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Author : Stephen A. Birdsell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (415 download)
Download or read book Pure Hydrogen Production from Gasoline Reforming Using a Palladium Membrane Reactor written by Stephen A. Birdsell and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Marcello De Falco
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0857291513
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (572 download)
Download or read book Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production Processes written by Marcello De Falco and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-25 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production Processes deals with technological and economic aspects of hydrogen selective membranes application in hydrogen production chemical processes. Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production Processes starts with an overview of membrane integration in the chemical reaction environment, formulating the thermodynamics and kinetics of membrane reactors and assessing the performance of different process architectures. Then, the state of the art of hydrogen selective membranes, membrane manufacturing processes and the mathematical modeling of membrane reactors are discussed. A review of the most useful applications from an industrial point of view is given. These applications include: natural gas steam reforming, autothermal reforming, water gas shift reaction, decomposition of hydrogen sulphide, and alkanes dehydrogenation. The final part is dedicated to the description of a pilot plant where the novel configuration was implemented at a semi-industrial scale. Plant engineers, researchers and postgraduate students will find Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production Processes a comprehensive guide to the state of the art of membrane reactor technology.
Author : Bryce Anzelmo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (951 download)
Download or read book On-board Hydrogen Production from Natural Gas Via a Metallic Pd-based Membrane Reactor written by Bryce Anzelmo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work describes the application of palladium-based composite membrane reactors (MRs) for performing steam methane reforming (SMR) and natural gas steam reforming reactions to produce a high-purity hydrogen stream for CO2 capture from the transportation sector. In particular, the effect of different operating conditions on the performance of several MRs has been investigated. Moreover, thin pure palladium and palladium-gold alloy membranes have been synthesized via electroless plating and housed in the membrane module for reaction and permeation testing. In particular, the SMR reaction across porous stainless steel-supported Pd membranes has been investigated with a focus on low temperature and pressure conditions to showcase the ability of the MR to obtain high conversions even at mild conditions. The feed composition ratio, i.e., H2O/CH4, was kept above the stoichiometric limit to enhance conversion, while a permeate sweep gas was used to promote the permeation of hydrogen through the membrane. This application of the Pd-based MR resulted in high methane conversion (84%) and hydrogen recovery (82%) with a pure hydrogen stream obtained from the permeate side at temperatures as low as 400 °C. Stable methane conversions and hydrogen permeation rates were obtained for> 700 reaction hours. Using a Pd-Au composite MR, further reaction testing took place with a real natural gas feed at 450 °C and 300 kPa. This MR operated under a SMR reaction continuously for> 250 hours without a decrease in performance, highlighting the long-term stability of the MR to produce pure hydrogen for long periods of time. More specifically, the conversion of higher hydrocarbons, e.g., propane, ethane, and butane, within the reactor were> 85% throughout the experimental tests. Using a membrane module comprised of a dense Pd77Ag23 membrane, hydrogen permeation decreased when exposed to H2S. This decrease in hydrogen flux was temporary and complete recovery was realized with 200 ppm and 40 ppm H2S exposure tests showing no long-term effects on the membrane. These results allow for an alternative use of pure Pd membranes, which are irreversibly poisoned by H2S.
Author : Ali Hedayati
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)
Download or read book On-site Pure Hydrogen Production in a Catalytic Membrane Reactor by Ethanol Steam Reforming written by Ali Hedayati and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrogen is considered as a clean energy carrier that can be converted to electricity by fuel cell with high efficiency. To be economically feasible and comparable, hydrogen needs to be liquefied, compressed, or adsorbed in metallic hydrides in large scale prior to the transfer. This requires very high pressure or very low temperature, which make a very high risk during transfer and delivery. Hence, it is highly beneficial to produce and consume pure hydrogen at the same place/time. The use of renewable biofuels such as bio-ethanol as a source of hydrogen is highly beneficial due to the higher H/C ratio, lower toxicity, and higher safety of storage that distinguish ethanol over other substrates. Among the reforming processes, steam reforming of ethanol delivers the highest amount of hydrogen per mole of converted ethanol. Noble metal-based catalysts are well known for very high reactivity in terms of ethanol conversion and hydrogen selectivity together with nearly zero carbon deposition over the surface of the catalyst. Ethanol steam reforming (ESR) over noble metal-based catalysts can be considered as an efficient and reliable method for hydrogen production. The application of membrane reactors (MR) -in which production and separation of hydrogen (pure hydrogen production) occurs in the same reactor vessel- is highly beneficial to omit costly and complicated unit processes for hydrogen purification. Besides, by removal of one of the products (hydrogen) via permeation through the membrane, equilibrium limitations are overcome even at unbeneficial operating conditions, leading to higher production of hydrogen and higher efficiency of the process. In case of a palladium-based membrane, highly pure hydrogen is obtained, suitable for feeding a fuel cell online. In this work, in-situ production of pure hydrogen via catalytic ethanol steam reforming (ESR) in a membrane reactor (MR) was investigated. A mixture of pure ethanol and distilled was used as the fuel. ESR