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Predictions From Eternal Inflation
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Book Synopsis Predictions From Eternal Inflation by : Stefan Leichenauer
Download or read book Predictions From Eternal Inflation written by Stefan Leichenauer and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate the physics of eternal inflation, particularly the use of multiverse ideas to explain the observed values of the cosmological constant and the coincidences of cosmological timescales. We begin by reviewing eternal inflation, the multiverse, and the resulting measure problem. Then follows a detailed study of proposals to solve the measure problem, both analytical and numerical, including an analysis of their predictions for cosmological observables. A key outcome of this investigation is that the traditional anthropic calculations, which take into account the necessity of galaxies and heavy elements to produce observers, are redundant in our framework. The cosmological coincidence problem, the seemingly coincidental equality of the timescales of observation and of vacuum domination, is solved for the first time without appeal to detailed anthropic assumptions: very general geometric considerations do the job automatically. We also estimate a 10% likelihood that evidence for eternal inflation will be found in upcoming measurements of the energy density of the universe. Encouraged by this success, we go on to construct a modified version of the light-cone time measure which has conceptual advantages but also reproduces the phenomenology of its predecessor. We complete our study of the measure problem by noting that for a wide class of proposed solutions, including the one developed here, there is an implicit assumption being made about a catastrophic end to the universe. Finally, as a by-product of this research program we find geometries which violate some of the accepted common knowledge on holographic entropy bounds. We point this out and conjecture a general result.
Book Synopsis Eternal Inflation by : Sergei Winitzki
Download or read book Eternal Inflation written by Sergei Winitzki and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, I discuss the long-standing technical and conceptual problems arising within the statistical framework describing models of cosmological inflation, known collectively as the "measure problem" in multiverse cosmology. After reviewing various existing approaches and mathematical techniques developed in the past two decades for studying these issues, I describe a new proposal for a measure in the multiverse, called the reheating-volume (RV) measure. The RV measure is based on approximating an infinite multiverse by a family of progressively larger but finite multiverses. I give a detailed description of the new measure and its applications to generic models of eternal inflation of random-walk type and to landscape scenarios. The RV prescription is formulated differently for scenarios with eternal inflation of the random walk type and for landscape scenarios. I derive analytic formulas for RV-regulated probability distributions that is suitable for numerical computations.
Book Synopsis Topics in Inflation and Eternal Inflation by : Mahdiyar Noorbala Tafti
Download or read book Topics in Inflation and Eternal Inflation written by Mahdiyar Noorbala Tafti and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is divided to three parts. In Chapter 1 we study observational signatures of chaotic inflation with nonminimal coupling to gravity. In the next two chapters we focus on the eternal nature of inflation and the measure problem. In Chapter 2 we compare predictions of several measures in eternal versus non-eternal inflation. Finally in Chapter 3 we study the Boltzmann brain problem for the scale factor cutoff measure of eternal inflation.
Book Synopsis Topics in Inflation and Eternal Inflation by : Mahdiyar Noorbala Tafti
Download or read book Topics in Inflation and Eternal Inflation written by Mahdiyar Noorbala Tafti and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is divided to three parts. In Chapter 1 we study observational signatures of chaotic inflation with nonminimal coupling to gravity. In the next two chapters we focus on the eternal nature of inflation and the measure problem. In Chapter 2 we compare predictions of several measures in eternal versus non-eternal inflation. Finally in Chapter 3 we study the Boltzmann brain problem for the scale factor cutoff measure of eternal inflation.
Book Synopsis The Measure Problem in Eternal Inflation by : Andrea De Simone (Ph. D.)
Download or read book The Measure Problem in Eternal Inflation written by Andrea De Simone (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflation is a paradigm for the physics of the early universe, and it has received a great deal of experimental support. Essentially all inflationary models lead to a regime called eternal inflation, a situation where inflation never ends globally, but it only ends locally. If the model is correct, the resulting picture is that of an infinite number of "bubbles", each of them containing an infinite universe, and we would be living deep inside one of these bubbles. This is the multiverse. Extracting meaningful predictions on what physics we should expect to observe within our bubble encounters severe ambiguities, like ratios of infinities. It is therefore necessary to adopt a prescription to regulate the diverging spacetime volume of the multiverse. The problem of defining such a prescription is the measure problem, which is a major challenge of theoretical cosmology. In this thesis, I shall describe the measure problem and propose a promising candidate solution: the scale-factor cutoff measure. I shall study this measure in detail and show that it is free of the pathologies many other measures suffer from. In particular, I shall discuss in some detail the "Boltzmann brain" problem in this measure and show that it can be avoided, provided that some plausible requirements about the landscape of vacua are satisfied. Two interesting applications of the scale-factor cutoff measure are investigated: the probability distributions for the cosmological constant and for the curvature parameter. The former turns out to be such that the observed value of the cosmological constant is quite plausible. As for the curvature parameter, its distribution using the scale-factor measure predicts some chance to detect a nonzero curvature in the future.
