Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Progressive Taxation Of Extractive Resources As Second Best Optimal Policy
Download Progressive Taxation Of Extractive Resources As Second Best Optimal Policy full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Progressive Taxation Of Extractive Resources As Second Best Optimal Policy ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Progressive Taxation of Extractive Resources as Second-Best Optimal Policy by : Jean-François Wen
Download or read book Progressive Taxation of Extractive Resources as Second-Best Optimal Policy written by Jean-François Wen and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper provides a critical review of the literature on the concept of progressivity in the taxation of petroleum and mineral resources and offers a fresh perspective on its purpose and measurement. Regressive taxes, such as royalties, exist to satisfy policy objectives other than revenue maximization, such as achieving early revenues, while rent-based or profit-sensitive fiscal instruments must be designed with progressive marginal rates to maximize government revenues. Hence, the emphasis should be placed on tax rate progression of the direct taxation of profit or rent, rather than progressivity in the overall government take. However, as regressive taxes, by their very nature, tend to be distortionary, the optimal degree of progression in the rent- or profit-tax rates must take these distortions into account. The central ideas are illustrated with a simple analytical model in which a second-best optimal tax rate schedule on profit is characterized in the presence of the tax distortions caused by the regressive taxes. Some practical implications of the analysis are discussed.
Book Synopsis Issues in Extractive Resource Taxation by : Mr.James L. Smith
Download or read book Issues in Extractive Resource Taxation written by Mr.James L. Smith and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a conceptual overview of economists’ attempts to learn about the effects of taxes on extractive resources. The emphasis is on research methods and techniques, with no attempt to provide a comprehensive tabulation of previous empirical results or policy conclusions regarding preferred tax instruments or systems. We argue, in fact, that the nature of such conclusions largely depends on the researcher’s choice of modeling framework. Many alternative frameworks and approaches have been developed in the literature. Our goal is to describe the differences among them and to note their strengths and limitations.
Book Synopsis Fiscal Regimes for Extractive Industries—Design and Implementation by : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Download or read book Fiscal Regimes for Extractive Industries—Design and Implementation written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Better designed and implemented fiscal regimes for oil, gas, and mining can make a substantial contribution to the revenue needs of many developing countries while ensuring an attractive return for investors, according to a new policy paper from the International Monetary Fund. Revenues from extractive industries (EIs) have major macroeconomic implications. The EIs account for over half of government revenues in many petroleum-rich countries, and for over 20 percent in mining countries. About one-third of IMF member countries find (or could find) resource revenues “macro-critical” – especially with large numbers of recent new discoveries and planned oil, gas, and mining developments. IMF policy advice and technical assistance in the field has massively expanded in recent years – driven by demand from member countries and supported by increased donor finance. The paper sets out the analytical framework underpinning, and key elements of, the country-specific advice given. Also available in Arabic: ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????????: ??????? ???????? Also available in French: Régimes fiscaux des industries extractives: conception et application Also available in Spanish: Regímenes fiscales de las industrias extractivas: Diseño y aplicación
Book Synopsis Taxing Windfall Profits in the Energy Sector by : Mr. Thomas Baunsgaard
Download or read book Taxing Windfall Profits in the Energy Sector written by Mr. Thomas Baunsgaard and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-08-30 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surge in fossil fuel prices in 2022 has generated substantial windfall profits in the energy sector. Policymakers in many countries are exploring policies to tax part of these profits. Excess profits can be taxed by tax instruments targeted at economic rents that avoid discouraging investment and limit any impact on further price increases. Many fossil fuel producing countries already have an adequate rent-capturing fiscal instrument in place. Others may consider introducing a permanent tax on windfall profits from fossil fuel extraction but should be more cautious about temporary and possibly poorly designed windfall profit taxes. Given the importance of encouraging decarbonatization of energy generation, it seems counter-intuitive to introduce exceptional tax measures on renewable electricity generation.
Book Synopsis Excess Profit Taxes: Historical Perspective and Contemporary Relevance by : Mr. Shafik Hebous
Download or read book Excess Profit Taxes: Historical Perspective and Contemporary Relevance written by Mr. Shafik Hebous and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-09-16 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the design of excess profits taxes (EPTs) that gained renewed interest following the COVID-19 outbreak and the recent surge in energy prices. EPTs can be designed as an efficient tax only falling on economic rent, like an allowance for corporate capital, and drawing some parallels with current proposals for reforming multinationals’ taxation. EPTs can be permanent or temporary as an add-on to the corporate income tax to support revenue during an adverse shock episode. The latter reflects experiences with EPTs during and after the World Wars. Different from that era, though, profit shifting is now a challenge. Estimation using firm-level data suggest that, at present, locations of excess profit across countries are consistent with profit shifting practices by multinationals. Destination-based EPTs can address this concern. Estimates suggest that a 10 percent EPT on the globally consolidated accounts of multinationals (on top of the current corporate income tax), with the EPT base being allocated using sales, raises global revenue by 16 percent of corporate income tax revenues. The analysis suggests that international coordination would be desirable to mitigate the risks of profit shifting and tax competition. Eventually, EPTs could mark an evolution of corporate taxation toward a non-distortionary rent tax.
