Prevention Research Findings

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Defining Prevention Science

Author : Zili Sloboda
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1489974245
Total Pages : 626 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Defining Prevention Science by : Zili Sloboda

Download or read book Defining Prevention Science written by Zili Sloboda and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whoever coined the adage "an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure" could not have known how important this adage would become. The challenge of altering the health trajectories of poor lifestyle decisions for such behaviors as smoking, drinking and using illicit drugs, violence, dropping out of school, engagement in risky sexual behaviors and crime through prevention research has led to a new discipline, prevention science. Defining Prevention Science covers this emerging field of science: its goals, its conceptual and theoretical foundations, its methods and especially its utility. Not content to simply differentiate the field from its close allies: epidemiology, psychology, neuroscience, sociology, economics, the text explains how these many disciplines enhance each other at both research and intervention levels and how prevention science draws on these biological, behavioral and social sciences to create an innovative knowledge base that has provided cost-effective, evidence-based prevention interventions and policies. To this end, familiar developmental benchmarks are recast in prevention/health promotion context, from the crucial importance of adolescence in encountering and deterring high-risk behaviors to the risks and resiliencies of single-mother families. An international group of contributors offers current findings, up-to-date methods for effective evidence-based interventions and improvements in research technologies in these key areas: Physical, cognitive and emotional vulnerability across the life course. The roles of developmental influences in prevention. Intervention development, delivery and implementation. Bringing the intervention approach to research design. New directions in analytic methods. Cost analysis and policy implications. Advances in Prevention Science: Defining Prevention Science aims to inspire further refinements in the field and encourage communication among researchers in its own and related disciplines, including public health, epidemiology, psychology, and criminology. This is the first volume in the series, Advances in Prevention Science, that provides the framework for other volume that will focus on such issues as: Prevention Science in School Settings: Complex Relationships and Processes; Preventing Crime and Violence and The Prevention of Substance Use.

Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309049393
Total Pages : 636 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The understanding of how to reduce risk factors for mental disorders has expanded remarkably as a result of recent scientific advances. This study, mandated by Congress, reviews those advances in the context of current research and provides a targeted definition of prevention and a conceptual framework that emphasizes risk reduction. Highlighting opportunities for and barriers to interventions, the book draws on successful models for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, injuries, and smoking. In addition, it reviews the risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, alcohol abuse and dependence, depressive disorders, and conduct disorders and evaluates current illustrative prevention programs. The models and examination provide a framework for the design, application, and evaluation of interventions intended to prevent mental disorders and the transfer of knowledge about prevention from research to clinical practice. The book presents a focused research agenda, with recommendations on how to develop effective intervention programs, create a cadre of prevention researchers, and improve coordination among federal agencies.

The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030918651X
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-12-21 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Randomized clinical trials are the primary tool for evaluating new medical interventions. Randomization provides for a fair comparison between treatment and control groups, balancing out, on average, distributions of known and unknown factors among the participants. Unfortunately, these studies often lack a substantial percentage of data. This missing data reduces the benefit provided by the randomization and introduces potential biases in the comparison of the treatment groups. Missing data can arise for a variety of reasons, including the inability or unwillingness of participants to meet appointments for evaluation. And in some studies, some or all of data collection ceases when participants discontinue study treatment. Existing guidelines for the design and conduct of clinical trials, and the analysis of the resulting data, provide only limited advice on how to handle missing data. Thus, approaches to the analysis of data with an appreciable amount of missing values tend to be ad hoc and variable. The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials concludes that a more principled approach to design and analysis in the presence of missing data is both needed and possible. Such an approach needs to focus on two critical elements: (1) careful design and conduct to limit the amount and impact of missing data and (2) analysis that makes full use of information on all randomized participants and is based on careful attention to the assumptions about the nature of the missing data underlying estimates of treatment effects. In addition to the highest priority recommendations, the book offers more detailed recommendations on the conduct of clinical trials and techniques for analysis of trial data.