Book Synopsis Inflationary Cosmology by : Martin Lemoine
Download or read book Inflationary Cosmology written by Martin Lemoine and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-10-12 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some 25 years after the birth of inflationary cosmology, this volume sets out to provide both an authoritative and pedagogical introduction and review of the current state of the field. Readers learn about the arguments supporting the many different scenarios of cosmic inflation. Articles are written by eminent scientists, many of whom have made pioneering contributions to the field of inflationary cosmology.
Book Synopsis The Inflationary Universe by : Alan Guth
Download or read book The Inflationary Universe written by Alan Guth and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 1998-03-18 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the compelling, first-hand account of Alan Guth's paradigm-breaking discovery of the origins of the universe—and of his dramatic rise from young researcher to physics superstar. Guth's startling theory—widely regarded as one of the most important contributions to science during the twentieth century—states that the big bang was set into motion by a period of hyper-rapid “inflation,” lasting only a billion-trillion-billionth of a second. The Inflationary Universe is the passionate story of one leading scientist's effort to look behind the cosmic veil and explain how the universe began.
Book Synopsis Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology by : Andrei Linde
Download or read book Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology written by Andrei Linde and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-05-17 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A monograph on inflationary cosmology and cosmological phase transitions, investigating modern cosmology's relationship to elementary particle physics. This work also includes a non-technical discussion of inflationary cosmology for those unfamiliar with the theory.
Book Synopsis Reheating After Inflation by : Kaloian Lozanov
Download or read book Reheating After Inflation written by Kaloian Lozanov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-09-16 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a pedagogical introduction to the rapidly growing field of reheating after inflation. It begins with a brief review of the inflationary paradigm and a motivation for why the reheating of the universe is an integral part of inflationary cosmology. It then goes on to survey different aspects of reheating in a chronological manner, starting from the young, empty and cold universe at the end of inflation, and going all the way to the hot and thermal universe at the beginning of the Big Bang nucleosynthesis epoch. Different particle production mechanisms are considered with a focus on the non-perturbative excitation of scalar fields at the beginning of reheating (fermionic and vector fields are also discussed). This is followed by a review of the subsequent non-linear dynamical processes, such as soliton formation and relativistic turbulence. Various thermalization processes are also discussed. High energy physics embeddings of phenomenological models as well as observational implications of reheating such as gravitational waves generation and imprints on the cosmic microwave background are also covered.
Book Synopsis Many Worlds in One by : Alex Vilenkin
Download or read book Many Worlds in One written by Alex Vilenkin and published by Hill and Wang. This book was released on 2007-07-10 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Leading Figure in the Development of the New Cosmology Explains What It All Means Among his peers, Alex Vilenkin is regarded as one of the most imaginative and creative cosmologists of our time. His contributions to our current understanding of the universe include a number of novel ideas, two of which—eternal cosmic inflation and the quantum creation of the universe from nothing—have provided a scientific foundation for the possible existence of multiple universes. With this book—his first for the general reader—Vilenkin joins another select group: the handful of first-rank scientists who are equally adept at explaining their work to nonspecialists. With engaging, well-paced storytelling, a droll sense of humor, and a generous sprinkling of helpful cartoons, he conjures up a bizarre and fascinating new worldview that—to paraphrase Niels Bohr—just might be crazy enough to be true.
Download or read book Quantum Shorts written by Michael Brooks and published by Pagesetters Services. This book was released on 2019 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents winning and shortlisted stories from past editions of the international Quantum Shorts competition. Inspired by the weird and wonderful world of quantum physics, the shorts range from bold imaginings of a quantum future to contemplations rooted in the everyday. They feature characters of all sorts: lovers beginning their lives together, an atom having an existential crisis, and, of course, cats. These Quantum Shorts will unleash in your mind a multiverse of ideas.
