Post Earthquake Evaluation And Emergency Repair Of Damaged Rc Bridge Columns Using Cfrp Materials

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Post-earthquake Evaluation and Emergency Repair of Damaged RC Bridge Columns Using CFRP Materials

Author : Ashkan Vosooghi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781124404332
Total Pages : 742 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-earthquake Evaluation and Emergency Repair of Damaged RC Bridge Columns Using CFRP Materials by : Ashkan Vosooghi

Download or read book Post-earthquake Evaluation and Emergency Repair of Damaged RC Bridge Columns Using CFRP Materials written by Ashkan Vosooghi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of the study was to develop a rapid and effective repair method using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials for earthquake-damaged reinforced concrete bridge columns. This study consisted of three main phases. In the first phase, a data base of 33 test columns was developed and analyzed and five distinct apparent seismic damage states were defined. The damage states were correlated to measured seismic response parameters in terms of drift, frequency, strains, and yield and ultimate displacements. Fragility curves were developed and applied for two case studies in performance-based design (PBD) and performance-based assessment (PBA) of bridge columns. Comprehensive experimental and analytical studies were conducted in the second phase of the study. Two standard single columns, one standard two-column bent, and two substandard columns were tested on a shake table, repaired using CFRP fabrics, and retested on the shake table to evaluate the proposed repair procedure. The measured data were extensively analyzed to investigate the performance of the repaired columns compared to the original column responses. It was concluded that the strength and ductility of the standard columns were successfully restored and those of sub-standard columns were upgraded to the current seismic standards after the repair. However, the stiffness was not restored due to material degradation during the original column tests. Even though the repair process was done rapidly and was treated as "emergency" repair with implication that it was a temporary measure, it can be treated as a permanent repair as long as the stiffness of repaired columns is sufficient for non-seismic loading. In the analytical studies, extensive static and dynamic nonlinear analyses were performed on the column models and a simple analytical method was developed for the repaired columns to account for stiffness degradation. Based on the results from the experimental and analytical studies, repair design recommendations were developed in the third phase to aid bridge engineers in quickly designing the number of layers of CFRP layers based on the apparent damage and basic information about the column fixity, size, and reinforcement.

Development of a Rapid Design Procedure for Emergency Repair of Bridge Columns Using Fiber-reinforced Polymers

Author : Susan E. Slater
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of a Rapid Design Procedure for Emergency Repair of Bridge Columns Using Fiber-reinforced Polymers by : Susan E. Slater

Download or read book Development of a Rapid Design Procedure for Emergency Repair of Bridge Columns Using Fiber-reinforced Polymers written by Susan E. Slater and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) are increasingly used for seismic retrofit of undamaged bridge columns. The addition of a confining jacket increases overall strength and ductility of the column. However, FRPs can also be used for repair of a damaged bridge column after a seismic event. This research project explores the application of FRPs for retrofit of damaged circular columns. A decision tree for the emergency repair of damaged columns is presented. The decision tree aids field engineers first in assessing the extent of damage to a column from a seismic event, impact or any other source of damage. Once the level of damage is specified, the decision tree can be used to determine the feasibility of FRP retrofitting. If an FRP jacket is a viable option, suggested simplified design guidelines can be used to determine the design thickness and type of required FRP jacket that should be used for the emergency repair of the column. The project included detailed evaluation of existing confining models and a proposition of a new model based on a large database of previously tested specimen columns. Several design equations were also evaluated in order to find the most accurate yet simple approach for the design thickness. The end result is a step-by-step simplified guide for engineers to use in the field for emergency repair of damaged circular bridge columns.

