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Problems Of Uniform Sales Law Why The Cisg May Not Promote International Trade
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Book Synopsis Problems of Uniform Sales Law - Why the CISG May Not Promote International Trade by : Jan M. Smits
Download or read book Problems of Uniform Sales Law - Why the CISG May Not Promote International Trade written by Jan M. Smits and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) is the prime example of unification of private law at the global level. With over 75 contracting States that make up for an increasing number of the world's largest economies, the CISG is usually seen as a big success. However, this assessment is largely based on how States perceive the advantages of the CISG. This contribution asks how other actors involved in the legal process (such as commercial parties, attorneys, in house-lawyers and courts) perceive the CISG. To this end, three persistent problems of the CISG are identified: its problematic uniform application by national and arbitral courts, its regular exclusion by parties, and its incompleteness. This calls for recognition that the establishment of a global uniform law is not the only possible way in which international trade can be promoted. It would be equally important to allow parties to make the national jurisdiction of their choice applicable to the contract. The value of the CISG then lies primarily in providing commercial parties with a common frame of reference, allowing them to compare the solutions of the CISG with various national jurisdictions and to act upon this.
Book Synopsis The CISG's Attempt to Unify International Sales Law. An Assessment of Its Successfulness by : Fabian Junge
Download or read book The CISG's Attempt to Unify International Sales Law. An Assessment of Its Successfulness written by Fabian Junge and published by . This book was released on 2016-01-25 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2015 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, grade: 1,3, Maastricht University, course: International Commercial Law, language: English, abstract: One of the main constraints on cross-border commerce has always been diverging national legal regimes. With the emergence of globalization starting in the last century it became evident that there is a need to approximate the existing rules to foster international trade. In theory, this should allow all participating actors to benefit more than ever leading in the long run to greater wealth for everyone. In 1980, 42 countries agreed on the CISG to address hindrances to the growing international trade by adopting a default uniform international framework for the sales of goods. The preamble specifies that "the adoption of uniform rules which govern contracts for the international sale of goods and take into account the different social, economic and legal systems would contribute to the removal of legal barriers in international trade and promote the development of international trade." At the time of writing, the CISG has been in force for 27 years and it is time to evaluate whether the goals the drafters had in mind have been achieved. In order to assess the successfulness of the CISG to promote a unified international sales law a multitude of factors can be taken into account. To not unduly exceed the limits of this paper the author determined three key criteria on whose basis the successfulness will be evaluated. Firstly, the acceptance of the CISG in the international community will be evaluated. Secondly, the influence of the CISG on subsequent international, regional and domestic legislation and initiatives relating to sales and contract law will be addressed. Lastly, after determining the scope of application the paper focuses on the CISG's capacity to safeguard and foster its uniform application.
Book Synopsis Uniform Law for International Sales Under the 1980 United Nations Convention by : John Honnold
Download or read book Uniform Law for International Sales Under the 1980 United Nations Convention written by John Honnold and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Convention for the International Sale of Goods by : Daniel Barstow Magraw
Download or read book The Convention for the International Sale of Goods written by Daniel Barstow Magraw and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 1990 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Uniform Law for International Sales by : John Honnold
Download or read book Uniform Law for International Sales written by John Honnold and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-05-28 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is a comprehensive commentary on the history, analysis & interpretation of the Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs). These treaties are intended to protect U.S. investment in foreign countries. Although the initial target of the BITs was to develop countries in the third world, the opening of Eastern Europe has led to BIT negotiations in that region as well. United States Investment Treaties: Policy & Practice analyzes the policies underlying the BIT program; describes how the BIT program differs from prior U.S. practice with respect to foreign investment protection; explains the intent of specific provisions in the various model negotiations texts; assesses the extent to which the negotiations of the individual signed BITs resulted in a substantive modification of provisions of the model negotiating texts & thus a departure from the intent of the drafters. This book deals with a topic of increasing interest to businesses with operations in foreign countries & to attorneys advising these companies.
