Policy And Design Courses Of Action To Improve Resilience Of Proliferated Low Earth Orbit Constellations Against Adverse Solar Weather

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Policy and Design Courses of Action to Improve Resilience of Proliferated Low Earth Orbit Constellations Against Adverse Solar Weather

Author : Jonathan Garrett Novak
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Policy and Design Courses of Action to Improve Resilience of Proliferated Low Earth Orbit Constellations Against Adverse Solar Weather by : Jonathan Garrett Novak

Download or read book Policy and Design Courses of Action to Improve Resilience of Proliferated Low Earth Orbit Constellations Against Adverse Solar Weather written by Jonathan Garrett Novak and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are three main questions answered by this thesis: 1) Would an extreme event on a scale commensurate to historically observed events induce catastrophic failures to current New Space mega-constellations? 2) How do increasing levels of constellation proliferation alter resilience to adverse solar weather? And 3) How do increasing levels of constellation proliferation alter the effectiveness of courses of action to improve resilience? In order to answer these questions, solar weather effects are modeled using a unique process of correlating solar weather event intensities to radiation effects leading to failure. Representative constellation populations are dynamically altered with respect to a Monte Carlo based stochastic simulation of solar cycle 25. The performance degradation, value, and resilience of each system is recorded throughout a solar cycle in baseline cases and then compared to cases employing alternative designs or policy criteria. "The results of this thesis show that New Space architectures are resilient to the radiation effects of even extreme case scenarios of solar weather. The results also show that, of the parameters tested, shielding is among the most effective for improving the resilience of highly proliferated systems. The results also imply that increasing manufacturing and launch timelines are most effective at improving resilience when increased together, rather than one parameter in isolation. Finally, through a net present value analysis, this thesis demonstrates how policies may be valued and assessed. A sample valuation for an emergency launch insurance policy is shown in the results as well as evidence supporting "Careful COTS" as a viable and effective methodology for ensuring resilience of COTS-enabled, proliferated systems. All code, datasets, and sample results depicted are provided in a GitHub at the end of the thesis.

On-Orbit Servicing System Architectures for Proliferated Low Earth Orbit Constellations

Author : Michael Adam Luu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis On-Orbit Servicing System Architectures for Proliferated Low Earth Orbit Constellations by : Michael Adam Luu

Download or read book On-Orbit Servicing System Architectures for Proliferated Low Earth Orbit Constellations written by Michael Adam Luu and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On-orbit servicing (OOS) presents new opportunities for refueling, inspection, repair, maintenance, and upgrade of spacecraft (s/c). OOS is a significant area of need for future space growth, enabled by the maturation of technology and the economic prospects. This congestion is leading s/c operators to explore how they can leverage OOS. OOS missions for s/c in geostationary orbit (GEO) are currently underway. This is being driven by the closure of the business case for refueling long lived monolithic chemically propelled GEO assets. However, there are currently no plans for OOS of low-earth orbit (LEO) s/c, aside from technology demonstrations, because of their shorter design life and lower cost. It will become particularly important to enable the servicing of LEO s/c as the industry shifts its focus towards LEO. Designing OOS systems for LEO constellations differs from that of GEO based systems, this difference is attributed to LEO's proliferation of satellites, environmental effects (J2 nodal precession, drag), and different constellation patterns. Satellite constellations in LEO are becoming more distributed due to increased access, distributed risk, flexibility, and cost. OOS of s/c may enable the reduction of requirements on subsystems such as safety and the need for redundancy. These requirement reductions will enable lower risks, lower costs, and increased system resilience. This paper analyzes the benefits of OOS in proliferated LEO constellations. Several OOS system architectures are modeled in various scenarios; in each system architecture the model will vary qualities such as mass, altitudes, time, propulsion system, maneuver, and type of service. The objective of the model will be to optimize for cost, time, and utility to generate a tradespace for an OOS system architecture. OOS provides higher utility over the comparative alternative of using spare satellites in some scenarios. The utility of OOS provides even more utility when considering failure rates of satellites and allowing for an increase in failure rates when adopting an OOS system.