experiments were carried out over Pd-Rh/CeO2 catalyst in a Pd-Ag membrane reactor -named as the fuel reformer- at variety of operating conditions regarding the operating temperature, pressure, fuel flow rate, and the molar ratio of water-ethanol (S/C ratio). The performance of the catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) was studied in terms of ethanol conversion, pure hydrogen production rate, hydrogen yield, and hydrogen recovery. Thermodynamic evaluation of the CMR was presented as a supplement to the comprehensive investigation of the overall performance of the fuel reformer. Exergy analysis was performed based on the experimental results aiming not only to understand the thermodynamic performance of the fuel reformer, but also to introduce the application of the exergy analysis in CMRs studies. Exergy analysis provided important information on the effect of operating conditions and thermodynamic losses, resulted in understanding of the best operating conditions. The exergy efficiency of the CMR was evaluated considering both an insulated reactor (without heat loss), and a non-insulated reactor (with heat loss). The simulation of the dynamics of hydrogen permeation was performed. The simulation presented in this work is similar to the hydrogen flow rate adjustments needed to set the electrical load of a fuel cell, if fed online by the studied pure hydrogen generating system. A static model for the catalytic zone was derived from the Arrhenius law to model the production rate of the ESR species. The permeation zone (membrane) was modeled based on the Sieverts' law as the physical definition of hydrogen permeation through the membrane, and a block box model as a function of the fuel flow rate and the reactor pressure. Finally, a dynamic model was proposed under ideal gas law assumptions to simulate the dynamics of pure hydrogen production rate in the case of the fuel flow rate or the operational pressure set point adjustment (transient state) at isothermal conditions.
Author : A Doukelis
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1782422412
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (824 download)
Download or read book Palladium Membrane Technology for Hydrogen Production, Carbon Capture and Other Applications written by A Doukelis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-10-20 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to their outstanding hydrogen selectivity, palladium membranes have attracted extensive R&D interest. They are a potential breakthrough technology for hydrogen production and also have promising applications in the areas of thermochemical biorefining. This book summarises key research in palladium membrane technologies, with particular focus on the scale-up challenges. After an introductory chapter, Part one reviews the fabrication of palladium membranes. Part two then focuses on palladium membrane module and reactor design. The final part of the book reviews the operation of palladium membranes for synthesis gas/hydrogen production, carbon capture and other applications. Review of manufacture and design issues for palladium membranes Discussion of the applications of palladium membrane technology, including solar steam reforming, IGCC plants, NGCC plants, CHP plants and hydrogen production Examples of the technology in operation
Author : Angelo Basile
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1782422277
Total Pages : 697 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (824 download)
Download or read book Membrane Reactors for Energy Applications and Basic Chemical Production written by Angelo Basile and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-02-05 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane Reactors for Energy Applications and Basic Chemical Production presents a discussion of the increasing interest in membrane reactors that has emerged in recent years from both the scientific and industrial communities, in particular their usage for energy applications and basic chemical production. Part One of the text investigates membrane reactors for syngas and hydrogen production, while Part Two examines membrane reactors for other energy applications, including biodiesel and bioethanol production. The final section of the book reviews the use of membrane reactors in basic chemical production, including discussions of the use of MRs in ammonia production and the dehydrogenation of alkanes to alkenes. Provides comprehensive coverage of membrane reactors as presented by a world-renowned team of experts Includes discussions of the use of membrane reactors in ammonia production and the dehydrogenation of alkanes to alkenes Tackles the use of membrane reactors in syngas, hydrogen, and basic chemical production Keen focus placed on the industry, particularly in the use of membrane reactor technologies in energy
Author : Shamsuddin Ilias
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)
Download or read book Reforming of Liquid Hydrocarbons in a Novel Hydrogen-Selective Membrane-Based Fuel Processor written by Shamsuddin Ilias and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, asymmetric dense Pd/porous stainless steel composite membranes were fabricated by depositing palladium on the outer surface of the tubular support. The electroless plating method combined with an osmotic pressure field was used to deposit the palladium film. Surface morphology and microstructure of the composite membranes were characterized by SEM and EDX. The SEM and EDX analyses revealed strong adhesion of the plated pure palladium film on the substrate and dense coalescence of the Pd film. Membranes were further characterized by conducting permeability experiments with pure hydrogen, nitrogen, and helium gases at temperatures from 325 to 450 C and transmembrane pressure differences from 5 to 45 psi. The permeation results showed that the fabricated membranes have both high hydrogen permeability and selectivity. For example, the hydrogen permeability for a composite membrane with a 20 {micro}m Pd film was 3.02 x 10{sup -5} moles/m{sup 2}.s. Pa{sup 0.765} at 450 C. Hydrogen/nitrogen selectivity for this composite membrane was 1000 at 450 C with a transmembrane pressure difference of 14.7 psi. Steam reforming of methane is one of the most important chemical processes in hydrogen and syngas production. To investigate the usefulness of palladium-based composite membranes in membrane-reactor configuration for simultaneous production and separation of hydrogen, steam reforming of methane by equilibrium shift was studied. The steam