Positron Beam Study Of Carbon Foil And Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes And Proposing A Design Of A Lifetime Positron Beam Based On Secondary Electrons Emission From Carbon Foil

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Positron Beam Study of Carbon Foil and Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes, and Proposing a Design of a Lifetime Positron Beam Based on Secondary Electrons Emission from Carbon Foil

Author : Bin Yang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781361285213
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (852 download)

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Book Synopsis Positron Beam Study of Carbon Foil and Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes, and Proposing a Design of a Lifetime Positron Beam Based on Secondary Electrons Emission from Carbon Foil by : Bin Yang

Download or read book Positron Beam Study of Carbon Foil and Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes, and Proposing a Design of a Lifetime Positron Beam Based on Secondary Electrons Emission from Carbon Foil written by Bin Yang and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Positron Beam Study of Carbon Foil and Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes, and Proposing a Design of a Lifetime Positron Beam Based on Secondary Electrons Emission From Carbon Foil" by Bin, Yang, 杨彬, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Secondary electron (SE) emission from thin carbon foils induced by 1-20 keV positrons has been investigated over a range of nominal foil thicknesses from 1.0 to 5.0 μg/cm2. The measurement of SEs was carried out in forward geometry using a microchannel plate as a detector. The SE yield γ has been measured as a function of beam energy and compared with some Monte Carlo simulation results. We also present in this thesis the material parameter Λ=? / (dE / dx) and the emitted SE energy spectra. Forincident positron energy of 5 keV or higher, the distribution is found to be characterizedby the Sickafus form, AEm and m is close to 1. For low energy incident positrons however, another form, Bexp(E / t), is proposed for describing the SE distribution. The maximum scattering angle for SEs emitted from 5.0 μg/cm2 is found to be around 60. Measurements of energy loss and energy loss straggling for 1-10 keV positrons passing through thin carbon foils of different thicknesses ranging from 1.0 to 5.0 μg/cm2 are present in this thesis. The stopping power dE / dx and positron transmission coefficient have also been investigated as a function of incident positron energy and foil thickness. Particularly, our experimental results are compared with those from Monte Carlo simulation and theory with a view to providing a way to determine the real thickness of carbon foil. The ratio of the energy loss straggling to the foil thickness seems to have a linear relation with the beam energy. The transmitted positrons after passing through 5.0 μg/cm2 C-foil have a small scattering angle which is less than 10. Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays fabricated by anodization of titanium foil and annealed at different temperatures were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS). The crystallization process and morphological change of the nanotubes have been discussed. It is found that anatase (101) only appeared on the walls of the nanotube. The atomic concentration of fluoride and the ratio of Ti/O decreased when the annealing temperature increased. Vacancy type defects were found to diffuse toward the surface when the samples were annealed at 200C and 400C and healing of vacancies occurred at 600C. In addition, the fluoride may form some complexes with vacancies on the surface hence lowering the value of the S parameter. A new design of the lifetime positron beam based on the SE emission is proposed. The observed experimental results and simulation results make it possible to construct a new type of high resolution (DOI: 10.5353/th_b4716028 Subjects: Nanotubes Positron beams Secondary electron emission

Positron Beam Study of Carbon Foil and Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes, and Proposing a Design of a Lifetime Positron Beam Based on Secondary Electrons Emission from Carbon Foil

Author : Bin Yang (Ph. D.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (783 download)

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Book Synopsis Positron Beam Study of Carbon Foil and Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes, and Proposing a Design of a Lifetime Positron Beam Based on Secondary Electrons Emission from Carbon Foil by : Bin Yang (Ph. D.)

A Novel Design of a Variable Energy Positron Lifetime Beam

Author : Dan Chen
Publisher : Open Dissertation Press
ISBN 13 : 9781374666658
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (666 download)

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Book Synopsis A Novel Design of a Variable Energy Positron Lifetime Beam by : Dan Chen