Shaking Table Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Repaired Using Fiber Reinforced Polymer Jackets

Author : Pardeep Kumar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (919 download)

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Book Synopsis Shaking Table Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Repaired Using Fiber Reinforced Polymer Jackets by : Pardeep Kumar

Download or read book Shaking Table Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Repaired Using Fiber Reinforced Polymer Jackets written by Pardeep Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After an earthquake event it is the responsibility of the engineers to decide if the bridge structure is safe for the traffic flow, requires repair or needs to be replaced completely depending on the damage level. Effective, economical and timely repair of Reinforced Concrete (RC) bridges after a seismic event is crucial to avoid traffic congestion and lengthy detours. Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite laminates are one of few options with several advantages. Use of FRP jackets in structural engineering is gaining interest in applications such as strengthening weak structural elements, improving the existing structure capacity to resist increased loads due to change in use of structure and retrofitting structural elements for seismic upgrades. The study presents shaking table experimental investigation to evaluate the use of FRP for repairing RC bridge columns with circular cross-sections. Two 1/4-scale RC columns were tested in as-built configuration. Both tests had identical geometry and reinforcement details except for the spacing of the transverse reinforcing bars. One column had closely spaced hoops satisfying code requirements and the other had larger spacing, representing a shear-critical column. The test specimens were subjected to a series of horizontal and vertical excitations on a shaking table and experienced moderate to high damage. The damaged columns were subsequently repaired with unidirectional FRP composite laminates and subjected to the same set of earthquake excitations. The obtained experimental data showed that the repaired columns achieved higher strength and ductility with lower residual displacements compared to the as-built ones contributing to the resiliency of the bridge system. A three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element (FE) model was developed and calibrated using the experimental test results. A bilinear confined concrete model was adopted to model the constitutive relationship of the FRP confined concrete without explicitly modeling the FRP composite jacket. Due to variability of the material properties, several calibration parameters were studied to develop a reliable FE model. The results of the dynamic FE analysis showed great potential for 3D modeling of the repaired test specimens. From this study, it is concluded that the used FRP composite laminates represent a viable solution for the effective and rapid repair of damaged RC bridge columns. A parametric study was conducted to evaluate the horizontal force, deformation, and confining strain response of the retrofitted RC bridge columns using the computational model. The response of the FE models with different number of FRP plies in the jacket was investigated. The analytical results suggested that increasing the number of FRP plies in the jacket significantly changed the confining strains response of the confined cross-section but the global force-deformation was not significantly affected.

Repair of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Via Plastic Hinge Relocation

Author : Emrah Tasdemir
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Repair of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Via Plastic Hinge Relocation by : Emrah Tasdemir

Download or read book Repair of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Via Plastic Hinge Relocation written by Emrah Tasdemir and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this report is to present a repair procedure for seismically damage reinforced concrete bridge columns via plastic hinge relocation. To repair the damaged columns, CF anchors were utilized. Thus, the behavior of CF anchors was studied through various testing method and design procedures were developed. In addition, the reliability of proposed design procedure was shown with large scale testing.

Use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Including Sheets, Rods, and Ropes in Strengthening and Repairing Long Reinforced Concrete Columns

Download Use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Including Sheets, Rods, and Ropes in Strengthening and Repairing Long Reinforced Concrete Columns PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis Use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Including Sheets, Rods, and Ropes in Strengthening and Repairing Long Reinforced Concrete Columns by :

