Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Production And Diagnostic Measurements Of A Pulsed High Density Kilovolt Plasma Employing A Noncylindrical Z Pinch
Download Production And Diagnostic Measurements Of A Pulsed High Density Kilovolt Plasma Employing A Noncylindrical Z Pinch full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Production And Diagnostic Measurements Of A Pulsed High Density Kilovolt Plasma Employing A Noncylindrical Z Pinch ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Production and Diagnostic Measurements of a Pulsed High Density Kilovolt Plasma Employing a Noncylindrical Z Pinch by : Carl Boyd Hilland
Download or read book Production and Diagnostic Measurements of a Pulsed High Density Kilovolt Plasma Employing a Noncylindrical Z Pinch written by Carl Boyd Hilland and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1971-04 with total page 1658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plasma Physics Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exploring Plasma Stability and Confinement with High Resolution Density Measurements on the ZaP-HD Flow Z-Pinch by : Michael Patrick Ross
Download or read book Exploring Plasma Stability and Confinement with High Resolution Density Measurements on the ZaP-HD Flow Z-Pinch written by Michael Patrick Ross and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ZaP-HD Flow Z-Pinch project provides a platform to explore how shear flow stabilized Z-pinches could scale to high-energy-density plasma (plasma with pressures exceeding 1~Mbar) and fusion reactor conditions. The Z-pinch is a linear plasma confinement geometry in which the plasma carries axial electric current and is confined by its self-induced magnetic field. ZaP-HD generates shear stabilized, axisymmetric Z-pinches with stable lifetimes approaching 60ms. The goal of the project is to increase the plasma density and temperature compared to the previous ZaP project by compressing the plasma to smaller radii (~1mm). Radial and axial plasma electron density structure is measured using digital holographic interferometry (DHI), which provides the necessary fine spatial resolution. ZaP-HD's DHI system uses a 2ns Nd:YAG laser pulse with a second harmonic generator (lambda = 532nm) to produce holograms recorded by a Nikon D3200 digital camera. The holograms are numerically reconstructed with the Fresnel transform reconstruction method to obtain the phase shift caused by the interaction of the laser beam with the plasma. This provides a two-dimensional map of line-integrated electron density, which can be Abel inverted to determine the local number density. The DHI resolves line-integrated densities down to 3 X 1020m−2 with spatial resolution near 10 micro m. This dissertation presents the first application of Fresnel transform reconstruction as an analysis technique for a plasma diagnostic, and it analyzes the method's accuracy through study of synthetic data. It then presents an Abel inversion procedure that utilizes data on both sides of a Z-pinch local number density profile to maximize profile symmetry. Density measurements from DHI reveal the quality of ZaP-HD's confinement, specifically its scaling properties. DHI measurements also enable an evaluation of Z-pinch stability metrics.
Book Synopsis Z-pinch Diagnostics, Plasma and Liner Instabilities and New X-ray Techniques by :
Download or read book Z-pinch Diagnostics, Plasma and Liner Instabilities and New X-ray Techniques written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pulse power experiments of the last several decades have contributed greatly to the understanding of high temperature and high density plasmas and, more recently, to the study of hydrodynamic effects in thick imploding cylinders. Common to all these experiments is the application of a large current pulse to a cylindrically symmetric load, with the resulting Lorenz force compressing the load to produce hydrodynamic motion and/or high temperature, high density plasma. In Los Alamos, Pulsed power experiments are carried out at two facilities. Experiments at low current (from several million to ten million Amperes) are conducted on the Pegasus II capacitor bank. Experiments with higher currents (10's to 100's MA range) are performed in Ancho Canyon with the explosively driven Procyon and MAGO magnetic flux compression generator systems. In this paper, the authors present a survey of diagnostic capabilities and results from several sets of experiments. First, they discuss the initiation and growth of instabilities in plasmas generated from the implosion of hollow z-pinches in the pegasus and Procyon experiments. Next they discuss spectroscopic data from the plasmas produced by the MAGO system. They also show time resolved imaging data from thick ((approximately) .4 mm) liner implosions. Finally, the authors discuss improvements to x-ray and visible light imaging and spectrographic diagnostic techniques. The emphasis of this paper is not so much a detailed discussion of the experiments, but a presentation of imaging and spectroscopic results and the implications of these observations to the experiments.