Download or read book A Novel Design of a Variable Energy Positron Lifetime Beam written by Dan Chen and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "A Novel Design of a Variable Energy Positron Lifetime Beam" by Dan, Chen, 陳丹, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled A NOVEL DESIGN OF A VARIABLE ENERGY POSITRON LIFETIME BEAM Submitted by Chen Dan for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in December 2007 Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) is known to be a sensitive method for characterizing vacancy type defects in materials and thus tends to be the most popular of the positron annihilation techniques. Conventional PALS, which is 22 normally based on the emission of positrons from Na, works only on bulk samples since the penetration depth of the positrons from this isotope is large and not controllable. In order to study the defects in thin films or at material surfaces, however, it is highly desirable to employ PALS with a slow positron beam which has the capability of varying the incident positron energy and hence the mean positron implantation depth. Such a depth profiling PALS system is referred to in the present work as Variable Energy Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (VEPALS). The problem of constructing a VEPALS system, however, is the absence of a start signal for a positron entering a sample when using a positron beam. One of the ways of furnishing the necessary start signal is the usage of secondary electrons emitted when the positron strikes the sample. This method, however, suffers from two drawbacks. First the efficiency of the secondary emission varies from sample to sample. Second the timing resolution is usually poor (typically 400 to 800ps) due to the variation of secondary electron energies. The new VEPALS design presented in this thesis offers a novel approach to solving these problems. It is based on the emission of secondary electrons produced when the positron beam passes through a 25nm thick carbon foil located in front of the sample. A needle of 30μm diameter is positioned on-axis right behind the foil, creating a radial electric field that deflects the secondary electrons radially outwards sufficiently so as to miss the sample and to hit a micro channel plate (MCP) detector placed down beam. The MCP signal provides the start-signal for the positron lifetime spectrometer. The design has a cylindrical symmetry that reduces the experimental complexity. Moreover the small variations in secondary electron path length results in good timing resolution (= 500eV) of the positron beam. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3955879 Subjects: Positron beams Positron annihilation Electrons - Emission

A Novel Design of a Variable Energy Positron Lifetime Beam

Author : Dan Chen (Physist.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (226 download)

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Book Synopsis A Novel Design of a Variable Energy Positron Lifetime Beam by : Dan Chen (Physist.)

Download or read book A Novel Design of a Variable Energy Positron Lifetime Beam written by Dan Chen (Physist.) and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Delft Intense Slow Positron Beam 2D-ACAR Facility for Analysis of Nanocavities and Quantum Dots

Author : Claudiu Valentin Falub
Publisher : Delft University Press
ISBN 13 : 9789040723377
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (233 download)

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Book Synopsis The Delft Intense Slow Positron Beam 2D-ACAR Facility for Analysis of Nanocavities and Quantum Dots by : Claudiu Valentin Falub

Download or read book The Delft Intense Slow Positron Beam 2D-ACAR Facility for Analysis of Nanocavities and Quantum Dots written by Claudiu Valentin Falub and published by Delft University Press. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Interaction of Positron Beams with Thin Silver Foils and Surfaces

Author : Mogens Rysholt Poulsen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (474 download)

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Book Synopsis Interaction of Positron Beams with Thin Silver Foils and Surfaces by : Mogens Rysholt Poulsen

Download or read book Interaction of Positron Beams with Thin Silver Foils and Surfaces written by Mogens Rysholt Poulsen and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Textbook of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Author : B.S. Murty
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642280307
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Textbook of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology by : B.S. Murty

Download or read book Textbook of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology written by B.S. Murty and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is meant to serve as a textbook for beginners in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. It can also be used as additional reading in this multifaceted area. It covers the entire spectrum of nanoscience and technology: introduction, terminology, historical perspectives of this domain of science, unique and widely differing properties, advances in the various synthesis, consolidation and characterization techniques, applications of nanoscience and technology and emerging materials and technologies.

Nanostructure Science and Technology

Author : Richard W. Siegel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792358541
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (585 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanostructure Science and Technology by : Richard W. Siegel

Download or read book Nanostructure Science and Technology written by Richard W. Siegel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-09-30 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timely information on scientific and engineering developments occurring in laboratories around the world provides critical input to maintaining the economic and technological strength of the United States. Moreover, sharing this information quickly with other countries can greatly enhance the productivity of scientists and engineers. These are some of the reasons why the National Science Foundation (NSF) has been involved in funding science and technology assessments comparing the United States and foreign countries since the early 1980s. A substantial number of these studies have been conducted by the World Technology Evaluation Center (WTEC) managed by Loyola College through a cooperative agreement with NSF. The National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), Committee on Technology's Interagency Working Group on NanoScience, Engineering and Technology (CT/IWGN) worked with WTEC to develop the scope of this Nanostucture Science and Technology report in an effort to develop a baseline of understanding for how to strategically make Federal nanoscale R&D investments in the coming years. The purpose of the NSTC/WTEC activity is to assess R&D efforts in other countries in specific areas of technology, to compare these efforts and their results to U. S. research in the same areas, and to identify opportunities for international collaboration in precompetitive research. Many U. S. organizations support substantial data gathering and analysis efforts focusing on nations such as Japan. But often the results of these studies are not widely available. At the same time, government and privately sponsored studies that are in the public domain tend to be "input" studies.

