Progress In Laboratory High Gain Icf Inertial Confinement Fusion

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Progress in Laboratory High Gain ICF (inertial Confinement Fusion)

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Download or read book Progress in Laboratory High Gain ICF (inertial Confinement Fusion) written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inertial confinement fusion (ICF), a thermonuclear reaction in a small ((approximately)5 mm diameter) fuel capsule filled with a few milligrams of deuterium and tritium, has been the subject of very fruitful experimentation since the early 1970's. High gain ICF is now on the threshold of practical applications. With a Laboratory Microfusion Facility (LMF), these applications will have major implications for national defense, basic and applied science, and power production. With a driver capable of delivering about 10 MJ in a 10-ns pulse at an intensity of (approximately)3 x 1014 W/cm2, an appropriately configured cryogenic capsule could be compressed to a density of about 200 g/cm3 and a temperature of 3--5 keV. Under these conditions, up to 10 mg of DT could be ignited, and with a burn efficiency of about 30%, release up to 1000 MJ of fusion energy, an energy gain of about 100. A thousand megajoules is equivalent to about one quarter ton of TNT, or about 7 gallons of oil--an amount of energy tractable under laboratory conditions and potentially very useful for a variety of applications. 61 refs., 33 figs.

Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). [Review of Research Progress].

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
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Download or read book Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). [Review of Research Progress]. written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal goal of the inertial confinement fusion program is the development of a practical fusion power plant in this century. Rapid progress has been made in the four major areas of ICF--targets, drivers, fusion experiments, and reactors. High gain targets have been designed. Laser, electron beam, and heavy ion accelerator drivers appear to be feasible. Record-breaking thermonuclear conditions have been experimentally achieved. Detailed diagnostics of laser implosions have confirmed predictions of the LASNEX computer program. Experimental facilities are being planned and constructed capable of igniting high gain fusion microexplosions in the mid 1980's. A low cost long lifetime reactor design has been developed.

The LLNL (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) ICF (Inertial Confinement Fusion) Program

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (893 download)

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Book Synopsis The LLNL (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) ICF (Inertial Confinement Fusion) Program by :

Download or read book The LLNL (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) ICF (Inertial Confinement Fusion) Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) Program at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has made substantial progress in target physics, target diagnostics, and laser science and technology. In each area, progress required the development of experimental techniques and computational modeling. The objectives of the target physics experiments in the Nova laser facility are to address and understand critical physics issues that determine the conditions required to achieve ignition and gain in an ICF capsule. The LLNL experimental program primarily addresses indirect-drive implosions, in which the capsule is driven by x rays produced by the interaction of the laser light with a high-Z plasma. Experiments address both the physics of generating the radiation environment in a laser-driven hohlraum and the physics associated with imploding ICF capsules to ignition and high-gain conditions in the absence of alpha deposition. Recent experiments and modeling have established much of the physics necessary to validate the basic concept of ignition and ICF target gain in the laboratory. The rapid progress made in the past several years, and in particular, recent results showing higher radiation drive temperatures and implosion velocities than previously obtained and assumed for high-gain target designs, has led LLNL to propose an upgrade of the Nova laser to 1.5 to 2 MJ (at 0.35 [mu]m) to demonstrate ignition and energy gains of 10 to 20 -- the Nova Upgrade.

Progress in Inertial Confinement Fusion at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Download or read book Progress in Inertial Confinement Fusion at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goals of the Inertial Fusion Program at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are to study matter under extreme conditions of temperature and pressure and to produce fusion energy from inertially confined fusion fuel. With the conclusion of recent multi-kilojoule 0.53 .mu.m experiments on Novette, we have demonstrated vastly improved plasma conditions compared to those previously obtained at LLNL with similar energies at 1.06 .mu.m and elsewhere with 10 .mu.m radiation. The lower preheat environment obtainable with short wavelength light has led to 3X improvements in the compression of targets on Novette compared to similar targets on Shiva with 1.06 .mu.m. Subsequent experiments on Nova with short wavelength light will begin in 1985. They are expected to demonstrate the necessary compression conditions required for high gain fusion to occur when irradiated with a multi-megajoule driver. These recent results, together with improved calculations, and innovations in driver and reactor technology, indicate that high gain inertial fusion will occur and is a viable candidate for fusion power production in the future.

