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Preliminary Effect Of Synthetic Vision Systems Displays To Reduce Low Visibility Loss Of Control And Controlled Flight Into Terrain Accidents
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Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781721658442 Total Pages :28 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (584 download)
Book Synopsis Preliminary Effect of Synthetic Vision Systems Displays to Reduce Low-Visibility Loss of Control and Controlled Flight Into Terrain Accidents by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Preliminary Effect of Synthetic Vision Systems Displays to Reduce Low-Visibility Loss of Control and Controlled Flight Into Terrain Accidents written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental investigation was conducted to study the effectiveness of Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) flight displays as a means of eliminating Low Visibility Loss of Control (LVLOC) and Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) accidents by low time general aviation (GA) pilots. A series of basic maneuvers were performed by 18 subject pilots during transition from Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC) to Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC), with continued flight into IMC, employing a fixed-based flight simulator. A total of three display concepts were employed for this evaluation. One display concept, referred to as the Attitude Indicator (AI) replicated instrumentation common in today's General Aviation (GA) aircraft. The second display concept, referred to as the Electronic Attitude Indicator (EAI), featured an enlarged attitude indicator that was more representative of a glass display that also included advanced flight symbology, such as a velocity vector. The third concept, referred to as the SVS display, was identical to the EAI except that computer-generated terrain imagery replaced the conventional blue-sky/brown-ground of the EAI. Pilot performance parameters, pilot control inputs and physiological data were recorded for post-test analysis. Situation awareness (SA) and qualitative pilot comments were obtained through questionnaires and free-form interviews administered immediately after the experimental session. Initial pilot performance data were obtained by instructor pilot observations. Physiological data (skin temperature, heart rate, and muscle flexure) were also recorded. Preliminary results indicate that far less errors were committed when using the EAI and SVS displays than when using conventional instruments. The specific data example examined in this report illustrates the benefit from SVS displays to avoid massive loss of SA conditions. All pilots acknowledged the enhanced situation awareness provided by the SVS display concept. Levels of
Book Synopsis Innovation in Flight by : Joseph R. Chambers
Download or read book Innovation in Flight written by Joseph R. Chambers and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis NASA's Contributions to Aeronautics: Flight environment, operations, flight testing, and research by :
Download or read book NASA's Contributions to Aeronautics: Flight environment, operations, flight testing, and research written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 1064 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two-volume collection of case studies on aspects of NACA-NASA research by noted engineers, airmen, historians, museum curators, journalists, and independent scholars. Explores various aspects of how NACA-NASA research took aeronautics from the subsonic to the hypersonic era.-publisher description.
Book Synopsis NASA's Contributions to Aeronautics, Volume 2, Flight Environment ..., NASA/SP-2010-570-Vol 2, 2010, * by :
Download or read book NASA's Contributions to Aeronautics, Volume 2, Flight Environment ..., NASA/SP-2010-570-Vol 2, 2010, * written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 1066 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 22nd DASC written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Annual Index/abstracts of SAE Technical Papers by :
Download or read book Annual Index/abstracts of SAE Technical Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 822 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Concept of Operations for Commercial and Business Aircraft Synthetic Vision Systems by : Daniel M. Williams
Download or read book Concept of Operations for Commercial and Business Aircraft Synthetic Vision Systems written by Daniel M. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concept of operations (CONOPS) for the Commercial and Business (CaB) aircraft synthetic vision systems (SVS) is described. The CaB SVS is expected to provide increased safety and operational benefits in normal and low visibility conditions. Providing operational benefits will promote SVS implementation in the fleet, improve aviation safety, and assist in meeting the national aviation safety goal. SVS will enhance safety and enable consistent gate-to-gate aircraft operations in normal and low visibility conditions. The goal for developing SVS is to support operational minima as low as Category IIIb in a variety of environments. For departure and ground operations, the SVS goal is to enable operations with a runway visual range of 300 feet. The system is an integrated display concept that provides a virtual visual environment. The SVS virtual visual environment is composed of three components: an enhanced intuitive view of the flight environment, hazard and obstacle detection and display.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781721824588 Total Pages :34 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (245 download)