Special Project Report

Author : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Publisher : AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Special Project Report by : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Download or read book Special Project Report written by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and published by AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics). This book was released on 1999 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special report focuses on the emerging legal regime for orbital debris mitigation. It contains an overview of the relevant laws, policies, and regulations on orbital debris mitigation and aims to serve as a useful reference for the space community.

Planning the Future Space Weather Operations and Research Infrastructure: Proceedings of the Phase II Workshop

Author : National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309693660
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (936 download)

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Book Synopsis Planning the Future Space Weather Operations and Research Infrastructure: Proceedings of the Phase II Workshop by : National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri

Download or read book Planning the Future Space Weather Operations and Research Infrastructure: Proceedings of the Phase II Workshop written by National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2023-06-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Affecting technological systems at a global-scale, space weather can disrupt high-frequency radio signals, satellite-based communications, navigational satellite positioning and timing signals, spacecraft operations, and electric power delivery with cascading socioeconomic effects resulting from these disruptions. Space weather can also present an increased health risk for astronauts, as well as aviation flight crews and passengers on transpolar flights. In 2019, the National Academies was approached by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the National Science Foundation to organize a workshop that would examine the operational and research infrastructure that supports the space weather enterprise, including an analysis of existing and potential future measurement gaps and opportunities for future enhancements. This request was subsequently modified to include two workshops, the first (Phase I) of which occurred in two parts on June 16-17 and September 9-11, 2020. The Phase II workshop occurred on April 11-14, 2022, with sessions on agency updates, research needs, data science, observational and modeling needs, and emerging architectures relevant to the space weather research community and with ties to operational needs. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of that workshop.

Global Space Governance: An International Study

Author : Ram S. Jakhu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319543644
Total Pages : 784 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Space Governance: An International Study by : Ram S. Jakhu

Download or read book Global Space Governance: An International Study written by Ram S. Jakhu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-12 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the Global Space Governance study commissioned by the 2014 Montreal Declaration that called upon civil society, academics, governments, the private sector, and other stakeholders to undertake an international interdisciplinary study. The study took three years to complete. It examines the drivers of space regulations and standards, key regulatory problems, and especially addresses possible improvements in global space governance. The world's leading experts led the drafting of chapters, with input from academics and knowledgeable professionals in the public and private sectors, intergovernmental organizations, and nongovernmental organizations from all the regions of the world with over 80 total participants. This book and areas identified for priority action are to be presented to the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and it is hoped will be considered directly or indirectly at the UNISPACE+50 event in Vienna, Austria, in 2018. The report, a collective work of all the contributors, includes objective analysis and frank statements expressed without pressure of political, national, and occupational concerns or interest. It is peer-reviewed and carefully edited to ensure its accuracy, preciseness, and readability. It is expected that the study and derivative recommendations will form the basis for deliberations and decisions at international conferences and meetings around the world on the theme of global space governance. This will hopefully include future discussion at the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space.

Defense Against the Dark Arts in Space

Author : Todd Harrison
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538140322
Total Pages : 53 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Defense Against the Dark Arts in Space by : Todd Harrison

Download or read book Defense Against the Dark Arts in Space written by Todd Harrison and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-10-20 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proliferation of counterspace weapons across the globe often calls into question what can be done to best protect satellites from attack. This analysis from the CSIS Aerospace Security Project addresses different methods and technologies that can be used by the United States government, and others, to deter adversaries from attack. A wide range of active and passive defenses are available to protect space systems and the ground infrastructure they depend upon from different types of threats. This report captures a range of active and passive defenses that are theoretically possible and discusses the advantages and limitations of each. A group of technical space and national security experts supported the analysis by working through several plausible scenarios that explore a range of defenses that may be needed, concepts for employing different types of defenses, and how defensive actions in space may be perceived by others. These scenarios and the findings that resulted from subsequent conversations with experts are reported in the penultimate chapter of the report. Finally, the CSIS Aerospace Security Project team offers conclusions drawn from the analysis, actionable recommendations for policymakers, and additional research topics to be explored in future work.

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists by :

Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1961-05 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.