Prospects for Inertial Fusion as an Energy Source

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Total Pages : pages
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Download or read book Prospects for Inertial Fusion as an Energy Source written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in the Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) Program has been very rapid in the last few years. Target physics experiments with laboratory lasers and in underground nuclear tests have shown that the drive conditions necessary to achieve high gain can be achieved in the laboratory with a pulse-shaped driver of about 10 MJ. Requirements and designs for a Laboratory Microfusion Facility (LMF) have been formulated. Research on driver technology necessary for an ICF reactor is making progress. Prospects for ICF as an energy source are very promising. 11 refs., 5 figs.

Assessment of Inertial Confinement Fusion Targets

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309270626
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Inertial Confinement Fusion Targets by : National Research Council

Download or read book Assessment of Inertial Confinement Fusion Targets written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-07-17 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the fall of 2010, the Office of the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Secretary for Science asked for a National Research Council (NRC) committee to investigate the prospects for generating power using inertial confinement fusion (ICF) concepts, acknowledging that a key test of viability for this concept-ignition -could be demonstrated at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in the relatively near term. The committee was asked to provide an unclassified report. However, DOE indicated that to fully assess this topic, the committee's deliberations would have to be informed by the results of some classified experiments and information, particularly in the area of ICF targets and nonproliferation. Thus, the Panel on the Assessment of Inertial Confinement Fusion Targets ("the panel") was assembled, composed of experts able to access the needed information. The panel was charged with advising the Committee on the Prospects for Inertial Confinement Fusion Energy Systems on these issues, both by internal discussion and by this unclassified report. A Panel on Fusion Target Physics ("the panel") will serve as a technical resource to the Committee on Inertial Confinement Energy Systems ("the Committee") and will prepare a report that describes the R&D challenges to providing suitable targets, on the basis of parameters established and provided to the Panel by the Committee. The Panel on Fusion Target Physics will prepare a report that will assess the current performance of fusion targets associated with various ICF concepts in order to understand: 1. The spectrum output; 2. The illumination geometry; 3. The high-gain geometry; and 4. The robustness of the target design. The panel addressed the potential impacts of the use and development of current concepts for Inertial Fusion Energy on the proliferation of nuclear weapons information and technology, as appropriate. The Panel examined technology options, but does not provide recommendations specific to any currently operating or proposed ICF facility.

Energy from Inertial Fusion

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy from Inertial Fusion by : International Atomic Energy Agency

Download or read book Energy from Inertial Fusion written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication describes the current scientific, engineering and technological developments in the field of inertial confinement fusion (ICF). It provides an introduction to ICF as well as an overview of the various technologies needed for inertial fusion power plant development. It was compiled by an international group of experts under the auspices of an IAEA Advisory Group on Inertial Fusion Energy and is intended for a large audience, e.g. policy makers, scientists, engineers or technologists in other fields, and students.

Inertial Confinement Fusion

Author : John Lindl
Publisher : American Institute of Physics
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Inertial Confinement Fusion by : John Lindl

Download or read book Inertial Confinement Fusion written by John Lindl and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 1998-05-22 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using four-color throughout, this volume was subsidized by Lawrence Livermore Labs, where the Department of Defense funds research (within the National Ignition Faculty) into nuclear-weapons safety and fusion-energy production. Written by a chief researcher at the pre-eminent center of research in the nation, the book contains sufficient background, introductory material, and valuable information that is required reading in fusion research.