Book Synopsis Synthetic Vision Enhanced Surface Operations and Flight Procedures Rehearsal Tool by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Synthetic Vision Enhanced Surface Operations and Flight Procedures Rehearsal Tool written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-24 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Limited visibility has been cited as predominant causal factor for both Controlled-Flight-Into-Terrain (CFIT) and runway incursion accidents. NASA is conducting research and development of Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) technologies which may potentially mitigate low visibility conditions as a causal factor to these accidents while replicating the operational benefits of clear day flight operations, regardless of the actual outside visibility condition. Two experimental evaluation studies were performed to determine the efficacy of two concepts: 1) head-worn display application of SVS technology to enhance transport aircraft surface operations, and 2) three-dimensional SVS electronic flight bag display concept for flight plan preview, mission rehearsal and controller-pilot data link communications interface of flight procedures. In the surface operation study, pilots evaluated two display devices and four display modes during taxi under unlimited and CAT II visibility conditions. In the mission rehearsal study, pilots flew approaches and departures in an operationally-challenged airport environment, including CFIT scenarios. Performance using the SVS concepts was compared to traditional baseline displays with paper charts only or EFB information. In general, the studies evince the significant situation awareness and enhanced operational capabilities afforded from these advanced SVS display concepts. The experimental results and conclusions from these studies are discussed along with future directions. Arthur, Jarvis J., III and Prinzel, Lawrence J., III and Williams, Steven P. and Kramer, Lynda J. Langley Research Center SPIE-6226-18
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781726178075 Total Pages :50 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (78 download)
Book Synopsis Advanced Pathway Guidance Evaluations on a Synthetic Vision Head-Up Display by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Advanced Pathway Guidance Evaluations on a Synthetic Vision Head-Up Display written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-29 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NASA's Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) project is developing technologies with practical applications to potentially eliminate low visibility conditions as a causal factor to civil aircraft accidents while replicating the operational benefits of clear day flight operations, regardless of the actual outside visibility condition. A major thrust of the SVS project involves the development/demonstration of affordable, certifiable display configurations that provide intuitive out-the-window terrain and obstacle information with advanced guidance for commercial and business aircraft. This experiment evaluated the influence of different pathway and guidance display concepts upon pilot situation awareness (SA), mental workload, and flight path tracking performance for Synthetic Vision display concepts using a Head-Up Display (HUD). Two pathway formats (dynamic and minimal tunnel presentations) were evaluated against a baseline condition (no tunnel) during simulated instrument meteorological conditions approaches to Reno-Tahoe International airport. Two guidance cues (tadpole, follow-me aircraft) were also evaluated to assess their influence. Results indicated that the presence of a tunnel on an SVS HUD had no effect on flight path performance but that it did have significant effects on pilot SA and mental workload. The dynamic tunnel concept with the follow-me aircraft guidance symbol produced the lowest workload and provided the highest SA among the tunnel concepts evaluated.Kramer, Lynda J. and Prinzel, Lawrence J., III and Arthur, Jarvis J., III and Bailey, Randall E.Langley Research CenterENHANCED VISION; HEAD-UP DISPLAYS; WIND TUNNELS; CIVIL AVIATION; LOW VISIBILITY; WORKLOADS (PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY); SITUATIONAL AWARENESS; SIMULATION; INDEPENDENT VARIABLES; DATA PROCESSING; EXPERIMENT DESIGN; BOEING 757 AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT PATHS; TERRAIN; FLIGHT OPERATIONS...
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781721824205 Total Pages :32 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (242 download)
Book Synopsis Crew and Display Concepts Evaluation for Synthetic / Enhanced Vision Systems by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Crew and Display Concepts Evaluation for Synthetic / Enhanced Vision Systems written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-24 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NASA s Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) project is developing technologies with practical applications that strive to eliminate low-visibility conditions as a causal factor to civil aircraft accidents and replicate the operational benefits of clear day flight operations, regardless of the actual outside visibility condition. Enhanced Vision System (EVS) technologies are analogous and complementary in many respects to SVS, with the principle difference being that EVS is an imaging sensor presentation, as opposed to a database-derived image. The use of EVS in civil aircraft is projected to increase rapidly as the Federal Aviation Administration recently changed the aircraft operating rules under Part 91, revising the flight visibility requirements for conducting operations to civil airports. Operators conducting straight-in instrument approach procedures may now operate below the published approach minimums when using an approved EVS that shows the required visual references on the pilot s Head-Up Display. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the complementary use of SVS and EVS technologies, specifically focusing on new techniques for integration and/or fusion of synthetic and enhanced vision technologies and crew resource management while operating under the newly adopted FAA rules which provide operating credit for EVS. Overall, the experimental data showed that significant improvements in SA without concomitant increases in workload and display clutter could be provided by the integration and/or fusion of synthetic and enhanced vision technologies for the pilot-flying and the pilot-not-flying. Bailey, Randall E. and Kramer, Lynda J. and Prinzel, Lawrence J., III Langley Research Center SPIE Paper 6226-25
Book Synopsis Aviation Visual Perception by : Colonel Randy Gibb
