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Polikarpov 1 16
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Book Synopsis Polikarpov's I-16 Fighter by : Yefim Gordon
Download or read book Polikarpov's I-16 Fighter written by Yefim Gordon and published by Voyageur Press (MN). This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aviation historians often dismiss the Polyikarpov I-16 because it did not fare well against its more modern adversaries in WWII. It was often referred to in the West by the disparaging nickname of Rata, the Russian word for rat! Nikolay Polyikarpov's I-16 was nevertheless an outstanding fighter in its day--among other things, because it was the world's first monoplane fighter with a retractable undercarriage. Its capabilities were demonstrated effectively during the Spanish Civil War and it was still in front line service when the German armed forces fell on the Soviet Union in 1941. This book details every variant of this diminutive fighter, including development aircraft and unbuilt projects. An account is also given of Polyikarpov's early monoplane fighters that presaged the I-16 and of the later designs that evolved from it. Details are given of all surviving examples including the six aircraft that were restored to airworthy condition in Russia in the 1990s.
Book Synopsis Polikarpov I-15, I-16 and I-153 Aces by : Mikhail Maslov
Download or read book Polikarpov I-15, I-16 and I-153 Aces written by Mikhail Maslov and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-02-20 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the heat of Spain to the frozen wastelands of Finland, this book reveals the combat stories of the pilots who flew the Polikarpov fighters from 1936 until the end of World War II. The I-15, I-16 and I-153 fighters were the world's first mass-produced fighters. Some 17,000 Polikarpovs had been manufactured by the time production ceased in 1941. They served with the Republicans in the Spain, the Chinese against Japan in 1937–38, and the Soviets against both Japan in the Nomonhan Incident and Finland during the Winter War. By 1941, more than 20 Soviet pilots had made ace in Polikarpovs, and many more attained that status during the first months of the German invasion. Though thoroughly outclassed, this book shows how the Polikarpov was the backbone of the Soviet air force during the early months of the war in the east, and continued to serve, as training aircraft and as frontline fighters, some right through to 1945.
Book Synopsis King of Fighters -- Nikolay Polikarpov and His Aircraft Designs by : Mikhail Maslov
Download or read book King of Fighters -- Nikolay Polikarpov and His Aircraft Designs written by Mikhail Maslov and published by . This book was released on 2021-01-19 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the century-long history of the conquest of the sky there have been a number of outstanding personalities. Among them is the name of designer Nikolay Polikarpov (1892-1944), which is inseparably associated with the best achievements of the Russian and Soviet aviation. His practical activity in the aircraft industry began upon graduation from the Petersburg Polytechnic Institute in 1916. Aged 25, Polikarpov was sent to the Russo-Baltic Wagon Factory (RBWF), where the four-engined Ilya Muromets bombers designed by Igor Sikorsky were being built at that time. Later, beginning from August 1918, he worked in Moscow at the Dux aircraft factory. For several years, he was engaged in improving products manufactured by the factory, and upgrading production aircraft to accommodate the available engines, equipment and materials. From 1922, Polikarpov focused his attention on fighter aircraft, creation of which was a priority for him during the following years. The first of them was the IL-400 monoplane, designated I-1 by the Air Force. The monoplane was followed by biplanes including the 2I-N1 (1925), the I-3 (1927), the D-2 (1928), and the I-6 (1929). It was specialization in fighter aircraft which, from then on, became his mission in life. At the peak of his career as a designer, Polikarpov was informally styled 'the King of Fighters', which was quite in line with the level of his merits and achievements. In the 1930's, the TsKB-3 (I-15) and TsKB-12 (I-16) fighters were designed under Polikarpov's supervision. These aircraft were the designer's undoubtable success. They also were the main combat fighters in service with the Red Army Air Force. For the creation of the I-15 and the I-16 fighters, Polikarpov was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1935, and the Order of the Red Star a year later. In the 1930's, Nikolay Polikarpov devised a lot of aircraft of various designs, the majority of which can be described as 'advanced' and 'innovative'. In 1940, Polikarpov was granted the degree of the Doctor of