in Window Frames with Internal Cavities - Part 1 by : Dariush Arasteh

Download or read book Two-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics and Conduction Simulations of Heat Transfer in Window Frames with Internal Cavities - Part 1 written by Dariush Arasteh and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accurately analyzing heat transfer in window frame cavities is essential for developing and characterizing the performance of highly insulating window products. Window frame thermal performance strongly influences overall product thermal performance because framing materials generally perform much more poorly than glazing materials. This paper uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling to assess the accuracy of the simplified frame cavity conduction/convection models presented in ISO 15099 and used in software for rating and labeling window products. (We do not address radiation heat-transfer effects.) We examine three representative complex cavity cross-section profiles with varying dimensions and aspect ratios. Our results support the ISO 15099 rule that complex cavities with small throats should be subdivided; however, our data suggest that cavities with throats smaller than seven millimeters (mm) should be subdivided, in contrast to the ISO 15099 rule, which places the break point at five mm. The agreement between CFD modeling results and the results of the simplified models is moderate. The differences in results may be a result of the underlying ISO correlations being based on studies where cavity height/length (H/L) aspect ratios were smaller than 0.5 and greater than five (with linear interpolation assumed in between). The results presented here are for horizontal frame members because convection in vertical jambs involves very different aspect ratios that require three-dimensional CFD simulations. Ongoing work focuses on quantifying the exact effect on window thermal performance indicators of using the ISO 15099 approximations in typical real window frames.