Download or read book Use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Including Sheets, Rods, and Ropes in Strengthening and Repairing Long Reinforced Concrete Columns written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of FRP materials in strengthening and repairing of reinforced concrete (RC) structures has increased in the past two decades. Recently, FRP materials have become one of the most used materials in rehabilitation engineering. For seismic retrofitting of RC structures, usually the process involves strengthening or repairing the vertical support elements of the buildings or bridges. Although glass FRP (GFRP) and basalt FRP (BFRP) rods have been used in flexural strengthening of RC columns, NSM-CFRP rods have not been used yet. In addition, studies in the use of CFRP ropes in flexural strengthening or repairing of RC columns are not available. To address these gaps, an experimental investigation was conducted on the use of CFRP materials in strengthening and repairing RC columns. The investigation consisted of three main parts. The three parts focused on strengthening and repairing slender RC columns using CFRP materials. The first part of the investigation focused on the use of CFRP sheets, rods, and ropes in flexural strengthening of RC columns. The results showed that both EB and NSM techniques can effectively be used in strengthening slender RC columns. In addition, CFRP ropes are very effective in strengthening RC columns. Finally, a theoretical model was created to predict the load-displacement response of RC columns strengthened with EB-CFRP sheets and NSM-CFRP rods and ropes. The theoretical results showed good agreement with the experimental results. The second part of the investigation focused on the use of CFRP sheets and ropes in repairing damaged RC columns. Recently, RC columns have been upgraded and strengthened with FRP confinement all around the globe. Future cases of repair will likely encounter RC columns that were strengthened previously with FRP confinement. However, studies on repairing damaged columns that were enhanced by confinement before damage are not currently available. Moreover, there is a vital need for an emergency repair technique that can be used to rapidly repair damaged columns of essential structures after a seismic event. In this study, the time required to complete the repair was a key factor to propose a rapid CFRP-based repair technique. Test results showed that the proposed repair technique was effective not only by restoring the original strength, but also by improving the strength significantly. Moreover, the measured and idealized load-displacement response showed that the ductility of the repaired column was reasonably sufficient. The proposed technique appears promising and may be considered as a permanent repair technique. The third part of the investigation focused on the tensile strength of CFRP ropes anchored to concrete using chemical epoxy. One of the major problems with using fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) in strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) structures is premature debonding of FRP. Anchoring FRP materials to concrete has become associated with most of the strengthening techniques. In the present study, FRP anchors were made from carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) ropes and had long embedment to be used for flexural strengthening of RC columns. Test results showed that the pullout strength of CFRP anchors increased with the increase in embedment length, and no significant effect of the hole diameter on the pullout strength was observed. However, the bond strength increased with decreasing embedment length and hole diameter. For shorter embedment lengths, the distribution of the bond stress along the length of the anchor is expected to be more uniform than that of anchors with longer embedment lengths. The average bond stress (strength) is calculated by dividing the maximum pullout force by the embedment length. Therefore, increasing the embedment length without significant improvement in the pullout load results in lower bond strength. The observed pullout results and failure modes were compared to the predictions using available models. Finally, a modified model was proposed to predict the pullout strength of CFRP rope anchors.

Post-earthquake Bridge Damage Mitigation

Author : Amarjeet Saini
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-earthquake Bridge Damage Mitigation by : Amarjeet Saini

Download or read book Post-earthquake Bridge Damage Mitigation written by Amarjeet Saini and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Life-cycle of Structural Systems

Author : Hitoshi Furuta
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351204572
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis Life-cycle of Structural Systems by : Hitoshi Furuta

Download or read book Life-cycle of Structural Systems written by Hitoshi Furuta and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to promote the study, research and applications in the design, assessment, prediction, and optimal management of life-cycle performance, safety, reliability, and risk of civil structures and infrastructure systems. The contribution in each chapter presents state-of-the-art as well as emerging applications related to key aspects of the life-cycle civil engineering field. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Structure and Infrastructure Engineering.

Post-earthquake Damage Repair and Probabilistic Damage Control Approach for Reinforced Concrete Bridges

Author : Amarjeet Saini
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 804 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-earthquake Damage Repair and Probabilistic Damage Control Approach for Reinforced Concrete Bridges by : Amarjeet Saini

