Republic of Iraq Public Expenditure Review

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464802955
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Republic of Iraq Public Expenditure Review by : The World Bank

Download or read book Republic of Iraq Public Expenditure Review written by The World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-08-26 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Public Expenditure Review (PER) provides an integrated perspective on Iraq’s need to provide better public service delivery, while maintaining macroeconomic stability and fiscal discipline. The achievement of these objectives unfolds within a challenging context of revenue volatility, the need to diversify the economy, weak accountability mechanisms, and residual conflict. Reflecting these challenges, key socio-economic developmental indicators are stalled or even declining despite rapid growth in public spending. Indeed, the review shows that growth in spending has not been matched by absorptive capacity, let alone improved outcomes. The difficult task of constructing the fiscal institutions to embed the practices of good economic management remains a work-in-progress. The PER is one component of World Bank assistance to the government to improve public expenditure policy and management. The challenge for the Iraqi authorities in the years ahead will be to turn oil revenues into sustained welfare improvements. Macroeconomic stability alone is not enough to address social and economic development issues and to avoid a resource curse. Iraq’s oil wealth alone cannot generate sustainably high living standards for the majority of its population. Economic diversification is an imperative—both to create jobs and to promote income-generating opportunities for the Iraqi population. The key challenges for the authorities therefore are (i) to remove constraints to non-hydrocarbon economic activities; (ii) to ensure the efficient use of oil revenue; and (iii) to restrain the growth of current spending (in particular wage bill and subsidies) to free up resources for public investment, while maintaining essential safety nets and social support for the poor and disadvantaged. Public investment management is a crosscutting capability that is needed to meet Iraq’s development objectives. The government has the opportunity to take concrete steps now. The PER proposes approaches and actions to better use Iraq’s oil revenues by shifting to a save and invest via curbing inefficient spending and redirecting resources to public investment and basic services. As economic growth prospects are favorable in the medium-term, the Iraqi government has the opportunity to lay the foundations of a broadly diversified economy, with a reasonable footprint that provides decent public services and security while facilitating adequate economic freedom. Senior policy makers at the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Planning and line ministries are the primary audience of this work.

Powering the Digital Economy: Opportunities and Risks of Artificial Intelligence in Finance

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1589063953
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Powering the Digital Economy: Opportunities and Risks of Artificial Intelligence in Finance by : El Bachir Boukherouaa

Download or read book Powering the Digital Economy: Opportunities and Risks of Artificial Intelligence in Finance written by El Bachir Boukherouaa and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-10-22 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the impact of the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in the financial sector. It highlights the benefits these technologies bring in terms of financial deepening and efficiency, while raising concerns about its potential in widening the digital divide between advanced and developing economies. The paper advances the discussion on the impact of this technology by distilling and categorizing the unique risks that it could pose to the integrity and stability of the financial system, policy challenges, and potential regulatory approaches. The evolving nature of this technology and its application in finance means that the full extent of its strengths and weaknesses is yet to be fully understood. Given the risk of unexpected pitfalls, countries will need to strengthen prudential oversight.

World Development Report 2019

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464813566
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis World Development Report 2019 by : World Bank

Download or read book World Development Report 2019 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.

Price-Forecasting Models for First Federal of Northern Michigan Bancorp, Inc. FFNM Stock

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (745 download)

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Book Synopsis Price-Forecasting Models for First Federal of Northern Michigan Bancorp, Inc. FFNM Stock by : Ton Viet Ta