Book Synopsis Corporate Income Taxes under Pressure by : Ruud A. de Mooij
Download or read book Corporate Income Taxes under Pressure written by Ruud A. de Mooij and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-02-26 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes the difficulties of the current international corporate income tax system. It starts by describing its origins and how changes, such as the development of multinational enterprises and digitalization have created fundamental problems, not foreseen at its inception. These include tax competition—as governments try to attract tax bases through low tax rates or incentives, and profit shifting, as companies avoid tax by reporting profits in jurisdictions with lower tax rates. The book then discusses solutions, including both evolutionary changes to the current system and fundamental reform options. It covers both reform efforts already under way, for example under the Inclusive Framework at the OECD, and potential radical reform ideas developed by academics.
Book Synopsis Tax Policy and Inclusive Growth by : Khaled Abdel-Kader
Download or read book Tax Policy and Inclusive Growth written by Khaled Abdel-Kader and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 2020-12-04 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the theory and practice of tax design to achieve an efficient and equitable outcome, i.e. in support of inclusive growth. It starts with a discussion of the key principles from tax theory to guide practical tax design. Then, it elaborates on more granular tax policy, discussing key choices in the structure of the personal income tax on labor and capital income, taxes on wealth, the corporate income tax, and consumption taxes. The paper concludes by highlighting the political economy considerations of the issues with concrete recommedtions as to how to implement tax reform.
Book Synopsis Key Issues in Natural Resource Taxation and Revenue Management in the Commonwealth by : Daniel Wilde
Download or read book Key Issues in Natural Resource Taxation and Revenue Management in the Commonwealth written by Daniel Wilde and published by Commonwealth Secretariat. This book was released on 2016-10-11 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public policies in taxation and revenue management are key to ensuring natural resource wealth results in economic development. Tax policy and systems should ensure that whenever natural resources are extracted, the host state receives a fair share of revenue. Revenue management policies are required to ensure that government revenues from natural resources are wisely used to finance sustainable economic development. This Economic Paper analyses key issues in natural resource taxation and revenue management and recommends policies that can improve countries’ economic performance. The discussion draws on economic theory, empirical evidence and the work of the Commonwealth Secretariat.
Book Synopsis Revenue Mobilization in Developing Countries by : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Download or read book Revenue Mobilization in Developing Countries written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-08-03 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fund has long played a lead role in supporting developing countries’ efforts to improve their revenue mobilization. This paper draws on that experience to review issues and good practice, and to assess prospects in this key area.
Download or read book Mining Royalties written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a wealth of information and analysis relating to mineral royalties. Primary information includes royalty legislation from over forty nations. Analysis is comprehensive and addresses issues of importance to diverse stakeholders including government policymakers, tax administrators, society, local communities and mining companies. Extensive footnotes and citations provide a valuable resource for researchers.
Book Synopsis Is Fiscal Policy the Answer? by : Blanca Moreno-Dodson
Download or read book Is Fiscal Policy the Answer? written by Blanca Moreno-Dodson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-10 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiscal policy is an important instrument for maintaining and improving living standards. Such living standards can be viewed as an outcome of the interaction between the opportunities offered by society and the readiness and ability of each person to exploit them. Under certain circumstances, public finance can make an important contribution to the creation of opportunities within a given society by raising resources from the private sector through taxation or borrowing (domestic and external) and allocating those resources effectively and equitably in the form of public spending, including through public goods and transfers. The first chapters in this volume sketch out a framework that policy makers can use in adopting a more cohesive or integrated approach to the short- and long-term dimensions of fiscal policy. Here the traditional threefold rationale for fiscal policy proposed by Musgrave-stabilization, resource allocation, and distribution-continues to be useful. Other chapters in this volume take up some of the critical institutional challenges in implementing fiscal policy for longer-term growth and development. These chapters also look at the tools and approaches being developed to address these challenges. Improving the quality of public investment management is a particular priority in view of the recent evidence that as little as half of all public investment expenditure translates into productive capital stock. The last chapter in this volume is a case study of fiscal responses to the great recession in low-income Sub-Saharan Africa, looking at stabilization and the longer-run growth, as well as distributional aspects of such responses. The growing depth of domestic financial markets in many African countries rather unexpectedly is turning out to be a critical source of financing for fiscal policy responses.
