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Predicting Paraffin Wax Deposition And Its Prevention During Crude Oil Production In Malaysia
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Book Synopsis Predicting Paraffin Wax Deposition and Its Prevention During Crude Oil Production in Malaysia by : Ekeh Modesty Kelechukwu
Download or read book Predicting Paraffin Wax Deposition and Its Prevention During Crude Oil Production in Malaysia written by Ekeh Modesty Kelechukwu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wax Deposition written by Zhenyu Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field Practices covers the entire spectrum of knowledge on wax deposition. The book delivers a detailed description of the thermodynamic and transport theories for wax deposition modeling as well as a comprehensive review of laboratory testing for the establishment of appropr
Book Synopsis Effect of Rotation Speed and Temperature to Wax Deposition for Malaysian Crude Oil by : Fazerah Moin
Download or read book Effect of Rotation Speed and Temperature to Wax Deposition for Malaysian Crude Oil written by Fazerah Moin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wax depositions have been a major problem in the oil and gas field. It generates additional pressure drop and causes fouling which ultimately increase the operating cost during production, transportation, and handling of waxy crude oil. The problem are initiated due to the decrease of crude oil temperature during the transportation process which eventually caused the solidified of the crude oil to form wax. The deposited wax is normally removed by pigging process. The wax deposition of the crude oil in the pipeline makes the flow area smaller and smaller with time, which then influences the transportation capacity and the operation safety of the pipeline. There are many factors that influence the wax deposition: the crude components, the carbon atom distribution of the paraffin, the oil temperature, the temperature difference between the oil and the pipe wall, the deposition duration, the flow rate, and so on. In this research the effect of rotation speed was investigated toward the wax deposition. In addition, the temperature effect to the wax solubility is also been studied. The experimental work were conducted using cold finger device. Two different type of wax inhibitor are used in this study which are cyclohexane and toluene. As rotation speed is increased, the wax deposit obtained at the cold finger is decreased. However, at the certain minimum point, the amount of wax deposit is increased. For the wax solubility test, temperature was found to be the main effect to the wax. At the highest temperature, the solubility of paraffin wax is increased.
Book Synopsis Managing Paraffin/Wax Deposition Challenges in Deepwater Hydrocarbon Production Systems by : Keshawa Shukla
Download or read book Managing Paraffin/Wax Deposition Challenges in Deepwater Hydrocarbon Production Systems written by Keshawa Shukla and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevention of solids formation and their deposition are major challenges to design and operate any subsea hydrocarbon production systems. One of the most challenging issues is the management of paraffin/wax. As the water depth increases, at the low temperatures of subsea conditions, hydrocarbons may precipitate as wax, which can solidify and restrict the flow. During shutdown of a subsea production system wax gel may form and solidify when a crude oil cools below its pour point causing operational problems from downhole to the processing facilities. The purpose of this chapter is to address the paraffin/wax formation and deposition issues to properly design a subsea production system consisting of pipe-in-pipe flowline and flexible riser under deepwater environment. A field specific example is presented to manage the wax formation/deposition and prevent paraffin/wax deposition risks in an effective way during the normal and the shut-in operations of the subsea production system. This study illustrates that the subsea hardware, such as water stop and equipment valves, along with the flowline, riser and jumper should be sufficiently insulated in order to prevent any cold spots in the production system, and achieve sufficient cooldown time for the shut-in operations.
