Post Editing Of Machine Translation

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Problem solving activities in post-editing and translation from scratch

Author : Jean Nitzke
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961101310
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Problem solving activities in post-editing and translation from scratch by : Jean Nitzke

Download or read book Problem solving activities in post-editing and translation from scratch written by Jean Nitzke and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Companies and organisations are increasingly using machine translation to improve efficiency and cost-effectiveness, and then edit the machine translated output to create a fluent text that adheres to given text conventions. This procedure is known as post-editing. Translation and post-editing can often be categorised as problem-solving activities. When the translation of a source text unit is not immediately obvious to the translator, or in other words, if there is a hurdle between the source item and the target item, the translation process can be considered problematic. Conversely, if there is no hurdle between the source and target texts, the translation process can be considered a task-solving activity and not a problem-solving activity. This study investigates whether machine translated output influences problem-solving effort in internet research, syntax, and other problem indicators and whether the effort can be linked to expertise. A total of 24 translators (twelve professionals and twelve semi-professionals) produced translations from scratch from English into German, and (monolingually) post-edited machine translation output for this study. The study is part of the CRITT TPR-DB database. The translation and (monolingual) post-editing sessions were recorded with an eye-tracker and a keylogging program. The participants were all given the same six texts (two texts per task). Different approaches were used to identify problematic translation units. First, internet research behaviour was considered as research is a distinct indicator of problematic translation units. Then, the focus was placed on syntactical structures in the MT output that do not adhere to the rules of the target language, as I assumed that they would cause problems in the (monolingual) post-editing tasks that would not occur in the translation from scratch task. Finally, problem indicators were identified via different parameters like Munit, which indicates how often the participants created and modified one translation unit, or the inefficiency (InEff) value of translation units, i.e. the number of produced and deleted tokens divided by the final length of the translation. Finally, the study highlights how these parameters can be used to identify problems in the translation process data using mere keylogging data.

A short guide to post-editing

Author : Jean Nitzke
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 396110333X
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis A short guide to post-editing by : Jean Nitzke

Download or read book A short guide to post-editing written by Jean Nitzke and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial intelligence is changing and will continue to change the world we live in. These changes are also influencing the translation market. Machine translation (MT) systems automatically transfer one language to another within seconds. However, MT systems are very often still not capable of producing perfect translations. To achieve high quality translations, the MT output first has to be corrected by a professional translator. This procedure is called post-editing (PE). PE has become an established task on the professional translation market. The aim of this text book is to provide basic knowledge about the most relevant topics in professional PE. The text book comprises ten chapters on both theoretical and practical aspects including topics like MT approaches and development, guidelines, integration into CAT tools, risks in PE, data security, practical decisions in the PE process, competences for PE, and new job profiles.

Post-editing of Machine Translation

Author : Laura Winther Balling
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443857971
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-editing of Machine Translation by : Laura Winther Balling

Download or read book Post-editing of Machine Translation written by Laura Winther Balling and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-17 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post-editing is possibly the oldest form of human-machine cooperation for translation. It has been a common practice for just about as long as operational machine translation systems have existed. Recently, however, there has been a surge of interest in post-editing among the wider user community, partly due to the increasing quality of machine translation output, but also to the availability of free, reliable software for both machine translation and post-editing. As a result, the practices and processes of the translation industry are changing in fundamental ways. This volume is a compilation of work by researchers, developers and practitioners of post-editing, presented at two recent events on post-editing: The first Workshop on Post-editing Technology and Practice, held in conjunction with the 10th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, held in San Diego, in 2012; and the International Workshop on Expertise in Translation and Post-editing Research and Application, held at the Copenhagen Business School, in 2012.

Repairing Texts

Author : Hans P. Krings
Publisher : Kent State University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780873386715
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (867 download)

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Book Synopsis Repairing Texts by : Hans P. Krings

Download or read book Repairing Texts written by Hans P. Krings and published by Kent State University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study challenges the idea that, given the effectiveness of machine translation, major costs could be reduced by using monolingual staff to post-edit translations. It presents studies of machine translation systems, and current research into translation process.

Translation Revision and Post-editing

Author : Maarit Koponen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000201570
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Translation Revision and Post-editing by : Maarit Koponen

Download or read book Translation Revision and Post-editing written by Maarit Koponen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translation Revision and Post-editing looks at the apparently dissolving boundary between correcting translations generated by human brains and those generated by machines. It presents new research on post-editing and revision in government and corporate translation departments, translation agencies, the literary publishing sector and the volunteer sector, as well as on training in both types of translation checking work. This collection includes empirical studies based on surveys, interviews and keystroke logging, as well as more theoretical contributions questioning such traditional distinctions as translating versus editing. The chapters discuss revision and post-editing involving eight languages: Afrikaans, Catalan, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German and Spanish. Among the topics covered are translator/reviser relations and revising/post-editing by non-professionals. The book is key reading for researchers, instructors and advanced students in Translation Studies as well as for professional translators with a special interest in checking translations.