Global Trends 2040

Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
ISBN 13 : 9781646794973
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (949 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council

Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Orbital Debris

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309051258
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Orbital Debris by : National Research Council

Download or read book Orbital Debris written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-07-07 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the beginning of space flight, the collision hazard in Earth orbit has increased as the number of artificial objects orbiting the Earth has grown. Spacecraft performing communications, navigation, scientific, and other missions now share Earth orbit with spent rocket bodies, nonfunctional spacecraft, fragments from spacecraft breakups, and other debris created as a byproduct of space operations. Orbital Debris examines the methods we can use to characterize orbital debris, estimates the magnitude of the debris population, and assesses the hazard that this population poses to spacecraft. Potential methods to protect spacecraft are explored. The report also takes a close look at the projected future growth in the debris population and evaluates approaches to reducing that growth. Orbital Debris offers clear recommendations for targeted research on the debris population, for methods to improve the protection of spacecraft, on methods to reduce the creation of debris in the future, and much more.

National Security Space Defense and Protection

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309447488
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis National Security Space Defense and Protection by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book National Security Space Defense and Protection written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-09-30 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is not yet 60 years since the first artificial satellite was placed into Earth orbit. In just over a half century, mankind has gone from no presence in outer space to a condition of high dependence on orbiting satellites. These sensors, receivers, transmitters, and other such devices, as well as the satellites that carry them, are components of complex space systems that include terrestrial elements, electronic links between and among components, organizations to provide the management, care and feeding, and launch systems that put satellites into orbit. In many instances, these space systems connect with and otherwise interact with terrestrial systems; for example, a very long list of Earth-based systems cannot function properly without information from the Global Positioning System (GPS). Space systems are fundamental to the information business, and the modern world is an information-driven one. In addition to navigation (and associated timing), space systems provide communications and imagery and other Earth-sensing functions. Among these systems are many that support military, intelligence, and other national security functions of the United States and many other nations. Some of these are unique government, national security systems; however, functions to support national security are also provided by commercial and civil-government space systems. â€¨The importance of space systems to the United States and its allies and potential adversaries raises major policy issues. National Security Space Defense and Protection reviews the range of options available to address threats to space systems, in terms of deterring hostile actions, defeating hostile actions, and surviving hostile actions, and assesses potential strategies and plans to counter such threats. This report recommends architectures, capabilities, and courses of action to address such threats and actions to address affordability, technology risk, and other potential barriers or limiting factors in implementing such courses of action.

Space Capstone Publication Spacepower

Author : Us Government United States Space Force
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (743 download)

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Book Synopsis Space Capstone Publication Spacepower by : Us Government United States Space Force

Download or read book Space Capstone Publication Spacepower written by Us Government United States Space Force and published by . This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, Space Capstone Publication Spacepower: Doctrine for Space Forces, is capstone doctrine for the United States Space Force and represents our Service's first articulation of an independent theory of spacepower. This publication answers why spacepower is vital for our Nation, how military spacepower is employed, who military space forces are, and what military space forces value. In short, this capstone document is the foundation of our professional body of knowledge as we forge an independent military Service committed to space operations. Like all doctrine, the SCP remains subject to the policies and strategies that govern its employment. Military spacepower has deterrent and coercive capacities - it provides independent options for National and Joint leadership but achieves its greatest potential when integrated with other forms of military power. As we grow spacepower theory and doctrine, we must do so in a way that fosters greater integration with the Air Force, Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. It is only by achieving true integration and interdependence that we can hope to unlock spacepower's full potential.

The Physics of Space Security

Author : David Wright
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physics of Space Security by : David Wright

Download or read book The Physics of Space Security written by David Wright and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Enhancing Space Resilience Through Non-materiel Means

Author : Gary McLeod
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833093134
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Enhancing Space Resilience Through Non-materiel Means by : Gary McLeod

Download or read book Enhancing Space Resilience Through Non-materiel Means written by Gary McLeod and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because changes to space systems are costly, the Air Force asked RAND to identify non-materiel means--doctrine, organization, training, leadership and education, personnel, facilities, and policy--to enhance resilience.