Book Synopsis Inflation and String Theory by : Daniel Baumann
Download or read book Inflation and String Theory written by Daniel Baumann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past two decades have seen transformative advances in cosmology and string theory. Observations of the cosmic microwave background have revealed strong evidence for inflationary expansion in the very early universe, while new insights about compactifications of string theory have led to a deeper understanding of inflation in a framework that unifies quantum mechanics and general relativity. Written by two of the leading researchers in the field, this complete and accessible volume provides a modern treatment of inflationary cosmology and its connections to string theory and elementary particle theory. After an up-to-date experimental summary, the authors present the foundations of effective field theory, string theory, and string compactifications, setting the stage for a detailed examination of models of inflation in string theory. Three appendices contain background material in geometry and cosmological perturbation theory, making this a self-contained resource for graduate students and researchers in string theory, cosmology, and related fields.
Book Synopsis Physical Foundations of Cosmology by : Viatcheslav Mukhanov
Download or read book Physical Foundations of Cosmology written by Viatcheslav Mukhanov and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-11-10 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflationary cosmology has been developed over the last twenty years to remedy serious shortcomings in the standard hot big bang model of the universe. This textbook, first published in 2005, explains the basis of modern cosmology and shows where the theoretical results come from. The book is divided into two parts; the first deals with the homogeneous and isotropic model of the Universe, the second part discusses how inhomogeneities can explain its structure. Established material such as the inflation and quantum cosmological perturbation are presented in great detail, however the reader is brought to the frontiers of current cosmological research by the discussion of more speculative ideas. An ideal textbook for both advanced students of physics and astrophysics, all of the necessary background material is included in every chapter and no prior knowledge of general relativity and quantum field theory is assumed.
Book Synopsis Cosmological Koans: A Journey to the Heart of Physical Reality by : Anthony Aguirre
Download or read book Cosmological Koans: A Journey to the Heart of Physical Reality written by Anthony Aguirre and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2019-05-21 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cosmological Koans invites the reader into an intellectual adventure of the highest order. Through more than fifty Koans—pleasingly paradoxical vignettes following the ancient Zen tradition—leading physicist Anthony Aguirre takes the reader across the world from West to East, and through ideas spanning the age, breadth, and depth of the Universe. Using these beguiling Koans (Could there be a civilization on a mote of dust? How much of your fate have you made? Who cleans the universe?) and a flair for explaining complex science, Aguirre covers cosmic questions that scientific giants from Aristotle to Galileo to Heisenberg have grappled with, from the meaning of quantum theory and the nature of time to the origin of multiple universes. A playful and enlightening book, Cosmological Koans explores the strange hinterland between the deep structure of the physical world and our personal experience of it, giving readers what Einstein himself called “the most beautiful and deepest experience” anyone can have: a sense of the mysterious.
Book Synopsis Multiverse Theories by : Simon Friederich
Download or read book Multiverse Theories written by Simon Friederich and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-28 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If the laws of nature are fine-tuned for life, can we infer other universes with different laws? How could we even test such a theory without empirical access to those distant places? Can we believe in the multiverse of the Everett interpretation of quantum theory or in the reality of other possible worlds, as advocated by philosopher David Lewis? At the intersection of physics and philosophy of science, this book outlines the philosophical challenge to theoretical physics in a measured, well-grounded manner. The origin of multiverse theories are explored within the context of the fine-tuning problem and a systematic comparison between the various different multiverse models are included. Cosmologists, high energy physicists, and philosophers including graduate students and researchers will find a systematic exploration of such questions in this important book.
Book Synopsis Our Mathematical Universe by : Max Tegmark
Download or read book Our Mathematical Universe written by Max Tegmark and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2015-02-03 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Max Tegmark leads us on an astonishing journey through past, present and future, and through the physics, astronomy and mathematics that are the foundation of his work, most particularly his hypothesis that our physical reality is a mathematical structure and his theory of the ultimate multiverse. In a dazzling combination of both popular and groundbreaking science, he not only helps us grasp his often mind-boggling theories, but he also shares with us some of the often surprising triumphs and disappointments that have shaped his life as a scientist. Fascinating from first to last—this is a book that has already prompted the attention and admiration of some of the most prominent scientists and mathematicians.
Book Synopsis Universe Or Multiverse? by : Bernard Carr
Download or read book Universe Or Multiverse? written by Bernard Carr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-06-21 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physicists argue from different perspectives for and against the idea of the existence of multiple universes.