Download or read book Aviation Visual Perception written by Colonel Randy Gibb and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vision is the dominant sense used by pilots and visual misperception has been identified as the primary contributing factor in numerous aviation mishaps, resulting in hundreds of fatalities and major resource loss. Despite physiological limitations for sensing and perceiving their aviation environment, pilots can often make the required visual judgments with a high degree of accuracy and precision. At the same time, however, visual illusions and misjudgments have been cited as the probable cause of numerous aviation accidents, and in spite of technological and instructional efforts to remedy some of the problems associated with visual perception in aviation, mishaps of this type continue to occur. Clearly, understanding the role of visual perception in aviation is key to improving pilot performance and reducing aviation mishaps. This book is the first dedicated to the role of visual perception in aviation, and it provides a comprehensive, single-source document encompassing all aspects of aviation visual perception. Thus, this book includes the foundations of visual and vestibular sensation and perception; how visual perceptual abilities are assessed in pilots; the pilot's perspective of visual flying; a summary of human factors research on the visual guidance of flying; examples of specific visual and vestibular illusions and misperceptions; mishap analyses from military, commercial and general aviation; and, finally, how this knowledge is being used to better understand visual perception in aviation's next generation. Aviation Visual Perception: Research, Misperception and Mishaps is intended to be used for instruction in academia, as a resource for human factors researchers, design engineers, and for instruction and training in the pilot community.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781719490429 Total Pages :82 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Fused Synthetic and Enhanced Vision Display Concepts for Low-Visibility Approach and Landing by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Evaluation of Fused Synthetic and Enhanced Vision Display Concepts for Low-Visibility Approach and Landing written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-05-22 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NASA is developing revolutionary crew-vehicle interface technologies that strive to proactively overcome aircraft safety barriers that would otherwise constrain the full realization of the next generation air transportation system. A piloted simulation experiment was conducted to evaluate the complementary use of Synthetic and Enhanced Vision technologies. Specific focus was placed on new techniques for integration and/or fusion of Enhanced and Synthetic Vision and its impact within a two-crew flight deck during low-visibility approach and landing operations. Overall, the experimental data showed that significant improvements in situation awareness, without concomitant increases in workload and display clutter, could be provided by the integration and/or fusion of synthetic and enhanced vision technologies for the pilot-flying and the pilot-not-flying. Improvements in lateral path control performance were realized when the Head-Up Display concepts included a tunnel, independent of the imagery (enhanced vision or fusion of enhanced and synthetic vision) presented with it. During non-normal operations, the ability of the crew to handle substantial navigational errors and runway incursions were neither improved nor adversely impacted by the display concepts. The addition of Enhanced Vision may not, of itself, provide an improvement in runway incursion detection without being specifically tailored for this application. Bailey, Randall E. and Kramer, Lynda J. and Prinzel, Lawrence J., III and Wilz, Susan J. Langley Research Center ENHANCED VISION; DISPLAY DEVICES; LOW VISIBILITY; AIRCRAFT SAFETY; APPROACH; AIRCRAFT LANDING; HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERFACE; TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT; SITUATIONAL AWARENESS; ACCIDENT PREVENTION
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781719502870 Total Pages :100 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (28 download)
Book Synopsis Enhanced Flight Vision Systems and Synthetic Vision Systems for Nextgen Approach and Landing Operations by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Enhanced Flight Vision Systems and Synthetic Vision Systems for Nextgen Approach and Landing Operations written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-05-23 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthetic Vision Systems and Enhanced Flight Vision System (SVS/EFVS) technologies have the potential to provide additional margins of safety for aircrew performance and enable operational improvements for low visibility operations in the terminal area environment with equivalent efficiency as visual operations. To meet this potential, research is needed for effective technology development and implementation of regulatory standards and design guidance to support introduction and use of SVS/EFVS advanced cockpit vision technologies in Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) operations. A fixed-base pilot-in-the-loop simulation test was conducted at NASA Langley Research Center that evaluated the use of SVS/EFVS in NextGen low visibility approach and landing operations. Twelve crews flew approach and landing operations in a simulated NextGen Chicago O'Hare environment. Various scenarios tested the potential for using EFVS to conduct approach, landing, and roll-out operations in visibility as low as 1000 feet runway visual range (RVR). Also, SVS was tested to evaluate the potential for lowering decision heights (DH) on certain instrument approach procedures below what can be flown today. Expanding the portion of the visual segment in which EFVS can be used in lieu of natural vision from 100 feet above the touchdown zone elevation to touchdown and rollout in visibilities as low as 1000 feet RVR appears to be viable as touchdown performance was acceptable without any apparent workload penalties. A lower DH of 150 feet and/or possibly reduced visibility minima using SVS appears to be viable when implemented on a Head-Up Display, but the landing data suggests further study for head-down implementations. Kramer, Lynda J. and Bailey, Randall E. and Ellis, Kyle K. E. and Williams, Steven P. and Arthur, Jarvis J., III and Prinzel, Lawrence J., III and Shelton, Kevin J. Langley Research Center ENHANCED VISION; VISIBILITY; AIR TRANSPORTATION; FLIGHT CREWS; VISUAL FL