Download or read book Post-earthquake Damage Repair and Probabilistic Damage Control Approach for Reinforced Concrete Bridges written by Amarjeet Saini and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objectives of the study were to develop post-earthquake repair methods using carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) and probabilistic damage control approach (PDCA) for reinforced concrete (RC) bridges. To develop repair methods, first repair objectives were defined. To define repair objectives, internal earthquake damage was quantified and correlated to a series of visible damage states (DSs). Bridge columns are designed to be the primary source of energy dissipation through nonlinear action under seismic loading and experience a wide range of apparent damage. Therefore, in the present study, DSs for bridge columns were used as a guide to define damage states for other bridge components. The degree of damage in columns depends on the earthquake level (seismic demand). Due to uncertainties in seismic demand and response, damage to bridge columns is probabilistic in nature. In the present study, in addition to bridge repair, a probabilistic damage control approach PDCA was developed for new and repaired bridge columns by incorporating the extent of lateral displacement nonlinearity defined by "Damage Index" (DI) and reliability analysis. The performance objective was defined based on predefined apparent DSs and the DSs were correlated to damage indices based on a previous study at the University of Nevada, Reno. The correlation between DI and DS was determined from a statistical analysis (resistance model) of over 140 response data measured from testing of 22 bridge column models subjected to seismic loads. To accomplish the objectives of this study, the present study was divided into seven parts. The first part was to conduct a detailed review of damage and repair methods in past earthquakes to identify gaps in repair methods. The second part was to develop practical methods to access the condition of an earthquake damaged bridge structural components in terms of apparent DS's. In the third part, repair design recommendations and design examples were developed to aid bridge engineers in quickly designing the number of CFRP layers based on the apparent DS. The fourth part was to establish a resistance model for the reliability analysis to develop a probabilistic based seismic design of bridge columns. In the fifth part, a load model was developed by conducting a large number of non-linear dynamic analyses on bridge bents. The uncertainties in ground motions, site class, bent configuration, earthquake return period were included in the analyses. In the sixth part of the study, the results of the reliability analyses were investigated, and a direct probabilistic design procedure was developed to calibrate design DI based on target reliability against failure. Finally, the PDCA methodology that was developed for conventional columns was used to extend the PDCA and reliability analysis approach to earthquake-damaged columns that have been repaired. Through this study, a new simple non-iterative method was developed for design of CFRP fabrics used in repair of concrete members. The step-by-step repair methods for bridge components that were developed as part of this study address a gap in rational and systematic repair tools that are needed subsequent to moderate and strong earthquakes. The PDCA that was developed and investigated provides design tools enabling designers and researchers to detail bridge columns for a target expected damage with an associated probability of occurrence and a reliability index.

Review of Current NDE Technologies for Post-earthquake Assessment of Retrofitted Bridge Columns

Author : Jianwei Song
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Review of Current NDE Technologies for Post-earthquake Assessment of Retrofitted Bridge Columns by : Jianwei Song

Download or read book Review of Current NDE Technologies for Post-earthquake Assessment of Retrofitted Bridge Columns written by Jianwei Song and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Next Generation of Bridge Columns for Accelerated Bridge Construction in High Seismic Zones

Author : Mostafa Tazarv
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Next Generation of Bridge Columns for Accelerated Bridge Construction in High Seismic Zones by : Mostafa Tazarv

Download or read book Next Generation of Bridge Columns for Accelerated Bridge Construction in High Seismic Zones written by Mostafa Tazarv and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Longitudinal bar debonding allowed spread of yielding and prevented premature failure of reinforcements in UHPC-filled duct connections and grouted coupler column pedestal. The SMA-reinforced ECC column showed superior seismic performance compared to a conventional column in which the plastic hinge damage was limited to only ECC cover spalling even under 12% drift ratio cycles. The column residual displacements were 79% lower than CIP residual displacements on average due to the superelastic NiTi SMA longitudinal reinforcement, and higher base shear capacity and higher displacement capacity were observed. The analytical modeling methods were simple and sufficiently accurate for general design and analyses of precast components proposed in the present study. The proposed symmetrical material model for reinforcing NiTi superelastic SMA was found to be a viable alternative to the more complex asymmetrical model.

Visual Inspection & Capacity Assessment of Earthquake Damaged Reinforced Concrete Bridge Elements

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Visual Inspection & Capacity Assessment of Earthquake Damaged Reinforced Concrete Bridge Elements by :

Download or read book Visual Inspection & Capacity Assessment of Earthquake Damaged Reinforced Concrete Bridge Elements written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Highway Bridge under Collision and Explosion

Author : Hao Wu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819757142
Total Pages : 744 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Highway Bridge under Collision and Explosion by : Hao Wu

Download or read book Highway Bridge under Collision and Explosion written by Hao Wu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Shear Strength and Deformability of RC Bridge Columns Subjected to Inelastic Cyclic Displacements

Author : Mark Aschheim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Shear Strength and Deformability of RC Bridge Columns Subjected to Inelastic Cyclic Displacements by : Mark Aschheim

Download or read book Shear Strength and Deformability of RC Bridge Columns Subjected to Inelastic Cyclic Displacements written by Mark Aschheim and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Repair of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Via Plastic Hinge Relocation

Author : Zachary Frank Krish
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Repair of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Via Plastic Hinge Relocation by : Zachary Frank Krish

Download or read book Repair of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Via Plastic Hinge Relocation written by Zachary Frank Krish and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presented in this report is research aimed at challenging the assumption that severely damaged reinforced concrete bridge columns are not easily repaired. An experimental program was conducted in which six large scale bridge columns exhibiting buckled and fractured reinforcement were repaired using plastic hinge relocation and conventional materials. Discussion of several repair methods is presented along with the introduction of a simplified analytical approach by which the repair can be designed, and repaired member performance obtained. In addition, a rational approach to assessing the limits of residual drift in a damaged system is presented, considering the availability of such a repair.

