Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309175100
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence by : National Research Council

Download or read book Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-04-02 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deterrence as a strategic concept evolved during the Cold War. During that period, deterrence strategy was aimed mainly at preventing aggression against the United States and its close allies by the hostile Communist power centersâ€"the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and its allies, Communist China and North Korea. In particular, the strategy was devised to prevent aggression involving nuclear attack by the USSR or China. Since the end of the Cold War, the risk of war among the major powers has subsided to the lowest point in modern history. Still, the changing nature of the threats to American and allied security interests has stimulated a considerable broadening of the deterrence concept. Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence examines the meaning of deterrence in this new environment and identifies key elements of a post-Cold War deterrence strategy and the critical issues in devising such a strategy. It further examines the significance of these findings for the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps. Quantitative and qualitative measures to support judgments about the potential success or failure of deterrence are identified. Such measures will bear on the suitability of the naval forces to meet the deterrence objectives. The capabilities of U.S. naval forces that especially bear on the deterrence objectives also are examined. Finally, the book examines the utility of models, games, and simulations as decision aids in improving the naval forces' understanding of situations in which deterrence must be used and in improving the potential success of deterrence actions.

Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence

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Publisher : Theclassics.Us
ISBN 13 : 9781230444802
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (448 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence by : Naval Studies Board

Download or read book Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence written by Naval Studies Board and published by Theclassics.Us. This book was released on 2013-09 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1997-03 edition. Excerpt: ...The historical evidence is clear that conventional weapons, including the potential availability of chemical or biological weapons, have not deterred all-out world wars; conversely, nuclear weapons also have not deterred the hundred or so localized nonnuclear conflicts which have taken a larger toll during the nuclear age than that inflicted by the nuclear weapons on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Whether the ascendance of nuclear weapons has deterred, and thereby prevented, all-out large-scale war between the end of World War II and today will remain a subject of debate with happily no physical evidence to support either side. There is, however, no question that what has been called "existential deterrence" by nuclear weapons has been a major military factor since World War II. Although the Cold War consumed enormous resources and threatened a major holocaust, the superpowers actually conducted foreign policy and military operations with a great deal of caution. Direct contact between U.S. and Soviet forces was largely avoided, with essentially all actual military hostilities restricted to client states of the two powers. There were indeed tense moments, such as the Cuban missile crisis and the bombardment of Russian ships at Haiphong during the Vietnam War, but these crises were in effect settled by the preponderance of conventional power, with nuclear threat only as backdrop. The nuclear deterrent concepts during the Cold War evolved from "massive retaliation," which threatened the Soviet Union with nuclear reprisals in case of unacceptable conduct, be it nuclear or nonnuclear, to the doctrine designated as "flexible response" and then "extended deterrence." In essence flexible response provided that the United States would use nuclear...

When the Stakes Are High

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Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 0472026828
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis When the Stakes Are High by : Vesna Danilovic

Download or read book When the Stakes Are High written by Vesna Danilovic and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2010-06-04 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the Stakes Are High is based on the premise that powers have continually played a decisive role in international conflicts. Consequently, one of the key questions concerns the conditions that are likely to trigger or abate dispute escalation into major power conflicts. In this book, Vesna Danilovic provides a rigorous theoretical and empirical analysis of these conditions. Since the most precarious and common form of dispute between major powers arises over third nations, the author's primary focus is on so-called extended deterrence. In this type of deterrence, one side attempts to prevent another side from initiating or escalating conflict with a third nation. When the Stakes Are High addresses such questions as: When is extended deterrence likely to be effective? What happens if deterrence fails? In what circumstances is war likely to result from a deterrence failure? The author's main argument is that a major power's national interests, which shape the inherent credibility of threats and which are shaped by various regional stakes, set the limits to the relevance of other factors, which have received greater scholarly attention in the past. Strongly supported by the empirical findings, the arguments in this work draw important implications for conflict theory and deterrence policy in the post-Cold War era. This book will appeal to the reader interested in international relations, in general, and in theories of international conflict, deterrence, causes of wars, great power behavior, and geopolitics, in particular. Vesna Danilovic is Assistant Professor of Political Science, Texas A&M University.