Book Synopsis English Sales Law Vs. Vienna Convention On CISG by : Dr. V.V.L.N. Sastry
Download or read book English Sales Law Vs. Vienna Convention On CISG written by Dr. V.V.L.N. Sastry and published by Idea Publishing. This book was released on 2020-05-04 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research provides an analysis of the comparison between the English sales law and the Vienna Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG). The two laws have different features that explain the preference of commercial merchants towards the use of the English sales law. It is in this context, a secondary study subjected to narrative review into, how do the features of the English sales law compare with the features of the CISG Act, and what competitive advantages and disadvantages do the English sales law and the CISG Act present over each other; and what features distinguish English Sales Law from CISG to make international businesspersons prefer operating under the English sales law to operating under the CISG, will help understand the intricacies that make English sales law a preferred choice. The ambiguity of the CISG is one of the factors that reduces its attractiveness. Uncertainty in the interpretation of CISG is one of the main reasons as to why it is unattractive in facilitating international commercial transactions. In some instances, the courts may issue contradictory interpretations of the law. In addition, CISG is a fragmentary law as opposed to English sales law, which is a comprehensive body of law. The paper also provides a recommendation on how to tackle some of the limitations inherent in CISG. Lastly, the findings of the study aid in improving the understanding of how best businessmen can make use of and work within the boundaries of the legal English Sales Law as well as of the CISG with an aim to bring about growth in businesses.
Book Synopsis Transnational Commercial Law by : Roy Goode
Download or read book Transnational Commercial Law written by Roy Goode and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-03-29 with total page 1810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transnational commercial law represents the outcome of work undertaken to harmonize national laws affecting domestic and cross-border transactions and is upheld by a diverse spectrum of instruments. Now in its second edition, this authoritative work brings together the major instruments in this field, dividing them into thirteen groups: Treaty Law, Contracts, Electronic Commerce, International Sales, Agency and Distribution, International Credit Transfers and Bank Payment Undertakings, International Secured Transactions, Cross-Border Insolvency, Securities Custody, Clearing and Settlement and Securities Collateral, Conflict of Laws, Civil Procedure, Commercial Arbitration, and a new section on Carriage of Goods. Each group of instruments is preceded by linking text which provides important context by identifying the key instruments in each group, discussing their purposes and relationships, and explaining the major provisions of each instrument, thus setting them in their commercial context. This volume is unique in providing the full text of international conventions, including the preamble - which is important for interpretation - and the final clauses and any annexes. In addition, each instrument is accompanied by a complete list of dates of signature and ratification by all contracting states, all easily navigated through the detailed tables of contents which precedes it. This fully-indexed work provides an indispensable guide for the practitioner or academic to the primary transnational commercial law instruments.
Book Synopsis Commentary on the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG) by : Peter Schlechtriem
Download or read book Commentary on the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG) written by Peter Schlechtriem and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2005 with total page 1149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Convention on the International Sale of Goods is one of the most successful attempts to unify parts of the law of international commerce. The Convention is now in force in more than 60 states, and there are thousands of decisions by courts and arbitral tribunals that apply the rules of theConvention, numerous books and innumerable contributions by scholars and practitioners on the Convention and its various topics and problems. Moreover, the CISG has had a great influence on modern domestic laws, such as the Scandinavian Sales Law, the Netherlands Wetboek, the Commercial Code ofCzechia, the new German Law of Obligations and the new codifications in former Socialist states as well as on projects to unify the law, for example the UNIDROIT Principles for International Commercial Contracts and the European Principles of Contract Law. This is the second edition of the Commentary on the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG), first published in 1998. It is based on a broad comparative analysis of decisions and scholarly contributions from all states which has enacted the Convention. The contributors to this book,all being experts in their respective fields, based their analysis on the conviction that in order to do justice to the directive of Art. 7(1) CISG that "in the interpretation of this Convention regard is to be had to its international character and to the need to promote uniformity in itsapplication", understanding and interpretation of the Convention in the light of one domestic legal system alone would be inadequate, and that, therefore, it were required to closely follow, report and compare judicial and scholarly views from all jurisdictions accessible to the contributors. Thefirst edition of this Commentary has become an important source for the reading and explanation of the Convention, and it is frequently cited by legal writers, courts and tribunals from all over the world.
