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Quantitative Integration Of Multiple Near Surface Geophysical Techniques For Improved Subsurface Imaging And Reducing Uncertainty In Discrete Anomaly Detection
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Book Synopsis Quantitative Integration of Multiple Near-surface Geophysical Techniques for Improved Subsurface Imaging and Reducing Uncertainty in Discrete Anomaly Detection by : Megan Estelle Carr
Download or read book Quantitative Integration of Multiple Near-surface Geophysical Techniques for Improved Subsurface Imaging and Reducing Uncertainty in Discrete Anomaly Detection written by Megan Estelle Carr and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently there is no systematic quantitative methodology in place for the integration of two or more coincident data sets collected using near-surface geophysical techniques. As the need for this type of methodology increases--particularly in the fields of archaeological prospecting, UXO detection, landmine detection, environmental site characterization/remediation monitoring, and forensics--a detailed and refined approach is necessary. The objective of this dissertation is to investigate quantitative techniques for integrating multi-tool near-surface geophysical data to improve subsurface imaging and reduce uncertainty in discrete anomaly detection. This objective is fulfilled by: (1) correlating multi-tool geophysical data with existing well-characterized "targets"; (2) developing methods for quantitatively merging different geophysical data sets; (3) implementing statistical tools within Statistical Analysis System (SAS) to evaluate the multiple integration methodologies; and (4) testing these new methods at several well-characterized sites with varied targets (i.e., case studies). Three geophysical techniques utilized in this research are: ground penetrating radar (GPR), electromagnetic (ground conductivity) methods (EM), and magnetic gradiometry. Computer simulations are developed to generate synthetic data with expected parameters such as heterogeneity of the subsurface, type of target, and spatial sampling. The synthetic data sets are integrated using the same methodologies employed on the case-study sites to (a) further develop the necessary quantitative assessment scheme, and (b) determine if these merged data sets do in fact yield improved results. A controlled setting within The University of Tennessee Geophysical Research Station permits the data (and associated anomalous bodies) to be spatially correlated with the locations of known targets. Error analysis is then conducted to guide any modifications to the data integration methodologies before transitioning to study sites of unknown subsurface features. Statistical analysis utilizing SAS is conducted to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the data integration methodologies and determine if there are significant improvements in subsurface imaging, thus resulting in a reduction in the uncertainty of discrete anomaly detection.
Book Synopsis Quantifying Uncertainty in Subsurface Systems by : Céline Scheidt
Download or read book Quantifying Uncertainty in Subsurface Systems written by Céline Scheidt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-06-19 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the Earth's surface is a rich array of geological resources, many with potential use to humankind. However, extracting and harnessing them comes with enormous uncertainties, high costs, and considerable risks. The valuation of subsurface resources involves assessing discordant factors to produce a decision model that is functional and sustainable. This volume provides real-world examples relating to oilfields, geothermal systems, contaminated sites, and aquifer recharge. Volume highlights include: A multi-disciplinary treatment of uncertainty quantification Case studies with actual data that will appeal to methodology developers A Bayesian evidential learning framework that reduces computation and modeling time Quantifying Uncertainty in Subsurface Systems is a multidisciplinary volume that brings together five major fields: information science, decision science, geosciences, data science and computer science. It will appeal to both students and practitioners, and be a valuable resource for geoscientists, engineers and applied mathematicians. Read the Editors' Vox: eos.org/editors-vox/quantifying-uncertainty-about-earths-resources
Book Synopsis Seeing into the Earth by : National Research Council
Download or read book Seeing into the Earth written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-04-26 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Just below our feet is an environment that supports our infrastructure, yields water, provides for agriculture, and receives our waste. Our capacity to describe, or characterize, this environment is crucial to the solution of many resource, environmental, and engineering problems. And just as medical imaging technologies have reduced the need for exploratory surgeries, a variety of technologies hold the promise for rapid, relatively inexpensive noninvasive characterization of the Earth's subsurface. Seeing into the Earth examines why noninvasive characterization is important and how improved methods can be developed and disseminated. Looking at the issues from both the commercial and public perspectives, the volume makes recommendations for linking characterization and cost savings, closing the gap between the state of science and the state of the practice, and helping practitioners make the best use of the best methods. The book provides background on: The role of noninvasive subsurface characterization in contaminant cleanup, resource management, civil engineering, and other areas. The physical, chemical, biological, and geological properties that are characterized. Methods of characterization and prospects for technological improvement. Certain to be important for earth scientists and engineers alike, this book is also accessible to interested lay readers.