Engineering and the title of the Chief Designer of the highest category. In the same year, he was awarded the title of the Hero of Socialist Labor. A year later, he became a recipient of the Stalin Prize. The gifted Soviet engineer was destined to live only 52 years. On 30 July 1944, Nikolay Polikarpov died of a rapidly evolving oncological disease. To venerate his memory, the U-2 trainer has ever since been designated the Po-2 (Polikarpov-2). The book which is presented to the reader describes all Polikarpov's original projects, both those put into reality and unimplemented ones. It took the author many years to prepare for the creation of the book. The author studied materials on the respective topics in all Russian archives, and made use of remembrances of Polikarpov's contemporaries and publications by other researchers. For purposes of clarity and in order to facilitate publication, the author split the book on Nikolai Polikarpov's aircraft into two parts - the 'Biplane Era' and the 'Monoplane Era'. Indeed, during the designer's activity from 1918 through to 1932, he devoted himself predominantly to creating biplanes. For the 1920's, the biplanes were a preferable option; they were more common, more reliable, better studied, and even more desirable for the Red Army Air Force. The first design of the IL-400 (I-1) monoplane fighter appeared as early as 1923; however, it was through its novelty and unpredictability that the aircraft failed to achieve the deserved success. It should be noted that the U-2 (Po-2) and the R-5 biplanes, which were created during that period, became one of the best Polikarpov aircraft, and brought him recognition as a reputed designer. In the 1930's, Nikolai Polikarpov's activity reached its pinnacle. It was during that period that he created his advanced monoplanes such as the I-16, the I-17, the VIT-2, and others. He continued his fruitful and quite successful activity in the area of creating modern aircraft during the war of 1941--45 as well.
Download or read book I-16 Rata written by Oleg Pototskiy and published by . This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the reader to a remarkable fighter aircraft, that which had a great influence on both the pre-war development of Soviet aircraft, and the military developments that occurred in the first few months of the war between Germany and the USSR.
Book Synopsis Spanish Republican Aces by : Rafael A López Permuy
Download or read book Spanish Republican Aces written by Rafael A López Permuy and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-03-20 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the start of the Spanish Civil War, most young fighter pilot officers joined the rebels, while the high ranking officers, grupo or escuadrilla commanders, and the NCOs, sergeants and corporals remained loyal to the government. Mostly flying the obsolete Nieuport Ni.52s these loyalists were soon outpaced by the more modern Fiat CR.32s and Heinkel He 51s. However, at this early stage of the war, there were several Republican airmen who became aces and famous in the process, despite the small numbers of enemy aircraft shot down. Widely speaking, the Republican military aviation did not keep an exhaustive record of individual shooting claims. However, sufficient documentation exists to make a reasonable assumption as to which pilots fall into the ace category. This volume details the exploits of those pilots, complementing previous works in the Osprey Aircraft of the Aces series on Nationalist CR.32 Aces and Polikarpov I-15, I-16 and I-152 Aces.
Book Synopsis Polikarpov's Biplane Fighters by : Yefim Gordon
Download or read book Polikarpov's Biplane Fighters written by Yefim Gordon and published by Ian Allan Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Soviet Polikarpov design bureau is perhaps best known for the I-16 fighter, the world's first monoplane fighter to have a retractable undercarriage. This aircraft is covered in Volume 3 of the Red Star series. This book explores the development of Polikarpov's fighting biplanes from the 2I-N1 to his first aircraft to see production; to the I-3 and the I-5 created while the designer was in prison. This design paved the way for the I-15 which earned fame as the Chato during the Spanish Civil War and also saw action against the Japanese, and the I-15bis which owed its existence mainly to Soviet Air Force's prejudice against gull wings; and the famous I-153 Chaika, a gull-wing biplane with retractable-landing gear. Experimental versions of this aricraftg are also included in the book. A detailed account of the combat role of these aircraft is given as are structural descriptions. The book also includes details of the ill-starred I-190 which was to have superceded the Chaika and of privately owned I-15bis and I-153s which have been restored to airworthy condition.