An Assessment of the Prospects for Inertial Fusion Energy

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309272246
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis An Assessment of the Prospects for Inertial Fusion Energy by : National Research Council

Download or read book An Assessment of the Prospects for Inertial Fusion Energy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-07-05 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential for using fusion energy to produce commercial electric power was first explored in the 1950s. Harnessing fusion energy offers the prospect of a nearly carbon-free energy source with a virtually unlimited supply of fuel. Unlike nuclear fission plants, appropriately designed fusion power plants would not produce the large amounts of high-level nuclear waste that requires long-term disposal. Due to these prospects, many nations have initiated research and development (R&D) programs aimed at developing fusion as an energy source. Two R&D approaches are being explored: magnetic fusion energy (MFE) and inertial fusion energy (IFE). An Assessment of the Prospects for Inertial Fusion Energy describes and assesses the current status of IFE research in the United States; compares the various technical approaches to IFE; and identifies the scientific and engineering challenges associated with developing inertial confinement fusion (ICF) in particular as an energy source. It also provides guidance on an R&D roadmap at the conceptual level for a national program focusing on the design and construction of an inertial fusion energy demonstration plant.

Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030908637X
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics by : National Research Council

Download or read book Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-11 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent scientific and technical advances have made it possible to create matter in the laboratory under conditions relevant to astrophysical systems such as supernovae and black holes. These advances will also benefit inertial confinement fusion research and the nation's nuclear weapon's program. The report describes the major research facilities on which such high energy density conditions can be achieved and lists a number of key scientific questions about high energy density physics that can be addressed by this research. Several recommendations are presented that would facilitate the development of a comprehensive strategy for realizing these research opportunities.

Progress Toward High-gain Laser Fusion

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Download or read book Progress Toward High-gain Laser Fusion written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 1985-1986 Review of the US inertial confinement fusion program by the National Academy of Sciences concluded that five more years might be required to obtain enough data to determine the future course of the program. Since then, data from the Nova laser and from the Halite/Centurion program have resolved most of the outstanding problems identified by the NAS review. In particular, we now believe that we can produce a sufficiently uniform target; that we can keep the energy content in hot electrons and high-energy photons low enough (/approximately/1--10% of drive energy, depending on target design) and achieve enough pulse-shaping accuracy (/approximately/10%, with a dynamic range of 100:1) to keep the fuel on a near-Fermi-degenerate adiabat; that we can produce an /approximately/100-Mbar pressure pulse of sufficient uniformity (/approximately/1%), and can we control hydrodynamic instabilities so that the mix of the pusher into the hot spot is low enough to permit marginal ignition. These results are sufficiently encouraging that the US Department of Energy is planning to complete a 10-MJ laboratory microfusion facility to demonstrate high-gain ICF in the laboratory within a decade. 22 refs., 1 fig.

Advances in Inertial Confinement Fusion at the National Ignition Facility (NIF).

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Download or read book Advances in Inertial Confinement Fusion at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 192-beam National Ignition Facility (NIF) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in Livermore, CA, is now operational and conducting experiments. NIF, the flagship facility of the U.S. Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) Program, will achieve high-energy-density conditions never previously obtained in the laboratory - temperatures over 100 million K, densities of 1,000 g/cm3, and pressures exceeding 100 billion atmospheres. Such conditions exist naturally only in the interiors of the stars and during thermonuclear burn. Demonstration of ignition and thermonuclear burn in the laboratory is a major NIF goal. To date, the NIF laser has demonstrated all pulse shape, beam quality, energy, and other specifications required to meet the ignition challenge. On March 10, 2009, the NIF laser delivered 1.1 MJ of ultraviolet laser energy to target chamber center, approximately 30 times more energy than any previous facility. The ignition program at NIF is the National Ignition Campaign (NIC), a national collaboration for ignition experimentation with participation from General Atomics, LLNL, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), and the University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE). The achievement of ignition at NIF will demonstrate the scientific feasibility of ICF and focus worldwide attention on fusion as a viable energy option. A particular energy concept under investigation is the LIFE (Laser Inertial Fusion Energy) scheme. The LIFE engine is inherently safe, minimizes proliferation concerns associated with the nuclear fuel cycle, and can provide a sustainable carbon-free energy generation solution in the 21st century. This talk will describe NIF and its potential as a user facility and an experimental platform for high-energy-density science, NIC, and the LIFE approach for clean, sustainable energy.