Book Synopsis Advances in Modeling and Interpretation in Near Surface Geophysics by : Arkoprovo Biswas
Download or read book Advances in Modeling and Interpretation in Near Surface Geophysics written by Arkoprovo Biswas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals primarily with the aspects of advances in near surface geophysical data modeling, different interpretation techniques, new ideas and an integrated study to delineate the subsurface structures. It also involves the practical application of different geophysical methods to delineate the subsurface structures associated with mineral, groundwater exploration, subsurface contamination, hot springs, coal fire etc. This book is specifically aimed with the state-of-art information regarding research advances and new developments in these areas of study, coupled to extensive modeling and field investigations obtained from around the world. It is extremely enlightening for the research workers, scientists, faculty members and students, in Applied Geophysics, Near Surface Geophysics, Potential Field, Electrical and Electromagnetic Methods, Mathematical Modeling Techniques in Earth Sciences, as well as Environmental Geophysics.
Book Synopsis Geophysical Data Fusion for Subsurface Imaging. Final Report by :
Download or read book Geophysical Data Fusion for Subsurface Imaging. Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report contains the results of a three year, three-phase project whose long-range goal has been to create a means for the more detailed and accurate definition of the near-surface (0--300 ft) geology beneath a site that had been subjected to environmental pollution. The two major areas of research and development have been: improved geophysical field data acquisition techniques; and analytical tools for providing the total integration (fusion) of all site data. The long-range goal of this project has been to mathematically, integrate the geophysical data that could be derived from multiple sensors with site geologic information and any other type of available site data, to provide a detailed characterization of thin clay layers and geological discontinuities at hazardous waste sites.
Book Synopsis Innovation in Near-Surface Geophysics by : Raffaele Persico
Download or read book Innovation in Near-Surface Geophysics written by Raffaele Persico and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-10-05 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovation in Near-Surface Geophysics: Instrumentation, Application, and Data Processing Methods offers an advanced look at state-of-the-art and innovative technologies for near surface geophysics, exposing the latest, most effective techniques in an accessible way. By addressing a variety of geophysical applications, including cultural heritage, civil engineering, characteristics of soil, and others, the book provides an understanding of the best products and methodologies modern near surface geophysics has to offer. It proposes tips for new ideas and projects, and encourages collaboration across disciplines and techniques for the best implementation and results.Clearly organized, with contributions from leaders from throughout geophysics, Innovation in Near-Surface Geophysics is an important guide for geophysicists who hope to gain a better understanding of the tools and techniques available. - Addresses a variety of applications in near-surface geophysics, including cultural heritage, civil engineering, soil analysis, etc. - Provides insight to available products and techniques and offers suggestions for future developments - Clearly organized by techniques and their applications
Book Synopsis Enhancing Usability of the Multi-channel Analysis of Surface Wave (MASW) Technique for Subsurface Physical Property Mapping by Incorporating Random-array Seismic Acquisition by : Prasanta Malati Yeluru
Download or read book Enhancing Usability of the Multi-channel Analysis of Surface Wave (MASW) Technique for Subsurface Physical Property Mapping by Incorporating Random-array Seismic Acquisition written by Prasanta Malati Yeluru and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Subsurface imaging is very critical to exploit subsurface resources, monitor the fluid movement in the reservoir, mapping tunnels etc. As science advances scientists and other researchers are constantly trying to develop new techniques and methods for subsurface imaging that are more effective, efficient, and are more robust under varying field conditions. The main focus of this research is one such effort to improve and increase the usability of the Multi-channel Analysis of Surface Wave method (MASW) method in determining regolith and rock properties by introducing a new type of