Book Synopsis Soviet Lend-Lease Fighter Aces of World War 2 by : George Mellinger
Download or read book Soviet Lend-Lease Fighter Aces of World War 2 written by George Mellinger and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10-20 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Soviet government tried to minimize the importance of Lend-lease fighters well into the 1980s. Only in recent years have these pilots felt free to admit what they flew, and now the fascinating story of these men can emerge. By the end of 1941 the Soviet Union was near collapse and its air force almost annihilated, leaving large numbers of surviving pilots with no aircraft to fly. To help prevent this collapse the UK eventually supplied a total of 4300 Hurricanes and Spitfires to the USSR. After the United States entered the war, the Americans extended Lend-lease to include direct supply to the Soviets as well as the British, and among the aircraft sent were almost 10,000 fighters. Although the aircraft were outdated and often unsuitable to Russian conditions, they served when they were needed, and this book tells how a number of Russian pilots became Heroes of the Soviet Union flying Lend-lease aircraft.
Book Synopsis OLED Fundamentals by : Daniel J. Gaspar
Download or read book OLED Fundamentals written by Daniel J. Gaspar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-05-15 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Comprehensive Source for Taking on the Next Stage of OLED R&DOLED Fundamentals: Materials, Devices, and Processing of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes brings together key topics across the field of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), from fundamental chemistry and physics to practical materials science and engineering aspects to design and ma
Book Synopsis Famous Fighters of the Second World War by :
Download or read book Famous Fighters of the Second World War written by and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beskriver jagerfly kendt fra 2. verdenkrig og fra flere lande
Download or read book Some Still Live written by F. G. Tinker and published by . This book was released on 2023-02-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frank G. Tinker Jr was a freelance US pilot who signed up with the Republican forces in Spain because he didn't like Mussolini. He was also attracted by the prospect of adventure and a generous pay cheque. Once over in Spain he took on the bombers and fighter pilots lent to the Fascist rebels by Hitler and Mussolini, who used the Spanish Civil War as a practice ground for the mass bombing of civilian populations. Tinker chalked up the largest number of acknowledged kills with a total of 8 Junkers, Fiats and Messerschmitts. When he returned to the US he was unable to rejoin the Armed Forces and, depressed by Franco's victory, he was found in a hotel room in June 1939 with an empty bottle of whisky and a bullet in his head. This is his account of his experiences in Spain.
Book Synopsis Soviet Fighters of the Second World War by : Jason Nicholas Moore
Download or read book Soviet Fighters of the Second World War written by Jason Nicholas Moore and published by Fonthill Media. This book was released on 2021-07-30 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Red Air Force had just started to re-equip with modern monoplane fighters when the Germans opened Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union. Hundreds of fighters were destroyed in the first few days, but many of these were obsolete biplanes. Soviet Fighters of the Second World War details fighter development from the dark days of Barbarossa to eventual triumph over Berlin. Starting with outdated aircraft such as the Polikarpov Po-2 biplane and monoplane fighters, the Soviets then settled on two main lines of development: the inline-engine LaGG-3 and its radial-engine derivatives, the La-5 and La-7, and the inline-engine Yakovlev fighters, which were produced in greater numbers than any other series of fighters. Not only are these aircraft accurately described, but experimental fighters are also dealt with. In addition, colour profiles illustrate these aircraft in terms of design, camouflage and markings. From the I-15bis biplane of the late 1930s to the superb La-7 and Yak-3 fighters of the last year of the war, all Red Air Force fighters are covered in this comprehensive volume.
Book Synopsis Polikarpov Fighters Of The Spanish Civil War by : Erik Pilawskii
Download or read book Polikarpov Fighters Of The Spanish Civil War written by Erik Pilawskii and published by . This book was released on 2021-07-03 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume no.6 of the Profile & Scale series illuminates the various Polikarpov fighters of the Spanish Civil War (1936-39). The book is fully bi-lingual Spanish and English text, to include all captions, descriptions and references. More than 70 full-colour profiles document the appearance of these famous I-15s and I-16s, or Chatos and Moscas, in unstinting detail and accuracy. All-original, never previously published 1:48 scale line drawings are provided for the I-15 from all three manufacturers, Russian and Spanish. Full scale plans are included for the I-16 Types 5 and 10, but also for the special Ispanskii hybrid version shipped to Spain and the locally built examples from Alicante. These line drawings are the culmination of nearly 30 years' dedicated work on Polikarpov aircraft, and should present the most complete, accurate and illuminating scale work regarding these machines to date. The book presents many production, development and detail facts about Polikarpov fighters in Spain which have not been published previously. The old myth of the I-16 "Type 6" is laid to rest at last, and the mysterious Ispanskii models finally revealed. A proper explanation of the Russian M-25 engine is presented along with other such technical details, making this volume a treasure-trove for variant identification and resolution.