reforming of methane using a packed-bed inert membrane tubular reactor (PBIMTR) was simulated. A two-dimensional pseudo-homogeneous reactor model with parallel flow configuration was developed for steam reforming of methane. The shell volume was taken as the feed and sweep gas was fed to the inside of the membrane tube. Radial diffusion was taken into account for concentration gradient in the radial direction due to hydrogen permeation through the membrane. With appropriate reaction rate expressions, a set of partial differential equations was derived using the continuity equation for the reaction system and then solved by finite difference method with appropriate boundary and initial conditions. An iterative scheme was used to obtain a converged solution. Membrane reactor performance was compared to that in a traditional non-membrane packed-bed reactor (PBR). Their performances were also compared with thermodynamic equilibrium values achievable in a conventional non-membrane reactor. Numerical results of the models show that the methane conversions in the PBIMTR are always higher than that in the PBR, as well as thermodynamic equilibrium conversions. For instance, at a reaction pressure of 6 atm, a temperature of 650 C, a space velocity of 900/16.0 SCCM/gm{sub cat}, a steam to methane molar feed ratio of 3.0, a sweep ratio of 0.15, the conversion in the membrane reactor is about 86.5%, while the conversion in the non-membrane reactor is about 50.8%. The corresponding equilibrium conversion is about 56.4%. The effects on the degree of conversion and hydrogen yield were analyzed for different parameters such as temperature, reactor pressure, feed and sweep flow rate, feed molar ratio, and space time. From the analysis of the model results, it is obvious that the membrane reactor operation can be optimized for conversion or yield through the choice of proper operating and design parameters. Comparisons with available literature data for both membrane and non-membrane reactors showed a good agreement.
Author : Adolfo Iulianelli
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128173858
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes written by Adolfo Iulianelli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-07-22 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade, the attention paid to the environmental protection has generated a considerable interest towards the development of new energy carriers and green energy production methods. Hydrogen as an energy carrier becomes a potential important source of energy due to its neutral environmental impact. However, its production, transformation and purification, presents a challenge in the so called hydrogen economy. Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes gives a comprehensive review on the present state of the art of the hydrogen production and purification using new and alternative technologies stressing green processes and environment protection. The book covers green processes, renewable feedstocks utilization and membrane reactor technology for hydrogen production in line with new process intensification strategy. The book is divided in four sections, ie fundamentals of hydrogen generation, its impact on environmental issue, new applications involving hydrogen and its storage and distribution. The main scope of this book is to offer a new horizon on hydrogen generation and utilization. It stresses the role of new technologies for hydrogen generation, including the “micro-reactors technology for portable applications , their combination with high temperature fuel cells, the role of gas-separation for both hydrogen purification and CO2 sequestration, the exploitation of renewable sources (biogas, bioethanol and other renewables feedstocks) in reforming processes useful to generate hydrogen, membrane and membrane reactor technology as well as membrane bio-reactors etc. Presents process intensification and commercialization of new and alternative hydrogen generation technologies Relates new hydrogen production methods to their environmental impact Outlines the fundamentals of hydrogen generation Includes new developed technologies for hydrogen transport and storage
Author : Angelo Basile
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470977574
Total Pages : 661 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)
Download or read book Membranes for Membrane Reactors written by Angelo Basile and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-20 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A membrane reactor is a device for simultaneously performing a reaction and a membrane-based separation in the same physical device. Therefore, the membrane not only plays the role of a separator, but also takes place in the reaction itself. This text covers, in detail, the preparation and characterisation of all types of membranes used in membranes reactors. Each membrane synthesis process used by membranologists is explained by well known scientists in their specific research field. The book opens with an exhaustive review and introduction to membrane reactors, introducing the recent advances in this field. The following chapters concern the preparation of both organic and inorganic, and in both cases, a deep analysis of all the techniques used to prepare membrane are presented and discussed. A brief historical introduction for each technique is also included, followed by a complete description of the technique as well as the main results presented in the international specialized literature. In order to give to the reader a summary look to the overall work, a conclusive chapter is included for collecting all the information presented in the previous chapters. Key features: Fills a gap in the market for a scientific book describing the preparation and characterization of all the kind of membranes used in membrane reactors Discusses an important topic - there is increasing emphasis on membranes in general, due to their use as energy efficient separation tools and the ‘green’ chemistry opportunities they offer Includes a review about membrane reactors, several chapters concerning the preparation organic, inorganic, dense, porous, and composite membranes and a conclusion with a comparison among the different membrane preparation techniques
Author : Lungela Ethel Kula
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)
Download or read book Development of a Palladium Based Membrane Reactor System for Production of Ultra-pure Hydrogen from Liquefied Petroleum Gas written by Lungela Ethel Kula and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (914 download)
