Politeness In German And In English Differences In The Everyday Language

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Politeness in German and in English. Differences in the everyday language

Author : Leonie Quicker
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346867277
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (468 download)

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Book Synopsis Politeness in German and in English. Differences in the everyday language by : Leonie Quicker

Download or read book Politeness in German and in English. Differences in the everyday language written by Leonie Quicker and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2023-05-08 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Paderborn, language: English, abstract: In this term paper, the main differences between English and German in terms of politeness will be further explained and analysed, based on the use of the politeness markers "Bitte" and "Please". There appear to be an assumption that Germans use more often the direct and unfriendly approach while requesting something from someone, whereas English tend to indirectly ask the other person to do something by using a more formal and polite way. This possible difference may lead to problems especially for Germans while learning English, since they may appear rude without even knowing the reason. However, this term paper shall prove whether this thesis is true or not by analysing 100 samples from the English and German corpus each and comparing those results with different data and studies. In our everyday life, we try to avoid conflicts and misunderstandings as much as we possibly can to protect our own image and the one we are talking to. However, the inevitability of such problems causes people to be excessively tactful in order to maintain a positive communication with other people. But the tactfulness may differ depending on several circumstances, for example its cultural surroundings. While it is possible to use the third singular and third plural form "you" to speak to a higher standing person in English, there is a difference in German when using "Du" and "Sie". This issue and other different aspects can lead to difficulties of intercultural communication or even by starting to learn a new foreign language. This is why this subject is important to understand in order to talk to people appropriately and accordingly, so that miscommunication can be minimized as much as possible. Even if you can speak a language perfectly, there is still a possibility that you will be misunderstood.

Politeness in English and German: a contrastive study

Author : Svetla Rogatcheva
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638314251
Total Pages : 17 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (383 download)

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Book Synopsis Politeness in English and German: a contrastive study by : Svetla Rogatcheva

Download or read book Politeness in English and German: a contrastive study written by Svetla Rogatcheva and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2004-10-11 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2003 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1.7 (A-), University of Bayreuth (UB Bayreuth), course: Contrastive Linguistics, language: English, abstract: Almo st all linguistic research views politeness as a universal feature of civilized societies, regardless of their background culture, or their language. Politeness is thus seen as an important social or ‘urbane’ value, inherent to successful communication, although its realization may vary across the different speech communities. Politeness offers a good way of emotional control of the individual (House and Kasper, 1981: 158), and is typically means of preserving and maintaining good social relationship between the speakers of one or more cultures. Polite behaviour generally protects the individual, as well as their addressee, and often becomes subject matter of self- help books on etiquette, especially in cases when people belong to a specific hierarchy (roya l court, business company etc). The verbal realization of politeness poses even greater problems when the interlocutors belong to different cultures and try to communicate, transferring their pragmatic knowledge of polite behaviour into the foreign langua ge. Lack of practice and the learners’ concern with rendering correctly the foreign language’s grammatical structures in the first place often lead to misunderstandings, or the so-called ‘socio-pragmatic failures’ (Thomas, 1983)- ‘ errors resulting from no n- native speakers not knowing what to say or not saying the appropriate things as a result of transferring incongruent social rules, values and belief systems from their native languages and cultures’. These types of errors are likely to cause a downright insult for both the non- native and the native speakers of a certain language, the native speakers misunderstanding and misinterpreting the intentions of the non- native speaker, and the nonnative speakers being over-sensitive to ‘distinctions of grammatical form’ (Brown and Levinson 1996: 35), in a way the native speakers are not. In any case, being polite is essential to maintaining healthy social relations within a specific culture, and even more so, for the communication across cultures. Cross-cultural communication offers a wide field for research, as the socio-pragmatic failure of one speaker of a certain community tends to be stereotyped for the whole community (Knapp-Potthoff 1992: 203), consequently labeling a nation as rude, over-polite, insincere etc. [...]

Politeness in Europe

Author : Leo Hickey
Publisher : Multilingual Matters
ISBN 13 : 9781853597374
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (973 download)

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Book Synopsis Politeness in Europe by : Leo Hickey

Download or read book Politeness in Europe written by Leo Hickey and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Politeness as practised across 22 European societies, firmly set within critical debates developed since the 1980s, is here presented in ways related to concrete situations in which language-users interact with one another to achieve their goals. Areas covered include types of politeness, forms of address, negotiation and small-talk in various contexts.