The Dynatron

Author : Donald Menzies Bennett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dynatron by : Donald Menzies Bennett

Download or read book The Dynatron written by Donald Menzies Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Oxide Electronics

Author : Asim K. Ray
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119529476
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxide Electronics by : Asim K. Ray

Download or read book Oxide Electronics written by Asim K. Ray and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-12 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxide Electronics Multiple disciplines converge in this insightful exploration of complex metal oxides and their functions and properties Oxide Electronics delivers a broad and comprehensive exploration of complex metal oxides designed to meet the multidisciplinary needs of electrical and electronic engineers, physicists, and material scientists. The distinguished author eschews complex mathematics whenever possible and focuses on the physical and functional properties of metal oxides in each chapter. Each of the sixteen chapters featured within the book begins with an abstract and an introduction to the topic, clear explanations are presented with graphical illustrations and relevant equations throughout the book. Numerous supporting references are included, and each chapter is self-contained, making them perfect for use both as a reference and as study material. Readers will learn how and why the field of oxide electronics is a key area of research and exploitation in materials science, electrical engineering, and semiconductor physics. The book encompasses every application area where the functional and electronic properties of various genres of oxides are exploited. Readers will also learn from topics like: Thorough discussions of High-k gate oxide for silicon heterostructure MOSFET devices and semiconductor-dielectric interfaces An exploration of printable high-mobility transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors Treatments of graphene oxide electronics, magnetic oxides, ferroelectric oxides, and materials for spin electronics Examinations of the calcium aluminate binary compound, perovoksites for photovoltaics, and oxide 2Degs Analyses of various applications for oxide electronics, including data storage, microprocessors, biomedical devices, LCDs, photovoltaic cells, TFTs, and sensors Suitable for researchers in semiconductor technology or working in materials science, electrical engineering, and physics, Oxide Electronics will also earn a place in the libraries of private industry researchers like device engineers working on electronic applications of oxide electronics. Engineers working on photovoltaics, sensors, or consumer electronics will also benefit from this book.

X-Ray Metrology in Semiconductor Manufacturing

Author : D. Keith Bowen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420005650
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis X-Ray Metrology in Semiconductor Manufacturing by : D. Keith Bowen

Download or read book X-Ray Metrology in Semiconductor Manufacturing written by D. Keith Bowen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scales involved in modern semiconductor manufacturing and microelectronics continue to plunge downward. Effective and accurate characterization of materials with thicknesses below a few nanometers can be achieved using x-rays. While many books are available on the theory behind x-ray metrology (XRM), X-Ray Metrology in Semiconductor Manufacturing is the first book to focus on the practical aspects of the technology and its application in device fabrication and solving new materials problems. Following a general overview of the field, the first section of the book is organized by application and outlines the techniques that are best suited to each. The next section delves into the techniques and theory behind the applications, such as specular x-ray reflectivity, diffraction imaging, and defect mapping. Finally, the third section provides technological details of each technique, answering questions commonly encountered in practice. The authors supply real examples from the semiconductor and magnetic recording industries as well as more than 150 clearly drawn figures to illustrate the discussion. They also summarize the principles and key information about each method with inset boxes found throughout the text. Written by world leaders in the field, X-Ray Metrology in Semiconductor Manufacturing provides real solutions with a focus on accuracy, repeatability, and throughput.

Lasers and Nuclei

Author : Heinrich Schwoerer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540302719
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Lasers and Nuclei by : Heinrich Schwoerer

Download or read book Lasers and Nuclei written by Heinrich Schwoerer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-22 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lasers and Nuclei describes the generation of high-energy-particle radiation with high-intensity lasers and its application to nuclear science. A basic introduction to laser--matter interaction at high fields is complemented by detailed presentations of state of the art laser particle acceleration and elementary laser nuclear experiments. The text also discusses future applications of lasers in nuclear science, for example in nuclear astrophysics, isotope generation, nuclear fuel physics and proton and neutron imaging.

