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Public Policy And Spatial Variation In Land Use And Land Cover In The Southeastern Peruvian Amazon
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Book Synopsis Public Policy and Spatial Variation in Land Use and Land Cover in the Southeastern Peruvian Amazon by : Andrea B. Chavez
Download or read book Public Policy and Spatial Variation in Land Use and Land Cover in the Southeastern Peruvian Amazon written by Andrea B. Chavez and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Targeted household surveys provided an analysis of how these occurrences influenced their livelihood decision-making processes. The evaluation of the changing driving forces focused on how policies influenced the outcome of economic processes. The results show that distinct policies are associated with different patterns of land-use/landcover change. For example, policies that favored cattle expansion influenced an increase in pasture areas. Policies associated with credit availability facilitated the expansion of agriculture areas, increasing deforestation. The results of the dissertation have implications not only for understanding tropical deforestation and land-use/land-cover change, but also for policymaking in Peru and other countries that share the Amazon and other tropical rainforests.
Book Synopsis Land use change in four landscapes in the Peruvian Amazon by : Marcus, M.
Download or read book Land use change in four landscapes in the Peruvian Amazon written by Marcus, M. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2020-09-09 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This working paper uses remote sensing data and methods to characterize land cover change in four sites in the lowland Peruvian Amazon over a period of three decades (1987-2017). Multi-village landscapes were purposefully selected to include road accessible sites and others only accessible by river. Landscape analysis focused on buffers around the selected villages used to approximate the areas of influence of farmers in these communities. Deforestation in the Peruvian Amazon has been commonly attributed to agriculture expansion by smallholders. This belief falls short in acknowledging that the contribution of smallholder deforestation is mediated by others decisions around infrastructure development. In this analysis, road connected landscapes experienced greater loss of closed-canopy forest while closed canopy forest remained mostly stable in the river sites over the thirty year study period. Results indicated that closed canopy forest loss occurred in parallel with agricultural expansion at the road sites. The findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of local land use dynamics and the role of regional infrastructure development as a driver of forest loss.
Book Synopsis Deforestation in the Southeastern Peruvian Amazon by : Nora Alvarez
Download or read book Deforestation in the Southeastern Peruvian Amazon written by Nora Alvarez and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Community forest management in the Peruvian Amazon by : Rosa Cossío
Download or read book Community forest management in the Peruvian Amazon written by Rosa Cossío and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-03-19 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review summarizes the published literature, as well as any available information provided by NGOs or project proponents, on the practice of community forest management (CFM) in the Peruvian Amazon. It provides an overview of literature related to land-use and forest management by rural populations in the Peruvian Amazon, placing this information in the broader context of the forestry sector in Peru. The review describes the different manifestations of CFM in Peru and the most widely studied cases of CFM projects. The document also examines some emerging initiatives, summarizes the main challenges for CFM and highlights important areas for future research. One key finding of this review is that there is a general lack of scientific analyses of CFM in Peru: most information is available only via project reports prepared by project proponents and/or donors. The review stresses that community forest management takes many forms. People throughout the Amazon have long relied on forest resources for their shifting cultivation systems, and timber and NTFPs are central to the livelihoods of many. Typically, forest use has occurred informally with little oversight or control by the state. Beginning in the 1980s, environmental NGOs have introduced CFM initiatives in Peru. To date, most CFM projects focus only on indigenous communities to support timber management; by contrast, scientific studies have focused on forest use within subsistence livelihood systems. Given that there are approximately 2 million non-indigenous rural Amazonians in Peru, the forest footprint and market impacts of non-indigenous smallholder forest management are likely to be much greater than recognized. However, very little is known about these endogenous smallholder-led systems. More research is needed to increase our understanding of the heterogeneity of these systems and the opportunities and challenges that they represent.