Responding to Compliments in German and American English

Author : Kristina Grasmik
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783668478480
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (784 download)

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Book Synopsis Responding to Compliments in German and American English by : Kristina Grasmik

Download or read book Responding to Compliments in German and American English written by Kristina Grasmik and published by . This book was released on 2017-07-13 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Comparative Literature, grade: 2,7, University of Dusseldorf "Heinrich Heine," language: English, abstract: This paper has two aims: At first, to find out whether the German responses respectively results differ from Chen's American English ones or whether there are similarities. Secondly to interpret the results according to the two cultures and to show that there are more similarities than differences between the two cultures. In the next section the theoretical background of this term paper will be explained with a definition of politeness as well as a definition of a compliment. As already mentioned, there will be a description of Leech's Politeness Principle and Brown and Levinson's theory of politeness which will be linked to the comparison of the two cultures. To make a comparison possible between American English speakers and German speakers, the same methodology as Chen's will be presented, which will be the next section. The step after the methodology will be the illustration of the findings. The comparison of the data with an interpretation according to both cultures will be included in the discussion section. At the end will be a short conclusion of the whole study. If you are in a foreign country, you try to be polite. But what exactly is politeness? Maybe you have already noticed that not in every country respectively culture you find the same understanding of politeness, which can lead to misunderstandings between people from different cultures. Hence many linguists try to compare the understanding of politeness of different cultures and countries with the aid of some researches and some politeness theories. The most important and popular politeness theories are those of Brown and Levinson, Leech and Grice, which will help to understand and group the findings into categories. Later on, some of them will be defined. The comparison between American English and G

Politeness in the History of English

Author : Andreas Jucker
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108499627
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Politeness in the History of English by : Andreas Jucker

Download or read book Politeness in the History of English written by Andreas Jucker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-16 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Middle Ages up to the present day, this book traces politeness in the history of the English language.

A critical evaluation of Politeness research in English and German

Author : Friederike Brons
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656110344
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (561 download)

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Book Synopsis A critical evaluation of Politeness research in English and German by : Friederike Brons

Download or read book A critical evaluation of Politeness research in English and German written by Friederike Brons and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-01-25 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,0, University of Wuppertal (Anglistik/Amerikanistik), language: English, abstract: As a way of establishing a general framework of the development of politeness research, I will give an overview of different theories: the first being the conversationalist maxim view, including the work of Grice, Lakoff and Leech; and the second being the face- saving view of politeness, including Brown and Levinson's model. Then, I will investigate how politeness is realised in German and English. For this purpose, I will firstly consider cultural specificities that determine linguistic politeness, examining dimensions of cross- cultural difference as proposed by Juliane House and critically evaluate these dimensions. Secondly, I will look at how politeness is reflected in the realisation of the speech act of request, drawing on results from a contrastive study on politeness markers by Juliane House and Gabriele Kasper. These will subsequently be compared to findings gained in other empirical works. Following the critical evaluation, I will also take a closer look at the significant role of modal particles in the modification of requests in order to account for some of the prevalent linguistic choices observed in the contrastive study. Finally, the paper ends with a summarising conclusion.

A Critical Evaluation of Politeness Research in English and German

Author : Friederike Brons
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656110573
Total Pages : 53 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (561 download)

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Book Synopsis A Critical Evaluation of Politeness Research in English and German by : Friederike Brons

Download or read book A Critical Evaluation of Politeness Research in English and German written by Friederike Brons and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-02 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,0, University of Wuppertal (Anglistik/Amerikanistik), language: English, abstract: As a way of establishing a general framework of the development of politeness research, I will give an overview of different theories: the first being the conversationalist maxim view, including the work of Grice, Lakoff and Leech; and the second being the face- saving view of politeness, including Brown and Levinson's model. Then, I will investigate how politeness is realised in German and English. For this purpose, I will firstly consider cultural specificities that determine linguistic politeness, examining dimensions of cross- cultural difference as proposed by Juliane House and critically evaluate these dimensions. Secondly, I will look at how politeness is reflected in the realisation of the speech act of request, drawing on results from a contrastive study on politeness markers by Juliane House and Gabriele Kasper. These will subsequently be compared to findings gained in other empirical works. Following the critical evaluation, I will also take a closer look at the significant role of modal particles in the modification of requests in order to account for some of the prevalent linguistic choices observed in the contrastive study. Finally, the paper ends with a summarising conclusion.

Politeness in Language

Author : Richard J. Watts
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110886545
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Politeness in Language by : Richard J. Watts

Download or read book Politeness in Language written by Richard J. Watts and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of 13 original papers focuses on the phenomenon of politeness in language. It presents the most important problems in developing a theory of linguistic politeness, which must deal with the crucial differences between lay notions of politeness in different cultures and the term ‘politeness’ as a concept within a theory of linguistic politeness. The universal validity of the term itself is called into question, as are models such as those developed by Brown and Levinson, Lakoff, and Leech. New approaches are suggested. In addition to this theoretical discussion, an empirical section presents a number of case studies and research projects in linguistic politeness. These show what has been achieved within current models and what still remains to be done, in particular with reference to cross-cultural studies in politeness and differences between a Western and a non-Western approach to the subject.