Computers and Translation

Author : H. L. Somers
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9789027216403
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (164 download)

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Book Synopsis Computers and Translation by : H. L. Somers

Download or read book Computers and Translation written by H. L. Somers and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed for translators and other professional linguists, this work attempts to clarify, explain and exemplify the impact that computers have had and are having on their profession. The book concerns machine translation, computer-aided translation and the future of translation and the computer.

Machine Translation

Author : Jörg Porsiel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783938430941
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Machine Translation by : Jörg Porsiel

Download or read book Machine Translation written by Jörg Porsiel and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Machine Translation

Author : John Lehrberger
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027286205
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Machine Translation by : John Lehrberger

Download or read book Machine Translation written by John Lehrberger and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of the computer in translating natural languages ranges from that of a translator's aid for word processing and dictionary lookup to that of a full-fledged translator on its own. However the obstacles to translating by means of the computer are primarily linguistic. To overcome them it is necessary to resolve the ambiguities that pervade a natural language when words and sentences are viewed in isolation. The problem then is to formalize, in the computer, these aspects of natural language understanding. The authors show how, from a linguistic point of view, one may form some idea of what goes on inside a system's black box, given only the input (original text) and the raw output (translated text before post-editing). Many examples of English/French translation are used to illustrate the principles involved.

Trends in E-Tools and Resources for Translators and Interpreters

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004351795
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Trends in E-Tools and Resources for Translators and Interpreters by :

Download or read book Trends in E-Tools and Resources for Translators and Interpreters written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-12-11 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trends in E-Tools and Resources for Translators and Interpreters offers a collection of contributions from key players in the field of translation and interpreting that accurately outline some of the most cutting-edge technologies in this field.

Translation in Transition

Author : Arnt Lykke Jakobsen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027265372
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Translation in Transition by : Arnt Lykke Jakobsen

Download or read book Translation in Transition written by Arnt Lykke Jakobsen and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translation practice and workflows have witnessed significant changes during the last decade. New market demands to handle digital content as well as technological advances are leading this transition. The development and integration of machine translation systems have given post-editing practices a reason to be in the context of professional translation services. Translators may still work from a source text, but more often than not they are presented with already translated text involving different degrees of translation automation. This scenario radically changes the cognitive demands of translation. Technological development has inevitably influenced the translation research agenda as well. It has provided new means of penetrating deeper into the cognitive processes that make translation possible and has endorsed new concepts and theories to understand the translation process. Computational analysis of eye movements and keystroke behaviour provides us with new insights into translational reading, processes of literality, effects of directionality, similarities between inter- and intralingual translation, as well as the effects of post-editing on cognitive processes and on the quality of the final outcome. All of these themes are explored in-depth in the articles in this volume which presents new and valuable insights to anyone interested in what is currently happening in empirical, process-oriented translation research.

Translation Quality Assessment

Author : Joss Moorkens
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319912410
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Translation Quality Assessment by : Joss Moorkens

Download or read book Translation Quality Assessment written by Joss Moorkens and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-13 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first volume that brings together research and practice from academic and industry settings and a combination of human and machine translation evaluation. Its comprehensive collection of papers by leading experts in human and machine translation quality and evaluation who situate current developments and chart future trends fills a clear gap in the literature. This is critical to the successful integration of translation technologies in the industry today, where the lines between human and machine are becoming increasingly blurred by technology: this affects the whole translation landscape, from students and trainers to project managers and professionals, including in-house and freelance translators, as well as, of course, translation scholars and researchers. The editors have broad experience in translation quality evaluation research, including investigations into professional practice with qualitative and quantitative studies, and the contributors are leading experts in their respective fields, providing a unique set of complementary perspectives on human and machine translation quality and evaluation, combining theoretical and applied approaches.

Translation, interpreting, cognition

Author : Tra&Co Group
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961103046
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Translation, interpreting, cognition by : Tra&Co Group

Download or read book Translation, interpreting, cognition written by Tra&Co Group and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive aspects of the translation process have become central in Translation and Interpreting Studies in recent years, further establishing the field of Cognitive Translatology. Empirical and interdisciplinary studies investigating translation and interpreting processes promise a hitherto unprecedented predictive and explanatory power. This collection contains such studies which observe behaviour during translation and interpreting. The contributions cover a vast area and investigate behaviour during translation and interpreting – with a focus on training of future professionals, on language processing more generally, on the role of technology in the practice of translation and interpreting, on translation of multimodal media texts, on aspects of ergonomics and usability, on emotions, self-concept and psychological factors, and finally also on revision and post-editing. For the present publication, we selected a number of contributions presented at the Second International Congress on Translation, Interpreting and Cognition hosted by the Tra&Co Lab at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz.

