Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Race Social Identity And Their Influence On Perceptions Of Same Race And Different Race Athletes
Download Race Social Identity And Their Influence On Perceptions Of Same Race And Different Race Athletes full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Race Social Identity And Their Influence On Perceptions Of Same Race And Different Race Athletes ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Race, Social Identity and Their Influence on Perceptions of Same-race and Different-race Athletes by : Joshua Brandon Dickhaus
Download or read book Race, Social Identity and Their Influence on Perceptions of Same-race and Different-race Athletes written by Joshua Brandon Dickhaus and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated race, source credibility, racial identity, sports identity, and sports involvement. Additionally, this study analyzed subjects' perceptions of racism, the role race and racial identity have on source credibility, and the role that sports identity and involvement have in perceptions of racism and source credibility. The theoretical constructs used for this project centered social identity theory, source credibility, and racial differences (between Blacks and Whites). Social identity theory was constructed to understand how people form a social identity, what elements are important in social identity, and how the salience of an individual's social identity can lead to discrimination against other people. Source credibility is defined as a person's believability. The most significant factor in a person's credibility is his/her perceived character, which in its most basic form means is this a good person or a bad person. In terms of racial differences, research has shown that Black and White people interpret issues differently at almost every level. This study used four controversial athletes (two White, two Black) in two different survey sets to analyze subject differences in perceptions of the credibility based on race, racial identity, and sports involvement. Results indicated significant racial differences in source credibility ratings of the athletes in this project. A positive relationship was also found between the racial identity of subjects and hostility towards the opposite race. Also, a positive relationship was found for sports involvement and subjects' reported knowledge of the athletes used in this study. Finally, sports identity was found to significantly impact subject perceptions of racism.
Book Synopsis Visual Framing, Racial Identity and Perceived Femininity Impacts on Public Perceptions of Transgressive Female Athletes by : Justin Caleb Walters
Download or read book Visual Framing, Racial Identity and Perceived Femininity Impacts on Public Perceptions of Transgressive Female Athletes written by Justin Caleb Walters and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While issues surrounding the race and sex of athletes, as well as the transgressive acts of athletes, are frequent mass media research topics and are fervently discussed in sports media, the recent intersection of the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement and subsequent high-profile protests by U.S. athletes has focused attention toward enduring issues of racial concern regarding athletes and sports fans. This research experimentally investigated issues surrounding American spectators' racial attitudes, the spectator's sex, an athlete's race and the athlete's sex to determine if race and the subject's perceived femininity impact perceptions of female athletes committing transgressive acts. Theory bases for this research include Visual Framing Theory, Social Identity Theory, Self-categorization Theory and mass media stereotyping of Blacks. This research reports the results of a 2 (race: White female athlete/Black female athlete) x 2 (visual frame: athlete with tattoos/athlete without tattoos) experiment to investigate public responses to a female athlete accused of using steroids. A total of 263 female participants read a simulated media report, then provided responses concerning an appropriate punishment for the athlete. Each participant also reported her personal strength of racial identity using the Racial Identity Attitude Scale (RIAS) as well as her perceived level of femininity using the Femininity Ideology Scale (FIS). These results were used as control variables in subsequent statistical analyses. Results were inconclusive regarding strength of racial identity or perceived femininity as indicators of punishment length for the transgressive female athletes. Though results were not statistically significant, the data does trend in the hypothesized direction.
Book Synopsis Blackballed by : Stephen Wesley Rush
Download or read book Blackballed written by Stephen Wesley Rush and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spectacle of sports in America has consistently been shown to be a financial powerhouse (PwC, 2019). However, when there is a huge potential for financial gain, there also comes the risk of a huge potential financial loss. When athletes commit an act that is deemed offensive or inappropriate, there is the possibility to incur millions of dollars in lost revenue (Rishe, 2016). So, understanding the most successful way at safeguarding or repairing the image of an athlete is important. However, the image repair process is not as simple as it may seem. Therefore, this dissertation empirically investigated how one's own identity influenced their reactions to the athlete image repair process. Using both Social Identity Theory and Image Repair Theory, this study explored how better understanding the identity of an audience could also lead to better understanding of the success of image repair strategies. A national sample of 368 individuals participated in an online posttest only experiment. During the experiment, participants were randomly assigned to view one of eight message conditions. Following this, participants responded to a series of questions assessing account acceptability, athlete likeability, likelihood to repeat the act, willingness to share negative word of mouth (nWOM), role model perceptions, and supportive behavior of the athlete. Results supported previous IRT literature in showing the mortification strategy to be the most successful strategy at repairing an athlete's image, Black participants actually rated athletes that used the denial strategy to be more likeable. Race was also seen to be a strong indicator for how each race condition viewed the athlete in terms of likelihood to repeat the act with White participants believing that the athlete in question was more likely to repeat the act than Black participants or Other participants. White participants also showed slight in-group favoritism towards the White athlete. Another interesting finding was that White participants were more likely to share negative word of mouth about a White athlete regardless of response strategy used and regardless of gender. When looking at how gender impacted the image repair process, it was found that overall, male participants were more likely to accept the account of female athletes, consider female athletes to be more likeable than the male athletes, and believe female athletes were less likely to recommit the crime.