A Guide to Conducting Prevention Research in the Community

Author : James G Kelly
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317736222
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis A Guide to Conducting Prevention Research in the Community by : James G Kelly

Download or read book A Guide to Conducting Prevention Research in the Community written by James G Kelly and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This provocative and useful volume is a step-by-step guide to assist professionals in implementing valid and useful community research and creating preventive interventions that have positive and lasting effects on the development of the community. The authors--including James G. Kelly, one of the fathers of prevention--offer valuable suggestions for developing community processes to assist the prevention researcher and the community in designing research that is embedded in the community. Experts focus on the topics that can help establish and sustain effective long-term working relationships with community members. Numerous examples illustrate how the collaborative working relationship can create the variety of resources that are needed to eventually implement policy changes stimulated by the research and help to sustain the impact of the research findings after the research has been completed. This exciting book illustrates how community research related to the prevention of mental illness and the promotion of mental health can be scientific and objective, as well as a positive collaboration between the research staff and community members. Focus upon community needs Emphasize educational activities to support the prevention research Identify points of policy impact before the research begins Enhance the development of social networks and social support systems for the development of competencies Provide criteria for the selection of systemic variables for the research Include reference to the multiple levels of a community which may affect the research topic Specify ways in which participants can identify and own the research topic Outline criteria for assessing the side effects of the prevention research In order to better understand the needs, values, commitments, and resources of the community in which he or she is working, the researcher is encouraged to select research topics derived from underlying community needs, educated the public about prevention, identify points of policy impact, and determine the informal social networks that enhance the development of social competencies in the community. The benefits of the collaborative relationship between prevention researchers and the community are strongly emphasized. A Guide to Conducting Prevention Research in the Community aims to guide citizens and professionals in implementing valid and useful community research and create preventive interventions that have positive and lasting effects on the development of the community.

A Guide to Conducting Prevention Research in the Community

Author : James G Kelly
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317736214
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis A Guide to Conducting Prevention Research in the Community by : James G Kelly

Download or read book A Guide to Conducting Prevention Research in the Community written by James G Kelly and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This provocative and useful volume is a step-by-step guide to assist professionals in implementing valid and useful community research and creating preventive interventions that have positive and lasting effects on the development of the community. The authors--including James G. Kelly, one of the fathers of prevention--offer valuable suggestions for developing community processes to assist the prevention researcher and the community in designing research that is embedded in the community. Experts focus on the topics that can help establish and sustain effective long-term working relationships with community members. Numerous examples illustrate how the collaborative working relationship can create the variety of resources that are needed to eventually implement policy changes stimulated by the research and help to sustain the impact of the research findings after the research has been completed. This exciting book illustrates how community research related to the prevention of mental illness and the promotion of mental health can be scientific and objective, as well as a positive collaboration between the research staff and community members. Focus upon community needs Emphasize educational activities to support the prevention research Identify points of policy impact before the research begins Enhance the development of social networks and social support systems for the development of competencies Provide criteria for the selection of systemic variables for the research Include reference to the multiple levels of a community which may affect the research topic Specify ways in which participants can identify and own the research topic Outline criteria for assessing the side effects of the prevention research In order to better understand the needs, values, commitments, and resources of the community in which he or she is working, the researcher is encouraged to select research topics derived from underlying community needs, educated the public about prevention, identify points of policy impact, and determine the informal social networks that enhance the development of social competencies in the community. The benefits of the collaborative relationship between prevention researchers and the community are strongly emphasized. A Guide to Conducting Prevention Research in the Community aims to guide citizens and professionals in implementing valid and useful community research and create preventive interventions that have positive and lasting effects on the development of the community.

Intervention Research

Author : Nyanda McBride
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811010110
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Intervention Research by : Nyanda McBride

Download or read book Intervention Research written by Nyanda McBride and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a step-by-step guide to intervention research, including the methods and techniques that researchers, higher degree research students and others can use when pursuing intervention research in schools and other settings. Guided by the Intervention Research Framework, it also provides practical information on linking a program developed using a comprehensive, evidence-based approach, to research and evaluation processes. The handbook also illustrates how to select an appropriate research sample for research; how to develop valid and reliable instruments for measuring change, including how to devise appropriate measures for assessing behavioural change; how to recruit and negotiate with schools (and other settings) for research involving young people; how to measure and incorporate measures of fidelity of implementation to understand dose response and behavior change; and how to optimize data collection and dissemination. The development and longitudinal assessment of the multi award-winning School Health and Alcohol Harm Reduction Project (SHAHRP) – the first alcohol harm reduction study to assess the impact of a school-based classroom intervention on alcohol use, alcohol-related behaviors and alcohol-related harm using a harm reduction paradigm – provides a practical example of the intervention research processes described in this handbook.