Politeness Conveyed in Every Language is "culture Sensitive"

Download Politeness Conveyed in Every Language is

Author : Hema S. Rana
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (439 download)

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Book Synopsis Politeness Conveyed in Every Language is "culture Sensitive" by : Hema S. Rana

Download or read book Politeness Conveyed in Every Language is "culture Sensitive" written by Hema S. Rana and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Challenging the Monolingual Mindset

Author : John Hajek
Publisher : Multilingual Matters
ISBN 13 : 1783092513
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis Challenging the Monolingual Mindset by : John Hajek

Download or read book Challenging the Monolingual Mindset written by John Hajek and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume challenges the monolingual mindset by highlighting how language-related issues surround us in many different ways, and explores the tensions that can develop in managing and understanding multilingualism. The book features analysis and discussion on the use of languages across a range of contexts, including post-migration settlement, policy, education, language contact and intercultural communication.

Sociolinguistics, Solidarity and Politeness

Author : Hildegard Schnell
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640506278
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Sociolinguistics, Solidarity and Politeness by : Hildegard Schnell

Download or read book Sociolinguistics, Solidarity and Politeness written by Hildegard Schnell and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, University of Duisburg-Essen, course: Language Variation and Change, 13 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: The purpose of the present paper from a sociolinguistic stance is to consider the aspects of solidarity and politeness including face-threatening acts from the point of view of their linguistic components, relevance for social interaction and their usage in male/female discourse. In addition, the apparent complexity of the sociolinguistic dimension of solidarity and politeness will be dealt with to give details to the function and consequence which arises from the use of address terms as well as politeness and solidarity patterns reflecting complex social relationships linguistically. In essence, this paper will show that certain linguistic choices a speaker makes indicate the social relationship that the speaker perceives to exist between his or her interlocutor. Aspects of social relationships, such as distance, solidarity or intimacy are given linguistic expression by address systems consisting of a T/V distinction and address terms. This way, speakers are given the chance to either be more formal or less formal with their interlocutor on certain occasions (Hickey 2007: 3). Hence, the aim of this chapter is to consider the basic concepts and terminology of a T/V distinction as well as forms of address and so pointing out the only two pronominal variants tu and vous of address in French and German which either represent social distance or intimacy between interlocutors. In addition, a general description of the semantic evolution of the two pronouns of address will be offered. In dealing with the pronouns of address in French and German from the point of view of their function in actual speech, this chapter describes on the one hand the semantic differences existing today among the pronouns of address and on the other hand

Politeness in Language

Author : Richard J. Watts
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110199815
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Politeness in Language by : Richard J. Watts

Download or read book Politeness in Language written by Richard J. Watts and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this collection of 13 original papers contains an updated introductory section detailing the significance that the original articles published in 1992 have for the further development of research into linguistic politeness into the 21st century. The original articles focus on the phenomenon of politeness in language. They present the most important problems in developing a theory of linguistic politeness, which must deal with the crucial differences between lay notions of politeness in different cultures and the term 'politeness' as a concept within a theory of linguistic politeness. The universal validity of the term itself is called into question, as are models such as those developed by Brown and Levinson, Lakoff, and Leech. New approaches are suggested. In addition to this theoretical discussion, an empirical section presents a number of case studies and research projects in linguistic politeness. These show what has been achieved within current models and what still remains to be done, in particular with reference to cross-cultural studies in politeness and differences between a Western and a non-Western approach to the subject. The publication of this second edition demonstrates that the significance of the collection is just as salient in the first decade of the new millennium as it was at the beginning of the 1990s.

The Cambridge Handbook of Intercultural Communication

Author : Guido Rings
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108642705
Total Pages : 1016 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Intercultural Communication by : Guido Rings

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Intercultural Communication written by Guido Rings and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-23 with total page 1016 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A highly interdisciplinary overview of the wide spectrum of current international research and professional practice in intercultural communication, this is a key reference book for students, lecturers and professionals alike. Key examples of contrastive, interactive, imagological and interlingual approaches are discussed, as well as the impact of cultural, economic and socio-political power hierarchies in cultural encounters, essential for contemporary research in critical intercultural communication and postcolonial studies. The Handbook also explores the spectrum of professional applications of that research, from intercultural teaching and training to the management of culturally mixed groups, facilitating use by professionals in related fields. Theories are introduced systematically using ordinary language explanations and examples, providing an engaging approach to readers new to the field. Students and researchers in a wide variety of disciplines, from cultural studies to linguistics, will appreciate this clear yet in-depth approach to an ever-evolving contemporary field.