Book Synopsis Race, Ethnicity, and Leisure by : Monika Stodolska
Download or read book Race, Ethnicity, and Leisure written by Monika Stodolska and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2013-09-04 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Race, Ethnicity, and Leisure: Perspectives on Research, Theory, and Practice provides an overview of the current theories and practices related to minority leisure and reviews numerous issues related to these diverse groups’ leisure, including needs and motivations, constraints, and discrimination. World-renowned researchers synthesize research on race and ethnicity, explain how demographics will affect leisure behavior in the 21st century, and explain the leisure behavior of minorities.
Book Synopsis Out of Bounds by : Lori Latrice Martin
Download or read book Out of Bounds written by Lori Latrice Martin and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays highlights the controversies surrounding racism in sports and African American athletes, examining the racial discrimination that exists in one of the most public arenas in the 21st century. Despite increasing diversity in the American population, race and racial bias continue to be significant issues in the United States. Sports—one of the most visible and important subsets of American culture—directly reflect our society's beliefs about race. This book examines racial controversy and conflict in various sports in the United States in both previous eras as well as the current "Age of Obama." The essays in the work explain how racial ideologies are created and recreated in all areas of public life, including the world of sports. The authors address a wide range of sports, including ones where racial minorities are in the numerical minority, such as hockey. Specific topics covered include the devaluation of black athletes, racism in Major League Baseball, and the treatment of black female athletes.
Book Synopsis Visual Framing and Social Identity Theory Impacts on Public Perceptions of Transgressive Female Athletes by : Dylan Teal
Download or read book Visual Framing and Social Identity Theory Impacts on Public Perceptions of Transgressive Female Athletes written by Dylan Teal and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. sports pages, sports-dedicated websites, sports-talk radio and sports television often seem like police blotters. Scores, game reports and athlete profiles are featured alongside reports of athletes committing domestic abuse, drug arrests, sex assaults and many other socially unacceptable behaviors. Sports managers and public relations theorists have developed various theories about how athletes and/or teams should respond to these events. However, female athletes are not often researched in this area, and the general public's response is often overlooked. This research reports the results of a 2 (athlete race: Black or White) x 2 (athlete appearance: threatening or non-threatening) experiment incorporating Visual Framing Theory, Social Identity Theory, Social Categorization Theory and mass media stereotyping to investigate public responses to a female athlete accused of using steroids. A total of 382 participants read a simulated media report, then provided responses concerning an appropriate punishment for the athlete, as well as the likelihood of the athlete maintaining a favorable public image. Each participant also reported his/her personal strength of racial identity. Racial identity was used as a control variable in subsequent statistical analyses. Results indicate that participnats reporting high levels of personal racial identity recommend significantly harsher punishments to athletes of other races, especially if the athlete appears visually threatening. Interaction effects were also observed regarding recommended punishment based upon the participant's personal racial identity and the athlete's appearance. Few significant results were observed regarding the athlete's post-transgression image. Some sex effects were also observed, with female participants differing significantly from male participants. White female participants suggested a significantly longer mean suspension for the white female athlete with tattoos.
Book Synopsis Critical Race Theory: Black Athletic Sporting Experiences in the United States by : Billy J. Hawkins
Download or read book Critical Race Theory: Black Athletic Sporting Experiences in the United States written by Billy J. Hawkins and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-29 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the role of race in athletic programs in the United States. Intercollegiate athletics remains a contested terrain where race and racism are critical issues often absent in the public discourse. Recently, the economic motives of intercollegiate athletic programs and academic indiscretions have unveiled behaviors that stand to tarnish the images of institutions of higher education and reinforce racial stereotypes about the intellectual inabilities of Black males. Through the lens of Critical Race Theory (CRT), this volume analyzes sport as the platform that reflects and reinforces ideas about race within American culture, as well as the platform where resistance is forged against dominant racial ideologies.
Book Synopsis Identity and African American Men by : Kenneth Maurice Tyler
Download or read book Identity and African American Men written by Kenneth Maurice Tyler and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2014-07-16 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kenneth Maurice Tyler identifies and describes the multiple identity components of young African American men using theoretical and empirical literatures from education and the social sciences. Identity and African American Men: Exploring the Content of Our Characterization provides a comprehensive, research-based account of the ideologies and mindsets of many young African American men. The book critically discusses eight identity components that young African American men begin to negotiate during their adolescent years. These identity components include gender, sexual, racial, ethnic, cultural, socioeconomic, athletic, and academic identity. Identity and African American Men makes a unique contribution to the literature by offering a conceptual framework that identifies the multiple identity components possessed by young African American men. Such a framework expands the conversation about African American men and their behaviors by broadening the understanding of who these individuals are, the identities they possess, and how their identity-based attitudes and orientations may influence the behaviors exhibited by them.
