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Quantum Tunnelling In Condensed Media
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Book Synopsis Quantum Tunnelling in Condensed Media by : Yu. Kagan
Download or read book Quantum Tunnelling in Condensed Media written by Yu. Kagan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this book deal with of the problem of quantum tunnelling and related behavior of a microscopic or macroscopic system, which interacts strongly with an "environment" - this being some form of condensed matter. The "system" in question need not be physically distinct from its environment, but could, for example, be one particular degree of freedom on which attention is focussed, as in the case of the Josephson junction studied in several of the papers. This general problem has been studied in many hundreds, if not thousands, of articles in the literature, in contexts as diverse as biophysics and quantum cosmology. The editors have grouped together papers which are representative of the main trends in this area in the last fifteen years or so and sufficiently related in general spirit and terminology that common themes can be discerned. The contributions are primarily theoretical, but the comparison with experiment is discussed wherever possible.
Book Synopsis Quantum Theory of Tunneling by : Mohsen Razavy
Download or read book Quantum Theory of Tunneling written by Mohsen Razavy and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the theoretical foundations of quantum tunneling, stressing the basic physics underlying the applications. The topics addressed include exponential and nonexponential decay processes and the application of scattering theory to tunneling problems. In addition to the Schrdinger equation approach, the path integral, Heisenberg's equations and the phase space method are all used to study the motion of a particle under the barrier. Extensions to the multidimensional cases and tunneling of particles with internal degrees of freedom are also considered. Furthermore, recent advances concerning time delay and tunneling times and some of the problems associated with their measurement are also discussed. Finally, some examples of tunneling in atomic, molecular, nuclear and condensed matter physics are presented.
Book Synopsis Quantum Tunneling of Magnetization — QTM ’94 by : Leon Gunther
Download or read book Quantum Tunneling of Magnetization — QTM ’94 written by Leon Gunther and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first NATO Advanced Workshop on Quantum Tunneling of Magnetization (QTM) was organized and co-directed by Bernard Barbara, Leon Gunther, Nicolas Garcia, and Anthony Leggett and was held from June, 27 through July 1, 1994 in Grenoble and Chichilianne, France. These Proceedings include twenty-nine articles that represent the contributions of the participants in the Workshop. Quantum Tunneling of Magnetization is not only interesting for purely academic reasons. It was pointed out in the review article by L. Gunther in the December, 1990 issue of Physics World, that QTM may be destined to play a significant role within the next two decades in limiting the density of information storage in magnetic systems. Recent advances have indicated that this limitation may well be reached even earlier than first predicted. Furthermore, the number of people who have entered the field of study of QTM during these past few years has increased many fi)ld. The time was therefore opportune to hold a Workshop to bring together for the first time the leading researchers of QTM, both theoretical and experimental, so as to discuss the current status of the field. The most controversial issue at the time of the Workshop was how to establish r.eliable criteria for determining whether experimental results do indeed reveal manifestations of QTM. We believe that much progress was made at the Workshop on this issue.
Book Synopsis Protons And Muons In Materials Science by : E. A. Davis
Download or read book Protons And Muons In Materials Science written by E. A. Davis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-03-20 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of positive muons to simulate protons in solids is a relatively new, but already successful field of research, which exploits the unique properties of the muon. This book is a collection of papers for special issues of the Philosophical Magazine Part B and the Philosophical Magazine Transactions A, together with previously unreleased material presented at a seminar on the subject. The 30 papers here are written by an international team of experts who effectively cover both the theoretical and experimental aspects of the subject.
Book Synopsis Einstein’s Struggles with Quantum Theory by : Dipankar Home
Download or read book Einstein’s Struggles with Quantum Theory written by Dipankar Home and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-13 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an account of all aspects of Einstein’s achievements in quantum theory, his own views, and the progress his work has stimulated since his death. While some chapters use mathematics at an undergraduate physics level, a path is provided for the reader more concerned with ideas than equations, and the book will benefit to anybody interested in Einstein and his approach to the quantum.