Download or read book Price-Forecasting Models for First Federal of Northern Michigan Bancorp, Inc. FFNM Stock written by Ton Viet Ta and published by . This book was released on 2020-08-12 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do you want to earn up to a 1647% annual return on your money by two trades per day on First Federal of Northern Michigan Bancorp, Inc. FFNM Stock? Reading this book is the only way to have a specific strategy. This book offers you a chance to trade FFNM Stock at predicted prices. Eight methods for buying and selling FFNM Stock at predicted low/high prices are introduced. These prices are very close to the lowest and highest prices of the stock in a day. All methods are explained in a very easy-to-understand way by using many examples, formulas, figures, and tables. The BIG DATA of the 1491 consecutive trading days (from September 9, 2014 to August 11, 2020) are utilized. The methods do not require any background on mathematics from readers. Furthermore, they are easy to use. Each takes you no more than 30 seconds for calculation to obtain a specific predicted price. The methods are not transient. They cannot be beaten by Mr. Market in several years, even until the stock doubles its current age. They are traits of Mr. Market. The reason is that the author uses the law of large numbers in the probability theory to construct them. In other words, you can use the methods in a long time without worrying about their change. The efficiency of the methods can be checked easily. Just compare the predicted prices with the actual price of the stock while referring to the probabilities of success which are shown clearly in the book (click the LOOK INSIDE button to read more information before buying this book). Depending on the number of investors who are interested in this book, the performance of the methods from the publication date will be added to the book after one year, and will be stated here in the description of the book too. You will then see that the methods in this book are outstanding or not. The book is very useful for Investors who have decided to buy the stock and keep it for a long time (as the strategy of Warren Buffett), or to sell the stock and pay attention to other stocks. The methods will help them to maximize profits for their decision. Day traders who buy and sell the stock many times in a day. Although each method is valid one time per day, the information from the methods will help the traders buy/sell the stock in the second time, third time or more in a day. Beginners to FFNM Stock. The book gives an insight about the behavior of the stock. They will surely gain their knowledge of FFNM Stock after reading the book. Everyone who wants to know about the U.S. stock market.

Breaking Out of Fragility

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464816379
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Breaking Out of Fragility by : World Bank

Download or read book Breaking Out of Fragility written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iraq is at a crossroads. Almost two decades after the 2003 war, the country remains caught in a fragility trap, facing increasing political instability, growing social unrest, and a deepening state-citizen divide. Amid a multitude of crises—including an oil price shock, the COVID-19 pandemic, and recent instability and protests—coupled with poor economic policies, a lack of reforms, and an inability to tackle corruption, Iraq is having its worst annual economic growth performance in 2020 since the fall of the Saddam regime. But with every crisis comes an opportunity to reform. Iraq can embark on a long but much-needed path toward structural transformation, one that could leave its economy less dependent on oil and more driven by private sector activity. Such a path can no longer be avoided, as has been illustrated by the widespread protests since October 2019. This report highlights what Iraq can do to sustain future growth; it also shows why Iraq has not yet managed to achieve high levels of diversified growth alongside peace, stability, and a better standard of living for its people. Iraq’s high levels of fragility and conflict--reinforced by high oil dependency--hinder the country’s prospects for economic reform and growth. Despite Iraq’s existing sociopolitical and economic environment, three encouraging messages emerge from this report. First, there is a peace dividend in Iraq. Iraq’s per capita GDP was about one-fifth lower in 2018 than it would have been if not for the conflict beginning in 2014. Thus, maintaining peace can by itself be a strong driver of growth. Second, Iraq has latent export potential for a variety of goods that, if tapped, could diversify the country’s economy, raise living standards, and boost economic resilience. Third, Iraqi agriculture could be revived to serve as a pillar of a more diversified and private sector†“led economy.

Iraq

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513508911
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Iraq by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.

Download or read book Iraq written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper discusses the choice and design of rules for Iraq, guided by fiscal policy priorities and the country’s institutional capacity. A ceiling on current spending is proposed as a fiscal rule that would be simple and easy to monitor and support efforts to create space for scaling up capital expenditure, build fiscal buffers to reduce fiscal policy procyclicality, and help secure debt sustainability. A strong policy framework can help Iraq manage the challenges arising from its heavy dependence on volatile oil revenues. The procyclicality of fiscal policy has led to short-term economic volatility and hindered long term development. Important fiscal institutions such as fiscal rules, stabilization funds, and fiscal responsibility laws that exist in many resource-rich countries are lacking in Iraq. Moving to a risk- and rules-based approach can be part of the new policy framework and would be timely. The two main building blocks of this approach involve anchoring fiscal policy on maintaining adequate fiscal buffers, and introducing operational fiscal rules designed to achieve this target for buffers and protect capital expenditure.