Download or read book Fusion Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plasma Channel and Z-pinch Dynamics for Heavy Ion Transport by :
Download or read book Plasma Channel and Z-pinch Dynamics for Heavy Ion Transport written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A self stabilized, free standing, z-pinch plasma channel has been proposed to deliver the high intensity heavy ion beam from the end of a driver to the fuel target in a heavy ion inertial fusion power plant. The z-pinch relaxes emittance and energy spread requirements requiring a lower cost driver. A z-pinch transport would reduce the number of beam entry port holes to the target chamber from over a hundred to four as compared to neutralized ballistic focusing thus reducing the driver hardware exposure to neutron flux. Experiments where a double pulse discharge technique is used, z-pinch plasma channels with enhanced stability are achieved. Typical parameters are 7 kV pre-pulse discharge and 30 kV main bank discharge with 50 kA of channel current in a 7 torr background gas atmosphere. This work is an experimental study of these plasma channels examining the relevant physics necessary to understand and model such plasmas. Laser diagnostics measured the dynamical properties of neutrals and plasma. Schlieren and phase contrast techniques probe the pre-pulse gas dynamics and infrared interferometry and faraday effect polarimetry are used on the z-pinch to study its electron density and current distribution. Stability and repeatability of the z-pinch depend on the initial conditions set by the pre-pulse. Results show that the z-pinch channel is wall stabilized by an on-axis gas density depression created by the pre-pulse through hydrodynamic expansion where the ratio of the initial gas density to the final gas density is> 10/1. The low on-axis density favors avalanching along the desired path for the main bank discharge. Pinch time is around 2 s from the main bank discharge initiation with a FWHM of (almost equal to) 2 cm. Results also show that typical main bank discharge plasma densities reach 1017 cm−3 peak on axis for a 30 kV, 7 torr gas nitrogen discharge. Current rise time is limited by the circuit-channel inductance with the highest contribution to the impedance due to the plasma. There is no direct evidence of surface currents due to high frequency skin effects and magnetic field experiments indicate that> 70% of the current carried by the channel is enclosed within FWHM of the channel. Code-experiment benchmark comparisons show that simulations capture the main mechanisms of the channel evolution, but complete atomic models need to be incorporated.
Book Synopsis The Importance of EBIT Data for Z-pinch Plasma Diagnostics by :
Download or read book The Importance of EBIT Data for Z-pinch Plasma Diagnostics written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results from the last six years of x-ray spectroscopy and spectropolarimetry of high energy density Z-pinch plasmas complemented by experiments with the electron beam ion trap (EBIT) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) are presented. The two topics discussed are the development of M-shell x-ray W spectroscopic diagnostics and K-shell Ti spectropolarimetry of Z-pinch plasmas. The main focus is on radiation from a specific load configuration called an 'X-pinch'. X-pinches are excellent sources for testing new spectral diagnostics and for atomic modelling because of the high density and temperature of the pinch plasmas, which scale from a few [mu]m to several mm in size. They offer a variety of load configurations, which differ in wire connections, number of wires, and wire materials. In this work the study of X-pinches with tungsten wires combined with wires from other, lower-Z materials is reported. Utilizing data produced with the LLNL EBIT at different energies of the electron beam the theoretical prediction of line positions and intensity of M-shell W spectra were tested and calibrated. Polarization-sensitive X-pinch experiments at the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR) provide experimental evidence for the existence of strong electron beams in Ti and Mo X-pinch plasmas and motivate the development of x-ray spectropolarimetry of Z-pinch plasmas. This diagnostic is based on the measurement of spectra recorded simultaneously by two spectrometers with different sensitivity to the linear polarization of the observed lines and compared with theoretical models of polarization-dependent spectra. Polarization-dependent K-shell spectra from Ti X-pinches are presented and compared with model calculations and with spectra generated by a quasi-Maxwellian electron beam at the LLNL EBIT-II electron beam ion trap.