Swift Heavy Ions for Materials Engineering and Nanostructuring

Author : Devesh Kumar Avasthi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400712294
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Swift Heavy Ions for Materials Engineering and Nanostructuring by : Devesh Kumar Avasthi

Download or read book Swift Heavy Ions for Materials Engineering and Nanostructuring written by Devesh Kumar Avasthi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-24 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion beams have been used for decades for characterizing and analyzing materials. Now energetic ion beams are providing ways to modify the materials in unprecedented ways. This book highlights the emergence of high-energy swift heavy ions as a tool for tailoring the properties of materials with nanoscale structures. Swift heavy ions interact with materials by exciting/ionizing electrons without directly moving the atoms. This opens a new horizon towards the 'so-called' soft engineering. The book discusses the ion beam technology emerging from the non-equilibrium conditions and emphasizes the power of controlled irradiation to tailor the properties of various types of materials for specific needs.

Active Protective Coatings

Author : Anthony E. Hughes
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9401775400
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Active Protective Coatings by : Anthony E. Hughes

Download or read book Active Protective Coatings written by Anthony E. Hughes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers a broad range of materials science that has been brought to bear on providing solutions to the challenges of developing self-healing and protective coatings for a range of metals. The book has a strong emphasis on characterisation techniques, particularly new techniques that are beginning to be used in the coatings area. It features many contributions written by experts from various industrial sectors which examine the needs of the sectors and the state of the art. The development of self-healing and protective coatings has been an expanding field in recent years and applies a lot of new knowledge gained from other fields as well as other areas of materials science to the development of coatings. It has borrowed from fields such as the food and pharmaceutical industries who have used, polymer techniques, sol-gel science and colloidosome technology for a range encapsulation techniques. It has also borrowed from fields like hydrogen storage such as from the development of hierarchical and other materials based on organic templating as “nanocontainers” for the delivery of inhibitors. In materials science, recent developments in high throughput and other characterisation techniques, such as those available from synchrotrons, are being increasing used for novel characterisation – one only needs to look at the application of these techniques in self healing polymers to gauge wealth of new information that has been gained from these techniques. This work is largely driven by the need to replace environmental pollutants and hazardous chemicals that represent risk to humans such as chromate inhibitors which are still used in some applications.

Vertically-Oriented Graphene

Author : Junhong Chen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319153021
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Vertically-Oriented Graphene by : Junhong Chen

Download or read book Vertically-Oriented Graphene written by Junhong Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-23 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the basic concepts, synthesis techniques, and applications of vertically-oriented graphene. The authors detail emerging applications of vertically-oriented graphene such as field emitters, atmospheric nanoscale corona discharges, gas sensors and biosensors, supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells (catalyst supports) and electrochemical transducers. They offer a perspective on current challenges to enabling commercial applications of vertically-oriented graphene.

Nano-Bio- Electronic, Photonic and MEMS Packaging

Author : C.P. Wong
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441900403
Total Pages : 761 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Nano-Bio- Electronic, Photonic and MEMS Packaging by : C.P. Wong

Download or read book Nano-Bio- Electronic, Photonic and MEMS Packaging written by C.P. Wong and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-23 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnologies are being applied to the biotechnology area, especially in the area of nano material synthesis. Until recently, there has been little research into how to implement nano/bio materials into the device level. “Nano and Bio Electronics Packaging” discusses how nanofabrication techniques can be used to customize packaging for nano devices with applications to biological and biomedical research and products. Covering such topics as nano bio sensing electronics, bio device packaging, NEMs for Bio Devices and much more.

Thin Film Analysis by X-Ray Scattering

Author : Mario Birkholz
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527607048
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Thin Film Analysis by X-Ray Scattering by : Mario Birkholz

Download or read book Thin Film Analysis by X-Ray Scattering written by Mario Birkholz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions by Paul F. Fewster and Christoph Genzel While X-ray diffraction investigation of powders and polycrystalline matter was at the forefront of materials science in the 1960s and 70s, high-tech applications at the beginning of the 21st century are driven by the materials science of thin films. Very much an interdisciplinary field, chemists, biochemists, materials scientists, physicists and engineers all have a common interest in thin films and their manifold uses and applications. Grain size, porosity, density, preferred orientation and other properties are important to know: whether thin films fulfill their intended function depends crucially on their structure and morphology once a chemical composition has been chosen. Although their backgrounds differ greatly, all the involved specialists a profound understanding of how structural properties may be determined in order to perform their respective tasks in search of new and modern materials, coatings and functions. The author undertakes this in-depth introduction to the field of thin film X-ray characterization in a clear and precise manner.