Book Synopsis Crossing Boundaries for Collaboration by : Stephen G. Perz
Download or read book Crossing Boundaries for Collaboration written by Stephen G. Perz and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2016-08-30 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many societal challenges defy simple solutions within the grasp of one academic discipline, a single type of organization, or a country acting alone. Such “wicked problems” require collaboration that crosses social, political, or geographic boundaries. Collaboration across boundaries is increasingly seen as a necessary way forward, whether for the cases of education, health care, community policing, or international trade. At the same time, collaboration poses its own challenges, and what is more, so too does crossing boundaries. Regardless of the skill set required to achieve a particular goal, collaboration and crossing boundaries make their own demands. Crossing Boundaries for Collaboration brings together multiple bodies of work on collaboration across different kinds of boundaries. It highlights the promise of “collaborative advantage,” while featuring detailed discussions of the challenges involved. It provides a framework for thinking about collaboration in terms of a suite of issues, each with particular tasks and challenges that can be addressed via strategic practices. This book also features an extensive discussion of the importance of boundaries for collaboration, which recognizes that while crossing boundaries complicates collaboration, spanning divides can also magnify collaborative advantage. To illustrate the joys and travails of collaboration across boundaries, this book takes up the case of conservation and development in the Amazon. Well-known for its biological resources, the basin is changing rapidly, and Amazonian societies increasingly demand inclusive approaches to conservation and development. This book draws on firsthand experiences from direct participation in several complicated conservation and development projects that spanned disciplinary, organizational, and national boundaries. While the projects permitted achievement of goals beyond the reach of individual partners, the challenges along the way were daunting. This book focuses on issues of particular salience when collaborating across boundaries: politics and inequality, uncertainty and surprise, and collaboration and the self. It also underscores the strategic importance of investing in collaborative practice and the experience of crossing boundaries, even if an initial effort fails. In light of growing need to address complex problems, this book provides a clarion call to collaborate across boundaries, recognizing the difficulties in order to achieve the advantages.
Book Synopsis REDD+ on the ground by : Erin O Sills
Download or read book REDD+ on the ground written by Erin O Sills and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-12-24 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: REDD+ is one of the leading near-term options for global climate change mitigation. More than 300 subnational REDD+ initiatives have been launched across the tropics, responding to both the call for demonstration activities in the Bali Action Plan and the market for voluntary carbon offset credits.
Book Synopsis Land-Use and Land-Cover Change by : Eric F. Lambin
Download or read book Land-Use and Land-Cover Change written by Eric F. Lambin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-08 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent estimates on the rate of change of major land classes. Aggregated globally, multiple impacts of local land changes are shown to significantly affect central aspects of Earth System functioning. The book offers innovative developments and applications in the fields of modeling and scenario construction. Conclusions are also drawn about the most pressing implications for the design of appropriate intervention policies.
Book Synopsis Oil Palm Expansion and Land Cover Changes in the Peruvian Amazon by :
Download or read book Oil Palm Expansion and Land Cover Changes in the Peruvian Amazon written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land cover change is a major challenge for forest conservation in Amazonia. Forest cover loss and anticipated changes in climate are expected to increase fire incidence in Amazonia with detrimental consequences to human health, climate, and natural ecosystems. In this dissertation I developed remote sensing methods to map and quantify land cover changes attributed to oil palm expansion in the Peruvian Amazon between 2001 and 2010. Then I used these results to assess the role of oil palm expansion on achieving dual goals of agricultural production and forest conservation. Finally I developed maps of burned areas and combined them with the land cover data to model the contribution of land cover changes and variations in drought severity to fire occurrence and spread. I found that high yield oil palm expansion can be effective to reduce the use of land for achieving agricultural production but that incentives for expanding plantations outside forests are essential to guarantee forest conservation.
Book Synopsis Community forest management in the Peruvian Amazon by : Rosa Cossío
Download or read book Community forest management in the Peruvian Amazon written by Rosa Cossío and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-03-19 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review summarizes the published literature, as well as any available information provided by NGOs or project proponents, on the practice of community forest management (CFM) in the Peruvian Amazon. It provides an overview of literature related to land-use and forest management by rural populations in the Peruvian Amazon, placing this information in the broader context of the forestry sector in Peru. The review describes the different manifestations of CFM in Peru and the most widely studied cases of CFM projects. The document also examines some emerging initiatives, summarizes the main challenges for CFM and highlights important areas for future research. One key finding of this review is that there is a general lack of scientific analyses of CFM in Peru: most information is available only via project reports prepared by project proponents and/or donors. The review stresses that community forest management takes many forms. People throughout the Amazon have long relied on forest resources for their shifting cultivation systems, and timber and NTFPs are central to the livelihoods of many. Typically, forest use has occurred informally with little oversight or control by the state. Beginning in the 1980s, environmental NGOs have introduced CFM initiatives in Peru. To date, most CFM projects focus only on indigenous communities to support timber management; by contrast, scientific studies have focused on forest use within subsistence livelihood systems. Given that there are approximately 2 million non-indigenous rural Amazonians in Peru, the forest footprint and market impacts of non-indigenous smallholder forest management are likely to be much greater than recognized. However, very little is known about these endogenous smallholder-led systems. More research is needed to increase our understanding of the heterogeneity of these systems and the opportunities and challenges that they represent.