Book Synopsis Russian and Soviet Ground Attack Aircraft by : Alberto Trevisan
Download or read book Russian and Soviet Ground Attack Aircraft written by Alberto Trevisan and published by . This book was released on 2020-09-24 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Soviet Air Force Fighter Colours 1941-1945 by : Erik Pilawskii
Download or read book Soviet Air Force Fighter Colours 1941-1945 written by Erik Pilawskii and published by Ian Allan Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents probably the most detailed study published in the English language of the camouflage and markings of the fighter aircraft of the Soviet Air Force during World War II. Erik Pilawskii is a scholar of the Soviet Air Force in World War II and has undertaken several years of research to produce this ground-breaking book. With information drawn from previously inaccessible Soviet archives, the author first presents a detailed analysis of the developments, trends, patterns and irregularities of the color systems seen on Russian fighters and offers a fascinating insight into the workings of the Soviet manufacturing system responsible for this task. He then brings readers a technical study of each of the main fighter aircraft and variants, and each description is followed by coverage of camouflage and markings, factory-applied, field variations and seasonal. The text is supported by hundreds of rare and previously unpublished photographs and more than 40 commissioned full color artworks. Furthermore, hundreds of color illustrations portray the immense variety of patterns related to this fascinating subject. This book will be a must-have for all students of Soviet air power and Russian aircraft modelers.
Book Synopsis Enemy at the Gates by : Justo Miranda
Download or read book Enemy at the Gates written by Justo Miranda and published by Fonthill Media. This book was released on 2019-12-08 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the Nazis started to threaten the world with their efficient machine of propaganda, the main concern of European governments was the overwhelming reaction of panic that the expected bombing of the Luftwaffe might cause within the civil population. During the Munich Agreement in 1938, the democracies were defended by old biplanes and a bunch of modern fighters: 50 Hurricanes, 20 Morane-405 and 5 Fokker D.XXI. France and Great Britain took up the production of USA airplanes and cancelled exports to small countries, which were forced to design and build their own PANIC FIGHTERS with the intelligence and skill that desperation provides. When nothing seemed able to contain the German advance, France, Great Britain and the USSR developed several programs of emergency fighters, as did Australia, to face the Japanese expansion. At the time the course of events switched, it was the Axis powers that had to create their own PANIC FIGHTERS, some of them suicidal. The present book includes several last resource designs of fighters that are practically unknown and that were developed in times of tribulation by Australia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Japan, Yugoslavia, Latvia, Netherland, Poland, Romania, Sweden and Switzerland.
Book Synopsis Soviet Combat Aircraft of the Second World War: Twin-engined fighters, attack aircraft and bombers by : E. Gordon
Download or read book Soviet Combat Aircraft of the Second World War: Twin-engined fighters, attack aircraft and bombers written by E. Gordon and published by Motorbooks International. This book was released on 1999-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arranged by designers, this second installment of a two-volume set includes the aircraft of such famous names as Ilyushin, Petlyakov, and Tupolev, as well as lesser-known types. In preparing this volume, the authors combed untapped archives in the Soviet Union to uncover a wealth of data that rewrites longheld Western beliefs.
Book Synopsis The Illustrated Directory of Fighting Aircraft of World War II by : Bill Gunston
Download or read book The Illustrated Directory of Fighting Aircraft of World War II written by Bill Gunston and published by Zenith Press. This book was released on 1999-01 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specs for more than 160 aircraft, with illustrations and period photos to detail paint schemes. Ideal for scale and R/C modelers.