Inertial Confinement Fusion

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (126 download)

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Download or read book Inertial Confinement Fusion written by and published by . This book was released on 1995-04 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Review of the Department of Energy's Inertial Confinement Fusion Program

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309057787
Total Pages : 63 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Review of the Department of Energy's Inertial Confinement Fusion Program by : National Research Council

Download or read book Review of the Department of Energy's Inertial Confinement Fusion Program written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-04-24 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nuclear Fusion by Inertial Confinement

Author : Guillermo Velarde
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000141985
Total Pages : 784 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Fusion by Inertial Confinement by : Guillermo Velarde

Download or read book Nuclear Fusion by Inertial Confinement written by Guillermo Velarde and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Fusion by Inertial Confinement provides a comprehensive analysis of directly driven inertial confinement fusion. All important aspects of the process are covered, including scientific considerations that support the concept, lasers and particle beams as drivers, target fabrication, analytical and numerical calculations, and materials and engineering considerations. Authors from Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, Spain, and the U.S. have contributed to the volume, making it an internationally significant work for all scientists working in the Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) field, as well as for graduate students in engineering and physics with interest in ICF.

Recent Progress in Inertial Confinement Fusion at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Download or read book Recent Progress in Inertial Confinement Fusion at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Shiva and Argus laser systems at Livermore have been developed to study the physics of inertial confinement fusion. Both laser system designs are predicated on the use of large aperture Nd-glass disk amplifiers and high power spatial filters. During the past year we have irradiated DT filled microshell targets with and without polymer coatings. Recently new instruments have been developed to investigate implosion dynamics and to determine the maximum fuel density achieved by these imploded fusion pellets. A series of target irradiations with thin wall microshells at 15 to 20 TW, exploding pusher designs, resulted in a maximum neutron yield of 3 x 101°. Polymer coated microshells designed for high compression were subjected to 4 kJ for 0.2 ns and reached fuel densities of 2.0 to 3.0 gm/cm3. Results of these and other recent experiments will be reviewed.

Inertial Fusion Results from Nova and Implication for the Future of ICF.

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (893 download)

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Download or read book Inertial Fusion Results from Nova and Implication for the Future of ICF. written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key objective of the US Inertial Confinement Fusion Program is to obtain high yield (100-1000 MJ) implosions in a laboratory environment. This requires high grain from an inertial fusion target from a driver capable of delivering about 10 MJ. Recent results have been sufficiently encouraging that the US Department of Energy is planning for such a capability called the Laboratory Microfusion Facility (LMF). In the past two years, we have conducted implosion-related experiments with approximately 20 kJ of 0.35-[mu]m laser light in 1-ns temporally flat-topped pulses. These experiments were done with the Nova laser, the primary US facility devoted to radiatively driven inertial confinement fusion. Our results show that we can accurately model a significant fraction of the phenomena required to obtain the fuel conditions needed for high gain. Both the x-ray conversion efficiency and the growth of Rayleigh-Taylor hydrodynamic instabilities are shown to be at acceptable levels. Targets designed so that the shape of the stagnated fuel can be imaged show that the x-ray drive in our hohlraums can be made isotropic to better than 3%. With this optimized drive and temporally unshaped laser pulses many critical implosion parameters are measured on targets designed for higher density. Good agreement is obtained with one-dimensional simulations. Maximum compressions of between 20--30 in radius are measured with a variety of diagnostics. Improvements in the driver technology are demonstrated; we anticipate operation of Nova at the 50-kJ level at 3[omega]. 18 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.