Global Trends 2040

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Publisher : Cosimo Reports
ISBN 13 : 9781646794973
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (949 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council

Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Global Economic Prospects, June 2021

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464816662
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Economic Prospects, June 2021 by : World Bank

Download or read book Global Economic Prospects, June 2021 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-08-03 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world economy is experiencing a very strong but uneven recovery, with many emerging market and developing economies facing obstacles to vaccination. The global outlook remains uncertain, with major risks around the path of the pandemic and the possibility of financial stress amid large debt loads. Policy makers face a difficult balancing act as they seek to nurture the recovery while safeguarding price stability and fiscal sustainability. A comprehensive set of policies will be required to promote a strong recovery that mitigates inequality and enhances environmental sustainability, ultimately putting economies on a path of green, resilient, and inclusive development. Prominent among the necessary policies are efforts to lower trade costs so that trade can once again become a robust engine of growth. This year marks the 30th anniversary of the Global Economic Prospects. The Global Economic Prospects is a World Bank Group Flagship Report that examines global economic developments and prospects, with a special focus on emerging market and developing economies, on a semiannual basis (in January and June). Each edition includes analytical pieces on topical policy challenges faced by these economies.

Bank Profitability and Financial Stability

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484393805
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Bank Profitability and Financial Stability by : Ms.TengTeng Xu

Download or read book Bank Profitability and Financial Stability written by Ms.TengTeng Xu and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-01-11 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze how bank profitability impacts financial stability from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. We first develop a theoretical model of the relationship between bank profitability and financial stability by exploring the role of non-interest income and retail-oriented business models. We then conduct panel regression analysis to examine the empirical determinants of bank risks and profitability, and how the level and the source of bank profitability affect risks for 431 publicly traded banks (U.S., advanced Europe, and GSIBs) from 2004 to 2017. Results reveal that profitability is negatively associated with both a bank’s contribution to systemic risk and its idiosyncratic risk, and an over-reliance on non-interest income, wholesale funding and leverage is associated with higher risks. Low competition is associated with low idiosyncratic risk but a high contribution to systemic risk. Lastly, the problem loans ratio and the cost-to-income ratio are found to be key factors that influence bank profitability. The paper’s findings suggest that policy makers should strive to better understand the source of bank profitability, especially where there is an over-reliance on market-based non-interest income, leverage, and wholesale funding.

Republic of Iraq Public Expenditure Review

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464802947
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Republic of Iraq Public Expenditure Review by :

Download or read book Republic of Iraq Public Expenditure Review written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-08-22 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Republic of Iraq Public Expenditure Review: Toward More Efficient Spending for Better Service Delivery provides an integrated perspective on how Iraq needs to provide better public service delivery while maintaining macroeconomic stability and fiscal discipline. These goals exist amid a challenging context of revenue volatility, the need to diversify the economy, weak accountability mechanisms, and residual conflict. Reflecting these challenges, key socioeconomic developmental indicators are stalled or are even declining despite rapid growth in public spending. Growth in spending has not been matched by absorptive capacity, let alone improved outcomes. The difficult task of encouraging fiscal institutions to embed practices of good economic management remains a work in progress. The task for Iraqi authorities will be to turn oil revenues into sustained welfare improvements. Macroeconomic stability alone is not enough to address social and economic development issues and to avoid a 'resource curse'. Economic diversification is imperative for the goals of creating jobs and promoting income-generating opportunities for the Iraqi population. In the years ahead, Iraqi government authorities will have the following key challenges: - to remove constraints to nonhydrocarbon economic activities, - to ensure the effi cient use of oil revenue, and - to restrain the growth of current spending to free up resources for public investment, while maintaining essential safety nets and social support for the poor and disadvantaged. Senior policymakers at the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Planning, and line ministries have the opportunity to take concrete steps now. As economic growth prospects are favorable in the medium term, the Iraqi government needs to lay the foundations of a broadly diversified economy and to provide decent public services and security while facilitating adequate economic freedom.

Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464816034
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020 by : World Bank

Download or read book Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-12-23 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition of the biennial Poverty and Shared Prosperity report brings sobering news. The COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic and its associated economic crisis, compounded by the effects of armed conflict and climate change, are reversing hard-won gains in poverty reduction and shared prosperity. The fight to end poverty has suffered its worst setback in decades after more than 20 years of progress. The goal of ending extreme poverty by 2030, already at risk before the pandemic, is now beyond reach in the absence of swift, significant, and sustained action, and the objective of advancing shared prosperity—raising the incomes of the poorest 40 percent in each country—will be much more difficult. Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020: Reversals of Fortune presents new estimates of COVID-19's impacts on global poverty and shared prosperity. Harnessing fresh data from frontline surveys and economic simulations, it shows that pandemic-related job losses and deprivation worldwide are hitting already poor and vulnerable people hard, while also shifting the profile of global poverty to include millions of 'new poor.' Original analysis included in the report shows that the new poor are more urban, better educated, and less likely to work in agriculture than those living in extreme poverty before COVID-19. It also gives new estimates of the impact of conflict and climate change, and how they overlap. These results are important for targeting policies to safeguard lives and livelihoods. It shows how some countries are acting to reverse the crisis, protect those most vulnerable, and promote a resilient recovery. These findings call for urgent action. If the global response fails the world's poorest and most vulnerable people now, the losses they have experienced to date will be minimal compared with what lies ahead. Success over the long term will require much more than stopping COVID-19. As efforts to curb the disease and its economic fallout intensify, the interrupted development agenda in low- and middle-income countries must be put back on track. Recovering from today's reversals of fortune requires tackling the economic crisis unleashed by COVID-19 with a commitment proportional to the crisis itself. In doing so, countries can also plant the seeds for dealing with the long-term development challenges of promoting inclusive growth, capital accumulation, and risk prevention—particularly the risks of conflict and climate change.

Outlook and Situation Report

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Outlook and Situation Report by :

Download or read book Outlook and Situation Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Commercial & Financial Chronicle ...

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1424 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Commercial & Financial Chronicle ... by :

Download or read book The Commercial & Financial Chronicle ... written by and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 1424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Commercial and Financial Chronicle

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1456 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Commercial and Financial Chronicle by :

Download or read book The Commercial and Financial Chronicle written by and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 1456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Glosario Del Banco Mundial

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Glosario Del Banco Mundial by : World Bank

Download or read book Glosario Del Banco Mundial written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition of the World Bank has been revised and expanded by the Terminology Unit in the Languages Services Division of the World Bank in collaboration with the English, Spanish, and French Translation Sections. The Glossary is intended to assist the Bank's translators and interpreters, other Bank staff using French and Spanish in their work, and free-lance translator's and interpreters employed by the Bank. For this reason, the Glossary contains not only financial and economic terminology and terms relating to the Bank's procedures and practices, but also terms that frequently occur in Bank documents, and others for which the Bank has a preferred equivalent. Although many of these terms, relating to such fields as agriculture, education, energy, housing, law, technology, and transportation, could be found in other sources, they have been assembled here for ease of reference. A list of acronyms occurring frequently in Bank texts (the terms to which they refer being found in the Glossary) and a list of international, regional, and national organizations will be found at the end of the Glossary.

Economic Indicators

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Indicators by : First Hawaiian Bank

Download or read book Economic Indicators written by First Hawaiian Bank and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Boom Bust

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Author :
Publisher : Shepheard-Walwyn
ISBN 13 : 0856833126
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (568 download)

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Book Synopsis Boom Bust by : Fred Harrison

Download or read book Boom Bust written by Fred Harrison and published by Shepheard-Walwyn. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not employment or inflation as argued during the Great Depression and years of Reaganomics, the mechanism that drives the business cycle is proven to be the housing and property market in this analysis of the instability of financial markets. The consequences of how neoclassical economics ignores the importance of land are presented in a discussion of the dot-com crash. Agricultural, industrial, and commercial property and the housing market are examined to suggest that policymakers must revise their treatment of land in economic decisions to avoid the next economic crash, predicted for 2010.