Reducing the Burden of Injury

Author : Committee on Injury Prevention and Control
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309593468
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Reducing the Burden of Injury by : Committee on Injury Prevention and Control

Download or read book Reducing the Burden of Injury written by Committee on Injury Prevention and Control and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-01-04 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Injuries are the leading cause of death and disability among people under age 35 in the United States. Despite great strides in injury prevention over the decades, injuries result in 150,000 deaths, 2.6 million hospitalizations, and 36 million visits to the emergency room each year. Reducing the Burden of Injury describes the cost and magnitude of the injury problem in America and looks critically at the current response by the public and private sectors, including: Data and surveillance needs. Research priorities. Trauma care systems development. Infrastructure support, including training for injury professionals. Firearm safety. Coordination among federal agencies. The authors define the field of injury and establish boundaries for the field regarding intentional injuries. This book highlights the crosscutting nature of the injury field, identifies opportunities to leverage resources and expertise of the numerous parties involved, and discusses issues regarding leadership at the federal level.

The Fast Track Program for Children at Risk

Author : Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group
Publisher : Guilford Publications
ISBN 13 : 1462541291
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fast Track Program for Children at Risk by : Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group

Download or read book The Fast Track Program for Children at Risk written by Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2019-10-30 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The authors conducted a prevention program called Fast Track, consisting of multicomponent, home-school prevention activities carried out with at-risk children from first to 10th grades over a 10-year period, to prevent serious antisocial behavior and youth violence and achieve positive social, emotional, and academic outcomes. They describe the research that informed the design of the program as part of their Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group, how the study was implemented, and outcomes up to 20 years later. They discuss the context for youth violence prevention in the US; the developmental and intervention research that informed the design of the program; the study design and the children and families who participated in it; interventions and impacts in elementary, middle, and high school years; early adult outcomes of the program; implications for developmental theory and research on the prevention of violence; and how communities can address the problem of future violence by focusing on high-risk young children."--Provided by publisher.

Preventing Crime and Violence

Author : Brent Teasdale
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319441248
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Preventing Crime and Violence by : Brent Teasdale

Download or read book Preventing Crime and Violence written by Brent Teasdale and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-29 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This insightful volume integrates criminological theories, prevention science, and empirical findings to create an up-to-date survey of crime prevention research and strategies. Its interdisciplinary perspective expands on our knowledge of risk factors to isolate the malleable mechanisms that produce criminal outcomes, and can therefore be targeted for intervention. In addition, the text identifies developmental, lifespan, and social areas for effective intervention. Reviews of family-, community-, and criminal justice-based crime prevention approaches not only detail a wide gamut of successful techniques, but also provide evidence for why they succeed. And as an extra research dimension, the book’s chapters on methodological issues and challenges uncover rich possibilities for the next generation of crime prevention studies. Included in the coverage: Integrating criminology and prevention research Social disorganization theory: its history and relevance to crime prevention Research designs in crime and violence prevention Macro- and micro-approaches to crime prevention and intervention programs Implications of life course: approaches for prevention science Promising avenues for prevention, including confronting sexual victimization on college campuses Spotlighting current progress and continuing evolution of the field, Preventing Crime and Violence will enhance the work of researchers, practitioners, academicians, and policymakers in public health, prevention science, criminology, and criminal justice, as well as students interested in criminology and criminal justice.

Priorities for Prevention Research at NIMH

Author : United States. National Advisory Mental Health Council. Workgroup on Mental Disorders Prevention Research
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis Priorities for Prevention Research at NIMH by : United States. National Advisory Mental Health Council. Workgroup on Mental Disorders Prevention Research

Download or read book Priorities for Prevention Research at NIMH written by United States. National Advisory Mental Health Council. Workgroup on Mental Disorders Prevention Research and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Preventing Drug Abuse

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309046270
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Preventing Drug Abuse by : National Research Council

