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Public Wage Bills In The Middle East And Central Asia
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Book Synopsis Public Wage Bills in the Middle East and Central Asia by : Ms.Natalia T. Tamirisa
Download or read book Public Wage Bills in the Middle East and Central Asia written by Ms.Natalia T. Tamirisa and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-01-16 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis of policies for managing public sector wage bills in the Middle East and Central Asia region. While some work has been done recently at the Fund on issues related to government employment and compensation, to our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically examine, with a focus on the Middle East and Central Asia region, the recent trends and drivers of public wage bills in the region and to identify key policy implications.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :148431252X Total Pages :125 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (843 download)
Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, October 2017, Middle East and Central Asia by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, October 2017, Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil exporters in the Middle East and North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan region (MENAP) are continuing to adjust to lower oil prices, which have dampened growth and contributed to large fiscal and external deficits.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1484380185 Total Pages :80 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (843 download)
Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, November 2018, Middle East and Central Asia by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, November 2018, Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As in other regions in the world, countries in MENAP and CCA regions are exposed to tightening in global financing conditions and ongoing global trade tensions. The former has already begun to impact several emerging market economies in MENAP and could have more severe implications should financial market sentiment suddenly deteriorate. Escalating global trade tensions will have a limited direct and immediate impact on these regions but could impart significant strains over time through negative effects on trading partners and through market confidence effects.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1513514008 Total Pages :75 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, October 2019, Middle East and Central Asia by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, October 2019, Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth in the near term remains subdued for oil exporters in the Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan (MENAP) region, amid volatile oil prices, precarious global growth, elevated fiscal vulnerabilities, and heightened geopolitical tensions. In addition, declining productivity is dampening medium-term growth prospects. To reduce dependence on oil prices and pave the way for more sustainable growth, fiscal consolidation needs to resume, underpinned by improved medium-term fiscal frameworks. In parallel, structural reforms and further financial sector development would boost foreign direct investment (FDI) and domestic private investment and foster diversification, thus contributing to improved productivity and potential growth.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1498387055 Total Pages :120 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (983 download)
Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, October 2014, Middle East and Central Asia, by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, October 2014, Middle East and Central Asia, written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-10-27 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue discusses economic developments in the Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan (MENAP), which continue to reflect the diversity of conditions prevailing across the region. Most high-income oil exporters, primarily in the GCC, continue to record steady growth and solid economic and financial fundamentals, albeit with medium-term challenges that need to be addressed. In contrast, other countries—Iraq, Libya, and Syria—are mired in conflicts with not only humanitarian but also economic consequences. And yet other countries, mostly oil importers, are making continued but uneven progress in advancing their economic agendas, often in tandem with political transitions and amidst difficult social conditions. In most of these countries, without extensive economic and structural reforms, economic prospects for the medium term remain insufficient to reduce high unemployment and improve living standards.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1513534491 Total Pages :112 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, October 2016, Middle East and Central Asia by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, October 2016, Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-10-20 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue focuses on the ongoing adjustment to cheaper oil and subdued economic activity for oil-producing countries, as well as the weak and fragile recovery in the Caucasus and Central Asia region. It also discusses global spillovers from China’s rebalancing and the growth of fiscal deficits.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1475510810 Total Pages :131 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (755 download)
Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, November 2012, Middle East and Central Asia by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, November 2012, Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-11-09 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The outlook for the Middle East and North Africa region is mixed. Oil-importing countries are witnessing tepid growth, and the moderate recovery expected in 2013 is subject to heightened downside risks. For the Arab countries in transition, ongoing political transitions also weigh on growth. With policy buffers largely eroded, the need for action on macroeconomic stabilization and growth-oriented reforms is becoming increasingly urgent. Countries will need to put in place safety nets to protect the poor and build consensus for some difficult fiscal choices. The region’s oil exporters are expected to post solid growth in 2012, in part due to Libya’s better-than-expected postwar recovery. In the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council, robust growth is supported by expansionary fiscal policies and accommodative monetary conditions. In the Caucasus and Central Asia, the outlook remains favorable, reflecting high oil prices that are benefiting oil and gas exporters, supportive commodity prices and remittance inflows benefiting oil and gas importers, and, for both groups, moderate direct exposure to Europe. The positive outlook provides an opportunity to strengthen policy buffers to prepare for any downside risks.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1513521748 Total Pages :128 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, Middle East and Central Asia, October 2015 by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, Middle East and Central Asia, October 2015 written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-10-21 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue discusses economic developments in the Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan (MENAP), which continue to reflect the diversity of conditions prevailing across the region. Most high-income oil exporters, primarily in the GCC, continue to record steady growth and solid economic and financial fundamentals, albeit with medium-term challenges that need to be addressed. In contrast, other countries—Iraq, Libya, and Syria—are mired in conflicts with not only humanitarian but also economic consequences. And yet other countries, mostly oil importers, are making continued but uneven progress in advancing their economic agendas, often in tandem with political transitions and amidst difficult social conditions. In most of these countries, without extensive economic and structural reforms, economic prospects for the medium term remain insufficient to reduce high unemployment and improve living standards.