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781721128679 Total Pages :146 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (286 download)
Book Synopsis Flight Test Comparison of Synthetic Vision Display Concepts at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Flight Test Comparison of Synthetic Vision Display Concepts at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Limited visibility is the single most critical factor affecting the safety and capacity of worldwide aviation operations. Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) technology can solve this visibility problem with a visibility solution. These displays employ computer-generated terrain imagery to present 3D, perspective out-the-window scenes with sufficient information and realism to enable operations equivalent to those of a bright, clear day, regardless of weather conditions. To introduce SVS display technology into as many existing aircraft as possible, a retrofit approach was defined that employs existing HDD display capabilities for glass cockpits and HUD capabilities for the other aircraft. This retrofit approach was evaluated for typical nighttime airline operations at a major international airport. Overall, 6 evaluation pilots performed 75 research approaches, accumulating 18 hours flight time evaluating SVS display concepts that used the NASA LaRC's Boeing B-757-200 aircraft at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. Results from this flight test establish the SVS retrofit concept, regardless of display size, as viable for tested conditions. Future assessments need to extend evaluation of the approach to operations in an appropriate, terrain-challenged environment with daytime test conditions. Glaab, Louis J. and Kramer, Lynda J. and Arthur, Trey and Parrish, Russell V. and Barry, John S. Langley Research Center WU 728-60-10-01
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781720512585 Total Pages :32 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (125 download)
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Alternate Concepts for Synthetic Vision Flight Displays with Weather-Penetrating Sensor Image Inserts During Simulated Landing Approaches by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Evaluation of Alternate Concepts for Synthetic Vision Flight Displays with Weather-Penetrating Sensor Image Inserts During Simulated Landing Approaches written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A simulation study was conducted in 1994 at Langley Research Center that used 12 commercial airline pilots repeatedly flying complex Microwave Landing System (MLS)-type approaches to parallel runways under Category IIIc weather conditions. Two sensor insert concepts of 'Synthetic Vision Systems' (SVS) were used in the simulated flights, with a more conventional electro-optical display (similar to a Head-Up Display with raster capability for sensor imagery), flown under less restrictive visibility conditions, used as a control condition. The SVS concepts combined the sensor imagery with a computer-generated image (CGI) of an out-the-window scene based on an onboard airport database. Various scenarios involving runway traffic incursions (taxiing aircraft and parked fuel trucks) and navigational system position errors (both static and dynamic) were used to assess the pilots' ability to manage the approach task with the display concepts. The two SVS sensor insert concepts contrasted the simple overlay of sensor imagery on the CGI scene without additional image processing (the SV display) to the complex integration (the AV display) of the CGI scene with pilot-decision aiding using both object and edge detection techniques for detection of obstacle conflicts and runway alignment errors.Parrish, Russell V. and Busquets, Anthony M. and Williams, Steven P. and Nold, Dean E.Langley Research CenterENHANCED VISION; DISPLAY DEVICES; LANDING SIMULATION; AIRCRAFT PILOTS; AIRCRAFT LANDING; TRAINING SIMULATORS; CIVIL AVIATION; RUNWAYS; RUNWAY ALIGNMENT; COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT; AIRPORTS
Book Synopsis Commercial Aviation Safety, Sixth Edition by : Stephen K. Cusick
Download or read book Commercial Aviation Safety, Sixth Edition written by Stephen K. Cusick and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2017-05-12 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up-To-Date Coverage of Every Aspect of Commercial Aviation Safety Completely revised edition to fully align with current U.S. and international regulations, this hands-on resource clearly explains the principles and practices of commercial aviation safety—from accident investigations to Safety Management Systems. Commercial Aviation Safety, Sixth Edition, delivers authoritative information on today's risk management on the ground and in the air. The book offers the latest procedures, flight technologies, and accident statistics. You will learn about new and evolving challenges, such as lasers, drones (unmanned aerial vehicles), cyberattacks, aircraft icing, and software bugs. Chapter outlines, review questions, and real-world incident examples are featured throughout. Coverage includes: • ICAO, FAA, EPA, TSA, and OSHA regulations • NTSB and ICAO accident investigation processes • Recording and reporting of safety data • U.S. and international aviation accident statistics • Accident causation models • The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) • Crew Resource Management (CRM) and Threat and Error Management (TEM) • Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) and Flight Data Monitoring (FDM) • Aircraft and air traffic control technologies and safety systems • Airport safety, including runway incursions • Aviation security, including the threats of intentional harm and terrorism • International and U.S. Aviation Safety Management Systems
Book Synopsis Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists by :
Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1988-01 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