After The Cold War

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429722478
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)

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Book Synopsis After The Cold War by : Charles Kegley

Download or read book After The Cold War written by Charles Kegley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-28 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a text on the traditional questions of nuclear deterrence and the unconventional answers suggested by the emerging new world order. These widely-ranging essays by scholars, policymakers and moral philosophers present rival ideas about the morality of alternative means for preserving mutual security as the world moves beyond the Cold War.

Arms and Influence

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Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300253486
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Arms and Influence by : Thomas C. Schelling

Download or read book Arms and Influence written by Thomas C. Schelling and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “This is a brilliant and hardheaded book. It will frighten those who prefer not to dwell on the unthinkable and infuriate those who have taken refuge in stereotypes and moral attitudinizing.”—Gordon A. Craig, New York Times Book Review Originally published more than fifty years ago, this landmark book explores the ways in which military capabilities—real or imagined—are used, skillfully or clumsily, as bargaining power. Anne-Marie Slaughter’s new introduction to the work shows how Schelling’s framework—conceived of in a time of superpowers and mutually assured destruction—still applies to our multipolar world, where wars are fought as much online as on the ground.

Nuclear deterrence between the two superpowers during the Cold War cannot be considered a conflict because of the abstract nature of nuclear strategy. Discuss.

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Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638231984
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (382 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear deterrence between the two superpowers during the Cold War cannot be considered a conflict because of the abstract nature of nuclear strategy. Discuss. by : Patrick Wagner

Download or read book Nuclear deterrence between the two superpowers during the Cold War cannot be considered a conflict because of the abstract nature of nuclear strategy. Discuss. written by Patrick Wagner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2003-11-20 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2003 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict Studies, Security, grade: 1+ (A), University of Kent (Department of Politics and International Relations), 9 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: When the USA dropped two nuclear bombs on the Japanese cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima in August 1945, the world witnessed the first and so far the last use of these weapons. Their devastating effect led to a worldwide fear of atomic bombs, but could not, however, prevent a number of states from developing these fatal devices. In fact, the two superpowers engaged in the subsequent arms race during the Cold War, which, in the end, left both with a nuclear arsenal big enough to destroy the entire world several times over. Although these weapons exist in huge amounts, they have never been used for military purposes since. This distinction is important to make, because the superpowers did make use of their nuclear arsenal on a political level, namely with the strategy of nuclear deterrence. Based on the US assurance that a Soviet attack on the USA or its allies would be answered with massive retaliation, this strategy has prevented a nuclear war. By looking at the concept of nuclear deterrence in more detail this essay will argue that nuclear deterrence must be seen as a conflict, even though arguments can be found underlining the view that it is not. It is certainly true that the abstract nature of nuclear strategy makes an explanation in the traditional Clausewitzian sense of conflict impossible. However, recognising the fact that the arrival of the nuclear bomb has changed the purpose of military strategy fundamentally, namely from the purpose of winning wars to the purpose of preventing wars , inevitably leads to a new concept of conflict. Nuclear strategy has introduced a shift of strategic thinking away from the military towards politics. This does of course mean that ‘conflict’ now has to be defined in political terms. ‘Conflict’ can no longer only be seen as the confrontation of armies in the battlefield but must include the threat of use of force, as the political dimension of conflict, as well.

Tailored Deterrence

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780974740386
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Tailored Deterrence by : Barry R. Schneider

Download or read book Tailored Deterrence written by Barry R. Schneider and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Military Strategy: A Very Short Introduction

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197760155
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (977 download)

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Book Synopsis Military Strategy: A Very Short Introduction by : Antulio J. Echevarria II

Download or read book Military Strategy: A Very Short Introduction written by Antulio J. Echevarria II and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Military Strategy: A Very Short Introduction adapts Clausewitz's framework to highlight the dynamic relationship between the main elements of strategy: purpose, method, and means. Drawing on historical examples, Antulio J. Echevarria discusses the major types of military strategy and how emerging technologies are affecting them. This second edition has been updated to include an expanded chapter on manipulation through cyberwarfare and new further reading.

Deterrence—From Cold War to Long War

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Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833046330
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Deterrence—From Cold War to Long War by : Austin Long

Download or read book Deterrence—From Cold War to Long War written by Austin Long and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2008-10-27 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its inception six decades ago, the RAND Corporation has been one of the key institutional homes for the study of deterrence. This book examines much of this research for lessons relevant to the current and future strategic environment. It is therefore part intellectual history and part policy recommendation, intended to encourage debate and discussion on how deterrence can best be incorporated into U.S. strategy.