Book Synopsis Sport and the Color Line by : Patrick B. Miller
Download or read book Sport and the Color Line written by Patrick B. Miller and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays presented in this text examine the complexity of black American sports culture, from the organization of semi-pro baseball and athletic programs at historically black colleges and universities, to the careers of individual stars such as Jack Johnson and Joe Louis.
Book Synopsis Out of Bounds by : Lori Latrice Martin
Download or read book Out of Bounds written by Lori Latrice Martin and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays highlights the controversies surrounding racism in sports and African American athletes, examining the racial discrimination that exists in one of the most public arenas in the 21st century. Despite increasing diversity in the American population, race and racial bias continue to be significant issues in the United States. Sports—one of the most visible and important subsets of American culture—directly reflect our society's beliefs about race. This book examines racial controversy and conflict in various sports in the United States in both previous eras as well as the current "Age of Obama." The essays in the work explain how racial ideologies are created and recreated in all areas of public life, including the world of sports. The authors address a wide range of sports, including ones where racial minorities are in the numerical minority, such as hockey. Specific topics covered include the devaluation of black athletes, racism in Major League Baseball, and the treatment of black female athletes.
Book Synopsis Communication and Sport by : Andrew C. Billings
Download or read book Communication and Sport written by Andrew C. Billings and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2014-03-24 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of Communication and Sport: Surveying the Field offers the most comprehensive and diverse approach to the study of communication and sport available at the undergraduate level. Newly expanded to incorporate the latest topics and perspectives in the field, the New Edition examines a wide array of topics to help readers understand important issues such as sports media, rhetoric, culture, and organizations from both micro- and macro- perspectives. Everything from youth to amateur to professional sports is addressed in terms of mythology, community, and identity; issues such as fan cultures, racial identity and gender in sports media, politics and nationality in sports, and sports and religion are explored in depth, and provide useful, applied insight for readers. Practical and relevant, epistemologically diverse, and theoretically grounded, the Second Edition of Billings, Butterworth, and Turman’s text keeps readers on the cutting-edge.
Book Synopsis Beyond the Cheers by : C. Richard King
Download or read book Beyond the Cheers written by C. Richard King and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2001-05-31 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on half-time performances, commercialized stagings, media coverage, public panics, and political protests, Beyond the Cheers offers an ethnography, history, and social critique of racial spectacles in college sport. King and Springwood argue that collegiate revenue producing sports are created as a spectacle, driven by a range of contradictory meanings and exploitative practices. While Native Americans are viewed largely as empty or distorted images and African Americans are seen as both shining stars and 'troubled delinquents,' White Americans remain constant as spectators, coaches, administrators, journalists, and athletes, producing and consuming college sport, performing and policing, but seemingly unmarked as racial subjects. In consuming these spectacles, American sports fans learn to embrace inflated, contradictory, and distorted renderings of racial difference and the history of race relations in America.
Book Synopsis Darwin's Athletes by : John Hoberman
Download or read book Darwin's Athletes written by John Hoberman and published by HMH. This book was released on 1997-11-03 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A “provocative, disturbing, important” look at how society’s obsession with athletic achievement undermines African Americans (The New York Times). Very few pastimes in America cross racial, regional, cultural, and economic boundaries the way sports do. From the near-religious respect for Sunday Night Football to obsessions with stars like Tiger Woods, Serena Williams, and Michael Jordan, sports are as much a part of our national DNA as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. But hidden within this reverence—shared by the media, corporate America, even the athletes themselves—is a dark narrative of division, social pathology, and racism. In Darwin’s Athletes, John Hoberman takes a controversial look at the profound and disturbing effect that the worship of sports, and specifically of black players, has on national race relations. From exposing the perpetuation of stereotypes of African American violence and criminality to examining the effect that athletic dominance has on perceptions of intelligence to delving into misconceptions of racial biology, Hoberman tackles difficult questions about the sometimes subtle ways that bigotry can be reinforced, and the nature of discrimination. An important discussion on sports, cultural attitudes, and dangerous prejudices, Darwin’s Athletes is a “provocative book” that serves as required reading in the ongoing debate of America’s racial divide (Publishers Weekly).