Earthquake Resilient Bridge Columns Utilizing Damage Resistant Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete

Author : William Dean Trono
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Earthquake Resilient Bridge Columns Utilizing Damage Resistant Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete by : William Dean Trono

Download or read book Earthquake Resilient Bridge Columns Utilizing Damage Resistant Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete written by William Dean Trono and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern reinforced concrete bridges are designed to avoid collapse and to prevent loss of life during earthquakes. To meet these objectives, bridge columns are typically detailed to form ductile plastic hinges when large displacements occur. California seismic design criteria acknowledges that damage such as concrete cover spalling and reinforcing bar yielding may occur in columns during a design-level earthquake. The seismic resilience of bridge columns can be improved through the use of a damage resistant hybrid fiber reinforced concrete (HyFRC). Fibers delay crack propagation and prevent spalling under extreme loading conditions, and the material resists many typical concrete deterioration mechanisms through multi-scale crack control. Little is known about the response of the material when combined with conventional reinforcing bars. Therefore, experimental testing was conducted to evaluate such behaviors. One area of focus was the compression response of HyFRC when confined by steel spirals. A second focus was the tensile response of rebar embedded in HyFRC. Bridge columns built with HyFRC would be expected to experience both of these loading conditions during earthquakes. The third focus of this dissertation was the design, modeling, and testing of an innovative damage resistant HyFRC bridge column. The column was designed to rock about its foundation during earthquakes and to return to its original position thereafter. In addition to HyFRC, it was designed with unbonded post-tensioning, unbonded rebar, and headed rebar which terminated at the rocking plane. Because of these novel details, the column was not expected to incur damage or residual displacements under earthquake demands exceeding the design level for ordinary California bridges. A sequence of scaled, three dimensional ground motion records was applied to the damage resistant column on a shaking table. An equal scale reinforced concrete reference column with conventional design details was subjected to the same motions for direct comparison. Compression tests showed that the ductility of HyFRC is superior to concrete in the post-peak softening branch of the response. HyFRC achieved a stable softening response and had significant residual load capacity even without spiral confinement. Concrete required the highest tested levels of confinement to achieved comparable post-peak ductility. Tension tests showed that HyFRC provides a substantial strength enhancement to rebar well beyond their yield point. Interesting crack localization behavior was observed in HyFRC specimens and appeared to be dependent on the volumetric ratio of rebar. The damage resistant HyFRC bridge column attained its design objectives during experimental testing. It exhibited pronounced reentering behavior with only light damage under earthquake demands 1.5 to 2.0 times the design level. It accumulated only 0.4% residual drift ratio after seven successive ground motions which caused a peak drift ratio of 8.0%. The conventional reinforced concrete column experienced flexural plastic hinging with extensive spalling during the same seven motions. It accumulated 6.8% residual drift ratio after enduring a peak drift ratio of 10.8%.

Failure, Distress and Repair of Concrete Structures

Author : Norb Delatte
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1845697030
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Failure, Distress and Repair of Concrete Structures by : Norb Delatte