Download or read book Preventing Drug Abuse written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the nation's drug crisis has deepened, public and private agencies have invested huge sums of money in prevention efforts. Are the resulting programs effective? What do we need to know to make them more effective? This book provides a comprehensive overview on what we know about drug abuse prevention and its effectiveness, including: Results of a wide range of antidrug efforts. The role and effectiveness of mass media in preventing drug use. A profile of the drug problem, including a look at drug use by different population groups. A review of three major schools of prevention theory-risk factor reduction, developmental change, and social influence. An examination of promising prevention techniques from other areas of health and human services. This volume offers provocative findings on the connection between low self-esteem and drug use, the role of schools, the reality of changing drug use in the population, and more. Preventing Drug Abuse will be indispensable to anyone involved in the search for solutions, including policymakers, anti-drug program developers and administrators, and researchers.

Linking Research and Public Health Practice

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309174864
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Linking Research and Public Health Practice by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Linking Research and Public Health Practice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-01-31 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health promotion and disease prevention are central priorities in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) vision. To advance research in these areas, Congress authorized and CDC established a program of university-based Centers for Research and Demonstration of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention to explore improved ways of appraising health hazards and to serve as demonstration sites for new and innovative research in public health. Begun in 1986 with three centers, there are now fourteen. In response to a CDC request to evaluate the program, Linking Research and Public Health Practice examines the vision for the prevention research centers program, the projects conducted by the centers, and the management and oversight of the program. In conducting the evaluation, the IOM committee took a broad view of how prevention research can influence the health of communities, and considered both the proximal risk factors for disease prevention and the more distal conditions for health promotion and improved equity in the distribution of risk factors. Month?

Prevention Research Findings

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Prevention Research Findings by :

Download or read book Prevention Research Findings written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of HIV Prevention

Author : John L. Peterson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461541379
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of HIV Prevention by : John L. Peterson

Download or read book Handbook of HIV Prevention written by John L. Peterson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the theories, methods and approaches for reducing HIV-associated risk behaviors. It represents the first single source of information about HIV prevention research in developed and developing countries. It will be an important resource for students, researchers and clinicians in the field.

Fulfilling the Potential of Cancer Prevention and Early Detection

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309170133
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Fulfilling the Potential of Cancer Prevention and Early Detection by : National Research Council

Download or read book Fulfilling the Potential of Cancer Prevention and Early Detection written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-07 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer ranks second only to heart disease as a leading cause of death in the United States, making it a tremendous burden in years of life lost, patient suffering, and economic costs. Fulfilling the Potential for Cancer Prevention and Early Detection reviews the proof that we can dramatically reduce cancer rates. The National Cancer Policy Board, part of the Institute of Medicine, outlines a national strategy to realize the promise of cancer prevention and early detection, including specific and wide-ranging recommendations. Offering a wealth of information and directly addressing major controversies, the book includes: A detailed look at how significantly cancer could be reduced through lifestyle changes, evaluating approaches used to alter eating, smoking, and exercise habits. An analysis of the intuitive notion that screening for cancer leads to improved health outcomes, including a discussion of screening methods, potential risks, and current recommendations. An examination of cancer prevention and control opportunities in primary health care delivery settings, including a review of interventions aimed at improving provider performance. Reviews of professional education and training programs, research trends and opportunities, and federal programs that support cancer prevention and early detection. This in-depth volume will be of interest to policy analysts, cancer and public health specialists, health care administrators and providers, researchers, insurers, medical journalists, and patient advocates.

Field Trials of Health Interventions

Author : Peter G. Smith
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198732864
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Field Trials of Health Interventions by : Peter G. Smith

Download or read book Field Trials of Health Interventions written by Peter G. Smith and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "IEA, International Epidemiological Association, Welcome Trust."

Beyond the HIPAA Privacy Rule

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309124999
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond the HIPAA Privacy Rule by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Beyond the HIPAA Privacy Rule written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the realm of health care, privacy protections are needed to preserve patients' dignity and prevent possible harms. Ten years ago, to address these concerns as well as set guidelines for ethical health research, Congress called for a set of federal standards now known as the HIPAA Privacy Rule. In its 2009 report, Beyond the HIPAA Privacy Rule: Enhancing Privacy, Improving Health Through Research, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Health Research and the Privacy of Health Information concludes that the HIPAA Privacy Rule does not protect privacy as well as it should, and that it impedes important health research.