Book Synopsis International Sales Law by : Ingeborg Schwenzer
Download or read book International Sales Law written by Ingeborg Schwenzer and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10-26 with total page 989 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for international trade lawyers, practitioners and students from common and civil law countries, this casebook is an excellent starting point for learning about the CISG, providing an article-by-article analysis of the Convention. The commentary on each article is accompanied by extracts from cases and associated comparative materials, as well as references to important trade usages such as the INCOTERMS® 2010. The book features a selection of the most significant cases, each of which has been abridged to enable the reader to focus on its essential features and the relevant questions arising from it. The case extracts are accompanied by a comprehensive overview of parallel provisions in other international instruments, uniform projects and domestic laws. The analyses, cases, texts and questions are intended to aid readers in their comparative law and international sales law studies. They are designed to draw attention to the particular issues surrounding specific CISG provisions and to provoke careful consideration of possible solutions. The book is a reference work as well as an introduction to the individual problem areas. In particular, it acts as a preparatory work for the Willem C Vis International Commercial Arbitration Moot. The inclusion of sample questions and answers also makes it particularly helpful for self-study purposes.
Book Synopsis Commercial Contract Law by : Larry A. DiMatteo
Download or read book Commercial Contract Law written by Larry A. DiMatteo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part I. The Role of Consent: 1. Transatlantic perspectives: fundamental themes and debates Larry A. DiMatteo, Qi Zhou and Séverine Saintier 2. Competing theories of contract: an emerging consensus? Martin A. Hogg 3. Contracts, courts and the construction of consent Tom W. Joo 4. Are mortgage contracts promises? Curtis Bridgeman Part II. Normative Views of Contract: 5. Naturalistic contract Peter A. Alces 6. Contract in a networked world Roger Brownsword 7. Contract, transactions, and equity T.T. Arvind Part III. Contract Design and Good Faith: 8. Reasonability in contract design Nancy S. Kim 9. Managing change in uncertain times: relational view of good faith Zoe Ollerenshaw Part IV. Implied Terms and Interpretation: 10. Implied terms in English contract law Richard Austen-Baker 11. Contract interpretation: judicial rule, not party choice Juliet Kostritsky Part V. Policing Contracting Behavior: 12. The paradox of the French method of calculating the compensation of commercial agents and the importance of conceptualising the remedial scheme under Directive 86/653 Séverine Saintier 13. Unconscionability in American contract law Chuck Knapp 14. Unfair terms in comparative perspective: software contracts Jean Braucher 15. (D)CFR initiative and consumer unfair terms Mel Kenny Part VI. Misrepresentation, Breach and Remedies: 16. Remedies for misrepresentation: an integrated system David Capper 17. Re-examining damages for fraudulent misrepresentation James Devenney 18. Remedies for documentary breaches: English law and the CISG Djakhongir Saidov Part VII. Harmonizing Contract Law: 19. Harmonisation European contract law: default and mandatory rules Qi Zhou 20. Harmonization and its discontents: a critique of the transaction cost argument for a European contract law David Campbell and Roger Halson 21. Europeanisation of contract law and the proposed common European sales law Hector MacQueen 22. Harmonization of international sales law Larry A. DiMatteo.