Book Synopsis Titles, Conflict, and Land Use by : Lee J. Alston
Download or read book Titles, Conflict, and Land Use written by Lee J. Alston and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2010-05-06 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Amazon, the world's largest rain forest, is the last frontier in Brazil. The settlement of large and small farmers, squatters, miners, and loggers in this frontier during the past thirty years has given rise to violent conflicts over land as well as environmental duress. Titles, Conflict, and Land Use examines the institutional development involved in the process of land use and ownership in the Amazon and shows how this phenomenon affects the behavior of the economic actors. It explores the way in which the absence of well-defined property rights in the Amazon has led to both economic and social problems, including lost investment opportunities, high costs in protecting claims, and violence. The relationship between land reform and violence is given special attention. The book offers an important application of the New Institutional Economics by examining a rare instance where institutional change can be empirically observed. This allows the authors to study property rights as they emerge and evolve and to analyze the effects of Amazon development on the economy. In doing so they illustrate well the point that often the evolution of economic institutions will not lead to efficient outcomes. This book will be important not only to economists but also to Latin Americanists, political scientists, anthropologists, and scholars in disciplines concerned with the environment. Lee Alston is Professor of Economics, University of Illinois, and Research Associate for the National Bureau of Economic Research. Gary Libecap is Professor of Economics and Law, University of Arizona, and Research Associate for the National Bureau of Economic Research. Bernardo Mueller is Assistant Professor, Universidade de Brasilia.
Book Synopsis Interdisciplinary Analysis and Modeling of Carbon-Optimized Land Management Strategies for Southern Amazonia by : Gerhard Gerold
Download or read book Interdisciplinary Analysis and Modeling of Carbon-Optimized Land Management Strategies for Southern Amazonia written by Gerhard Gerold and published by Göttingen University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Carbiocial Project investigates viable carbon-optimized land management strategies for maintaining tropical ecosystem services under land use change and changing climate conditions in Southern Amazonia – a hotspot of global change. The project aims at understanding the vital natural processes and socio-economic driving forces in the region and develops strategies to enhance and protect carbon stocks in the recently deforested agroscapes of Central/Northern Mato Grosso and South Pará. That is why Carbiocial analyzes and models soil, water and climate as well as agro-economics, social and political transformations. Based on detailed storylines, the project aims at identifying possible entry-points for a necessary change in local and regional production patterns, considering local livelihoods as well as the present national and global economic, legal and political situation. This book gives an overview of the first results of the multi-disciplinary Carbiocial Project by publishing the main presentations, held on the Carbiocial Status Conference, on October 7-8, 2013, in Cuiabá. In sixteen chapters the authors elucidate the project‘s current state of knowledge, illustrating adapted methods for regional modeling and promising strategies for the Amazon development.
Book Synopsis Migration and forests in the Peruvian Amazon by : Menton, M.
Download or read book Migration and forests in the Peruvian Amazon written by Menton, M. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2019-06-11 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the literature on the links between migration and forests in the Peruvian Amazon. It highlights not only the complexity of the migrant–forest interface in Peru but also the relative lack of research on these dynamics. Historically, offi
Book Synopsis Interactions Between Biosphere, Atmosphere and Human Land Use in the Amazon Basin by : Laszlo Nagy
Download or read book Interactions Between Biosphere, Atmosphere and Human Land Use in the Amazon Basin written by Laszlo Nagy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-09 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a panorama of recent scientific achievements produced through the framework of the Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere programme (LBA) and other research programmes in the Brazilian Amazon. The content is highly interdisciplinary, with an overarching aim to contribute to the understanding of the dynamic biophysical and societal/socio-economic structure and functioning of Amazonia as a regional entity and its regional and global climatic teleconnections. The target readership includes advanced undergraduate and post-graduate students and researchers seeking to untangle the gamut of interactions that the Amazon’s complex biophysical and social system represent.