Understanding Deterrence

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317980301
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Deterrence by : Keith B. Payne

Download or read book Understanding Deterrence written by Keith B. Payne and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, the rational actor model served as the preferred guide for U.S. deterrence policy. It has been a convenient and comforting guide because it requires little detailed knowledge of an opponent’s unique decision-making process and yet typically provides confident generalizations about how deterrence works. The model tends to postulate common decision-making parameters across the globe to reach generalizations about how deterrence will function and the types of forces that will be "stabilizing" or "destabilizing." Yet a broad spectrum of unique factors can influence an opponent’s perceptions and his calculations, and these are not easily captured by the rational actor model. The absence of uniformity means there can be very few deterrence generalizations generated by the use of the rational actor model that are applicable to the entire range of opponents. Understanding Deterrence considers how factors such as psychology, history, religion, ideology, geography, political structure, culture, proliferation and geopolitics can shape a leadership’s decision-making process, in ways that are specific and unique to each opponent. Understanding Deterrence demonstrates how using a multidisciplinary approach to deterrence analysis can better identify and assess factors that influence an opponent’s decision-making process. This identification and assessment process can facilitate the tailoring of deterrence strategies to specific purposes and result in a higher likelihood of success than strategies guided by the generalizations about opponent decision-making typically contained in the rational actor model. This book was published as a special issue of Comparative Strategy.

Deterrence, Reputation and Cold-War Cycles

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349127949
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (491 download)

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Book Synopsis Deterrence, Reputation and Cold-War Cycles by : John D. Orme

Download or read book Deterrence, Reputation and Cold-War Cycles written by John D. Orme and published by Springer. This book was released on 1992-06-18 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A historical reexamination of the Cold War's cyclical pattern. It aims to show how Soviet aggressiveness was most likely to occur when the credibility of US efforts at deterrence was damaged by the inability or unwillingness of the US to meet previous challenges.

Strategic Stability in the Post-Cold War World and the Future of Nuclear Disarmament

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940158396X
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Strategic Stability in the Post-Cold War World and the Future of Nuclear Disarmament by : Melvin L. Best, Jr.

Download or read book Strategic Stability in the Post-Cold War World and the Future of Nuclear Disarmament written by Melvin L. Best, Jr. and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Report contains a Consensus Report and the papers submitted to the April 6 -10, 1995 NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Strategic Stability In The Post-Cold War World And The Future Of Nuclear Disarmament, held in Washington D. C. , United States Of America of at The Airlie Conference Center. The workshop was sponsored by the NATO Division Scientific and Environmental Affairs as part of its ongoing outreach programme to widen and deepen scientific contacts between NATO member countries and the Cooperation Partner countries of the former Warsaw Treaty Organization. The participants recognize that the collapse of the former Soviet Union has left a conceptual vacuum in the definition of a new world order. Never before have the components of world order all changed so rapidly, so deeply, or so globally. As Henry Kissinger points out, the emergence of the new world order will have answered three fundamental questions:" What are the basic units of the international order? What are their means of interacting? and What are the goals on behalf of which they interact? " The main question is whether the establishment and maintenance of an international system will turn out to be a conscious design, or the outgrowth of a test of strength. The concept of a planning framework that could shape or govern these interactions is emerging and may now be at hand. Capturing this emerging framework is the thrust of this NATO-sponsored Advanced Research Workshop.

Deterrence

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Publisher : Polity
ISBN 13 : 9780745631134
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Deterrence by : Lawrence Freedman

Download or read book Deterrence written by Lawrence Freedman and published by Polity. This book was released on 2004-05-21 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a concept, deterrence has launched a thousand books and articles. It has dominated Western strategic thinking for more than four decades. In this important and groundbreaking new book, Lawrence Freedman develops a distinctive approach to the evaluation of deterrence as both a state of mind and a strategic option. This approach is applied to post-cold war crisis management, and the utility and relevance of the concept is addressed in relation to US strategic practice post-9/11, particularly in the light of the apparent preference of the Bush Administration for the alternative concept of pre-emption. The study of deterrence has been hampered by the weight of the intellectual baggage accumulated since the end of the Second World War. Exaggerated notions of what deterrence might achieve were developed, only to be to knocked down by academic critique. In this book, Freedman charts the evolution of the contemporary concept of deterrence, and discusses whether - and how - it still has relevance in today's world. He considers constructivist as well as realist approaches and draws on criminological as well as strategic studies literature to develop a concept of a norms-based, as opposed to an interest-based, deterrence. This book will be essential reading for students of politics and international relations as well as all those interested in contemporary strategic thought.