Problem Solving Activities in Post-editing and Translation From Scratch

Author : Jean Nitzke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781013292873
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Problem Solving Activities in Post-editing and Translation From Scratch by : Jean Nitzke

Download or read book Problem Solving Activities in Post-editing and Translation From Scratch written by Jean Nitzke and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translation and post-editing can often be categorised as problem-solving activities. When the translation of a source text unit is not immediately obvious to the translator, or in other words, if there is a hurdle between the source item and the target item, the translation process can be considered problematic. Conversely, if there is no hurdle between the source and target texts, the translation process can be considered a task-solving activity and not a problem-solving activity. This study investigates whether machine translated output influences problem-solving effort in internet research, syntax, and other problem indicators and whether the effort can be linked to expertise. A total of 24 translators (twelve professionals and twelve semi-professionals) produced translations from scratch from English into German, and (monolingually) post-edited machine translation output for this study. The study is part of the CRITT TPR-DB database. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

Quality Estimation for Machine Translation

Author : Lucia Specia
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031021681
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Quality Estimation for Machine Translation by : Lucia Specia

Download or read book Quality Estimation for Machine Translation written by Lucia Specia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many applications within natural language processing involve performing text-to-text transformations, i.e., given a text in natural language as input, systems are required to produce a version of this text (e.g., a translation), also in natural language, as output. Automatically evaluating the output of such systems is an important component in developing text-to-text applications. Two approaches have been proposed for this problem: (i) to compare the system outputs against one or more reference outputs using string matching-based evaluation metrics and (ii) to build models based on human feedback to predict the quality of system outputs without reference texts. Despite their popularity, reference-based evaluation metrics are faced with the challenge that multiple good (and bad) quality outputs can be produced by text-to-text approaches for the same input. This variation is very hard to capture, even with multiple reference texts. In addition, reference-based metrics cannot be used in production (e.g., online machine translation systems), when systems are expected to produce outputs for any unseen input. In this book, we focus on the second set of metrics, so-called Quality Estimation (QE) metrics, where the goal is to provide an estimate on how good or reliable the texts produced by an application are without access to gold-standard outputs. QE enables different types of evaluation that can target different types of users and applications. Machine learning techniques are used to build QE models with various types of quality labels and explicit features or learnt representations, which can then predict the quality of unseen system outputs. This book describes the topic of QE for text-to-text applications, covering quality labels, features, algorithms, evaluation, uses, and state-of-the-art approaches. It focuses on machine translation as application, since this represents most of the QE work done to date. It also briefly describes QE for several other applications, including text simplification, text summarization, grammatical error correction, and natural language generation.

Translation Revision and Post-editing

Author : Maarit Koponen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000201511
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Translation Revision and Post-editing by : Maarit Koponen

Download or read book Translation Revision and Post-editing written by Maarit Koponen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-26 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translation Revision and Post-editing looks at the apparently dissolving boundary between correcting translations generated by human brains and those generated by machines. It presents new research on post-editing and revision in government and corporate translation departments, translation agencies, the literary publishing sector and the volunteer sector, as well as on training in both types of translation checking work. This collection includes empirical studies based on surveys, interviews and keystroke logging, as well as more theoretical contributions questioning such traditional distinctions as translating versus editing. The chapters discuss revision and post-editing involving eight languages: Afrikaans, Catalan, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German and Spanish. Among the topics covered are translator/reviser relations and revising/post-editing by non-professionals. The book is key reading for researchers, instructors and advanced students in Translation Studies as well as for professional translators with a special interest in checking translations.

Post-editing of machine translation for project managers

Author : Luigi Muzii
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781365595844
Total Pages : 57 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (958 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-editing of machine translation for project managers by : Luigi Muzii

Download or read book Post-editing of machine translation for project managers written by Luigi Muzii and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Handbook of Translation and Cognition

Author : John W. Schwieter
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119241456
Total Pages : 615 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis The Handbook of Translation and Cognition by : John W. Schwieter

Download or read book The Handbook of Translation and Cognition written by John W. Schwieter and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-09 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Translation and Cognition is a pioneering, state-of-the-art investigation of cognitive approaches to translation and interpreting studies (TIS). Offers timely and cutting-edge coverage of the most important theoretical frameworks and methodological innovations Contains original contributions from a global group of leading researchers from 18 countries Explores topics related to translator and workplace characteristics including machine translation, creativity, ergonomic perspectives, and cognitive effort, and competence, training, and interpreting such as multimodal processing, neurocognitive optimization, process-oriented pedagogies, and conceptual change Maps out future directions for cognition and translation studies, as well as areas in need of more research within this dynamic field