Book Synopsis Observing, Modeling and Understanding Processes in Natural and Managed Peatlands by : Michel Bechtold
Download or read book Observing, Modeling and Understanding Processes in Natural and Managed Peatlands written by Michel Bechtold and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-05-25 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Integrating adaptation and mitigation in climate change and land-use policies in Peru by : Emilia Pramova
Download or read book Integrating adaptation and mitigation in climate change and land-use policies in Peru written by Emilia Pramova and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interactions between climate change adaptation and mitigation are particularly evident in agriculture, forestry and other land-use-based activities. Adaptation projects can affect ecosystems and their ability to sequester and store carbon, while mitigation projects can enhance adaptive capacity or increase the vulnerability of people. These interactions must be considered when designing policies and strategies. The discussion on policy integration of climate change adaptation and mitigation should focus on two issues: (1) integrating adaptation and mitigation in climate change policies to consider multiple goals, assess trade-offs and seek mutually supportive outcomes; and (2) integrating adaptation and mitigation jointly into sectoral policies, such as agriculture or forestry, in order to balance trade-offs and maximize co-benefits between climate change and other objectives. National strategies and plans related to climate change in Peru as well as key land-use policies encompass both adaptation and mitigation objectives. Frameworks have been developed for the integrated implementation of adaptation and mitigation in the new National Climate Change Strategy and draft National Forests and Climate Change Strategy. Although most of the other strategies and action plans do not mention the joint implementation of adaptation and mitigation, they do emphasis delivery of ecosystem services. And enhancing ecosystem services can ultimately benefit both adaptation and mitigation and other national priorities. What is needed is a strong focus on information and knowledge generation and management and an assessment of the current and potential impacts of national and subnational policies on ecosystem services at different scales. Establishing mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating policy implementation, stakeholder engagement and adaptive management are also crucial.
Book Synopsis Land-use Legacies in Shifting Cultivation Systems of the Peruvian Amazon by : Sylvia Louise Wood
Download or read book Land-use Legacies in Shifting Cultivation Systems of the Peruvian Amazon written by Sylvia Louise Wood and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Shifting cultivation is a dominant but controversial land use in tropical forest regions. Although it forms the economic backbone for millions of remote forest-dwelling farmers, shifting cultivation has also been blamed as a leading driver of deforestation and degradation. With the expansion of more intensive land-use practices in tropical regions, however, shifting cultivation is being re-examined as a potential win-win solution to the dual challenges of conservation and rural livelihoods. Preservation of forest cover through fallows helps to maintain soil fertility and biodiversity needed for these systems to remain productive and to support ecosystem services over decades or centuries of repeated cultivation. To date, few studies have examined the capacity of forest fallows to maintain these ecological functions as the length and intensity of land management increases. Fewer still have examined how the socio-economic status of farmers may influence these patterns. In this dissertation, I examined the cumulative ecological impacts of repeated shifting cultivation on a suite of ecosystem services provided by forest fallows after 50+ years of land management in a small farming community in the Peruvian Amazon. I also explored the links between economic inequality (as measured by total landholdings) and ecosystem service provision through wealth-mediated land management practices. Using a combination of household interviews, geo-spatial mapping of fields and ecological sampling, I found that fallow soil fertility declined with number of past cultivation cycles and with rising land-use intensity but retained sufficient levels of soil organic matter to support continued crop production. Fallow tree biodiversity declined continuously with time since clearing and was not influenced by past land management practices. These ecological outcomes were in part moderated by the size of farmers' landholdings. Soils of larger landholders had higher soil fertility than those of smaller landholders as a result of less intensive land use practiced by these farmers, while fallows of larger landholders also harbored more and different late successional and climax species than fallows of smaller landholders. In a comparison of trade-offs among ecosystem services provided by commercially-oriented orchards (more often planted by large landholders) and fallows (more typical of smaller landholders), I found that orchards provided moderate economic benefits over fallows with few lasting negative effects on biodiversity and ecosystem services when planted at small scales. My results suggest that shifting cultivation may provide a reasonable win-win solution for conservation and livelihoods goals. If managed well, these lands can maintain soil fertility, but will gradually lose tree biodiversity through time. Contrary to popular thought, inequality in landholdings may actually help to retain a larger species pool across the landscape by preserving distinct sets of species under different management regimes. Although characterized by mostly fast growing and reproducing pioneer species, these forest fallows appear to maintain many of the basic forest ecological functions needed to support continued shifting cultivation. " --
Book Synopsis Geographic Patters of Land Use and Lande Intensity in the Brazilian Amazon by : Kenneth M. Chomitz
Download or read book Geographic Patters of Land Use and Lande Intensity in the Brazilian Amazon written by Kenneth M. Chomitz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly 90 percent of agricultural land in the Brazilian Amazon is used for pasture, or has been cleared and left unused. Pasture on average is used with very low productivity. Analysis based on census tract data shows that agricultural conversion of forested areas in the wetter western Amazon would be even less productive, using current technologies.