receiver arrangement to extend its usage in places that are inaccessible for example, near embankments, military places, clandestine burials, etc. Advances in near-surface geophysical techniques, such as multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW), have greatly increased our ability to map subsurface variations in physical properties here on Earth. The MASW method involves deployment of multiple seismometers to acquire 1-D or 2-D shear wave velocity profiles that can be directly related to various engineering properties. The purpose of the research presented here is to demonstrate the usefulness and capabilities of MASW technique using a random receiver array 1) through controlled site experiments, 2) through Modeling experiments, and 3) And finally apply the technique at terrestrial site (the Black Point Lava Flow) with a different geologic setting. The results focus on near-surface MASW studies and interpretation of the subsurface geology using a random geophone array. The field techniques and methodologies discussed in this dissertation, although applicable on Earth, are also intended for surfaces and regolith in the future exploration of planetary bodies for possible human habitation. This would include Mars, its Moon-Phobus/Deimos, Near-Earth Asteroids (NEA’s), even Earth’s Moon. With each situation, the nature of the regolith and its formational processes will place certain restrictions and limitations upon the applications. This is expected with any change of terrains even on the Earth, let alone between planetary bodies.
Book Synopsis Developments in Geophysical Exploration Methods—3 by : A.A. Fitch
Download or read book Developments in Geophysical Exploration Methods—3 written by A.A. Fitch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the themes in current geophysical development is the bringing together of the results of observations made on the surface and those made in the subsurface. Several benefits result from this association. The detailed geological knowledge obtained in the subsurface can be extrapolated for short distances with more confidence when the geologi cal detail has been related to well-integrated subsurface and surface geophysical data. This is of value when assessing the characteristics of a partially developed petroleum reservoir. Interpretation of geophysical data is generally improved by the experience of seeing the surface and subsurface geophysical expression of a known geological configuration. On the theoretical side, the understanding of the geophysical processes themselves is furthered by the study of the phenomena in depth. As an example, the study of the progress of seismic wave trains downwards and upwards within the earth has proved most instructive. This set of original papers deals with some of the more vigorous developments in subsurface geophysics: and it is hoped that it will contribute to the understanding of geophysical phenomena in the solid. The editor thanks the busy workers in the several fields who have made time to produce these contributions.
Book Synopsis Geophysical Data Fusion for Subsurface Imaging by :
Download or read book Geophysical Data Fusion for Subsurface Imaging written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Applications of Geophysical Surveying Techniques by : Paul Jude Gibson
Download or read book Environmental Applications of Geophysical Surveying Techniques written by Paul Jude Gibson and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geophysical techniques provide useful information about the subsurface with suitable techniques chosen for particular environments or problems. Thus resistivity would be considered more useful than gravity for the detection of contaminant plumes whereas gravity is ideal for the detection of cavities. There are two major advantages in adopting a geophysical approach to studying the subsurface: the non-destructive and very cost-effective nature of most geophysical surveys. This book should be of great benefit to undergraduate and postgraduate students who are taking geology or geophysics courses. It is also aimed at a wider audience, those who need to know what exists below the surface and those to whom the state of that subsurface, and hence to a large extent our environmental well being, is important. Geophysics is a science that transcends the usual disciplinary boundaries, so this book will also be beneficial for engineers, geologists, planners, archaeologists, hydrologists, geographers and environmental scientists. Equations in this book are restricted to those that are essential to provide a better understanding of a particular technique or specific theoretical concept. High school mathematics is all that is required to comprehend their use.