Book Synopsis Wax deposition in laminar flow with suspended crystals by :
Download or read book Wax deposition in laminar flow with suspended crystals written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A tendência da produção offshore do petróleo é crescente. O transportedo óleo nestes ambientes frios (águas profundas) ocasiona a perda desolubilidade e precipitação das parafinas de alto peso molecular. A deposição deparafinas nas paredes internas das linhas é um problema crítico para otransporte do óleo, causando o bloqueio parcial ou total da linha, um incrementoda potência de bombeamento e elevados custos de manutenção que sãoproporcionais ao aumento da lâmina de água. A pesquisa bibliográfica realizadaneste trabalho revela que ainda existem discordâncias entre os pesquisadoressobre a relevância de cada um dos mecanismos de deposição de parafinaconhecidos. O melhor entendimento dos mesmos resultaria em previsões maisacuradas das taxas de deposição que seriam muito importantes para orientarprogramas de manutenção e o projeto de novas linhas. A filosofia do presentetrabalho é realizar experimentos simples, com propriedades de fluido conhecidase condições de contorno bem controladas procurando um melhor entendimentoda importância e relevância de cada um dos mecanismos de deposição. Paraeste fim, foram realizadas experiências de visualização do fenômeno dedeposição para uma mistura de óleo-parafina escoando em regime laminar, submetida a diferentes condições de temperatura. Experiências feitas comcristais de parafina precipitados em suspensão mostraram que é necessário umfluxo de calor negativo para produzir deposição. Para fluxos de calor zero epositivo não foi visualizada deposição alguma. Adicionalmente, para condiçõesde fluxo de calor negativo, foram realizadas medições da evolução temporal daespessura da camada depositada tendo como variáveis, diferentes números deReynolds e gradientes de temperatura. Os perfis de deposição obtidos dasexperiências realizadas são informação importante e original que podem serutilizadas para validação de modelos de simulação numérica.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Wax Deposition and Its Control During Production of Alaska North Slope Oils by :
Download or read book Evaluation of Wax Deposition and Its Control During Production of Alaska North Slope Oils written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to increasing oil demand, oil companies are moving into arctic environments and deep-water areas for oil production. In these regions of lower temperatures, wax deposits begin to form when the temperature in the wellbore falls below wax appearance temperature (WAT). This condition leads to reduced production rates and larger pressure drops. Wax problems in production wells are very costly due to production down time for removal of wax. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a solution to wax deposition. In order to develop a solution to wax deposition, it is essential to characterize the crude oil and study phase behavior properties. The main objective of this project was to characterize Alaskan North Slope crude oil and study the phase behavior, which was further used to develop a dynamic wax deposition model. This report summarizes the results of the various experimental studies. The subtasks completed during this study include measurement of density, molecular weight, viscosity, pour point, wax appearance temperature, wax content, rate of wax deposition using cold finger, compositional characterization of crude oil and wax obtained from wax content, gas-oil ratio, and phase behavior experiments including constant composition expansion and differential liberation. Also, included in this report is the development of a thermodynamic model to predict wax precipitation. From the experimental study of wax appearance temperature, it was found that wax can start to precipitate at temperatures as high as 40.6 C. The WAT obtained from cross-polar microscopy and viscometry was compared, and it was discovered that WAT from viscometry is overestimated. From the pour point experiment it was found that crude oil can cease to flow at a temperature of 12 C. From the experimental results of wax content, it is evident that the wax content in Alaskan North Slope crude oil can be as high as 28.57%. The highest gas-oil ratio for a live oil sample was observed to be 619.26 SCF/STB. The bubblepoint pressure for live oil samples varied between 1600 psi and 2100 psi. Wax precipitation is one of the most important phenomena in wax deposition and, hence, needs to be modeled. There are various models present in the literature. Won's model, which considers the wax phase as a non-ideal solution, and Pedersen's model, which considers the wax phase as an ideal solution, were compared. Comparison indicated that Pedersen's model gives better results, but the assumption of wax phase as an ideal solution is not realistic. Hence, Won's model was modified to consider different precipitation characteristics of the various constituents in the hydrocarbon fraction. The results obtained from the modified Won's model were compared with existing models, and it was found that predictions from the modified model are encouraging.
Book Synopsis Processing of Heavy Crude Oils by : Ramasamy Marappa Gounder
Download or read book Processing of Heavy Crude Oils written by Ramasamy Marappa Gounder and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis System and Method for the Mitigation of Paraffin Wax Deposition from Crude Oil by Using Ultrasonic Waves by :
Download or read book System and Method for the Mitigation of Paraffin Wax Deposition from Crude Oil by Using Ultrasonic Waves written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A method for mitigating the deposition of wax on production tubing walls. The method comprises positioning at least one ultrasonic frequency generating device adjacent the production tubing walls and producing at least one ultrasonic frequency thereby disintegrating the wax and inhibiting the wax from attaching to the production tubing walls. A system for mitigating the deposition of wax on production tubing walls is also provided.