Book Synopsis Global Energy Fundamentals by : Simone Tagliapietra
Download or read book Global Energy Fundamentals written by Simone Tagliapietra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-13 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rigorous and accessible guide to the current status and future prospects of the global energy system.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1513514407 Total Pages :72 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis Republic of Azerbaijan by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Republic of Azerbaijan written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-09-18 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2019 Article IV Consultation with the Republic of Azerbaijan highlights that the economy is continuing to recover from a banking crisis and recession. Looking ahead, economic growth is expected to reach 2.7 percent in 2019 on strong hydrocarbon production and robust domestic demand, benefitting from new spending measures. Gradual and growth-friendly fiscal consolidation is needed to strengthen intergenerational and precautionary buffers while mitigating the adverse impact on the economy. Consolidation could rely on prioritizing and improving the efficiency of spending, rationalizing tax policy, and improving revenue administration. Reducing administrative burden for businesses, encouraging competition, and strengthening governance and transparency would reduce the cost of doing business, foster entrepreneurship, and attract foreign capital. Prioritizing investment for healthcare and education, improving its efficiency, and better targeting of social protection would help nurture human capital and improve productivity. Addressing governance weaknesses is essential to reduce vulnerabilities to corruption. More integrated policies, along with better data availability, would support decision making and credibility, and attract investment.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1616351292 Total Pages :118 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (163 download)
Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, October 2011, Middle East and Central Asia by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, October 2011, Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-10-26 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arab Spring holds the promise of improved living standards and a more prosperous future for the peoples of the Middle East and North Africa region. At the same time, the region is witnessing uncertainty and economic pressures from domestic and external sources, which will likely be exacerbated by the recent worsening of the global economy. The main challenge in the short term will be to manage expectations while maintaining economic stability. To that end, better-targeted subsidies and transfers will help free up resources for investment in infrastructure, education, and health. Policies aimed at fostering inclusive growth will also help cement the longer-term benefits of the ongoing changes in the region. In the Caucasus and Central Asia, the economic outlook is broadly positive. Exports and remittances--key growth drivers in 2010--are continuing to grow solidly, helping the recovery gain firm momentum. At the same time, uncertainties over the robustness of the global recovery constitute a downside risk to the growth outlook. Key challenges facing the region over the medium term are to create jobs and foster high and inclusive growth.
Book Synopsis Rightsizing Brazil’s Public-Sector Wage Bill by : Ms.Izabela Karpowicz
Download or read book Rightsizing Brazil’s Public-Sector Wage Bill written by Ms.Izabela Karpowicz and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil’s public-sector wage bill is comparatively high. It grows inertially and competes with other spending. Rightsizing the wage bill could stimulate administrative efficiency and bring more equity into a system where public employees earn more than private in comparable professions. Most importantly, however, a reform is necessary to comply with the Federal government expenditure ceiling and the subnational fiscal responsibility rules. A reform should thus encompass all government levels, and all careers, and should aim to achieve a real decrease in salaries and lower employment. In the medium term, a review of the compensation structure should rationalize the multitude if wage grids, merge allowances into the base wage, and align public sector compensation to private wages in low-skilled professions.
Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, April 2022, Middle East and Central Asia by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, April 2022, Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-04-27 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The war in Ukraine and sanctions on Russia are exacerbating the divergence in recovery prospects for the Middle East and Central Asia (ME&CA). Despite better-than-expected upside momentum in 2021, the economic environment in 2022 is defined by extraordinary headwinds and uncertainties, particularly for commodity importers, with higher and more volatile commodity prices, rising inflationary pressures, faster-than-expected monetary policy normalization in advanced economies, and a lingering pandemic. Prospects for oil exporters in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have improved, while countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA) region face a particularly challenging outlook given their linkages to Russia and Ukraine. Downside risks dominate the outlook and include a prolonged war and further sanctions on Russia, tighter-than-expected global financial conditions, possible deanchoring of inflation expectations, a sharper slowdown in China, and new pandemic outbreaks. Policymaking has become increasingly complex, with dwindling macro policy space to deal with these extraordinary shocks, amid high debt and inflation. Given divergent outlooks, policies will need to be calibrated carefully to country circumstances to manage uncertainties, maintain macroeconomic stability, and support the recovery while protecting the most vulnerable and ensuring food and energy security. Structural reforms have become even more urgent to prevent scarring from the pandemic and the war, and ensure a private sector-led and inclusive recovery, including by embracing digitalization and investing in a greener future.
Book Synopsis Kingdom of Lesotho by : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Download or read book Kingdom of Lesotho written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-07-20 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kingdom of Lesotho: Selected Issues
Book Synopsis Gulf Cooperation Council by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Gulf Cooperation Council written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: growth in expenditure, GCC governments have started to implement significant fiscal consolidation measures, but more needs to be done. Rapid population growth and booming oil revenues led to large increases in government spending in the GCC in the decade to 2014, which now stands high by international standards. This expenditure is dominated by compensation of employees and other current spending which are large in percent of GDP compared to Emerging Market (EM) countries and other oil exporters. This keeps overall spending above levels consistent with long-term fiscal sustainability and intergenerational equity. The international experience with large fiscal adjustments provides some key lessons for GCC countries. This experience suggests that growth outcomes improve when fiscal adjustments are sustained as part of credible multi-year fiscal plans, rely on expenditure more than revenue adjustment, and lead to improvements in expenditure composition (away from current outlays to more productive spending) and the structure of revenue (away from direct to indirect taxation). Successful fiscal adjustments also tend to be part of wider structural reforms that support growth.
Book Synopsis Promoting Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa by : Mr. Roberto Cardarelli
Download or read book Promoting Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa written by Mr. Roberto Cardarelli and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-10-11 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite some pre-pandemic gains in poverty reduction, literacy, and lifespans, many economies in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have struggled to ensure that the benefits of economic development and diversification accrue equitably to all segments of their populations. Among the main issues that remain unresolved are the high share of inactive youth (who are not engaged in employment, education, or training); large gaps in economic opportunities for women; fragmented social protection systems; and underdeveloped private sectors with tight regulation, absence of a level playing field, and limited access to credit that stifle the creation of new firms and growth, employment, and incomes. The COVID-19 pandemic not only risks wiping out some of the progress made in the region over the past decades, but could also exacerbate inequality in a durable way. There is evidence that the impact of the pandemic has been uneven across groups, with the recession having a disproportionate effect on the low-skilled, the young, women, and migrant workers in employment and incomes. With widespread inequality, high unemployment, and the expected entry of 27 million young people into the labor force over the next 10 years, countries across the MENA region need to evolve their economic models to boost job creation and make sure that the benefits of economic development are shared more widely among all their citizens. This book’s objective is to reassess the inclusive growth agenda in the MENA region in light of the rapidly changing pandemic-influenced world. It argues that countries need to embrace global trade and technological advances and evolving demographics at home as an opportunity to successfully implement policies that foster higher and more inclusive growth. It underscores that a return to the old social contract is neither desirable nor feasible. The book presents a comprehensive view of policies suited to the regional context that would boost job-rich and inclusive growth within a resilient macroeconomic policy framework. Its goal is to provide guidance to policymakers in the region to frame how best to promote inclusive growth, including in their engagement with all stakeholders.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1484361784 Total Pages :24 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (843 download)
Book Synopsis Algeria by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Algeria written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper discusses measures needed to improve public spending efficiency to foster more inclusive growth in Algeria. Fostering more inclusive growth in a sustainable way requires addressing Algeria’s longstanding structural issues that have led to persistently high unemployment, weak private sector job creation, and insufficient quality of public services. To help reverse this situation, particularly in an environment of dwindling financial resources, Algeria should improve the efficiency of public spending, including through strengthening public wage bill and investment management. This would enable the country to increase the return on investment in human capital and infrastructure, and improve the quality and reach of public service delivery. It would help ensure that the public sector fosters private sector activity rather than competes with it.