Download or read book Void Hunting written by John B. Paustian and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Karst environments are characterized by voids, i.e. sinkholes and conduits of varying size that arise from the active dissolution of carbonate rock by acidic groundwater. These voids, whether air-, water-, or soil-filled, can be difficult to image using near-surface geophysical methods due to the limited investigation depths of most active-source methods. In addition, due to the significant effort it takes to collect active-source data, investigators are often unable to monitor spatio-temporal variations in the subsurface. The ability to detect, image, and monitor subsurface voids improves the understanding of processes that create and transform voids, a vitally important insight across a variety of scientifc disciplines and engineering applications, including hydrogeology, geotechnical engineering, planetary science and even issues of national security. Using a 54-element nodal array (1C and 3C sensors), I image the subsurface of the USF GeoPark with ambient noise surface wave tomography. I also use complementary active-source geophysical datasets (e.g. 2D ERT) collected at the GeoPark to constrain and/or validate the tomography results. I address two research questions with this study: (1) How do ambient seismic methods complement active-source near-surface methods? (2) Can ambient noise tomography resolve voids in the karst environment? In this thesis, I discuss my answers to these questions and present the current state of surface wave methods in the karst environment, including the feasibility for utilizing ambient noise methods to monitor spatio-temporal changes in sinkhole and conduit formation. In addition to the ability to use seismic methods for temporal monitoring, ambient noise provides lower frequencies than what are achievable with active-source seismic methods. Using frequencies from 5-28 Hz, ambient noise tomography is able to image deeper into the subsurface (up to 100 m at 5 Hz) than previous active-source seismic studies at the GeoPark field site. This study yields a more robust and simple method to image voids in covered karst environments and a long-term installation of ambient seismic nodes enables future investigations of spatio-temporal variations in void structures."--Boise State University ScholarWorks.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Subsurface Imaging by :
Download or read book Introduction to Subsurface Imaging written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describing and evaluating the basic principles and methods of subsurface sensing and imaging, Introduction to Subsurface Imaging is a clear and comprehensive treatment that links theory to a wide range of real-world applications in medicine, biology, security and geophysical/environmental exploration. It integrates the different sensing techniques (acoustic, electric, electromagnetic, optical, x-ray or particle beams) by unifying the underlying physical and mathematical similarities, and computational and algorithmic methods. Time-domain, spectral and multisensor methods are also covered, whilst all the necessary mathematical, statistical and linear systems tools are given in useful appendices to make the book self-contained. Featuring a logical blend of theory and applications, a wealth of color illustrations, homework problems and numerous case studies, this is suitable for use as both a course text and as a professional reference.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Using Surface Geophysics to Characterize Sand and Gravel Deposits by : Jeffrey E. Lucius
Download or read book An Introduction to Using Surface Geophysics to Characterize Sand and Gravel Deposits written by Jeffrey E. Lucius and published by Geological Survey (USGS). This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is an introduction to surface geophysical techniques that aggregate producers can use to characterize known deposits of sand and gravel. Five well-established and well-tested geophysical methods are presented: seismic refraction and reflection, resistivity, ground penetrating radar, time-domain electromagnetism, and frequency-domain electromagnetism. Depending on site conditions and the selected method(s), geophysical surveys can provide information concerning areal extent and thickness of the deposit, thickness of overburden, depth to the water table, critical geologic contacts, and location and correlation of geologic features. In addition, geophysical surveys can be conducted prior to intensive drilling to help locate auger or drill holes, reduce the number of drill holes required, calculate stripping ratios to help manage mining costs, and provide continuity between sampling sites to upgrade the confidence of reserve calculations from probable reserves to proved reserves. Perhaps the greatest value of geophysics to aggregate producers may be the speed of data acquisition, reduced overall costs, and improved subsurface characterization.