Download or read book University Physics written by OpenStax and published by . This book was released on 2016-11-04 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: University Physics is a three-volume collection that meets the scope and sequence requirements for two- and three-semester calculus-based physics courses. Volume 1 covers mechanics, sound, oscillations, and waves. Volume 2 covers thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, and Volume 3 covers optics and modern physics. This textbook emphasizes connections between between theory and application, making physics concepts interesting and accessible to students while maintaining the mathematical rigor inherent in the subject. Frequent, strong examples focus on how to approach a problem, how to work with the equations, and how to check and generalize the result. The text and images in this textbook are grayscale.
Book Synopsis Quantum Computing in Solid State Systems by : Berardo Ruggiero
Download or read book Quantum Computing in Solid State Systems written by Berardo Ruggiero and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-30 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum Computation in Solid State Systems discusses experimental implementation of quantum computing for information processing devices; in particular observations of quantum behavior in several solid state systems are presented. The complementary theoretical contributions provide models of minimizing decoherence in the different systems. Most recent theoretical and experimental results on macroscopic quantum coherence of mesoscopic systems, as well as the realization of solid-state qubits and quantum gates are discussed. Particular attention is given to coherence effects in Josephson devices. Other solid state systems---including quantum dots, optical, ion, and spin devices---are also discussed.
Book Synopsis Macroscopic Quantum Coherence and Quantum Computing by : Dmitri V. Averin
Download or read book Macroscopic Quantum Coherence and Quantum Computing written by Dmitri V. Averin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an outgrowth of the Second International Workshop on Macroscopic Quantum Coherence and Computing held in Napoli, Italy, in June 2000. This workshop gathered a number of experts from the major Universities and Research Institutions of several countries. The choice of the location, which recognizes the role and the traditions of Naples in this field, guaranteed the participants a stimulating atmosphere. The aim of the workshop has been to report on the recent theoretical and experimental results on the macroscopic quantum coherence of macroscopic systems. Particular attention was devoted to Josephson devices. The correlation with other atomic and molecular systems, exhibiting a macroscopic quantum behaviour, was also discussed. The seminars provided both historical overview and recent theoretical ground on the topic, as well as information on new experimental results relative to the quantum computing area. The first workshop on this topic, held in Napoli in 1998, has been ennobled by important reports on observations of Macroscopic Quantum Coherence in mesoscopic systems. The current workshop proposed, among many stimulating results, the first observations of Macroscopic Quantum Coherence between macroscopically distinct fluxoid states in rf SQUIDs, 20 years after the Leggett's proposal to experimentally test the quantum behavior of macroscopic systems. Reports on observations of quantum behaviour in molecular and magnetic systems, small Josephson devices, quantum dots have also been particularly stimulating in view of the realization of several possible q-bits.
Book Synopsis Open Quantum Systems by : Subhashish Banerjee
Download or read book Open Quantum Systems written by Subhashish Banerjee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the elementary ideas and tools needed for open quantum systems in a comprehensive manner. The emphasis is given to both the traditional master equation as well as the functional (path) integral approaches. It discusses the basic paradigm of open systems, the harmonic oscillator and the two-level system in detail. The traditional topics of dissipation and tunneling, as well as the modern field of quantum information, find a prominent place in the book. Assuming a basic background of quantum and statistical mechanics, this book will help readers familiarize with the basic tools of open quantum systems. Open quantum systems is the study of quantum dynamics of the system of interest, taking into account the effects of the ambient environment. It is ubiquitous in the sense that any system could be envisaged to be surrounded by its environment which could naturally exert its influence on it. Open quantum systems allows for a systematic understanding of irreversible processes such as decoherence and dissipation, of the essence in order to have a correct understanding of realistic quantum dynamics and also for possible implementations. This would be essential for a possible development of quantum technologies.
Book Synopsis Quantum Dissipative Systems by : Ulrich Weiss
Download or read book Quantum Dissipative Systems written by Ulrich Weiss and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major advances in the quantum theory of macroscopic systems, in combination with experimental achievements, have brightened the field and brought it to the attention of the general community in natural sciences. This edition delves deeper into the fundamental concepts, methods, and applications of quantum dissipative systems.