Download or read book Hydrogen Production from Methane Steam Reforming in Palladium Membrane Reactor written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sameer Harnam Israni
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (747 download)
Download or read book High Purity Hydrogen Generation Using Palladium-based Membrane Reactors written by Sameer Harnam Israni and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Angelo Basile
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118906802
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)
Download or read book Membrane Reactor Engineering written by Angelo Basile and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uniquely focussed on the engineering aspects of membrane reactors Provides tools for analysis with specific regard to sustainability Applications include water treatment, wastewater recycling, desalination, biorefineries, agro-food production Membrane reactors can bring energy saving, reduced environmental impact and lower operating costs
Author : Jerzy Skrzypek
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Methanol Synthesis written by Jerzy Skrzypek and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Thijs Peters
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038977020
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (389 download)
Download or read book Pd-based Membranes written by Thijs Peters and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palladium (Pd)-based membranes have received a great deal of attention from both academia and industry thanks to their ability to selectively separate hydrogen from gas streams. The integration of such membranes with appropriate catalysts in membrane reactors allows for hydrogen production with CO2 capture that can be applied in smaller bioenergy or combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as in large-scale power plants. Pd-based membranes are therefore regarded as a Key Enabling Technology (KET) to facilitate the transition towards a knowledge-based, low-carbon, and resource-efficient economy. This Special Issue of the journal Membranes on “Pd-based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives” contains nine peer-reviewed articles. Topics include manufacturing techniques, understanding of material phenomena, module and reactor design, novel applications, and demonstration efforts and industrial exploitation.
Author : Luis M Gandia
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 044456361X
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)
Download or read book Renewable Hydrogen Technologies written by Luis M Gandia and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-05-03 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fields covered by the hydrogen energy topic have grown rapidly, and now it has become clearly multidisciplinary. In addition to production, hydrogen purification and especially storage are key challenges that could limit the use of hydrogen fuel. In this book, the purification of hydrogen with membrane technology and its storage in "solid" form using new hydrides and carbon materials are addressed. Other novelties of this volume include the power conditioning of water electrolyzers, the integration in the electric grid of renewable hydrogen systems and the future role of microreactors and micro-process engineering in hydrogen technology as well as the potential of computational fluid dynamics to hydrogen equipment design and the assessment of safety issues. Finally, and being aware that transportation will likely constitute the first commercial application of hydrogen fuel, two chapters are devoted to the recent advances in hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines for transport vehicles. Hydrogen from water and biomass considered Holistic approach to the topic of renewable hydrogen production Power conditioning of water electrolyzers and integration of renewable hydrogen energy systems considered Subjects not included in previous books on hydrogen energy Micro process technology considered Subject not included in previous books on hydrogen energy Applications of CFD considered Subject not included in previous books on hydrogen energy Fundamental aspects will not be discussed in detail consciously as they are suitably addressed in previous books Emphasis on technological advancements Chapters written by recognized experts Up-to date approach to the subjects and relevant bibliographic references
Author : Angelo Basile
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0857097342
Total Pages : 973 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Membrane Reactors written by Angelo Basile and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-04-04 with total page 973 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane reactors are increasingly replacing conventional separation, process and conversion technologies across a wide range of applications. Exploiting advanced membrane materials, they offer enhanced efficiency, are very adaptable and have great economic potential. There has therefore been increasing interest in membrane reactors from both the scientific and industrial communities, stimulating research and development. The two volumes of the Handbook of membrane reactors draw on this research to provide an authoritative review of this important field.Volume 2 reviews reactor types and industrial applications, beginning in part one with a discussion of selected types of membrane reactor and integration of the technology with industrial processes. Part two goes on to explore the use of membrane reactors in chemical and large-scale hydrogen production from fossil fuels. Electrochemical devices and transport applications of membrane reactors are the focus of part three, before part four considers the use of membrane reactors in environmental engineering, biotechnology and medicine. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of the economic aspects of membrane reactors.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, the two volumes of the Handbook of membrane reactors provide an authoritative guide for membrane reactor researchers and materials scientists, chemical and biochemical manufacturers, industrial separations and process engineers, and academics in this field. Discusses integration of membrane technology with industrial processes Explores the use of membrane reactors in chemical and large-scale hydrogen production from fossil fuels Considers electrochemical devices and transport applications of membrane reactors