Book Synopsis Geophysical Data Fusion for Subsurface Imaging. Phase 1 by :
Download or read book Geophysical Data Fusion for Subsurface Imaging. Phase 1 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A geophysical data fusion methodology is under development to combine data from complementary geophysical sensors and incorporate geophysical understanding to obtain three dimensional images of the subsurface. The research reported here is the first phase of a three phase project. The project focuses on the characterization of thin clay lenses (aquitards) in a highly stratified sand and clay coastal geology to depths of up to 300 feet. The sensor suite used in this work includes time-domain electromagnetic induction (TDEM) and near surface seismic techniques. During this first phase of the project, enhancements to the acquisition and processing of TDEM data were studied, by use of simulated data, to assess improvements for the detection of thin clay layers. Secondly, studies were made of the use of compressional wave and shear wave seismic reflection data by using state-of-the-art high frequency vibrator technology. Finally, a newly developed processing technique, called ''data fusion, '' was implemented to process the geophysical data, and to incorporate a mathematical model of the subsurface strata. Examples are given of the results when applied to real seismic data collected at Hanford, WA, and for simulated data based on the geology of the Savannah River Site.
Book Synopsis Geophysical Subsurface Imaging and Interface Identification by : Pavel Blagoveston Bochev
Download or read book Geophysical Subsurface Imaging and Interface Identification written by Pavel Blagoveston Bochev and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electromagnetic induction is a classic geophysical exploration method designed for subsurface characterization--in particular, sensing the presence of geologic heterogeneities and fluids such as groundwater and hydrocarbons. Several approaches to the computational problems associated with predicting and interpreting electromagnetic phenomena in and around the earth are addressed herein. Publications resulting from the project include [31]. To obtain accurate and physically meaningful numerical simulations of natural phenomena, computational algorithms should operate in discrete settings that reflect the structure of governing mathematical models. In section 2, the extension of algebraic multigrid methods for the time domain eddy current equations to the frequency domain problem is discussed. Software was developed and is available in Trilinos ML package. In section 3 we consider finite element approximations of De Rham's complex. We describe how to develop a family of finite element spaces that forms an exact sequence on hexahedral grids. The ensuing family of non-affine finite elements is called a van Welij complex, after the work [37] of van Welij who first proposed a general method for developing tangentially and normally continuous vector fields on hexahedral elements. The use of this complex is illustrated for the eddy current equations and a conservation law problem. Software was developed and is available in the Ptenos finite element package. The more popular methods of geophysical inversion seek solutions to an unconstrained optimization problem by imposing stabilizing constraints in the form of smoothing operators on some enormous set of model parameters (i.e. ''over-parametrize and regularize''). In contrast we investigate an alternative approach whereby sharp jumps in material properties are preserved in the solution by choosing as model parameters a modest set of variables which describe an interface between adjacent regions in physical space. While still over-parametrized, this choice of model space contains far fewer parameters than before, thus easing the computational burden, in some cases, of the optimization problem. And most importantly, the associated finite element discretization is aligned with the abrupt changes in material properties associated with lithologic boundaries as well as the interface between buried cultural artifacts and the surrounding Earth. In section 4, algorithms and tools are described that associate a smooth interface surface to a given triangulation. In particular, the tools support surface refinement and coarsening. Section 5 describes some preliminary results on the application of interface identification methods to some model problems in geophysical inversion. Due to time constraints, the results described here use the GNU Triangulated Surface Library for the manipulation of surface meshes and the TetGen software library for the generation of tetrahedral meshes.
Book Synopsis Joint Inversion and Integration of Multiple Geophysical Data for Improved Models of Near-surface Structures by : Shunguo Wang
Download or read book Joint Inversion and Integration of Multiple Geophysical Data for Improved Models of Near-surface Structures written by Shunguo Wang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geophysics and Geosequestration by : Thomas L. Davis
Download or read book Geophysics and Geosequestration written by Thomas L. Davis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the geophysical techniques and analysis methods for monitoring subsurface carbon dioxide storage for researchers and industry practitioners.