Book Synopsis Imagination and Rigor by : Settimo Termini
Download or read book Imagination and Rigor written by Settimo Termini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-19 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this volume of scientific essays is twofold. On the one hand, by remembering the scientific figure of Eduardo R. Caianiello, it aims at focusing on his outstanding contributions – from theoretical physics to cybernetics – which after so many years still represent occasion of innovative paths to be fruitfully followed. It must be stressed the contribution that his interdisciplinary methodology can still be of great help in affording and solving present day complex problems. On the other hand, it aims at pinpointing with the help of the scientists contributing to the volume – some crucial problems in present day research in the fields of interest of Eduardo Caianiello and which are still among the main lines of investigation of some of the Institutes founded by Eduardo (Istituto di Cibernetica del CNR, IIAS, etc).
Book Synopsis Charge Transfer Processes in Condensed Media by : J. Ulstrup
Download or read book Charge Transfer Processes in Condensed Media written by J. Ulstrup and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecules in liquid and solid media are exposed to strong inter action forces from the surrounding medium. The formulation of a comprehensive theory of chemical processes in condensed media is consequently an elaborate task involving concepts from several areas of the natural sciences. Within the las~ two and a half decades very notable results towards the formulation of a 'unified' quantum mechanical theory of such processes have in fact been achieved, and by the variety of physical, chemical, and biological processes which can be suitably covered by this framework, the new theory represents an adequate alternative to the transition state theory. The present work has a two-fold purpose. Firstly, to provide a reasonably organized exposition of some basic aspects of these developments. This part emphasizes the fundamental similarities between chemical and other kinds of radiationless processes and includes the derivation of the most important rate expressions without resorting to involved mathematical techniques. The s- ond major purpose is to illustrate the 'unified' character of the rate theory by analysis of a considerable amount of expe- mental data from both 'conventional' kinetics and from such untraditional areas as low-temperature, strongly exothermic, and biological processes. Particular attention is here given to those systems for which a classical description is inadequate, and which provide a diagnostic distinction between several alternative theoretical approaches.
Book Synopsis Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of the Magnetic Moment by : Eugene M. Chudnovsky
Download or read book Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of the Magnetic Moment written by Eugene M. Chudnovsky and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-08-28 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to present a coherent theoretical and experimental treatment of the rapidly developing field of macroscopic quantum tunneling of the magnetic moment. The theory is based on the concept of the magnetic instanton and its renormalization by the dissipative environment. The book includes discussions of the tunneling of magnetic moment in small ferromagnetic grains, tunneling of the Ne'el vector in antiferromagnetic grains, quantum nucleation of magnetic domains, and quantum depinning of domain walls. The experimental part collects the majority of recent data that are, or may be, relevant to spin tunneling. Among the topics described are low temperature magnetic relaxation and its interpretation in various systems, experiments on single particles and mesoscopic wires, and resonant spin tunneling in molecular magnets. This study of an important new field in condensed matter physics by two leading contributors to the subject will be of interest to theorists and experimentalists.
Book Synopsis Condensation and Coherence in Condensed Matter by : Tord Claeson
Download or read book Condensation and Coherence in Condensed Matter written by Tord Claeson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2001, the Nobel Foundation celebrated the 100th anniversary of the first Nobel Prize, and all previous Nobel laureates were invited to attend the Nobel ceremonies in Stockholm. This gave an excellent opportunity for arranging jubilee symposia with topics that would attract several of the laureates. The chosen subject of ?Condensation and Coherence in Condensed Systems? attracted sixteen Nobel laureates and another thirty-five leading scientists.The idea was to bring scientists together from several related subdisciplines: atomic physics, quantum optics, and condensed matter physics, for cross-breeding of ideas, concepts, and experience. Subjects like phase transitions in strongly coupled systems, Bose-Einstein condensation in weakly coupled systems, macroscopic quantum phenomena, coherence in mesoscopic structures, and quantum information were intensively discussed from different points of view. Coherence phenomena in condensed systems were emphasized. A special session was devoted to the emerging field of quantum computing, with experimental and theoretical results reported for different types of qu-bits. The 2001 Nobel Prize awarded to Eric Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, and Carl Wieman, ?for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates,? gave an extra flavor to the theme of the Centennial Symposium.