Book Synopsis The Deposition and Rheology of Organic Gels by : Ramachandran Venkatesan
Download or read book The Deposition and Rheology of Organic Gels written by Ramachandran Venkatesan and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Production Chemicals for the Oil and Gas Industry by : Malcolm A. Kelland
Download or read book Production Chemicals for the Oil and Gas Industry written by Malcolm A. Kelland and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-03-13 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text discusses a wide variety of production chemicals used by the oil and gas industry for down-hole and topside applications both onshore and offshore. It reviews all past and present classes of production chemicals, providing numerous difficult-to-obtain references. Unlike other texts that focus on how products perform in the field, this book focuses on the specific structures of chemicals that are known to deliver the required or desired performance. Where known, it also details the environmental aspects of the chemicals discussed and their success in the field.
Book Synopsis Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Transport Lines and Wax Estimation Methods by : Fadi Alnaimat
Download or read book Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Transport Lines and Wax Estimation Methods written by Fadi Alnaimat and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum industry is one of the major industries serving the energy demands. Flow assurance is essential for providing continuous fuel supply. Wax deposition is the main issue that affects flow assurance or reduces the efficiency of transporting crude oil. As the maintenance cost of repairing and troubleshooting is very high, addressing issues related to flow assurance becomes critical in the petroleum industry. This chapter will explore methods used for reducing, cleaning, and monitoring deposition of wax. Wax dissolved in the crude oil gets crystallized causing accumulation across the pipe walls once the bulk temperature of the crude oil gets lower than wax appearance temperature (WAT). Mechanical, thermal, chemical, and microbial methods highlighting general practice in the industry are discussed in this chapter. Next, the direct techniques providing information about the numerical wax deposition models used along with scientific measurement techniques are emphasized. Later, the indirect measurement techniques are discussed providing information about the external probing and nondestructive techniques to obtain information about wax layer deposition inside the pipe. The role of artificial intelligence and use of fuzzy logic for effective wax prediction or in developing the existing wax numerical models are emphasized in the last section.
Book Synopsis Equations of State and PVT Analysis by : Tarek Ahmed
Download or read book Equations of State and PVT Analysis written by Tarek Ahmed and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-11-25 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title covers a wide range of topics related to the Pressure Volume Temperature (PVT) behavior of complex hydrocarbon systems and documents the ability of Equations of State (EOS) in modeling their behavior. The main objective of this book is to provide the practicing engineer and engineering student with tools needed to solve problems that require a description of the PVT of hydrocarbon systems from their compositions. Because of the dramatic evolution in computational capabilities, petroleum engineers can now study such phenomena as the development of miscibility during gas injection, compositional gradient as a function of depth and the behavior near critical hydrocarbon systems with more sophisticated EOS models.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Separation Technology by : Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini
Download or read book Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Separation Technology written by Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-24 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains papers presented in the 3rd International Conference on Separation Technology 2020 (ICoST 2020) held from 15 to 16th August 2020 at Johor, Malaysia. This proceeding contains papers presented by academics and industrial practitioners showcasing the latest advancements and findings in field of separation technology. The papers are categorized under the following tracks and topics of research: Environment Engineering Biotechnology Absorption and Adsorption Technology Wastewater Treatment ICoST 2020 covers multidisciplinary perspectives on separation research and aims to promote scientific information interchange between academics, researchers, graduates and industry professionals worldwide. This conference provides opportunities for the delegates to exchange new ideas and application experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations and to find global partners for future collaboration.