Security and Stability in the New Space Age

Author : Brad Townsend
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000097110
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Security and Stability in the New Space Age by : Brad Townsend

Download or read book Security and Stability in the New Space Age written by Brad Townsend and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-07-12 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the drivers behind great power security competition in space to determine whether realistic strategic alternatives exist to further militarization. Space is an area of increasing economic and military competition. This book offers an analysis of actions and events indicative of a growing security dilemma in space, which is generating an intensifying arms race between the US, China, and Russia. It explores the dynamics behind a potential future war in space and investigates methods of preventing an arms race from an international relations theory and military-strategy standpoint. The book is divided into three parts: the first section offers a broad discussion of the applicability of international relations theory to current conditions in space; the second is a direct application of theory to the space environment to determine whether competition or cooperation is the optimal strategic choice; the third section focuses on testing the hypotheses against reality, by analyzing novel alternatives to three major categories of space systems. The volume concludes with a study of the practical limitations of applying a strategy centered on commercialization as a method of defusing the orbital security dilemma. This book will be of interest to students of space power, strategic studies, and international relations.

A Framework for K-12 Science Education

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309214459
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis A Framework for K-12 Science Education by : National Research Council

Download or read book A Framework for K-12 Science Education written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-02-28 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science, engineering, and technology permeate nearly every facet of modern life and hold the key to solving many of humanity's most pressing current and future challenges. The United States' position in the global economy is declining, in part because U.S. workers lack fundamental knowledge in these fields. To address the critical issues of U.S. competitiveness and to better prepare the workforce, A Framework for K-12 Science Education proposes a new approach to K-12 science education that will capture students' interest and provide them with the necessary foundational knowledge in the field. A Framework for K-12 Science Education outlines a broad set of expectations for students in science and engineering in grades K-12. These expectations will inform the development of new standards for K-12 science education and, subsequently, revisions to curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development for educators. This book identifies three dimensions that convey the core ideas and practices around which science and engineering education in these grades should be built. These three dimensions are: crosscutting concepts that unify the study of science through their common application across science and engineering; scientific and engineering practices; and disciplinary core ideas in the physical sciences, life sciences, and earth and space sciences and for engineering, technology, and the applications of science. The overarching goal is for all high school graduates to have sufficient knowledge of science and engineering to engage in public discussions on science-related issues, be careful consumers of scientific and technical information, and enter the careers of their choice. A Framework for K-12 Science Education is the first step in a process that can inform state-level decisions and achieve a research-grounded basis for improving science instruction and learning across the country. The book will guide standards developers, teachers, curriculum designers, assessment developers, state and district science administrators, and educators who teach science in informal environments.

Toward a Theory of Spacepower: Selected Essays

Author :
Publisher : Smashbooks
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Toward a Theory of Spacepower: Selected Essays by :

Download or read book Toward a Theory of Spacepower: Selected Essays written by and published by Smashbooks. This book was released on 2011 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Role of Small Satellites in NASA and NOAA Earth Observation Programs

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309069823
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Small Satellites in NASA and NOAA Earth Observation Programs by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Role of Small Satellites in NASA and NOAA Earth Observation Programs written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-05-12 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote observations of Earth from space serve an extraordinarily broad range of purposes, resulting in extraordinary demands on those at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and elsewhere who must decide how to execute them. In research, Earth observations promise large volumes of data to a variety of disciplines with differing needs for measurement type, simultaneity, continuity, and long-term instrument stability. Operational needs, such as weather forecasting, add a distinct set of requirements for continual and highly reliable monitoring of global conditions. The Role of Small Satellites in NASA and NOAA Earth Observation Programs confronts these diverse requirements and assesses how they might be met by small satellites. In the past, the preferred architecture for most NASA and NOAA missions was a single large spacecraft platform containing a sophisticated suite of instruments. But the recognition in other areas of space research that cost-effectiveness, flexibility, and robustness may be enhanced by using small spacecraft has raised questions about this philosophy of Earth observation. For example, NASA has already abandoned its original plan for a follow-on series of major platforms in its Earth Observing System. This study finds that small spacecraft can play an important role in Earth observation programs, providing to this field some of the expected benefits that are normally associated with such programs, such as rapid development and lower individual mission cost. It also identifies some of the programmatic and technical challenges associated with a mission composed of small spacecraft, as well as reasons why more traditional, larger platforms might still be preferred. The reasonable conclusion is that a systems-level examination is required to determine the optimum architecture for a given scientific and/or operational objective. The implied new challenge is for NASA and NOAA to find intra- and interagency planning mechanisms that can achieve the most appropriate and cost-effective balance among their various requirements.