Book Synopsis Strengthening Domestic Resource Mobilization by : Raul Felix Junquera-Varela
Download or read book Strengthening Domestic Resource Mobilization written by Raul Felix Junquera-Varela and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public spending plays a key role in the economic growth and development of most developing economies. This book analyzes revenues, policy, and administration of Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM) in developing countries. It provides a broad landscape of practical examples, drawing from lessons learned in World Bank operations across Global Practices over the past several decades. It should be thought of as a starting point for a more comprehensive research agenda rather than a complete inventory itself. This book reviews the trends in tax revenue collection in developing countries. It provides an overview of efforts to close the revenue gap, many of which have been supported by World Bank operations. The book reviews the special challenges facing low income countries, which have traditionally relied on indirect revenues in the context of limited formalization of their economies. An overview of tax policy and administration reform programs is presented, with an overview of outstanding issues that will shape the policy agenda in years ahead.
Book Synopsis The Taxation of Petroleum and Minerals by : Philip Daniel
Download or read book The Taxation of Petroleum and Minerals written by Philip Daniel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-04-15 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil, gas and mineral deposits are a substantial part of the wealth of many countries, not least in developing and emerging market economies. Harnessing some part of that wealth for fiscal purposes is critical for economic development: in few areas of economic life are the returns to good policy so large, or mistakes so costly.
Book Synopsis Tax Policy, Leverage and Macroeconomic Stability by : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Download or read book Tax Policy, Leverage and Macroeconomic Stability written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-12-10 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risks to macroeconomic stability posed by excessive private leverage are significantly amplified by tax distortions. ‘Debt bias’ (tax provisions favoring finance by debt rather than equity) has increased leverage in both the household and corporate sectors, and is now widely recognized as a significant macroeconomic concern. This paper presents new evidence of the extent of debt bias, including estimates for banks and non-bank financial institutions both before and after the global financial crisis. It presents policy options to alleviate debt bias, and assesses their effectiveness. The paper finds that thin capitalization rules restricting interest deductibility have only partially been able to address debt bias, but that an allowance for corporate equity has generally proved effective. The paper concludes that debt bias should feature prominently in countries’ tax reform plans in the coming years.
Book Synopsis The Theory of Taxation for Developing Countries by : David M. G. Newbery
Download or read book The Theory of Taxation for Developing Countries written by David M. G. Newbery and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1987 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by experts in the field, this book uses the modern theory of public finance to analyze tax and pricing policy in developing countries.
Book Synopsis Rents to Riches? by : Naazneen Barma
Download or read book Rents to Riches? written by Naazneen Barma and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-12-08 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the political economy surrounding the detailed decisions that governments make at each step of the value chain for natural resource management. From the perspective of public interest or good governance, many resource-dependent developing countries pursue apparently short-sighted and sub-optimal policies in relation to the extraction and capture of resource rents, and to spending and savings from their resource endowments. This work contextualizes these micro-level choices and outcomes.
Book Synopsis Taxing Profit in a Global Economy by : Michael P. Devereux
Download or read book Taxing Profit in a Global Economy written by Michael P. Devereux and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The international tax system is in dire need of reform. It allows multinational companies to shift profits to low tax jurisdictions and thus reduce their global effective tax rates. A major international project, launched in 2013, aimed to fix the system, but failed to seriously analyse the fundamental aims and rationales for the taxation of multinationals' profit, and in particular where profit should be taxed. As this project nears its completion, it is becomingincreasingly clear that the fundamental structural weaknesses in the system will remain. This book, produced by a group of economists and lawyers, adopts a different approach and starts from first principles in order to generate an international tax system fit for the 21st century. This approach examines fundamental issues of principle and practice in the taxation of business profit and the allocation of taxing rights over such profit amongst countries, paying attention to the interests and circumstances of advanced and developing countries. Once this conceptual framework is developed, the book evaluates the existing system and potential reform options against it. A number of reform options are considered, ranging from those requiring marginal change to radically different systems. Some options have been discussed widely. Others, particularly Residual Profit Split systems and a Destination Based Cash-Flow Tax, are more innovative and have been developed at some length and in depth for the first time in this book. Their common feature is that they assign taxing rights partly/fully to the location of relatively immobile factors: shareholders or consumers.