Book Synopsis Convention on Contracts for the International Sales of Goods (CISG) by : Joseph Lookofsky
Download or read book Convention on Contracts for the International Sales of Goods (CISG) written by Joseph Lookofsky and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2020-10-20 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Also sometimes referred to as the Vienna Sales Convention, the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) regulates the rights of buyers and sellers in international sales. The Convention, which first entered into effect in 1988, is the first sales law treaty to win acceptance on a worldwide scale. The current list of more than 90 Contracting States accounts for more than three-fourths of all world trade. The importance of the CISG in the international arena is underlined by thousands of reported decisions where the CISG has been held to apply, thus evidencing the conduct of countless international traders who-by default or by express choice-regularly subject their sales contracts to the Convention regime. The CISG has also impacted on sales legislation at national and regional (e.g. EU) levels. With this monograph as their guide, lawyers and scholars who deal with international sales contracts and sales contract disputes will obtain an excellent overview of the Convention, as well as valuable information as to all its 101 Articles, compromising key topic areas such as the following: Determining when the CISG applies; Freedom of contract under Article 6; Interpretation of the Convention and of CISG contracts; Sales contract formation, validity, defences to enforcement; Obligations of the parties, including conforming delivery & notice of non-conformity; Liability and remedies for breach, including specific performance, damages, avoidance/termination; Liability exemptions; Reservations under Articles 92-96. The Third Edition of this IEL monograph takes account of the latest scholarly commentary as well as key CISG case law worldwide.
Book Synopsis Uniform Law for International Sales Under the 1980 United Nations Convention by : John Honnold
Download or read book Uniform Law for International Sales Under the 1980 United Nations Convention written by John Honnold and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: În explicit recognition of Professor Honnold's unique understanding of the Convention's development and the issues that occupied those who drafted and finalized the text, the substantial new textual material incorporated into this new edition is set in bold italics, allowing the reader to distinguish the work of the editor from text preserved from earlier editions, and thus identifying the material that carries Professor Honnold's special authority. Over three decades Professor Honnold's almost intuitive grasp of the instrument has guided governments, tribunals, scholars and practitioners towards an enlightened international understanding of the treaty. This new edition provides tribunals, practitioners, and scholars with even more invaluable insights into the meaning of each article of the Convention.
Book Synopsis Uniformity in the Application of CISG Provisions by : Daniel Fritz
Download or read book Uniformity in the Application of CISG Provisions written by Daniel Fritz and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2009-07-15 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: Problems facing cross-border transactions and possible solutions: The main prerogative for the international trader is to implement the business transaction as conveniently and quickly as possible. Besides choosing reliable business partners, a governing body of law that facilitates the transaction successfully is required. International business transactions are rarely conducted under a tailor-made law and are therefore dependent on the law that governs the transaction in terms of the rules of private international law. Determining the applicable law of the contract is one of the major problems facing a cross-border transaction. One way in which this question can be addressed is by means of the rules of private international law. Yet, these rules are rather complex and often subject to uncertainties. Even unification of the rules of private international law is unlikely to serve the needs of modern international business. If the proper law is determined, at least one of the parties to the transaction will be faced with an unknown body of rules. This party is forced to act in alien surroundings under a law with which it is unfamiliar. An alternative, is to unify law on the domestic level. This would avoid the difficulties in applying the rules of international private law. However, to harmonise domestic law on world wide basis is a matter of impossibility. Some divergences based on settled legal traditions are irreconcilable. Furthermore, there is the obstacle that a harmonised law may affect the concepts of another area of law. For example the issue of sales law affects the issue of transfer of property an area of law with fundamentally varying concepts. The adoption of uniform sales law at the international level represents a third approach. These rules only apply to a particular range of sales transactions and therefore do not compel a State to abandon all of its own legal traditions. The UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods has established a uniform international law of this character. The overall goal of the CISG is to harmonise domestic laws for international sales transactions. A precondition for this goal is the achievement of uniformity. The achievement of uniformity comprises a two-fold process. The mere adoption of the Convention is the first step towards the ultimate aim of achieving the broadest degree of uniformity in the law of international sales. The second step is the [...]