Book Synopsis Condensation and Coherence in Condensed Matter by : T Claeson
Download or read book Condensation and Coherence in Condensed Matter written by T Claeson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003-03-21 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2001, the Nobel Foundation celebrated the 100th anniversary of the first Nobel Prize, and all previous Nobel laureates were invited to attend the Nobel ceremonies in Stockholm. This gave an excellent opportunity for arranging jubilee symposia with topics that would attract several of the laureates. The chosen subject of “Condensation and Coherence in Condensed Systems” attracted sixteen Nobel laureates and another thirty-five leading scientists. The idea was to bring scientists together from several related subdisciplines: atomic physics, quantum optics, and condensed matter physics, for cross-breeding of ideas, concepts, and experience. Subjects like phase transitions in strongly coupled systems, Bose–Einstein condensation in weakly coupled systems, macroscopic quantum phenomena, coherence in mesoscopic structures, and quantum information were intensively discussed from different points of view. Coherence phenomena in condensed systems were emphasized. A special session was devoted to the emerging field of quantum computing, with experimental and theoretical results reported for different types of qu-bits. The 2001 Nobel Prize awarded to Eric Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, and Carl Wieman, “for the achievement of Bose–Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates,” gave an extra flavor to the theme of the Centennial Symposium. Contents:Quantum Coherence Between States with Even and Odd Numbers of Electrons (A F Andreev)Electron Spin in Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (P E Lindelof et al.)Superfluidity and Coherence in Bose–Einstein Condensates (W Ketterle)Jahn–Teller Bipolarons and Their Condensation (K A Müller)Probing Quantum Mechanics Towards the Everyday World: Where Do We Stand? (A J Leggett)The Question of Phase in a Bose–Einstein Condensate (S Stenholm)Experiments with d-Wave Superconductors (J Mannhart et al.)Noise and Decoherence in Quantum Two-Level Systems (A Shnirman et al.)Coherent Manipulations of Charge-Number States in a Cooper-Pair Box (Y Nakamura et al.)Quiet Readout of Superconducting Flux States (J Clarke et al.)and other papers Readership: Researchers in atomic physics, quantum optics and condensed matter physics. Keywords:Condensation;Coherence;Condensed Matter;Phase Transitions;Quantum Computing
Book Synopsis Electronic Excitations in Organic Based Nanostructures by :
Download or read book Electronic Excitations in Organic Based Nanostructures written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-11-13 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book devoted to a systematic consideration of electronic excitations and electronic energy transfer in organic crystalline multilayers and organics based nanostructures(quantum wells, quantum wires, quantum dots, microcavities). The ingenious combination of organic with inorganic materials in one and the same hybrid structure is shown to give qualitatively new opto-electronic phenomena, potentially important for applications in nonlinear optics, light emitting devices, photovoltaic cells, lasers and so on. The book will be useful not only for physicists but also for chemists and biologists.To help the nonspecialist reader, three Chapters which contain a tutorial and updated introduction to the physics of electronic excitations in organic and inorganic solids have been included. * hybrid Frenkel-Wannier-Mott excitons * microcavities with crystalline and disordered organics * electronic excitation at donor-acceptor interfaces * cold photoconductivity at donor-acceptor interface * cummulative photovoltage * Feorster transfer energy in microcavity * New concepts for LEDs
Book Synopsis Electron And Ion Transfer In Condensed Media: Theoretical Physics For Reaction Kinetics by : Alexei A Kornyshev
Download or read book Electron And Ion Transfer In Condensed Media: Theoretical Physics For Reaction Kinetics written by Alexei A Kornyshev and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1997-07-15 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An elementary act of charge transfer determines a variety of phenomena in physics, chemistry and biology. The study of charge transfer processes has developed together with general progress in theoretical physics and in fast high resolution spectroscopy, so that research deals now with a broad class of systems, materials and environmental conditions. The specific topics covered are: (1) the environment and reactant-environment interaction at bulk and interfaces; (2) the elementary act of electron and proton transfer; homogeneous and heterogeneous processes; (3) processes of ion and heavy group transfer; ion transport in complex systems; (4) artificially and naturally organized charge transfer in physics, chemistry and biology, technological applications (molecular electronics, sensors, modified electrodes, membrane transport).