Book Synopsis Ionic Liquids in Flow Assurance by : Bhajan Lal
Download or read book Ionic Liquids in Flow Assurance written by Bhajan Lal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-05 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the application of ionic liquids in flow assurance in the oil and gas industry. It discusses their physiochemical properties, and considers the role of ionic liquids as gas hydrate inhibitors in offshore pipelines. Gas hydrate occurrence can pose a major threat to pipeline integrity. Therefore, different categories of gas hydrate inhibitors and the main factors influencing ionic liquids during gas hydrate inhibition are examined thoroughly. The use of ionic liquids as corrosion inhibitors, their application in flow assurance industry to mitigate corrosion, and factors affecting their performance are discussed. Finally, the applications of ionic liquids in wax, scale and asphaltenes deposition control is explored. The extensive discussion of ionic liquids in flow assurance mean that this book will be of use to researchers, engineers, and industry professionals in upstream processing of the oil and gas sector.
Book Synopsis Characterization and Properties of Petroleum Fractions by : M. R. Riazi
Download or read book Characterization and Properties of Petroleum Fractions written by M. R. Riazi and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2005 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last three chapters of this book deal with application of methods presented in previous chapters to estimate various thermodynamic, physical, and transport properties of petroleum fractions. In this chapter, various methods for prediction of physical and thermodynamic properties of pure hydrocarbons and their mixtures, petroleum fractions, crude oils, natural gases, and reservoir fluids are presented. As it was discussed in Chapters 5 and 6, properties of gases may be estimated more accurately than properties of liquids. Theoretical methods of Chapters 5 and 6 for estimation of thermophysical properties generally can be applied to both liquids and gases; however, more accurate properties can be predicted through empirical correlations particularly developed for liquids. When these correlations are developed with some theoretical basis, they are more accurate and have wider range of applications. In this chapter some of these semitheoretical correlations are presented. Methods presented in Chapters 5 and 6 can be used to estimate properties such as density, enthalpy, heat capacity, heat of vaporization, and vapor pressure. Characterization methods of Chapters 2-4 are used to determine the input parameters needed for various predictive methods. One important part of this chapter is prediction of vapor pressure that is needed for vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations of Chapter 9.
Book Synopsis Oil Spill Environmental Forensics Case Studies by : Scott Stout
Download or read book Oil Spill Environmental Forensics Case Studies written by Scott Stout and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2017-10-22 with total page 861 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil Spill Environmental Forensics Case Studies includes 34 chapters that serve to present various aspects of environmental forensics in relation to "real-world oil spill case studies from around the globe. Authors representing academic, government, and private researcher groups from 14 countries bring a diverse and global perspective to this volume. Oil Spill Environmental Forensics Case Studies addresses releases of natural gas/methane, automotive gasoline and other petroleum fuels, lubricants, vegetable oils, paraffin waxes, bitumen, manufactured gas plant residues, urban runoff, and, of course, crude oil, the latter ranging from light Bakken shale oil to heavy Canadian oil sands oil. New challenges surrounding forensic investigations of stray gas in the shallow subsurface, volatiles in air, dissolved chemicals in water (including passive samplers), and biological tissues associated with oil spills are included, as are the effects and long-term oil weathering, long-term monitoring in urbanized and non-urbanized environments, fate and transport, forensic historical research, new analytical and chemical data processing and interpretation methods. - Presents cases in each chapter on the application of specific oil spill environmental forensic techniques - Features chapters written by international experts from both academia and industry - Includes relevant concepts and theories elucidated for each theme
Book Synopsis Well Completion Design by : Jonathan Bellarby
Download or read book Well Completion Design written by Jonathan Bellarby and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-04-13 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completions are the conduit between hydrocarbon reservoirs and surface facilities. They are a fundamental part of any hydrocarbon field development project. The have to be designed for safely maximising the hydrocarbon recovery from the well and may have to last for many years under ever changing conditions. Issues include: connection with the reservoir rock, avoiding sand production, selecting the correct interval, pumps and other forms of artificial lift, safety and integrity, equipment selection and installation and future well interventions. - Course book based on course well completion design by TRACS International - Unique in its field: Coverage of offshore, subsea, and landbased completions in all of the major hydrocarbon basins of the world - Full colour