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Dissertation Index, 1861-1972: Physics, M-Z by : Xerox University Microfilms
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index, 1861-1972: Physics, M-Z written by Xerox University Microfilms and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diagnostics in a High Density Z Pinch Plasma by : Brian Kent Hilko
Download or read book Diagnostics in a High Density Z Pinch Plasma written by Brian Kent Hilko and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Study of the Internal Structure, Instabilities, and Magnetic Fields in the Dense Z-pinch by :
Download or read book Study of the Internal Structure, Instabilities, and Magnetic Fields in the Dense Z-pinch written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Z-pinches are sources of hot dense plasma which generates powerful x-ray bursts and can been applied to various areas of high-energy-density physics (HEDP). The 26-MA Z machine is at the forefront of many of these applications but important aspects of HEDP have been studied on generators at the 1 MA current level. Recent development of laser diagnostics and upgrade of the Leopard laser at Nevada Terawatt Facility (NTF) give new opportunities for the dense Z-pinch study. The goal of this project is the investigation of the internal structure of the stagnated Z pinch including sub-mm and micron-scale instabilities, plasma dynamics, magnetic fields, and hot spots formation and initiation. New plasma diagnostics will be developed for this project. A 3D structure and instabilities of the pinch will be compared with 3D MHD and spectroscopic modeling and theoretical analysis. The structure and dynamics of stagnated Z pinches has been studied with x-ray self-radiation diagnostics which derive a temperature map of the pinch with a spatial resolution of 70-150 æm. The regular laser diagnostics at 532 nm does not penetrate in the dense pinch due to strong absorption and refraction in trailing plasma. Recent experiments at NTF showed that shadowgraphy at the UV wavelength of 266 nm unfolds a fine structure of the stagnated Z-pinch with unprecedented detail. We propose to develop laser UV diagnostics for Z pinches with a spatial resolution 5 [mu]m to study the small-scale plasma structures, implement two-frame shadowgraphy/interferometry, and develop methods for investigation of strong magnetic fields. New diagnostics will help to understand better basic physical processes in Z pinches. A 3D internal structure of the pinch and characteristic instabilities will be studied in wire arrays with different configurations and compared with 3D MHD simulations and analytical models. Mechanisms of "enhanced heating" of Z-pinch plasma will be studied. Fast dynamics of stagnated plasma will be studied to estimate its contribution to the Doppler broadening of x-ray lines. Development of "necks" and "hot spots" will be studied with high-resolution UV diagnostics, an x-ray streak camera, and x-ray spectroscopy. Laser initiation of hot spots in Z pinches will be tested. A Faraday rotation diagnostic at 266 nm will be applied to 1-10 MG magnetic fields. For magnetic fields B20 MG, suggested in micropinches, Cotton-Mouton and cutoff diagnostics will be applied. A picosecond optical Kerr shutter will be tested to increase a sensitivity of UV methods for application at multi-MA Z pinches. The proposal is based on the experimental capability of NTF. The Zebra generator produces 1-1.7 MA Z-pinches with electron plasma density of 1020-1021cm-3, electron temperature of 0.5-1 keV, and magnetic fields>10 MG. The Leopard laser was upgraded to energy of 90-J at 0.8 ns. This regime will be used for laser initiation of hot spots. A further upgrade to energy of 250-J is suggested for laser-Z-pinch interaction. A picosecond regime will be used for optical gating. A 10-TW Tomcat laser at NTF is available for the high energy UV laser probing of the Z-pinch. Two graduate students will develop new optical and x-ray diagnostics, carry out experiments, and process experimental data. Other students will be involved in the design and fabrication of loads, supporting regular optical and x-ray diagnostics, and data processing. The new plasma diagnostics may be applied to HEDP experiments at NTF and other multi-MA generators. The feasibility of the research plan is based on the experience of the scientific team in Z-pinch plasma physics, laser physics, development of new plasma diagnostics, and the experimental capability of NTF. The experimental group of Dr. V.V. Ivanov (UNR) collaborates with a group for Z pinch MHD modeling of Dr. J.P. Chittenden (Imperial College, London), and theoretical group of Dr. D.D. Ryutov (LLNL). The suggested research ideas are supported by preli ...