Book Synopsis Racial Identity Theory by : Chalmer E. Thompson
Download or read book Racial Identity Theory written by Chalmer E. Thompson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racial identity theories have been in the psychological literature for nearly thirty years. Unlike most references to racial identity, however, Thompson and Carter demonstrate the value of integrating RACE and IDENTITY as systematic components of human functioning. The editors and their contributors show how the infusion of racial identity theory with other psychological models can successfully yield more holistic considerations of client functioning and well-being. Fully respecting the mutual influence of personal and environmental factors to explanations of individual and group functioning, they apply complex theoretical notions to real-life cases in psychological practice. These authors contend that race is a pervasive and formidable force in society that affects the development and functioning of individuals and groups. In a recursive fashion, individuals and groups influence and, indeed, nurture the notion of race and societal racism. Arguing that mental health practitioners are in key, influential positions to pierce this cycle, the authors provide evidence of how meaningful change can occur when racial identity theory is integrated into interventions that attempt to diminish the distress people experience in their lives. The interventions illustrated in this volume are applied in various contexts, including psychotherapy and counseling, supervision, family therapy, support groups, and organizational and institutional environments. This book can serve the needs and interests of advanced-level students and professionals in all mental health fields, as well as researchers and scholars in such disciplines as organizational management and forensic psychology. It can also be of value to anyone interested in the systematic implementation of strategies to overcome problems of race.
Book Synopsis "Sometimes We are Smart and Athletic" by :
Download or read book "Sometimes We are Smart and Athletic" written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The historical, socio-cultural, and psychological construction of the African American female identity is one which has endured a 250-year legacy of slavery, discrimination, and oppression. The advent of the Civil Rights and Feminist movements of the 1960s and 1970s changed the lives of all women forever, especially the lives of women of color. Despite the progress of these movements there remains both overt and covert sexism and racism within American society, the realm of athletics being one of many of these domains. Therefore, eight Division I African American female athletes were interviewed regarding their perceptions of media portrayals of themselves and other African American female athletes against their own identity constructions using a semi-structured interview guide and a text analysis of campus media guides. The rationale for interviewing African American female athletes was based on previous research by Crenshaw (1993) which suggested that women of color are frequently marginalized and their perceptions and experiences framed in terms of singular exclusion, that of woman or of person of color. As stated by Crenshaw (1993), "racism and sexism [intersect] and factor into Black women's lives in ways that cannot be captured wholly by looking at the race or gender dimensions of those experience separately" (p.1244). Findings suggested that gender and athletic identities were far more salient for African American female athletes than race. Surprisingly, it was also found that an additional aspect of identity was important in determining whether African American female athletes drew empowerment or disempowerment from their athletic experiences, and that was the various ways coaches and institutions construct identities for their athletes. Future research should explore these identity constructions and the impact they have on African American female athletes in more depth to ensure all athletes leave with positive experiences that reaffirm their senses of self and lead toward empowerment.
Book Synopsis White Sports/Black Sports by : Lori Latrice Martin
Download or read book White Sports/Black Sports written by Lori Latrice Martin and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2015-03-03 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The racial makeup of sports in the United States serves as a classic example of racism in the 21st century. This book examines the racial disparities in sports and the continuing significance of race in 21st-century America, debunking the myth of a "postracial society." Sports can serve as an inspirational example of what can be achieved through hard work and perseverance, regardless of one's race. However, there is plenty of evidence that race still plays a major role in sports, and that sports are key agents of racial socialization. White Sports/Black Sports: Racial Disparities in Athletic Programs challenges the idea that America has moved beyond racial discrimination and identifies the obvious and subtle ways in which racial identities and athletic determinism affect non-white individuals in the world of sports. Author Lori Latrice Martin gives readers a keen awareness of the issues, allowing them to see the links between sports and society as a whole and to perceive that the issues surrounding racism in sports impact people in every realm of life and are not limited to the playing field. She discusses how the media acts as an agent of racial socialization in sports, documents how historical stereotypes of minorities still exist, and looks closely at racial socialization in sports, including basketball, baseball, and football, exposing how blacks remained under-represented in most sports, especially among front office administrators, owners, coaches, and managers. This work serves undergraduate and graduate students in the social sciences to enhance their understanding of minority and majority group relationships and appeals to general readers interested in the history of race and sports in America.
Book Synopsis Mediated Football by : Jacco van Sterkenburg
Download or read book Mediated Football written by Jacco van Sterkenburg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Football has become one of the most mediated cultural practices in modern Western societies, providing players, officials and spectators with implicit and often hidden discourses about race/ethnicity, national identity and gender. This book provides new and critical insights into how mediated football as a contested cultural practice influences, and is influenced by, discourses and stereotypes about race/ethnicity, nation and gender that operate at the local, national and global level. It analyzes both contemporary media representations and the ways these representations are negotiated, interpreted and used by football media audiences. These issues are explored across all media genres (print media, television, online, social media, film, and so forth) in a multidisciplinary and cross-cultural manner, with contributions from diverse disciplines and countries. This book was originally published as a special issue of Soccer and Society.