Download or read book Failure, Distress and Repair of Concrete Structures written by Norb Delatte and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-10-26 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding and recognising failure mechanisms in concrete is a fundamental pre-requisite to determining the type of repair, or whether a repair is feasible. This title provides a review of concrete deterioration and damage, as well as looking at the problem of defects in concrete. It also discusses condition assessment and repair techniques. Part one discusses failure mechanisms in concrete and covers topics such as causes and mechanisms of deterioration in reinforced concrete, types of damage in concrete structures, types and causes of cracking and condition assessment of concrete structures. Part two reviews the repair of concrete structures with coverage of themes such as standards and guidelines for repairing concrete structures, methods of crack repair, repair materials, bonded concrete overlays, repairing and retrofitting concrete structures with fiber-reinforced polymers, patching deteriorated concrete structures and durability of repaired concrete. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Failure and repair of concrete structures is a standard reference for civil engineers, architects and anyone working in the construction sector, as well as those concerned with ensuring the safety of concrete structures. Provides a review of concrete deterioration and damage Discusses condition assessment and repair techniques, standards and guidelines

Use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheets as Transverse Reinforcement in Bridge Columns

Author : Gamal Elnabelsya
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (857 download)

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Book Synopsis Use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheets as Transverse Reinforcement in Bridge Columns by : Gamal Elnabelsya

Download or read book Use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheets as Transverse Reinforcement in Bridge Columns written by Gamal Elnabelsya and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance of bridges during previous earthquakes has demonstrated that many structural failures could be attributed to seismic deficiencies in bridge columns. Lack of transverse reinforcement and inadequate splicing of longitudinal reinforcement in potential plastic hinge regions of columns constitute primary reasons for their poor performance. A number of column retrofit techniques have been developed and tested in the past. These techniques include steel jacketing, reinforced concrete jacketing and use of transverse prestressing (RetroBelt) for concrete confinement, shear strengthening and splice clamping. A new retrofit technique, involving fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) jacketing has emerged as a convenient and structurally sound alternative with improved durability. The new technique, although received acceptance in the construction industry, needs to be fully developed as a viable seismic retrofit methodology, supported by reliable design and construction procedures. The successful application of externally applied FRP jackets to existing columns, coupled with deteriorating bridge infrastructure, raised the possibility of using FRP reinforcement for new construction. Stay-in-place formwork, in the form of FRP tubes are being researched for its feasibility. The FRP stay-in-place tubes offer ease in construction, convenient formwork, and when left in place, the protection of concrete against environmental effects, including the protection of steel reinforcement against corrosion, while also serving as column transverse reinforcement. Combined experimental and analytical research was conducted in the current project to i) improve the performance of FRP column jacketing for existing bridge columns, and ii) to develop FRP stay-in-place formwork for new bridge columns. The experimental phase consisted of design, construction and testing of 7 full-scale reinforced concrete bridge columns under simulated seismic loading. The columns represented both existing seismically deficient bridge columns, and new columns in stay-in-place formwork. The existing columns were deficient in either shear, or flexure, where the flexural deficiencies stemmed from lack of concrete confinement and/or use of inadequately spliced longitudinal reinforcement. The test parameters included cross-sectional shape (circular or square), reinforcement splicing, column shear span for flexure and shear-dominant behaviour, FRP jacket thickness, as well as use of FRP tubes as stay-in-place formwork, with or without internally embedded FRP crossties. The columns were subjected to a constant axial compression and incrementally increasing inelastic deformation reversals. The results, presented and discussed in this thesis, indicate that the FRP retrofit methodology provides significant confinement to circular and square columns, improving column ductility substantially. The FRP jack also improved diagonal tension capacity of columns, changing brittle shear-dominant column behavior to ductile flexure dominant response. The jackets, when the transverse strains are controlled, are able to improve performance of inadequately spliced circular columns, while remain somewhat ineffective in improving the performance of spliced square columns. FRP stay-in-place formwork provides excellent ductility to circular and square columns in new concrete columns, offering tremendous potential for use in practice. The analytical phase of the project demonstrates that the current analytical techniques for column analysis can be used for columns with external FRP reinforcement, provided that appropriate material models are used for confined concrete, FRP composites and reinforcement steel. Plastic analysis for flexure, starting with sectional moment-curvature analysis and continuing into member analysis incorporating the formation of plastic hinging, provide excellent predictions of inelastic force-deformation envelopes of recorded hysteretic behaviour. A displacement based design procedure adapted to FRP jacketed columns, as well as columns in FRP stay-in-place formwork provide a reliable design procedure for both retrofitting existing columns and designing new FRP reinforced concrete columns.