Book Synopsis The Uniform Interpretation of the UN Sales Convention (CISG) by : Jie Luo
Download or read book The Uniform Interpretation of the UN Sales Convention (CISG) written by Jie Luo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2024-06-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unification of international commercial law has been a common course for every country of the world. The U.N. Convention on Contracts for International Sale of Goods (CISG) is a milestone in creating a uniform law in the field of the international sale of goods. The CISG coordinated divergent political, economic, and legal systems combined different contract laws and set up a comprehensive and independent legal framework for the international sale of goods. This book examines the basic requirements and criteria of the CISG’s interpretation and investigates how to achieve the uniform interpretation of the CISG based on interpretation rules in the CISG and through appropriate legal interpretation approaches. As a comprehensive and uniform legal framework for the international sale of goods, the CISG still has gaps to fill. Therefore, a uniform interpretation in gap-filling is equally important for the CISG. This book discusses gap-filling in the CISG, explains why and how to fill its gaps, clarifies gap-filling approaches, their order of application, and eventually concentrates on general principles and the uniform interpretation of the CISG. Another feature of the book is to discuss the supplementary materials that could be used to assist in the uniform interpretation of the CISG. PICC, foreign cases, UNCITRAL Digest, and the CISG Advisory Council opinions will be examined in detail to see whether and how they can fill the gaps in the CISG and promote its uniform interpretation. Only by clarifying the basic requirements and principles relating to the CISG’s uniform interpretation, can courts and arbitral tribunals correct their attitude toward and practices in the interpretation of the CISG. Only by following the autonomous interpretation approach, can the CISG achieve its goal to unify the sale of goods laws and promote the development of international commerce.
Book Synopsis Uniform Law for International Sales Under the Nineteen Eighty United Nations Convention by : John Honnold
Download or read book Uniform Law for International Sales Under the Nineteen Eighty United Nations Convention written by John Honnold and published by Springer. This book was released on 1982-06 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monograph comprising a commentary of a 1980 UN Convention (international agreement) on international law pertaining to trade contracts (international sales) - discusses the negotiation background and the role of UN (UNCITRAL), analyses the application of provisions relating to contract formation, goods sale, seller's and buyer's obligations, breach of contract, payment, passing of risk, damages, etc., to modern commercial transactions, and includes the texts of 1980, 1978 and 1964 Conventions. Bibliography pp. 29 to 36 and references.
Book Synopsis An International Approach to the Interpretation of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (1980) as Uniform Sales Law by : John Felemegas
Download or read book An International Approach to the Interpretation of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (1980) as Uniform Sales Law written by John Felemegas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-08 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1980, the United Nations Convention for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) came into being as an attempt to create a uniform commercial sales law. This book, first published in 2007, compares two major restatements - the UNIDROIT Principles and the Principles of European Contract Law (PECL) - with CISG articles. This work has gathered scholars and legal practitioners from twenty countries who contribute analysis on the various issues covered in the articles of the CISG comparing them with how the issue is treated in the UNIDROIT and PECL restatements.The introductory section of the book addresses theoretical and practical issues of the appropriate interpretive methodology as mandated in CISG Article 7 and it is followed by individual analyses of the Convention's provisions.
Book Synopsis UNCITRAL 2012 Digest of Case Law on the Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration by : United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
Download or read book UNCITRAL 2012 Digest of Case Law on the Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration written by United Nations Commission on International Trade Law and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication contains a presentation of case laws rendered in jurisdictions having enacted the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration. In light of the large number of cases collected, the Commission requested a tool specifically designed to present selected information on the interpretation and application of the Model Law in a clear, concise and objective manner. This request originated the UNCITRAL Digest of Case Law on the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration. The purpose of the digest is to assist in the dissemination of information on the Model Law and further promote its adoption as well as its uniform interpretation and application. In addition, the digest is meant to help judges, government officials, arbitrators, practitioners and academics use more efficiently the case law relating to the UNCITRAL text.