France, Germany, and Nuclear Deterrence

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Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 1800733267
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis France, Germany, and Nuclear Deterrence by : Nicolas Badalassi

Download or read book France, Germany, and Nuclear Deterrence written by Nicolas Badalassi and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2022-01-14 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The legacy of World War II and the division of Eastern and Western Europe produced a radical asymmetry, and a variety of misgivings and misunderstandings, in French and German experiences of the nuclear age. At the same time, however, political actors in both nations continually labored to reconcile their differences and engage in productive strategic dialogue. Grounded in cutting-edge research and freshly discovered archival sources, France, Germany, and Nuclear Deterrence teases out the paradoxical nuclear interactions between France and Germany from 1954 to the present day.

The Future's Back

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Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 9780773516069
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future's Back by : Frank P. Harvey

Download or read book The Future's Back written by Frank P. Harvey and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 1997 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arguing that previous critiques of rational choice and deterrence theory are not convincing, Frank Harvey constructs a new set of empirical tests of rational deterrence theory to illuminate patterns of interaction between rival nuclear powers. He analyses the crisis management techniques used by the United States and the Soviet Union in twenty-eight post-war crises and isolates factors that promote or inhibit escalation of these crises. This "crises"-based data set serves as the basis for identifying patterns of response when one nuclear state is threatened by another. The Future's Back offers new directions for testing that emphasize a more unified approach to theory building and assesses the feasibility of alternative courses of action to prevent escalation of future disputes characterized by nuclear rivalry.

Deterrence Theory and Chinese Behavior

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Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 9780833028532
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (285 download)

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Book Synopsis Deterrence Theory and Chinese Behavior by : Abram N. Shulsky

Download or read book Deterrence Theory and Chinese Behavior written by Abram N. Shulsky and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2000 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's recent reforms have led to unprecedented economic growth; if this continues, China will be able to turn its great potential power into actual power. The result could be, in the very long term, the rise of China as a rival to the United States as the world's predominant power; in the nearer term, China could become a significant rival in the East Asian region. In this context, the issue for U.S. policy is how to handle a rising power, a problem that predominant powers have faced many times throughout history. It is the contention of this report that the future Sino-U.S. context will illustrate many of the problems of deterrence theory that have been discussed in recent decades; deterrence theory will be, in general, more difficult to apply than it was in the U.S.-Soviet Cold War context. The key may be to seek nonmilitary means of deterrence, i.e., diplomatic ways to manipulate the tension to China's disadvantage.

Military Persuasion

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Publisher : Penn State University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Military Persuasion by : Stephen J. Cimbala

Download or read book Military Persuasion written by Stephen J. Cimbala and published by Penn State University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Military Persuasion, Stephen J. Cimbala reconciles two central approaches to war and peace studies. In the study of crisis management and war termination, the security literature overwhelmingly emphasizes the making of credible deterrent threats and coercive bargaining, while peace studies and conflict resolution literature focuses on conciliation and the offering of acceptable terms prior to or during a conflict. Cimbala contends that both threats and accommodation have their place in successfully preventing and ending conflicts. Military Persuasion is particularly welcome in the 1990s, as policy makers and scholars debate whether nuclear deterrence deserves credit as a positive factor in the avoidance of military confrontation between the superpowers during the Cold War years. Cimbala examines several cases of great-power decision making before, during, and after the Cold War to demonstrate that deterrent threats alone have not successfully avoided war during this century. In some important instances, such as the months leading up to World War I, threats have actually fed into a chain of miscalculation that ultimately led to war. Cimbala also considers the Berlin crisis of 1948, the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, and the Gulf War of 1991, the first major post-Cold War conflict. Military Persuasion makes a significant contribution to war and peace studies, firmly grounded in a realistic appraisal of the human dimension to crisis management.