English Politeness and Class

Author : Sara Mills
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108340768
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis English Politeness and Class by : Sara Mills

Download or read book English Politeness and Class written by Sara Mills and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Politeness plays a vital role in maintaining class differences. In this highly original account, Sara Mills analyses the interrelationship between class and linguistic interaction, uncovering the linguistic ideologies behind politeness in British English. She sheds light on the way politeness and rudeness interrelate with the marking of class boundaries, and reveals how middle-class positions in society are marked by people's use of self-deprecation, indirectness and reserve. Systematically challenging received wisdom about cross-cultural and inter-cultural differences, she goes beyond the mere context of the interaction to investigate the social dimension of politeness. This approach enables readers to analyse other languages in the same way, and a range of case studies illustrate how ideologies of politeness are employed and judged.

Politeness Strategies in Hungary and England with Special Focus on Greetings and Leave-taking Terms

Author : Catharina Kern
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638694836
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (386 download)

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Book Synopsis Politeness Strategies in Hungary and England with Special Focus on Greetings and Leave-taking Terms by : Catharina Kern

Download or read book Politeness Strategies in Hungary and England with Special Focus on Greetings and Leave-taking Terms written by Catharina Kern and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-07 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,0, University of Bayreuth, course: Eurolinguistics, language: English, abstract: Unsere Hausarbeit für das Seminar Eurolinguistics bei Dr. Grzega schrieben wir über Höflichkeitsformen in Ungarn und England mit Fokus auf Begrüßungs- und Abschiedsformeln (Politeness strategies in Hungary and England with special focus on greetings and leave-taking terms). Interessant wurde dieses Thema für uns vor dem Sommersemester 2006, nach einem Urlaub in Ungarn, in dem wir der Vielfalt der Begrüßungs- und Höflichkeitsformen in dieser Sprache gewahr wurden und sie bewusst wahrnahmen. Als Studentinnen des Faches Anglistik ist es offensichtlich, dass die Englische Sprache Mittelpunkt unseres Interesses ist. So kamen wir auf die Idee, zunächst nur Begrüßungsformeln miteinander zu vergleichen, bis wir sahen, wie sehr dieses Thema eigentlich mit Höflichkeit verflochten ist. Um neben einem Theorieteil, in welchem wir uns in der Diskussion um Höflichkeitsformen auf andere wissenschaftliche Quellen beziehen, auch einen Praxisbezug in die Hausarbeit mit aufzunehmen, gab uns Dr. Grzega eine Vorlage eines Fragebogens, den er zuvor für andere Studienzwecke entworfen hatte; nach kleinen Änderungen verteilten wir diesen an 25 Engländer und 25 Ungarn im Alter von 14 bis 89 Jahren in einem recht ausgewogenen Verhältnis von 48% männlichen und 52% weiblichen Teilnehmern. Diese werteten wir getrennt voneinander aus, um sie später dann in der Seminararbeit miteinander zu vergleichen, um Übereinstimmungen, sowie auch Unterschiede feststellen zu können. Ungarn ist stark von seiner Geschichte und von Traditionen geprägt, und vor allem aus seiner Zeit der österreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie, was in einigen gängigen Begrüßungsformeln erkennbar wird. Das förmliche Siezen tritt ungewöhnlich häufig auf, auffallend vor allem in Familienkreisen gegenüber älteren Verwandten, die mit dem Vornamen,

Culture and Power: Challenging Discourses

Author : M. José Coperías Aguilar
Publisher : Universitat de València
ISBN 13 : 9788437044293
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (442 download)

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Book Synopsis Culture and Power: Challenging Discourses by : M. José Coperías Aguilar

Download or read book Culture and Power: Challenging Discourses written by M. José Coperías Aguilar and published by Universitat de València. This book was released on 2000 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Pragmatics

Author : Rebecca Tipton
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351794396
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Pragmatics by : Rebecca Tipton

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Pragmatics written by Rebecca Tipton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-22 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Pragmatics provides an overview of key concepts and theory in pragmatics, charts developments in the disciplinary relationship between translation studies and pragmatics, and showcases applications of pragmatics-inspired research in a wide range of translation, spoken and signed language interpreting activities. Bringing together 22 authoritative chapters by leading scholars, this reference work is divided into three sections: Influences and Intersections, Methodological Issues, and Applications. Contributions focus on features of linguistic pragmatics and their analysis in authentic and experimental data relating to a wide range of translation and interpreting activities, including: news, scientific, literary and audiovisual translation, translation in online social media, healthcare interpreting and audio description for the theatre. It also encompasses contributions on issues beyond the level of the text that include the study of interpersonal relationships in practitioner networks and the development of pragmatic competence in interpreter training. Each chapter includes many practical illustrative examples and a list of recommended reading. Fundamental reading for students and academics in translation and interpreting studies, this is also an essential resource for those working in the related fields of linguistics, communication and intercultural studies.