Book Synopsis The Behavior of a Plasma in a High Density Gas Embedded Z-pinch Configuration by : Jack Sherman Shlachter
Download or read book The Behavior of a Plasma in a High Density Gas Embedded Z-pinch Configuration written by Jack Sherman Shlachter and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dense Z-Pinches written by Jack Davis and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2002-12-13 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This conference was a topical meeting in the area of high energy density plasma physics as it relates to magnetically imploded/confined plasmas: Z-pinches. Scientists interested in plasmas for fusion and other applications at temperatures around a million degrees centigrade with strong magnetic fields and intense radiation fluxes will be interested in this conference. The physics of the plasmas discussed in this conference include magneto-hydrodynamics and instabilities, fusion mechanisms, radiation transport, mega-ampere pulsed power, atomic physics, spectroscopy and x-ray imaging. This proceeding provides a snapshot of the field internationally.
Book Synopsis The Physics of the High Density Z-pinch by :
Download or read book The Physics of the High Density Z-pinch written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fiber-initiated High-Density Z-Pinch (HDZP) is a novel concept in which fusion plasma could be produced by applying 2 MV along a thin filament of frozen deuterium, 20-30 .mu.m in diameter, 5-10 cm long. The megamp-range currents that result would ohmically heat the fiber to fusion temperatures in 100 ns while maintaining nearly constant radius. The plasma pressure would be held stably by the self-magnetic field for many radial sound transit times during the current-rise phase while, in the case of D-T, a significant fraction of the fiber undergoes thermonuclear fusion. This paper presents results of Los Alamos HDZP studies. Existing and new experiments are described. A succession of theoretical studies, including 1D self-similar and numerical studies of the hot plasma phase, 1D and 2D numerical studies of the cold startup phase, and 3D numerical studies of stability in the hot regime, are then presented. 9 refs., 4 figs.
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Dissertation Index by :
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Use of Z-Pinch Techniques for Equation of State Applications by :
Download or read book Use of Z-Pinch Techniques for Equation of State Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A principal goal of the shock physics program at Sandia is to establish a capability to make accurate equation of state (EOS) measurements on the Z pulsed radiation source. The Z accelerator is a source of intense x-ray radiation, which can be used to drive ablative shocks for EOS studies. With this source, ablative multi shocks can be produced to study materials over the range of interest to both weapons and ICF physics programs. In developing the capability to diagnose these types of studies on Z, techniques commonly used in conventional impact generated experimental were implemented. The primary diagnostic presently being used for this work is velocity interferometry, VISAR, which not only provides Hugoniot particle velocity measurements, but also measurements of non-shock EOS measurements, such as isentropic compression. In addition to VISAR capability, methods for measuring shock velocity have also been developed for shock studies on Z. When used in conjunction with the Rankine- Hugoniot jump conditions, material response at high temperatures and pressures can be inferred. Radiation in the Z accelerator is produced when approximately 18 MA are passed through a cylindrical wire array typically 20 to 50 mm in diameter and 10 to 20 mm in height. 200-300 wires with initial diameters on the order of 8 to 20 micron form, upon application of the current, a plasma shell, which is magnetically imploded until it collapses and stagnates on axis, forming a dense plasma emitter in the shape of a column, referred to as a" z pinch". The initial wire array and subsequent plasma pinch are confined within a metallic can, referred to as a primary hohlraum, which serves as both a current return path and a reflective surface to contain the radiation. Attached to openings in the primary hohlraum wall are smaller tubes referred to as secondaries. Multiple secondaries can be fielded on most experiments, which are the typical location for mounting EOS samples. In this configuration, the secondary S1 contains two separate VISAR probes for making velocity measurements at different material thicknesses. By correlating the resulting velocity profiles in time, a measurement of shock velocity can be determined. In addition, the velocity profiles provide the Hugoniot particle velocity after the records were impedance-matched. Secondaries S2 and S3 provide measurements of shock velocity using laser light reflected from steps. As the shock arrives at each of these surfaces, the surface reflectivity significantly decreases, which causes a sharp drop in return light. The shock velocity can be inferred from shock arrival at different steps The z-pinch technique is particularly useful for producing high amplitude shock waves for EOS applications. An alternative approach for using Z is to produce shockless loading directly with the magnetic pressure in the accelerator.
